Roof rainwater collection system and method capable of realizing source discarding

Abstract

The invention provides a roof rainwater collection system and method capable of achieving source discarding, and belongs to the technical field of rainwater collection. The system comprises a rainwater collection module arranged on a roof main body, the module comprises a photovoltaic unit, a water collection unit and a protection unit, the water collection unit comprises a water collection tank, a tank cover, a flow guide eave and the like, synchronous control of overturning of the tank cover and sliding of the flow guide eave is achieved through a gear and rack linkage mechanism, and polluted rainwater is automatically discarded at the initial stage of rainfall; in the later period, the photovoltaic panel, the inner surface of the box cover and the three rainwater collecting faces of the protection plate cooperatively collect rainwater, and the rainwater collecting efficiency is effectively improved; the protection plate has functions of normal water collection and extreme weather protection, can resist hail impact, and realizes protection of the photovoltaic panel. According to the scheme, through the three-dimensional design of source discarding, multi-surface water collection and intelligent protection, deep integration of the photovoltaic function and the rainwater collection function is constructed, rainwater cleaning is achieved from the source, and the advantages of efficient water collection, source pollution control and equipment protection are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rainwater collection, and in particular to a rooftop rainwater collection system and method capable of realizing source drainage. Background Art

[0002] Existing roof rainwater collection systems mostly use traditional gutter systems, which have gutters on the eaves. The gutters are open structures, and the bottom of the gutters are connected to rainwater hoppers, which are connected to rainwater pipes. This traditional roof rainwater collection system also has the following problems: the gutters are open structures, and garbage is easily accumulated in the gutters. For example, fallen leaves, branches, plastic products and other debris are easy to fall into the gutters and accumulate, which easily pollutes the quality of rainwater and is also one of the factors affecting the cleanliness of the source. In addition, the filtering method is relatively simple. Most of them are simply built-in filters (rainwater hoppers) in the gutters for interception and filtration. After each rainwater collection, the intercepted garbage cannot be self-cleaned, and can only be manually cleaned out regularly, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive.

[0003] A search revealed that improved rainwater collection systems have emerged in the prior art, such as those that utilize existing photovoltaic panels as rainwater collection surfaces, achieving multifunctional applications for photovoltaic panels. For example, Chinese utility model patent publication No. CN 220521531 U discloses a rainwater collection device for photovoltaic panels that utilizes a water guide to collect rainwater from the panels. However, this device still presents the following issues:

[0004] First, it only considers the collection of rainwater, but does not take into account the fact that the quality of rainfall varies greatly in different time periods during the precipitation process. In the early stages of rain, there are large amounts of dust pollutants in the air or on the surface of photovoltaic panels, which will cause extremely serious pollution of the initial rainwater. Therefore, for rainwater collection and utilization, it is necessary to discard the initial rainwater, preferably at the source, to reduce the subsequent processing pressure.

[0005] Second, the Italian Photovoltaic magazine obtained a research report on hail damage to photovoltaic modules from the Free University of Amsterdam. The report pointed out that hail can cause both implicit and explicit damage to photovoltaic panels, both of which are possible, and all damage will reduce the service life of solar panels. Existing photovoltaic panels lack protective structures when in use. In certain severe weather conditions, such as extreme weather such as hail, solar panels are directly impacted by hail, which can easily cause implicit and explicit damage. For example, according to news reports, on June 4, 2020, Qianxinan Prefecture, Guizhou Province, my country, experienced a severe hailstorm. Egg-sized hailstones damaged vehicles, crops, people... and multiple photovoltaic power stations.

[0006] In summary, the existing technologies for rainwater collection using photovoltaic panels need to be further optimized in terms of rainwater source cleanliness, rainwater collection efficiency, and protection of photovoltaic panels. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to a certain extent. To this end, the present invention proposes a rooftop rainwater collection system and method that can achieve source drainage.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the technical problem is:

[0009] This technical solution proposes a rooftop rainwater collection system that can achieve source drainage, including several rainwater collection modules arranged on the roof body, the rainwater collection module includes at least one group of photovoltaic units and one group of water collection units, the photovoltaic unit includes a photovoltaic bracket arranged on the roof body, the photovoltaic bracket is provided with a photovoltaic panel; the surface of the photovoltaic panel serves as the first rainwater collection surface; the water collection unit includes a water collection tank, the water collection tank is arranged below the bottom edge of the photovoltaic panel; the water collection tank is connected to the rainwater main pipe; the top of the water collection tank is buckled with a reversible box The cover is provided, and the top of the water collecting tank is also slidably connected with a guide eaves; when the box cover is in a buckled state, the guide eaves are arranged under the box cover in a storage shape; in the storage shape, rainwater on the photovoltaic panel cannot flow into the water collecting tank, and this is a rainwater abandonment state; when the box cover is flipped open, the guide eaves can be linked to slide outward along the top of the water collecting tank, and are in an expanded state; in the expanded state, the guide eaves extend outward to below the bottom edge of the photovoltaic panel under the linkage of the box cover, and are used to receive and guide the rainwater on the photovoltaic panel into the water collecting tank, and this is a rainwater collection state.

