A method and system for locating faults in fiber optic networks

Abstract

This invention relates to a method and system for locating faults in optical fiber networks, comprising: collecting raw monitoring data of optical transmission through a multi-vendor network management system; constructing a partial optical fiber topology map including user-end equipment nodes, optical line terminal port nodes, and splitter nodes within a preset monitoring period; generating a global optical fiber topology map based on the uplink port identification information of the user-end equipment after conflict resolution and integration processing; converting the topology map into a set of optical transmission triples, and identifying directly connected and indirectly connected port groups based on the triple set; constructing a target fault propagation loop with the port to be located as the starting and ending point based on the two types of port groups; extracting the optical performance feature dataset of the ports within the loop, and determining whether the loop represents a real physical layer fault by combining topology features and using spatiotemporal pattern matching and optical performance feature offset analysis. This method achieves accurate fault location and tracing in a multi-vendor environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of optical fiber fault detection, and in particular to a method and system for locating optical fiber network faults. Background Technology

[0002] Current fiber optic networks are characterized by large-scale deployment and heterogeneous networking by multiple vendors. To improve network flexibility and supply chain security, operators commonly deploy optical line terminals, user-end equipment, and passive splitters from multiple vendors, including Huawei, ZTE, and Fiberhome, at the access layer. Industry data shows that over 86% of metropolitan area optical networks integrate equipment from more than three vendors.

[0003] Existing technologies suffer from the following problems: 1. Each vendor's network management system uses proprietary protocols to collect optical transmission performance data, creating data silos. This necessitates manual interface adaptation for cross-vendor topology integration, resulting in low efficiency and a high error rate. 2. Physical layer faults exhibit cross-device cascading characteristics. For example, contamination of a single-point splitter port can lead to an increase in the bit error rate of downstream multi-level user-end devices, while traditional solutions only detect directly connected devices, resulting in a high rate of missed detections. 3. Logical configuration errors and physical layer faults show similarities in optical performance indicators (e.g., both cause optical power attenuation), making it difficult for existing alarm mechanisms based on fixed thresholds to distinguish between them.

[0004] Based on the aforementioned shortcomings, the following core bottlenecks urgently need to be overcome in this field: 1. Accurately capture the cascading characteristics of physical layer faults, compressing the analysis scope to a local closed-loop path. 2. Achieve accurate separation of physical layer faults, reducing the false positive rate. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, embodiments of the present invention provide a method and system for locating fiber optic network faults. The fiber optic network fault location method of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0006] Based on the raw monitoring data of optical transmission collected by network management systems from multiple vendors, fiber optic topology maps are constructed for relevant network devices that transmit optical signals within a preset monitoring period. Each fiber optic topology map includes user-end device nodes, optical line terminal port nodes, and optical splitter nodes.

[0007] Based on the uplink port identification information connected to each user terminal device, all fiber optic topology sub-maps are merged through conflict resolution and integration processing to generate a general fiber optic topology map.

[0008] The optical fiber topology is represented as an optical transmission triplet data set, with the triplet format being (source port ID, target port ID, optical feature timestamp). Based on the triplet data set, the directly associated port groups that have a direct optical path to the port to be located at the time of the target fault are identified.

[0009] Obtain all indirectly associated ports in the fiber optic topology diagram that have historical optical connections with each port in the directly associated port group within a preset time window before the target fault time, and generate the corresponding indirectly associated port group.

[0010] Based on the directly associated port group and the indirectly associated port group, the target fault propagation loop is determined with the fault port to be located as the signal start point and the signal end point.

[0011] Based on the original monitoring data of optical transmission, a set of optical performance features for each port in the target fault propagation ring is generated through multi-dimensional feature extraction. Based on the topological features of the target fault propagation ring and the set of optical performance features for each port in the target fault propagation ring, spatiotemporal pattern matching and optical performance feature offset analysis are used to determine whether the target fault propagation ring represents a real physical layer fault.

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment, the physical layer faults include: abnormal attenuation of optical power due to excessively small optical fiber bending radius; increased cascaded bit error rate caused by dust contamination at the splitter port; and excessive wavelength offset caused by aging of the optical module.

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment, the step of fusing all fiber topology sub-maps to generate a total fiber topology map through conflict resolution and integration processing includes:

[0014] Identify the optical line terminal equipment associated with each user terminal equipment based on the uplink port identification information connected to each user terminal equipment;

[0015] If two user terminal devices share the same optical line terminal equipment or splitter node, then that device is marked as a common connection node;

[0016] A fiber optic topology diagram is spliced ​​and associated based on the optical link attributes of common connection nodes; the optical link attributes include fiber optic link establishment timestamp, optical attenuation value between adjacent nodes, and transmission delay.

[0017] The spliced ​​fiber optic topology is subjected to conflict resolution processing, which includes: when the same fiber has different performance parameters in different data sources, the latest timestamp data is selected as the valid value; when nodes have mutually exclusive connections, the optical time domain reflectometer is triggered in real time to verify the physical link, and the reflection curve test results are used as the final connection basis.