[0010] Furthermore, the top of the water collecting tank is connected to a side plate, and the side plate is provided with a slide groove; the box cover is provided with a flip part, and the flip part includes an active connecting rod, and the bottom end of the active connecting rod is rotatably connected to the side plate; the active connecting rod is connected to a first driving mechanism for realizing the rotation of the active connecting rod; two groups of driven connecting rods are hinged on the box cover, and the other ends of the driven connecting rods are respectively hinged on the active connecting rods; one group of the driven connecting rods is connected to an extension arm, and a hinge shaft is provided at the end of the extension arm, and the hinge shaft is inserted in the slide groove and can move relative to the slide groove.

[0011] Furthermore, an active rack is slidably connected to the side plate, one end of which is connected to the hinge shaft; a driven rack is connected to the guide eaves, which is slidably connected to the side plate; a gear is rotatably connected to the side plate, which is engaged with the driven rack and the active rack.

[0012] Furthermore, one end of the inner surface of the box cover is provided with a drainage plate. After the box cover is opened, rainwater can flow into the water collecting box under the guidance of the inner surface of the box cover and the drainage plate. At this time, the inner surface of the box cover serves as a second rain collecting surface.

[0013] Furthermore, the guide plate is an arc-shaped cantilever structure.

[0014] Furthermore, first curling edges are fixedly connected to both sides of the inner surface of the box cover; the first curling edges and the guide plate form a U-shaped structure.

[0015] Furthermore, one end of the guide eaves is bent upward to form a second curled edge. When the box cover is in the buckled state, the second curled edge is arranged below the box cover, and the second curled edge, the first curled edge and the guide plate form a circumferential surrounding structure.

[0016] Furthermore, the rainwater collection module also includes a protection unit, which includes a side panel and a protection panel, the side panel is fixedly connected to the photovoltaic bracket, and a guide groove is provided on the side panel; one end of the protection panel is connected to a swing arm, and the other end of the swing arm is connected to a sliding shaft, and the sliding shaft is inserted in the guide groove and can slide along the guide groove; the side panel can also be rotatably connected to a driving arm, one end of the driving arm is hinged to the swing arm; the driving arm is connected to a second driving mechanism; the protection panel has two states, namely a protection state and a rain collecting state; in the protection state: the protection panel can be flipped to the top of the photovoltaic panel, so that the photovoltaic panel is completely covered by the bottom of the protection panel to achieve protection; in the rain collecting state: the protection panel is tilted to form an "eight"-shaped structure with the photovoltaic panel, and the protection panel serves as a third rain collecting surface; one side of the protection unit is also provided with the water collecting unit.

[0017] This technical solution also proposes a method for using a rooftop rainwater collection system that can achieve source disposal, including the following steps:

[0018] S1: Daily standby

[0019] During periods of no rainfall or idle time, the water collection tank cover is in a closed state, and the diversion eaves are stored under the cover, which cannot receive rainwater from the photovoltaic panels, thus preventing debris from falling into the water collection tank during non-rainy periods and polluting the internal environment;

[0020] S2: Initial rainwater discharge

[0021] After the rainfall begins, if the rainfall does not reach the set threshold, the box cover remains closed and the diversion eaves remain in the retracted position. The initial rainwater flowing down the surface of the photovoltaic panels directly drips along the edges of the photovoltaic panels and cannot enter the water collection tank, thus achieving the goal of discarding the initial rainwater.

[0022] S3: Subsequent rainwater collection

[0023] When the rainfall reaches the set flow abandonment threshold, the system automatically triggers the subsequent rainwater collection program; the first drive mechanism starts, driving the active connecting rod to rotate, and the active connecting rod pulls the box cover to flip open through the hinged driven connecting rod; during the box cover flipping process, the hinge shaft at the end of the extension arm connected to the driven connecting rod moves in the slide groove of the side plate, pushing the active rack to slide, and the active rack drives the gear to rotate, and the gear in turn drives the driven rack to move, causing the diversion eaves to slide outward along the top of the water collection tank, expanding and extending below the bottom edge of the photovoltaic panel to receive and guide rainwater into the water collection tank;

[0024] At the same time, after the box cover is opened, the internal drainage plate and the inner surface of the box cover together form a second rain collection surface, which can collect rainwater and flow into the water collection tank along the drainage plate under the action of gravity.

[0025] Furthermore, the above method also includes the following:

[0026] In S1, the second driving mechanism is used to maintain the protective plate and the photovoltaic panel at an "eight"-shaped angle, serving as the third rain collection surface;

[0027] In S2, the protective plate maintains an eight-shaped rainwater collection state, receiving rainwater on its own surface, forming initial rainwater runoff, which does not enter the water collection tank, thus achieving source drainage.

[0028] S3 also includes multi-collection surface collaboration:

[0029] When the rainfall reaches the set abandonment threshold, the system automatically triggers the subsequent rainwater collection process; the water collection unit corresponding to the protective plate starts to start, so that the diversion eaves in the water collection unit extend below the bottom edge of the protective plate to receive and guide the rainwater into the water collection tank;

[0030] Photovoltaic panels serve as the first rainwater collection surface: rainwater flows down along the panels and is introduced into the corresponding water collection tank through the front end of the diversion eaves;

[0031] The box cover serves as the second rain collection surface: the inner surface of the flipped box cover receives rainwater and flows into the water collection tank through the drainage plate.

[0032] The protective plate serves as the third rain collection surface: the protective plate maintains an eight-shaped structure, and rainwater on its surface is collected by another diversion eaves, forming a "three-sided convergence" efficient collection mode;

[0033] It also includes hail protection: when encountering hail weather, the second drive mechanism is activated, the drive arm rotates counterclockwise, driving the swing arm to slide upward along the side panel guide groove, pushing the protective plate from the figure eight shape to the top of the photovoltaic panel, and finally completely covering the surface of the photovoltaic panel to form a full protection state.

[0034] Compared with the existing technology, the above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0035] 1. The water collection unit designed in this invention has two states: storage and expansion. Through the linkage control mechanism of the box cover and the diversion eaves, the initial rainwater is automatically discarded, highly polluted rainwater is isolated at the source, the cleanliness of the subsequent collected rainwater is significantly improved, and the subsequent processing process can be greatly simplified.

[0036] 2. After the water collection unit is fastened to the box cover, the first curling edge, the second curling edge and the drainage plate are arranged to form a circumferential surrounding structure with good protection effect, preventing fallen leaves, plastics and other debris from falling into the interior, ensuring its interior cleanliness, and thus ensuring the cleanliness of the collected rainwater; the initial discharge process simultaneously flushes the debris on the surface of the photovoltaic panel and drains it away naturally, reducing the frequency of manual cleaning, which can improve the convenience of system operation. Unlike traditional gutter systems, there is no need to regularly clean the initial accumulated dirt, reducing labor costs.

[0037] 3. Through the coordinated water collection design of photovoltaic panels and the inner surface of the box cover, a double water collection surface is constructed. Combined with guide components such as guide eaves and drainage plates, the rainwater collection efficiency is significantly improved. Compared with the traditional single photovoltaic panel rain collection, this system can significantly increase the amount of rain collected per unit time under the same rainfall conditions. It is especially suitable for areas with uneven rainfall distribution or frequent short-term heavy rainfall, and can significantly improve the utilization rate of rainwater resources.

[0038] 4. The present invention also designs a protection unit, which integrates the two major functions of photovoltaic panel protection and rainwater collection into a single component, and adaptively switches in different scenarios to achieve "one panel, two uses". It not only solves the pain point of photovoltaic panels in traditional systems being easily damaged by natural disasters, but also significantly improves the efficiency of rainwater collection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Structural stereogram of the rainwater collection module (in the abandoned state).

[0042] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Main view of the rainwater harvesting module.

[0043] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the water collection unit in the rainwater collection module (in rainwater collection state).

[0044] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of area A in the middle.

[0045] Figure 6 yes Figure 4 Structural cross-section of the water collection unit.

[0046] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of the rainwater collection module (in rainwater collection state).

[0047] Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of the connection relationship between the swing arm, guide groove and drive arm in the protection unit.

[0048] Figure 9 It is a structural diagram of the protection unit in the protection state.

[0049] Description of the marks in the figure:

[0050] 1. Roof main body; 2. Photovoltaic unit; 3. Water collection unit; 4. Protection unit; 5. Rainwater main pipe;

[0051] 21. Photovoltaic bracket; 22. Photovoltaic panel;

[0052] 31. Water collecting tank; 32. Side plate; 321. Chute; 33. Turning member; 34. Tank cover; 35. Drain plate; 36. Drain eaves; 37. Driven rack; 38. Active rack; 39. First motor; 310. Gear; 331. Extension arm; 332. Driven connecting rod; 333. Active connecting rod; 341. First crimp; 361. Second crimp.

[0053] 41. Side panel; 42. Swing arm; 43. Protective plate; 44. Second motor; 45. Guide groove; 46. Drive arm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0055] Example 1:

[0056] like Figure 1 - Figure 9As shown, this embodiment proposes a rooftop rainwater collection system that can achieve source discharge, including a number of rainwater collection modules arranged on the roof body 1, the rainwater collection module includes at least a group of photovoltaic units 2 and a group of water collection units 3, the photovoltaic unit 2 includes a photovoltaic bracket 21 arranged on the roof body 1, the photovoltaic bracket 21 is fixed to the top of the roof body 1, and a photovoltaic panel 22 is provided on the photovoltaic bracket 21, and the photovoltaic panel 22 is fixedly connected to the photovoltaic panel; in this embodiment, the surface of the photovoltaic panel 22 serves as the first rainwater collecting surface, and rainwater falling on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 22 is collected by the first rainwater collecting surface.