[0018] According to a preferred embodiment, determining the target fault propagation loop with the fault port to be located as the signal start and signal end point based on the directly associated port group and the indirectly associated port group includes:

[0019] Based on real-time optical path data at the moment of the target fault, the closed-loop optical path with the fault port to be located as the signal start and signal end point is detected in the directly associated port group, and it is used as the direct fault propagation loop.

[0020] Based on historical optical path data within a preset time window, a closed-loop optical path with the faulty port to be located as the signal start and end point is detected within the indirectly associated port group, and this path is used as the indirect fault propagation loop.

[0021] Obtain the physical connection relationship of the port to be located at the time of the target fault, record its direct upstream port and direct downstream port, and construct a loop extension path based on the direct upstream port and direct downstream port;

[0022] The loop extension path is compared with each direct fault propagation loop and each indirect fault propagation loop to determine whether there is a shared continuous fiber segment; the shared continuous fiber segment is a fiber segment with two or more consecutive overlapping nodes.

[0023] If no shared continuous fiber segment exists, the loop extension path is inserted into any fiber link of the corresponding fault propagation loop to generate a candidate fault propagation loop.

[0024] If a shared continuous fiber segment exists, the shared continuous fiber segment of the corresponding fault propagation loop will be replaced with a loop extension path to generate a candidate fault propagation loop.

[0025] Candidate fault propagation rings with total path attenuation not exceeding the maximum allowable attenuation, transmission delay not exceeding the upper limit of fault propagation delay, and the number of OLT devices within the ring not exceeding 2 are selected as target fault propagation rings.

[0026] According to a preferred embodiment, determining whether the target fault propagation loop characterizes a real physical layer fault through spatiotemporal pattern matching and optical performance characteristic offset analysis includes:

[0027] Based on the topology of the target fault propagation ring and the optical characteristic timestamps of the nodes within the ring, the spatiotemporal sequence features of the target fault propagation ring are extracted; the spatiotemporal sequence features include the fault propagation path pattern, the fault propagation time interval between nodes, and the rate of change of the number of active ports within the ring.

[0028] The spatiotemporal sequence features are matched with a preset fault mode library. The fault mode library includes a star-shaped diffusion mode of splitter contamination, a cascade failure mode of fiber bending, and a wavelength shift mode of optical module aging. The matching process includes comparing the extracted fault propagation path mode, the fault propagation time interval between nodes, and the rate of change of the number of active ports in the ring with the standard spatiotemporal features corresponding to each mode in the fault mode library. When at least two spatiotemporal sequence features are consistent with the standard spatiotemporal features of the same fault mode in the fault mode library, the match is considered successful.

[0029] Retrieve the optical performance feature dataset of the port inside the target fault propagation ring, analyze the feature offset of the real-time optical feature value of each port in the optical performance feature dataset relative to the historical reference value, and verify the feature offset of the target fault propagation ring based on the feature offset.

[0030] When the target fault propagation loop passes both spatiotemporal pattern matching and feature offset verification, it is determined that the target fault propagation loop represents a real physical layer fault.

[0031] According to a preferred embodiment, the feature offset of the real-time optical feature value of each port in the optical performance feature dataset relative to the historical reference value includes:

[0032] The optical performance feature dataset of the inner port of the target fault propagation loop is divided into several equal-capacity feature partitions based on three index dimensions: optical power, bit error rate, and wavelength offset. Each feature partition contains the same number of historical data points.

[0033] Spatial coordinate mapping is performed on historical data points within each feature partition, and the distribution intensity value of each feature partition is calculated.

[0034] Extract the distribution intensity value sequence of each feature partition in several consecutive time windows within the fault monitoring period, and calculate the distribution intensity increment of each feature partition in adjacent time windows based on the distribution intensity value sequence of each feature partition;

[0035] The weight coefficient of each feature partition is calculated based on the distribution intensity increment of each feature partition in adjacent time windows, and the weight coefficients of all feature partitions are combined to construct a weight matrix.

[0036] Obtain the real-time optical feature vector at the moment of target failure;

[0037] The weighted historical baseline vector is calculated based on the weight matrix and the historical optical feature vector, and the feature offset is obtained based on the real-time optical feature vector and the weighted historical baseline vector; the feature offset includes optical power attenuation offset, bit error rate dynamic slope offset, and wavelength offset standard deviation.

[0038] According to a preferred embodiment, the feature offset verification specifically includes: detecting whether the target fault propagation loop meets any of the following conditions: a) the optical power attenuation offset continuously exceeds a preset threshold range; b) the bit error rate dynamic slope offset exceeds a preset threshold value; c) the wavelength offset standard deviation continuously exceeds the standard tolerance range; if the target fault propagation loop meets any of the above conditions, the target fault propagation loop passes the feature offset verification; if the target fault propagation loop does not meet any of the above conditions, the target fault propagation loop fails the feature offset verification.

[0039] According to a preferred embodiment, the raw monitoring data of optical transmission includes: the port transmitted optical power of the optical line terminal, the received optical power and bit error rate of the user terminal equipment, the polarization mode dispersion coefficient of the optical fiber link, and the insertion loss and return loss of the optical splitter.

[0040] According to a preferred embodiment, the spatiotemporal sequence features are matched with a preset fault mode library, and the specific matching process includes:

[0041] For the aforementioned fault propagation path pattern, determine whether it conforms to any preset path form in the fault mode library:

[0042] 1) If the path pattern shows that multiple branches centered on the splitter node simultaneously experience signal degradation, it is matched as a star-shaped diffusion pattern of splitter contamination.

[0043] 2) If the path morphology exhibits linear cascading degradation propagating sequentially along the fiber link, then it is matched as a cascading failure mode of fiber bending.

[0044] 3) If the path shape presents a tree-like structure that diffuses unidirectionally from the optical line terminal port to the downstream equipment, then it is matched as the wavelength shift mode of optical module aging.

[0045] For the fault propagation time interval between the nodes, determine its statistical distribution characteristics:

[0046] 1) If the time intervals are concentrated in a short time range, then a star-shaped diffusion pattern is matched;

[0047] 2) If the time interval shows an increasing trend and is positively correlated with the physical distance between nodes, then a cascade failure mode is matched.

[0048] 3) If the time interval has no significant regularity but is accompanied by periodic wavelength fluctuations, then match the wavelength offset mode;

[0049] For the rate of change of the number of active ports within the ring, determine its trend:

[0050] 1) If the rate of change rises sharply at the initial moment and then tends to stabilize, it matches the star-shaped diffusion pattern;

[0051] 2) If the rate of change increases linearly, then a cascaded failure mode is matched;

[0052] 3) If the rate of change fluctuates in a wave-like pattern, then match the wavelength offset mode;

[0053] A successful match is determined when at least two of the three spatiotemporal sequence features match the same fault mode.

[0054] The fiber optic network fault location system of the present invention includes: a graph construction module, a fault detection module, and a fault identification module, wherein each module is connected to the other in communication.

[0055] The graph construction module uses raw optical transmission monitoring data collected from multi-vendor network management systems to build fiber optic topology sub-graphs for relevant network devices that transmit optical signals within a preset monitoring period. Based on the uplink port identification information connected to each user terminal device, it merges all fiber optic topology sub-graphs through conflict resolution and integration processing to generate a complete fiber optic topology graph.

[0056] The fault detection module represents the overall fiber optic topology as a set of optical transmission triplet data, and identifies directly associated port groups that have a direct optical path to the port to be located at the time of the target fault based on the triplet data set; it obtains all indirectly associated ports in the overall fiber optic topology that have historical optical connections with each port in the directly associated port group within a preset time window before the time of the target fault, and generates corresponding indirectly associated port groups; based on the directly associated port groups and the indirectly associated port groups, it determines the target fault propagation loop with the port to be located as the signal start and signal end point;

[0057] The fault identification module generates an optical performance feature dataset for each port within the target fault propagation ring by extracting multi-dimensional features from the original optical transmission monitoring data. Based on the topological characteristics of the target fault propagation ring and the optical performance feature dataset for each port within the target fault propagation ring, the module determines whether the target fault propagation ring represents a real physical layer fault through spatiotemporal pattern matching and optical performance feature offset analysis.

[0058] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0059] 1. By resolving conflicts and integrating multi-source network management data, a time-stamped optical fiber topology map is constructed, solving the data silo problem caused by proprietary protocols and supporting accurate topology restoration in hybrid networking scenarios.

[0060] 2. By dynamically tracking connection relationships through optical transmission triples and filtering historical optical connection ports through preset time windows, a propagation loop with the port to be located as the closed loop is accurately constructed, compressing the analysis scope from all network devices to a local topology loop, thereby improving the efficiency of fault identification.

[0061] 3. Spatiotemporal pattern matching and optical performance feature offset co-verification improve the accuracy of fault identification and distinguish between physical faults and logical anomalies. Attached Figure Description

[0062] Figure 1 A structural block diagram of a fiber optic network fault location system provided as an exemplary embodiment;

[0063] Figure 2A flowchart of a fiber optic network fault location method provided as an exemplary embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0064] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of the invention as detailed in the appended claims.

[0065] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in this invention and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0066] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used in this invention to describe various information, this information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information without departing from the scope of this invention, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "when," "when," or "in response to a determination."

[0067] See Figure 1 The fiber optic network fault location system of the present invention may include: a graph construction module, a fault detection module and a fault identification module, wherein each module has a communication connection.

[0068] The graph construction module uses raw optical transmission monitoring data collected from multi-vendor network management systems to build fiber optic topology sub-graphs for relevant network devices that transmit optical signals within a preset monitoring period. Based on the uplink port identification information connected to each user terminal device, it merges all fiber optic topology sub-graphs through conflict resolution and integration processing to generate a complete fiber optic topology graph.