[0057] The water collection unit 3 includes a water collection tank 31, which is a rectangular structure with an opening at the top; the water collection tank 31 is arranged below the bottom edge of the photovoltaic panel 22. During installation, it is necessary to ensure that the rainwater received by the photovoltaic panel 22 can flow into the water collection tank 31; the water collection tank 31 is connected to the rainwater main 5, and the rainwater main 5 connects each water collection tank 31 in series, and the collected rainwater is introduced into the ground treatment facility through the rainwater main 5.

[0058] The top of the water collecting tank 31 is fastened with a reversible box cover 34, and the top of the water collecting tank 31 is also slidably connected with a guide eaves 36; when the box cover 34 is in the fastened state, the guide eaves 36 are arranged below the box cover 34, in a storage state; in the storage state, rainwater on the photovoltaic panel 22 cannot flow into the water collecting tank 31, and this is the rainwater discharge state; when the box cover 34 is flipped open, the guide eaves 36 can be linked to slide outward along the top of the water collecting tank 31, in an expanded state; in the expanded state, the guide eaves 36 extend outward to the bottom edge of the photovoltaic panel 22 under the linkage of the box cover 34, and is used to receive and guide the rainwater on the photovoltaic panel 22 into the water collecting tank 31, and this is the rainwater collection state.

[0059] Regarding the specific arrangement of the box cover 34, the following structure can be adopted:

[0060] The top of the water collecting tank 31 is connected to a side plate 32, which is provided with a slide slot 321. The tank cover 34 is provided with a flip member 33, which includes an active link 333, the bottom end of which is rotatably connected to the side plate 32. The active link 333 is connected to a first driving mechanism for rotating the active link 333. Two sets of driven links 332 are hinged on the tank cover 34, and the other ends of the driven links 332 are respectively hinged to the active link 333. One set of driven links 332 is connected to an extension arm 331, and the end of the extension arm 331 is provided with a hinge shaft. The hinge shaft and the extension arm 331 can be rotatably connected, and the hinge shaft is inserted into the slide slot 321 and can move relative to the slide slot 321. In this embodiment, the first driving mechanism can be a first motor 39, which drives the active link 333 to rotate. Of course, the first driving mechanism can also be implemented by an electric push rod + gear 310 rack structure. This part is conventional technology and will not be described in detail.

[0061] Regarding the linkage mechanism between the guide eaves 36 and the box cover 34, the following methods can be adopted:

[0062] A driving rack 38 is also slidably connected to the side panel 32. One end of the driving rack 38 is connected to a hinge shaft, which drives the driving rack 38 as it moves along the slide 321. A driven rack 37 is connected to the guide eave 36 and slidably connected to the side panel 32. A gear 310 is rotatably connected to the side panel 32 and meshes with the driven rack 37 and the driving rack 38. The gear 310 is positioned between the driving rack 38 and the driven rack 37, forming a telescopic structure.

[0063] During use, the first driving mechanism drives the active connecting rod 333 to rotate, the box cover 34 flips upward, and the hinge shaft at the end of the extension arm 331 moves to one end along the slide groove 321, pulling the active rack 38 to move synchronously; the active rack 38 drives the driven rack 37 to move in the opposite direction through the engagement of the gear 310, and the guide eaves 36 extend outward with the driven rack 37 to the bottom edge of the photovoltaic panel 22, forming a complete water receiving interface.

[0064] In some embodiments, a drainage plate 35 is provided at one end of the inner surface of the lid 34. When the lid 34 is opened, rainwater can flow into the water collection tank 31 under the guidance of the inner surface of the lid 34 and the drainage plate 35. The inner surface of the lid 34 then serves as a second rainwater collection surface. In this embodiment, the drainage plate 35 can be designed as an arc-shaped cantilever structure.

[0065] In this embodiment, the arc-shaped cantilever structure and the inner surface of the box cover 34 form a continuous diversion curved surface. When rainwater flows down along the photovoltaic panel 22, it is guided by the inclination angle of the box cover 34 after it is opened and the arc-shaped guide plate 35, forming an accelerated flow in the tangential direction. The diversion speed is fast, which is conducive to the rainwater quickly entering the water collection tank 31.

[0066] In this embodiment, first flanges 341 are fixedly connected to both sides of the inner surface of the tank cover 34. The first flanges 341 can be integrally molded with the tank cover 34. The first flanges 341 and the guide plate 35 form a U-shaped structure. In this embodiment, the guide plate 35 and the first flanges 341 on both sides of the tank cover 34 form a U-shaped guide channel, forming a three-sided enclosed rainwater channel, forcing rainwater to flow along a predetermined path toward the water collection tank 31, preventing it from overflowing to the sides.

[0067] One end of the guide eave 36 bends upward to form a second bead 361. When the lid 34 is in the closed position, the second bead 361 is positioned below the lid 34. The second bead 361, the first bead 341, and the guide plate 35 form a circumferential enclosure. In this embodiment, the circumferential enclosure formed by the first bead 341 of the lid 34, the guide plate 35, and the second bead 361 of the guide eave 36 provides dual protection against rainwater overflow and debris ingress through a three-dimensional closed design and dynamic diversion. In the collection mode, the bead structure strengthens diversion and prevents overflow; in the discarding mode, it transforms into a closed barrier to prevent debris. When the lid 34 is closed, the second bead 361 of the guide eave 36 slides below the lid 34, forming a 360-degree enclosure with the first bead 341 and the guide plate 35 on both sides. Only a small air permeable gap remains at the top of the water collection tank 31, which is sufficient to prevent the ingress of impurities such as fallen leaves, branches, and plastic sheets, thus achieving fully enclosed protection.