[0069] The fault detection module represents the overall fiber optic topology as a set of optical transmission triplet data, and identifies directly associated port groups that have a direct optical path to the port to be located at the time of the target fault based on the triplet data set; it obtains all indirectly associated ports in the overall fiber optic topology that have historical optical connections with each port in the directly associated port group within a preset time window before the time of the target fault, and generates corresponding indirectly associated port groups; based on the directly associated port groups and the indirectly associated port groups, it determines the target fault propagation loop with the port to be located as the signal start and signal end point;

[0070] The fault identification module generates an optical performance feature dataset for each port within the target fault propagation ring by extracting multi-dimensional features from the original optical transmission monitoring data. Based on the topological characteristics of the target fault propagation ring and the optical performance feature dataset for each port within the target fault propagation ring, the module determines whether the target fault propagation ring represents a real physical layer fault through spatiotemporal pattern matching and optical performance feature offset analysis.

[0071] See Figure 2 The fiber optic network fault location method of the present invention includes:

[0072] S1. Based on the raw monitoring data of optical transmission collected by multi-vendor network management systems, construct an optical fiber topology map for relevant network devices that transmit optical signals within a preset monitoring period.

[0073] Optionally, each fiber optic topology diagram includes user terminal equipment nodes (ONU), optical line terminal port nodes (OLT), and splitter nodes.

[0074] Optionally, a multi-vendor network management system refers to a software system that can simultaneously access optical transmission equipment (OLT, ONU, splitter) from different vendors (Huawei / ZTE / Fiberhome / Nokia, etc.) and uniformly collect, analyze, and manage their optical performance data. A multi-vendor network management system is a comprehensive monitoring platform used by operators to manage heterogeneous optical network equipment.

[0075] Optionally, the raw monitoring data of optical transmission includes: the port transmitted optical power of the optical line terminal, the received optical power and bit error rate of the user terminal equipment, the polarization mode dispersion coefficient of the optical fiber link, and the insertion loss and return loss of the optical splitter.

[0076] S2. Based on the uplink port identification information connected to each user terminal device, all fiber optic topology sub-maps are merged through conflict resolution and integration processing to generate a general fiber optic topology map.

[0077] Preferably, the step of fusing all fiber optic topology sub-maps to generate a complete fiber optic topology map through conflict resolution and integration processing includes:

[0078] Identify the optical line terminal equipment associated with each user terminal equipment based on the uplink port identification information connected to each user terminal equipment;

[0079] If two user terminal devices share the same optical line terminal equipment or splitter node, then that device is marked as a common connection node;

[0080] A fiber optic topology diagram is spliced ​​and associated based on the optical link attributes of common connection nodes; the optical link attributes include fiber optic link establishment timestamp, optical attenuation value between adjacent nodes, and transmission delay.

[0081] The spliced ​​fiber optic topology is subjected to conflict resolution processing, which includes: when the same fiber has different performance parameters in different data sources, the latest timestamp data is selected as the valid value; when nodes have mutually exclusive connections, the optical time domain reflectometer is triggered in real time to verify the physical link, and the reflection curve test results are used as the final connection basis.

[0082] In fiber optic networks, the uplink port identification information of the user terminal equipment (ONU) refers to the topology association identifier that traces back from the user terminal equipment (ONU) to the optical line terminal (OLT) port.

[0083] S3. Represent the optical fiber topology diagram as an optical transmission triplet data set, and identify the directly associated port groups that have a direct optical path to the port to be located at the time of the target fault based on the triplet data set; obtain all the indirectly associated ports in the optical fiber topology diagram that have a historical optical connection with each port in the directly associated port group within a preset time window before the time of the target fault, and generate the corresponding indirectly associated port groups.

[0084] Optionally, the triplet format is (source port ID, destination port ID, optical feature timestamp).

[0085] Optionally, a direct-connect optical path refers to a passive optical path that is physically directly connected to the port to be located at the time of the target failure. The identification process through triplet data includes: scanning triplets in the format of (source port ID, target port ID, optical feature timestamp), and determining that it is a direct-connect optical path when there is no intermediate node between the source port and the target port (path length = 1) and the timestamp is equal to the time of the target failure.

[0086] Optionally, a historical optical connection refers to a connection that had a logical optical path (such as a service failover link) with a directly connected port within a preset time window before the target failure time. The identification process through triplet data includes: scanning triplets in the format of (source port ID, target port ID, optical feature timestamp), and recordings where the optical feature timestamp is within the preset time window before the failure time and the target port belongs to the directly connected port group. Records that appear ≥1 times are considered historical connections.

[0087] Optionally, the directly associated port group refers to the set of ports that are physically directly connected to the port to be located at the time of the target failure; the indirectly associated port group refers to the set of ports that have historical logical connections with the directly associated port group within a preset time window before the failure.

[0088] S4. Determine the target fault propagation loop with the fault port to be located as the signal start point and signal end point based on the directly associated port group and the indirectly associated port group.

[0089] According to a preferred embodiment, determining the target fault propagation loop with the fault port to be located as the signal start and signal end point based on the directly associated port group and the indirectly associated port group includes:

[0090] Based on real-time optical path data at the moment of the target fault, the closed-loop optical path with the fault port to be located as the signal start and signal end point is detected in the directly associated port group, and it is used as the direct fault propagation loop.