[0068] In addition, this design adopts a dynamic closed water collection tank 31 to block the path of debris intrusion. The initial flow abandonment process simultaneously flushes the debris on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 22 and drains it away naturally, reducing the frequency of manual cleaning and improving the convenience of system operation. Unlike traditional gutter systems, there is no need to regularly clean the initial accumulated dirt, thereby reducing labor costs.

[0069] In this embodiment, the system is further provided with a rain sensor, a hail sensor and a controller, and the controller is respectively connected to the rain sensor and the first driving mechanism.

[0070] This embodiment also proposes a method for using a rooftop rainwater collection system that can achieve source drainage, including the following steps:

[0071] S1: Daily standby

[0072] During periods of no rainfall or idle time, the lid 34 of the water collection tank 31 is closed, and the guide eaves 36 are retracted beneath the lid 34, preventing rainwater from falling onto the photovoltaic panels 22. This prevents debris from entering the water collection tank 31 and contaminating the internal environment during non-rainy periods. Furthermore, the second bead 361, the first bead 341, the guide plate 35, and the guide eaves 36 form a 360-degree circumferential seal, preventing debris such as fallen leaves and sand from entering the water collection tank 31. The rainfall sensor operates in real time, and the electronic control system is in low-power monitoring mode, collecting environmental data every t interval, awaiting a rainfall signal.

[0073] S2: Initial rainwater discharge

[0074] After the rainfall begins, when the rainfall has not reached the set threshold (i.e., the rain sensor detects rainfall, and the accumulated rainfall is less than the set flow abandonment threshold), the box cover 34 remains in the closed state, and the guide eaves 36 are still in the storage position. The initial rainwater flowing down the surface of the photovoltaic panel 22 directly drips along the edge of the photovoltaic panel 22 and cannot enter the water collection tank 31, thereby achieving the abandonment of the initial rainwater.

[0075] S3: Subsequent rainwater collection

[0076] When the rainfall reaches the set flow abandonment threshold, the system automatically triggers the subsequent rainwater collection program; the first driving mechanism is started, driving the active connecting rod 333 to rotate, and the active connecting rod 333 pulls the box cover 34 to flip open through the hinged driven connecting rod 332; during the flipping process of the box cover 34, the hinge shaft at the end of the extension arm 331 connected to the driven connecting rod 332 moves in the slide groove 321 of the side plate 32, pushing the active rack 38 to slide, and the active rack 38 drives the gear 310 to rotate, and the gear 310 in turn drives the driven rack 37 to move, so that the diversion eaves 36 slide outward along the top of the water collection box 31, expanding and extending below the bottom edge of the photovoltaic panel 22, so as to receive and guide rainwater into the water collection box 31;

[0077] At the same time, after the box cover 34 is opened, the internal drainage plate 35 and the inner surface of the box cover 34 together form a second rain collecting surface, which can receive rainwater and flow into the water collecting box 31 along the drainage plate 35 under the action of gravity.

[0078] Application results:

[0079] 1. The water collection unit 3 designed in the present invention has two states: storage and expansion. Through the linkage control mechanism of the box cover 34 and the guide eaves 36, the initial rainwater is automatically discarded, highly polluted rainwater is isolated at the source, and the cleanliness of the subsequent collected rainwater is significantly improved, which can greatly simplify the subsequent processing process.

[0080] 2. The present invention constructs a double water collection surface through the coordinated water collection design of the photovoltaic panel 22 and the inner surface of the box cover 34. Combined with guide components such as the guide eaves 36 and the drainage plate 35, it achieves a significant improvement in rainwater collection efficiency. Compared with the traditional single photovoltaic panel 22 rain collection, this system can significantly increase the amount of rain collected per unit time under the same rainfall conditions. It is particularly suitable for areas with uneven rainfall distribution or frequent short-term heavy rainfall, and can significantly improve the resource utilization rate of rainwater.

[0081] Example 2:

[0082] Continue to refer to the attached Figure 1 - Figure 9On the basis of Example 1, the rainwater collection module also includes a protective unit 4, which includes a side panel 41 and a protective panel 43. The side panel 41 is fixedly connected to the photovoltaic bracket 21, and a guide groove 45 is provided on the side panel 41; one end of the protective panel 43 is connected to a swing arm 42, and the other end of the swing arm 42 is connected to a sliding shaft, which is inserted into the guide groove 45 and can slide along the guide groove 45; the side panel 41 is also rotatably connected to a driving arm 46, and one end of the driving arm 46 is hinged to the swing arm 42; the driving arm 46 is connected to a second driving mechanism, which can be a second motor 44.

[0083] In this embodiment, the protection plate 43 can be made of a high-strength acrylic plate.

[0084] The protective plate 43 has two states, namely, a protective state and a rain collecting state; wherein:

[0085] In the protection state: the protection plate 43 can be flipped over to the top of the photovoltaic panel 22, so that the photovoltaic panel 22 is completely covered by the bottom of the protection plate 43 to achieve protection;

[0086] In the rain collecting state: the protective plate 43 is tilted to form an "eight"-shaped structure with the photovoltaic panel 22. At this time, the protective plate 43 serves as the third rain collecting surface.

[0087] In this embodiment, a water collection unit 3 is also provided on one side of the protection unit 4. The photovoltaic panel 22 is provided with a group of water collection units 3, and the protection panel 43 is also provided with a group of water collection units 3.

[0088] The system is also provided with a hail sensor, and the controller is control-connected with the hail sensor and the second driving mechanism.

[0089] The present invention integrates the two major functions of photovoltaic panel 22 protection and rainwater collection into a single component by designing a protection unit 4, which can be adaptively switched in different scenarios to achieve "one panel, two uses". It not only solves the pain point of the photovoltaic panel 22 in the traditional system being easily damaged by natural disasters, but also significantly improves the rainwater collection efficiency.

[0090] This embodiment proposes a method for using a rooftop rainwater collection system that can achieve source drainage, including the following steps:

[0091] S1: Daily standby

[0092] During periods of no rainfall or idle time, the lid 34 of the water collection tank 31 is closed, and the guide eaves 36 are retracted below the lid 34, preventing rainwater from falling onto the photovoltaic panels 22. This prevents debris from entering the water collection tank 31 and contaminating the internal environment during non-rainy periods. Furthermore, the second bead 361, the first bead 341, the guide plate 35, and the guide eaves 36 form a 360-degree circumferential seal, preventing debris such as fallen leaves and sand from entering the water collection tank 31. A second drive mechanism maintains the protective plate 43 at an "eight" angle with the photovoltaic panels 22, serving as a third rainwater collection surface.

[0093] The rain sensor and hail sensor operate in real time, and the electronic control system is in low-power monitoring mode, collecting environmental data every t time interval, waiting for the rainfall signal or hail signal to be triggered.

[0094] S2: Initial rainwater discharge

[0095] After rainfall begins, if the rainfall amount does not reach the set threshold (i.e., the rain sensor detects rainfall and the accumulated rainfall amount is less than the set water abandonment threshold), the cover 34 remains closed and the diversion eaves 36 remain in the stowed position. The initial rainwater flowing down from the surface of the photovoltaic panels 22 drips directly along the edges of the panels 22 and cannot enter the water collection tank 31, thus achieving water abandonment. The protective plate 43 maintains an eight-shaped rain collection state, absorbing the rainwater on its own surface as initial rainwater runoff, which does not enter the water collection tank 31, achieving water abandonment at the source.

[0096] S3: Subsequent rainwater collection

[0097] When the rainfall reaches the set discard threshold, the system automatically triggers the subsequent rainwater collection process; specifically:

[0098] The first driving mechanism is started, driving the active connecting rod 333 to rotate, and the active connecting rod 333 pulls the box cover 34 to flip open through the hinged driven connecting rod 332; during the flipping process of the box cover 34, the hinge shaft at the end of the extension arm 331 connected to the driven connecting rod 332 moves in the slide groove 321 of the side panel 32, pushing the active rack 38 to slide, and the active rack 38 drives the gear 310 to rotate, and the gear 310 then drives the driven rack 37 to move, so that the guide eaves 36 slide outward along the top of the water collecting tank 31, expanding and extending to the bottom edge of the photovoltaic panel 22, for receiving and guiding rainwater into the water collecting tank 31.

[0099] At the same time, after the box cover 34 is opened, the internal drainage plate 35 and the inner surface of the box cover 34 together form a second rain collecting surface, which can receive rainwater and flow into the water collecting box 31 along the drainage plate 35 under the action of gravity.

[0100] Also includes multiple rain surfaces working together:

[0101] The water collection unit 3 corresponding to the protective plate 43 starts to start, so that the guide eaves 36 in the water collection unit 3 extend below the bottom edge of the protective plate 43 to receive and guide rainwater into the water collection tank 31;

[0102] The photovoltaic panel 22 serves as the first rainwater collection surface: rainwater flows downward along the panel surface and is introduced into the corresponding water collection tank 31 through the front end of the guide eaves 36;

[0103] The box cover 34 serves as a second rainwater collection surface: the inner surface of the turned-over box cover 34 receives rainwater and flows into the water collection box 31 through the drainage plate 35 .

[0104] The protective plate 43 serves as the third rain collection surface: the protective plate 43 maintains an eight-shaped structure, and rainwater on its surface is collected by another guide eaves 36, forming a "three-sided convergence" efficient collection mode.

[0105] The operation method of the above system also includes hail protection:

[0106] When encountering hail weather, the hail sensor transmits a signal to the controller, controlling the second drive mechanism to start, and the drive arm 46 rotates counterclockwise, driving the swing arm 42 to slide upward along the guide groove 45 of the side plate 41, pushing the protective plate 43 from the eight-shaped shape to the top of the photovoltaic panel 22, and finally completely covering the surface of the photovoltaic panel 22 to form a full protection state.