[0091] Based on historical optical path data within a preset time window, a closed-loop optical path with the faulty port to be located as the signal start and end point is detected within the indirectly associated port group, and this path is used as the indirect fault propagation loop.

[0092] Obtain the physical connection relationship of the port to be located at the time of the target fault, record its direct upstream port and direct downstream port, and construct a loop extension path based on the direct upstream port and direct downstream port;

[0093] The loop extension path is compared with each direct fault propagation loop and each indirect fault propagation loop to determine whether there is a shared continuous fiber segment; the shared continuous fiber segment is a fiber segment with two or more consecutive overlapping nodes.

[0094] If no shared continuous fiber segment exists, the loop extension path is inserted into any fiber link of the corresponding fault propagation loop to generate a candidate fault propagation loop.

[0095] If a shared continuous fiber segment exists, the shared continuous fiber segment of the corresponding fault propagation loop will be replaced with a loop extension path to generate a candidate fault propagation loop.

[0096] Candidate fault propagation rings with total path attenuation not exceeding the maximum allowable attenuation, transmission delay not exceeding the upper limit of fault propagation delay, and the number of OLT devices within the ring not exceeding 2 are selected as target fault propagation rings.

[0097] Optionally, the direct fault propagation loop is a closed-loop optical path formed in the directly associated port group based on the real-time optical path data at the time of the target fault, with the fault port to be located as the signal start and signal end point, wherein the connection relationship of all nodes exists in real time.

[0098] The direct fault propagation loop is a closed-loop optical path constructed based on the real-time physical direct connection relationship at the time of the target fault. All its nodes belong to the directly associated port group, and the port to be located as the signal start point and signal end point.

[0099] Optionally, the indirect fault propagation loop is a logical closed-loop path formed in the indirect associated ports based on historical correlation data, with the fault port as the signal start point and signal end point, wherein there are historical logical channel connection relationships between the nodes.

[0100] The indirect fault propagation loop is an extended closed-loop optical path constructed based on historical correlation data. All its nodes belong to the indirect correlation port group, and the fault port to be located is the signal start point and signal end point.

[0101] Optionally, real-time optical path data includes: topology connections, physical direct connections between ports; optical performance, received optical power, bit error rate, and wavelength offset; device status, laser switch status and port enable status; and path information, optical signal transmission path.

[0102] Optionally, historical optical path data includes: historical port connection relationships, historical timing values ​​of optical power / bit error rate / wavelength offset, and port enable status changes and maintenance operation records.

[0103] S5. Based on the original optical transmission monitoring data, a multi-dimensional feature extraction is performed to generate an optical performance feature dataset for each port within the target fault propagation ring. Based on the topological characteristics of the target fault propagation ring and the optical performance feature dataset for each port within the target fault propagation ring, spatiotemporal pattern matching and optical performance feature offset analysis are used to determine whether the target fault propagation ring represents a real physical layer fault.

[0104] Optionally, the physical layer faults include: abnormal attenuation of optical power due to excessively small fiber bending radius; increased cascaded bit error rate caused by dust contamination at the splitter port; and excessive wavelength offset caused by aging of the optical module.

[0105] Optionally, the optical performance characteristic dataset refers to a set of structured optical path monitoring data extracted from the raw optical transmission monitoring data. The core of the dataset includes: triplet, optical parameter values: optical power / bit error rate / wavelength offset, and spatiotemporal tags: device location and acquisition cycle.

[0106] In one implementation, determining whether the target fault propagation loop characterizes a real physical layer fault through spatiotemporal pattern matching and optical performance characteristic offset analysis includes:

[0107] Based on the topology of the target fault propagation ring and the optical characteristic timestamps of the nodes within the ring, the spatiotemporal sequence features of the target fault propagation ring are extracted; the spatiotemporal sequence features include the fault propagation path pattern, the fault propagation time interval between nodes, and the rate of change of the number of active ports within the ring.

[0108] The spatiotemporal sequence features are matched with a preset fault mode library. The fault mode library includes a star-shaped diffusion mode of splitter contamination, a cascade failure mode of fiber bending, and a wavelength shift mode of optical module aging. The matching process includes comparing the extracted fault propagation path mode, the fault propagation time interval between nodes, and the rate of change of the number of active ports in the ring with the standard spatiotemporal features corresponding to each mode in the fault mode library. When at least two spatiotemporal sequence features are consistent with the standard spatiotemporal features of the same fault mode in the fault mode library, the match is considered successful.

[0109] Retrieve the optical performance feature dataset of the port inside the target fault propagation ring, analyze the feature offset of the real-time optical feature value of each port in the optical performance feature dataset relative to the historical reference value, and verify the feature offset of the target fault propagation ring based on the feature offset.

[0110] When the target fault propagation loop passes both spatiotemporal pattern matching and feature offset verification, it is determined that the target fault propagation loop represents a real physical layer fault.