[0107] The above process also includes the termination and reset of rainwater collection:

[0108] Rainwater collection termination: In this system, a storage tank with a liquid level sensor is connected to the bottom of rainwater main 5. Rainwater main 5 is equipped with an electronically controlled valve, both of which are controlled by a controller. When the liquid level sensor in the storage tank detects that the water level reaches the set volume, the electronically controlled valve closes rainwater main 5 and sends a full-water signal to the central control system.

[0109] Status reset: The first drive mechanism runs in reverse, the box cover 34 is closed, the guide eaves 36 are retracted, and the circumferential surrounding structure returns to a closed state; if there is no subsequent rainfall or extreme weather, the protective plate 43 maintains an eight-shaped rain-collecting state; if a hail warning is detected, the protective plate 43 automatically flips over to above the photovoltaic panel 22 and enters the protection mode.

[0110] This solution, through a three-dimensional design combining source abandonment, multi-faceted water collection, and intelligent protection, achieves a deep integration of photovoltaic and rainwater harvesting functions. This addresses the pain points of traditional systems, such as pollution intrusion and inefficient water collection, at the source. Furthermore, the system can operate stably under complex conditions such as heavy rain and hail. This solution, combining source abandonment, multi-faceted water collection, and photovoltaic protection, is highly efficient and clean, suitable for photovoltaic buildings, and contributes to green and sustainable development.

[0111] In the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0112] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples" or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification without contradiction.

Claims

1. A rooftop rainwater collection system capable of realizing source drainage, comprising a plurality of rainwater collection modules arranged on a roof main body (1), the rainwater collection modules comprising at least one group of photovoltaic units (2) and one group of water collection units (3), the photovoltaic units (2) comprising a photovoltaic bracket (21) arranged on the roof main body (1), a photovoltaic panel (22) being provided on the photovoltaic bracket (21); the surface of the photovoltaic panel (22) serving as a first rainwater collection surface; and characterized in that: The water collection unit (3) comprises a water collection box (31), which is arranged below the bottom edge of the photovoltaic panel (22); the water collection box (31) is connected to the rainwater main (5); a reversible box cover (34) is buckled on the top of the water collection box (31), and a guide eave (36) is also slidably connected to the top of the water collection box (31); when the box cover (34) is in the buckled state, the guide eave (36) is arranged below the box cover (34) in a storage state; in the storage state, the photovoltaic panel (22) is The rainwater on the panel (22) cannot flow into the water collecting box (31), and is in a rainwater abandonment state; when the box cover (34) is flipped open, the guide eaves (36) can be linked to slide outward along the top of the water collecting box (31) to be in an expanded state; in the expanded state, the guide eaves (36) are extended outward to below the bottom edge of the photovoltaic panel (22) under the linkage of the box cover (34), and are used to receive and guide the rainwater on the photovoltaic panel (22) into the water collecting box (31), and is in a rainwater collection state.

2. A rooftop rainwater collection system capable of realizing source abandonment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the water collecting box (31) is connected to a side plate (32), and the side plate (32) is provided with a slide groove (321); the box cover (34) is provided with a flip member (33), and the flip member (33) includes an active connecting rod (333), and the bottom end of the active connecting rod (333) is rotatably connected to the side plate (32); the active connecting rod (333) is connected to a first driving mechanism for realizing the rotation of the active connecting rod (333); two groups of driven connecting rods (332) are hinged on the box cover (34), and the other ends of the driven connecting rods (332) are respectively hinged on the active connecting rod (333); one group of the driven connecting rods (332) is connected to an extension arm (331), and a hinge shaft is provided at the end of the extension arm (331), and the hinge shaft is inserted in the slide groove (321) and can move relative to the slide groove (321).

3. A rooftop rainwater collection system capable of realizing source abandonment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side plate (32) is also slidably connected to an active rack (38), one end of which is connected to the hinge shaft; the guide eaves (36) are connected to a driven rack (37), which is slidably connected to the side plate (32); the side plate (32) is rotatably connected to a gear (310), which is meshed with the driven rack (37) and the active rack (38).

4. A rooftop rainwater collection system capable of realizing source abandonment according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the inner surface of the box cover (34) is provided with a drainage plate (35). After the box cover (34) is opened, rainwater can flow into the water collecting box (31) under the guidance of the inner surface of the box cover (34) and the drainage plate (35). At this time, the inner surface of the box cover (34) serves as a second rain collecting surface.

5. A rooftop rainwater collection system capable of realizing source abandonment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The guide plate (35) is an arc-shaped cantilevered structure.

6. A rooftop rainwater collection system capable of realizing source abandonment according to claim 4, characterized in that: First curling edges (341) are fixedly connected to both sides of the inner surface of the box cover (34); the first curling edges (341) and the guide plate (35) form a U-shaped structure.

7. A rooftop rainwater collection system capable of realizing source abandonment according to claim 6, characterized in that: One end of the guide eave (36) is bent upward to form a second curling edge (361); when the box cover (34) is in a buckled state, the second curling edge (361) is arranged below the box cover (34), and the second curling edge (361), the first curling edge (341) and the guide plate (35) surround to form a circumferential surrounding structure.

8. The rooftop rainwater collection system capable of realizing source abandonment according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The rainwater collection module further comprises a protection unit (4), wherein the protection unit (4) comprises a side plate (41) and a protection plate (43), wherein the side plate (41) is fixedly connected to the photovoltaic support (21), and a guide groove (45) is provided on the side plate (41); one end of the protection plate (43) is connected to a swing arm (42), and the other end of the swing arm (42) is connected to a sliding shaft, and the sliding shaft is inserted into the guide groove (45) and can slide along the guide groove (45); the side plate (41) can also be rotatably connected to a driving arm (46), and one end of the driving arm (46) is connected to the swing arm (43). 2) hinged; the driving arm (46) is connected to a second driving mechanism; the protective plate (43) has two states, namely a protective state and a rain collecting state; in the protective state: the protective plate (43) can be flipped to the top of the photovoltaic panel (22), so that the photovoltaic panel (22) is completely covered by the bottom of the protective plate (43), thereby achieving protection; in the rain collecting state: the protective plate (43) is tilted to form an "eight"-shaped structure with the photovoltaic panel (22), and the protective plate (43) serves as a third rain collecting surface; one side of the protective unit (4) is also provided with the water collecting unit (3).

9. A method for using a rooftop rainwater collection system capable of achieving source disposal according to any one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Daily standby During periods of no rainfall or idleness, the cover (34) of the water collecting tank (31) is in a closed state, and the guide eaves (36) are stored under the cover (34), so that rainwater on the photovoltaic panels (22) cannot be received, thereby preventing debris from falling into the water collecting tank (31) during non-rainfall periods and polluting the internal environment; S2: Initial rainwater discharge After the rainfall begins, when the rainfall amount does not reach the set threshold, the box cover (34) remains in the buckled state, the guide eaves (36) remain in the storage position, and the initial rainwater flowing down the surface of the photovoltaic panel (22) directly drips along the edge of the photovoltaic panel (22) and cannot enter the water collection box (31), thereby achieving the abandonment of the initial rainwater; S3: Subsequent rainwater collection When the rainfall reaches the set flow abandonment threshold, the system automatically triggers the subsequent rainwater collection program; the first driving mechanism is started, driving the active connecting rod (333) to rotate, and the active connecting rod (333) pulls the box cover (34) to flip open through the hinged driven connecting rod (332); during the flipping process of the box cover (34), the hinge shaft at the end of the extension arm (331) connected to the driven connecting rod (332) moves in the slide groove (321) of the side plate (32), pushing the active rack (38) to slide, and the active rack (38) drives the gear (310) to rotate, and the gear (310) in turn drives the driven rack (37) to move, so that the diversion eaves (36) slide outward along the top of the water collection box (31), expand and extend to the bottom edge of the photovoltaic panel (22), and is used to receive and guide rainwater into the water collection box (31); At the same time, after the box cover (34) is opened, the internal drainage plate (35) and the inner surface of the box cover (34) together form a second rain collection surface, which can receive rainwater and flow into the water collection box (31) along the drainage plate (35) under the action of gravity.

10. A method for using a rooftop rainwater collection system capable of achieving source disposal as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: Also includes the following: In S1, the second driving mechanism is used to maintain the protective plate (43) and the photovoltaic panel (22) at an "eight"-shaped angle, serving as a third rain collection surface; In S2, the protective plate (43) maintains an eight-shaped rainwater collection state, receives rainwater on its own surface, forms initial rainwater runoff, and does not enter the water collection tank (31), thus achieving source drainage. S3 also includes multi-collection surface collaboration: When the rainfall reaches the set flow abandonment threshold, the system automatically triggers the subsequent rainwater collection program; the water collection unit (3) corresponding to the protective plate (43) starts to start, so that the guide eaves (36) in the water collection unit (3) extend below the bottom edge of the protective plate (43) to receive and guide the rainwater into the water collection tank (31); The photovoltaic panel (22) serves as a first rain collection surface: rainwater flows downward along the panel surface and is introduced into the corresponding water collection tank (31) through the front end of the guide eaves (36); The box cover (34) serves as a second rain collection surface: the inner surface of the turned box cover (34) receives rainwater and flows into the water collection box (31) through the drainage plate (35); The protective plate (43) serves as the third rain collection surface: the protective plate (43) maintains an eight-shaped structure, and rainwater on its surface is collected by another diversion eave (36), forming a "three-side confluence" collection mode; The invention also includes hail protection: when encountering hail weather, the second driving mechanism is started, the driving arm (46) rotates counterclockwise, driving the swing arm (42) to slide upward along the guide groove (45) of the side plate (41), pushing the protective plate (43) to flip from the figure eight shape to the top of the photovoltaic panel (22), and finally completely covering the surface of the photovoltaic panel (22), forming a fully protected state.

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