[0111] Optionally, real-time optical characteristic values ​​refer to the optical performance parameters of the ports within the fault propagation loop, collected in real time by a multi-vendor network management system at the moment of the target fault. Specifically, these include: optical power value, bit error rate slope, and wavelength offset.

[0112] Optionally, the historical baseline value refers to the statistical reference value of the optical characteristic vector calculated using the fiber optic topology diagram within a preset time window before the target fault time. Essentially, it is a dynamically weighted average of the port optical performance parameters, used as a comparison benchmark for fault determination.

[0113] Furthermore, the feature offset of the real-time optical feature values ​​of each port in the optical performance feature dataset relative to the historical baseline values ​​is analyzed, including:

[0114] The optical performance feature dataset of the inner port of the target fault propagation loop is divided into several equal-capacity feature partitions based on three index dimensions: optical power, bit error rate, and wavelength offset. Each feature partition contains the same number of historical data points.

[0115] Spatial coordinate mapping is performed on historical data points within each feature partition, and the distribution intensity value of each feature partition is calculated.

[0116] Extract the distribution intensity value sequence of each feature partition in several consecutive time windows within the fault monitoring period, and calculate the distribution intensity increment of each feature partition in adjacent time windows based on the distribution intensity value sequence of each feature partition;

[0117] The weight coefficient of each feature partition is calculated based on the distribution intensity increment of each feature partition in adjacent time windows, and the weight coefficients of all feature partitions are combined to construct a weight matrix.

[0118] Obtain the real-time optical feature vector at the moment of target failure;

[0119] The weighted historical baseline vector is calculated based on the weight matrix and the historical optical feature vector, and the feature offset is obtained based on the real-time optical feature vector and the weighted historical baseline vector; the feature offset includes optical power attenuation offset, bit error rate dynamic slope offset, and wavelength offset standard deviation.

[0120] Optionally, the real-time optical feature vector refers to the multi-dimensional optical performance state matrix collected in real time from the fault propagation loop port at the moment of the target fault, including: instantaneous optical power, bit error rate change rate, and wavelength offset.

[0121] Optionally, the weighted historical baseline vector refers to a multi-dimensional matrix of port optical performance time-series data extracted from the fiber optic topology map within a preset time window before the target failure time, which is standardized and includes the rolling mean of optical power, the rate of change of bit error rate, and the standard deviation of wavelength offset.

[0122] Optionally, the feature offset verification specifically includes: detecting whether the target fault propagation loop meets any of the following conditions: a) the optical power attenuation offset continuously exceeds a preset threshold range; b) the bit error rate dynamic slope offset exceeds a preset threshold value; c) the wavelength offset standard deviation continuously exceeds the standard tolerance range; if the target fault propagation loop meets any of the above conditions, the target fault propagation loop passes the feature offset verification; if the target fault propagation loop does not meet any of the above conditions, the target fault propagation loop fails the feature offset verification.

[0123] Optionally, the spatiotemporal sequence features are matched with a preset fault mode library. The specific matching process includes:

[0124] For the aforementioned fault propagation path pattern, determine whether it conforms to any preset path form in the fault mode library:

[0125] 1) If the path pattern shows that multiple branches centered on the splitter node simultaneously experience signal degradation, it is matched as a star-shaped diffusion pattern of splitter contamination.

[0126] 2) If the path morphology exhibits linear cascading degradation propagating sequentially along the fiber link, then it is matched as a cascading failure mode of fiber bending.

[0127] 3) If the path shape presents a tree-like structure that diffuses unidirectionally from the optical line terminal port to the downstream equipment, then it is matched as the wavelength shift mode of optical module aging.

[0128] For the fault propagation time interval between the nodes, determine its statistical distribution characteristics:

[0129] 1) If the time intervals are concentrated in a short time range, then a star-shaped diffusion pattern is matched;

[0130] 2) If the time interval shows an increasing trend and is positively correlated with the physical distance between nodes, then a cascade failure mode is matched.

[0131] 3) If the time interval has no significant regularity but is accompanied by periodic wavelength fluctuations, then match the wavelength offset mode;

[0132] For the rate of change of the number of active ports within the ring, determine its trend:

[0133] 1) If the rate of change rises sharply at the initial moment and then tends to stabilize, it matches the star-shaped diffusion pattern;

[0134] 2) If the rate of change increases linearly, then a cascaded failure mode is matched;

[0135] 3) If the rate of change fluctuates in a wave-like pattern, then match the wavelength offset mode;

[0136] A successful match is determined when at least two of the three spatiotemporal sequence features match the same fault mode.

[0137] This application integrates multi-source network management data through conflict resolution to construct a timestamped fiber optic topology map, resolving the data silo problem caused by proprietary protocols and supporting accurate topology reconstruction in hybrid networking scenarios. By dynamically tracking connection relationships using optical transmission triples and filtering historical optical connection ports through preset time windows, it accurately constructs a propagation loop with the faulty port as the closed loop, compressing the analysis scope from all network devices to a local topology loop and improving fault identification efficiency. Spatiotemporal pattern matching and optical performance characteristic offset co-verification improve the accuracy of fault identification, distinguishing between physical faults and logical anomalies.

[0138] The computer program instructions used to perform the operations of this invention may be assembly instructions, instruction set architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions, machine-dependent instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, state setting data, or source code or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Smalltalk, C++, etc., and procedural programming languages ​​such as the "C" language or similar programming languages. The computer-readable program instructions may be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer via any type of network—including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN)—or may be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider). In some embodiments, electronic circuitry, such as programmable logic circuitry, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or programmable logic arrays (PLAs), is personalized by utilizing state information from the computer-readable program instructions. This electronic circuitry can execute the computer-readable program instructions to implement various aspects of the invention.

[0139] The present invention discloses a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions, which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the above-described method.

[0140] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the above methods can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware (e.g., processor, FPGA, ASIC, etc.), and the program can be stored in a readable storage medium, such as a read-only memory, a disk, or an optical disk. All or part of the steps in the above embodiments can also be implemented using one or more integrated circuits. Accordingly, each module in the above embodiments can be implemented in hardware, such as by using integrated circuits to implement its corresponding function, or it can be implemented as a software functional module, such as by a processor executing a program / instruction stored in memory to implement its corresponding function. The embodiments of the present invention are not limited to any particular combination of hardware and software.

[0141] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this document can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0142] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this paper, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this paper. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0143] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for locating faults in an optical fiber network, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Based on the raw monitoring data of optical transmission collected by network management systems from multiple vendors, fiber optic topology maps are constructed for relevant network devices that transmit optical signals within a preset monitoring period. Each fiber optic topology map includes user-end device nodes, optical line terminal port nodes, and optical splitter nodes. Based on the uplink port identification information connected to each user terminal device, all fiber optic topology sub-maps are merged through conflict resolution and integration processing to generate a general fiber optic topology map. The process of fusing all fiber optic topology sub-maps to generate a general fiber optic topology map through conflict resolution and integration includes: Identify the optical line terminal equipment associated with each user terminal equipment based on the uplink port identification information connected to each user terminal equipment; If two user terminal devices share the same optical line terminal equipment or splitter node, then that device is marked as a common connection node; A fiber optic topology diagram is spliced ​​and associated based on the optical link attributes of common connection nodes; the optical link attributes include fiber optic link establishment timestamp, optical attenuation value between adjacent nodes, and transmission delay. The spliced ​​fiber optic topology diagram is subjected to conflict resolution processing. The conflict resolution processing process includes: when the same fiber has different performance parameters in different data sources, the latest timestamp data is selected as the valid value; when nodes have mutually exclusive connection relationships, the optical time domain reflectometer is triggered in real time to perform physical link verification, and its reflection curve test results are used as the final connection basis. The optical fiber topology is represented as an optical transmission triplet data set, with the triplet format being (source port ID, target port ID, optical feature timestamp). Based on the triplet data set, the directly associated port groups that have a direct optical path to the port to be located at the time of the target fault are identified. Obtain all indirectly associated ports in the fiber optic topology diagram that have historical optical connections with each port in the directly associated port group within a preset time window before the target fault time, and generate the corresponding indirectly associated port group. Based on the directly associated port group and the indirectly associated port group, the target fault propagation loop is determined with the fault port to be located as the signal start point and the signal end point. Based on the original monitoring data of optical transmission, a set of optical performance feature data for each port in the target fault propagation ring is generated through multi-dimensional feature extraction. Based on the topological characteristics of the target fault propagation ring and the set of optical performance feature data for each port in the target fault propagation ring, spatiotemporal pattern matching and optical performance feature offset analysis are used to determine whether the target fault propagation ring represents a real physical layer fault. Determining whether the target fault propagation loop characterizes a real physical layer fault through spatiotemporal pattern matching and optical performance feature offset analysis includes: Based on the topology of the target fault propagation ring and the optical characteristic timestamps of the nodes within the ring, the spatiotemporal sequence features of the target fault propagation ring are extracted; the spatiotemporal sequence features include the fault propagation path pattern, the fault propagation time interval between nodes, and the rate of change of the number of active ports within the ring. The spatiotemporal sequence features are matched with a preset fault mode library. The fault mode library includes a star-shaped diffusion mode of splitter contamination, a cascade failure mode of fiber bending, and a wavelength shift mode of optical module aging. The matching process includes comparing the extracted fault propagation path mode, the fault propagation time interval between nodes, and the rate of change of the number of active ports in the ring with the standard spatiotemporal features corresponding to each mode in the fault mode library. When at least two spatiotemporal sequence features are consistent with the standard spatiotemporal features of the same fault mode in the fault mode library, the match is considered successful. Retrieve the optical performance feature dataset of the port inside the target fault propagation ring, analyze the feature offset of the real-time optical feature value of each port in the optical performance feature dataset relative to the historical reference value, and verify the feature offset of the target fault propagation ring based on the feature offset. When the target fault propagation loop passes both spatiotemporal pattern matching and feature offset verification, it is determined that the target fault propagation loop represents a real physical layer fault.

2. The fault location method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The physical layer faults include: abnormal attenuation of optical power due to excessively small fiber bending radius; increased cascaded bit error rate caused by dust contamination at the splitter port; and excessive wavelength offset caused by aging of optical modules.

3. The fault location method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Based on directly associated port groups and indirectly associated port groups, the target fault propagation loop, with the fault port to be located as the signal start and signal end point, is determined as follows: Based on real-time optical path data at the moment of the target fault, the closed-loop optical path with the fault port to be located as the signal start and signal end point is detected in the directly associated port group, and it is used as the direct fault propagation loop. Based on historical optical path data within a preset time window, a closed-loop optical path with the faulty port to be located as the signal start and end point is detected within the indirectly associated port group, and this path is used as the indirect fault propagation loop. Obtain the physical connection relationship of the port to be located at the time of the target fault, record its direct upstream port and direct downstream port, and construct a loop extension path based on the direct upstream port and direct downstream port; The loop extension path is compared with each direct fault propagation loop and each indirect fault propagation loop to determine whether there is a shared continuous fiber segment; the shared continuous fiber segment is a fiber segment with two or more consecutive overlapping nodes. If no shared continuous fiber segment exists, the loop extension path is inserted into any fiber link of the corresponding fault propagation loop to generate a candidate fault propagation loop. If a shared continuous fiber segment exists, the shared continuous fiber segment of the corresponding fault propagation loop will be replaced with a loop extension path to generate a candidate fault propagation loop. Candidate fault propagation rings with total path attenuation not exceeding the maximum allowable attenuation, transmission delay not exceeding the upper limit of fault propagation delay, and the number of OLT devices within the ring not exceeding 2 are selected as target fault propagation rings.

4. The fault location method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The analysis of the feature offset of each port's real-time optical feature value relative to the historical baseline value in the optical performance feature dataset includes: The optical performance feature dataset of the inner port of the target fault propagation loop is divided into several equal-capacity feature partitions based on three index dimensions: optical power, bit error rate, and wavelength offset. Each feature partition contains the same number of historical data points. Spatial coordinate mapping is performed on historical data points within each feature partition, and the distribution intensity value of each feature partition is calculated. Extract the distribution intensity value sequence of each feature partition in several consecutive time windows within the fault monitoring period, and calculate the distribution intensity increment of each feature partition in adjacent time windows based on the distribution intensity value sequence of each feature partition; The weight coefficient of each feature partition is calculated based on the distribution intensity increment of each feature partition in adjacent time windows, and the weight coefficients of all feature partitions are combined to construct a weight matrix. Obtain the real-time optical feature vector at the moment of target failure; The weighted historical baseline vector is calculated based on the weight matrix and the historical optical feature vector, and the feature offset is obtained based on the real-time optical feature vector and the weighted historical baseline vector; the feature offset includes optical power attenuation offset, bit error rate dynamic slope offset, and wavelength offset standard deviation.

5. The fault location method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The feature offset verification specifically includes: detecting whether the target fault propagation loop meets any of the following conditions: a) the optical power attenuation offset continuously exceeds a preset threshold range; b) the bit error rate dynamic slope offset exceeds a preset threshold value; c) the wavelength offset standard deviation continuously exceeds the standard tolerance range; if the target fault propagation loop meets any of the above conditions, the target fault propagation loop passes the feature offset verification; if the target fault propagation loop does not meet any of the above conditions, the target fault propagation loop fails the feature offset verification.

6. The fault location method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The raw monitoring data for optical transmission includes: the transmitted optical power of the optical line terminal, the received optical power and bit error rate of the user terminal equipment, the polarization mode dispersion coefficient of the optical fiber link, and the insertion loss and return loss of the optical splitter.

7. A fiber optic network fault location system for performing the method as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, It includes a graph construction module, a fault detection module, and a fault identification module, wherein the modules are interconnected. The graph construction module uses raw optical transmission monitoring data collected from multi-vendor network management systems to build fiber optic topology sub-graphs for relevant network devices that transmit optical signals within a preset monitoring period. Based on the uplink port identification information connected to each user terminal device, it merges all fiber optic topology sub-graphs through conflict resolution and integration processing to generate a complete fiber optic topology graph. The fault detection module represents the overall fiber optic topology as a set of optical transmission triplet data, and identifies directly associated port groups that have a direct optical path to the port to be located at the time of the target fault based on the triplet data set; it obtains all indirectly associated ports in the overall fiber optic topology that have historical optical connections with each port in the directly associated port group within a preset time window before the time of the target fault, and generates corresponding indirectly associated port groups; based on the directly associated port groups and the indirectly associated port groups, it determines the target fault propagation loop with the port to be located as the signal start and signal end point; The fault identification module generates an optical performance feature dataset for each port within the target fault propagation ring by extracting multi-dimensional features from the original optical transmission monitoring data. Based on the topological characteristics of the target fault propagation ring and the optical performance feature dataset for each port within the target fault propagation ring, the module determines whether the target fault propagation ring represents a real physical layer fault through spatiotemporal pattern matching and optical performance feature offset analysis.

Images