Method for killing, preventing and controlling alien species ampullaria gigas in riverway

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for killing, preventing and controlling alien species ampullaria gigas in a riverway, and relates to the technical field of alien species prevention and control. According to the distribution position of the detected ampullaria gigas, a plurality of positions where the number of the ampullaria gigas is large are selected for putting trapping cages, and bunchy aquatic plants are bound in the trapping cages through ropes; and feeding a certain proportion of natural enemy organisms of the ampullaria gigas into the trapping cage. The position, number and distribution of the ampullaria gigas are accurately recognized by using the unmanned aerial vehicle carrying the laser radar, the cost effectiveness is good, black carps are accurately put according to the volume of the trapping cage, resource waste caused by blind putting is avoided, the cost of the trapping cage and the bait is low, the overall cost is effectively controlled, natural enemies are put after trapping, the ampullaria gigas capturing and killing efficiency is greatly improved, and the economic benefit is high. The water quality and the aquatic plants are monitored regularly, the ecology is restored in time, the ecological balance recovery of the river channel is powerfully promoted, and a scientific, efficient and environment-friendly solution is provided for prevention and control of the ampullaria gigas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of alien species prevention and control, and in particular to a method for killing and controlling the alien species golden apple snail in rivers. Background Art

[0002] The golden apple snail is native to the Amazon River basin in South America. Due to its strong adaptability, rapid reproduction rate, and lack of natural enemies, it has become a disaster in many rivers. The golden apple snail is extremely harmful to aquatic plants, eating a large number of aquatic crops, seriously affecting agricultural production around the river. At the same time, the golden apple snail is also an intermediate host for parasites and pathogens. The parasites it carries, such as the Guangzhou roundworm, can cause serious health problems if they enter the human body through contact or accidental ingestion.

[0003] In the fields of agriculture and ecological environment, the golden apple snail, as an alien invasive species, has caused serious damage to the river ecosystem. It has strong reproductive ability and a wide range of food habits. It devours a large number of aquatic plants and algae, which seriously affects the living space of native aquatic organisms and the ecological balance of the river, leading to a series of problems such as eutrophication of water bodies. At present, one of the common methods to kill golden apple snails is to introduce its natural enemy, black carp, for biological control.

[0004] However, due to the huge differences in geographical conditions, watershed area, and distribution density of apple snails in different rivers, the required number of black carp is difficult to determine accurately. In actual operations, we can only roughly estimate the amount of black carp to be released based on experience. This leads to excessive release of black carp in smaller rivers, resulting in waste of resources and a significant increase in the cost of killing. In rivers with larger areas or high apple snail densities, the number of black carp may be insufficient, making it impossible to effectively control the apple snails, which greatly reduces the efficiency of killing and makes it difficult to achieve the expected ecological restoration and prevention and control effects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for killing and controlling the invasive species Golden Apple Snail in a river, so as to solve the technical problem that when killing and controlling the Golden Apple Snail in the river, the natural enemies of the Golden Apple Snail, such as black carp, are often introduced for killing. However, due to the inconsistent river area, the number of black carp required is also inconsistent, which not only increases the killing cost but also reduces the killing efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for killing and controlling the invasive species Golden Apple Snail in rivers, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Drone inspection: Utilizing drones and image recognition technology, drones equipped with laser radars are used to inspect river channels. Through remote transmission and system algorithms, the location, number, and distribution range of golden apple snails at the bottom of the river can be quickly and accurately identified. Integrating with the Geographic Information System (GIS), a distribution map of golden apple snails and specific point coordinates are generated on the terminal display, providing a basis for subsequent precise control and eradication.

[0008] S2. Placement of trapping cages: Based on the distribution of the detected golden apple snails, multiple locations with a large number of golden apple snails are selected for placement of trapping cages. The trapping cages are attached to the sidewalls of the river channel and placed deep into the water. Cages of different volumes can be selected based on the number of golden apple snails in the river channel.

[0009] S3. Bait preparation and placement: The staff first kneads the aquatic plants, then ties the two ends of the aquatic plants into a bundle using a connecting sleeve, and then ties the bundle of aquatic plants inside the trapping cage with a rope;

[0010] The aquatic plant can be made of duckweed, and the necks of multiple duckweeds are rubbed and tied together through a connecting sleeve;

[0011] Among them, certain nutrients can be added inside the trapping cage, wherein the nutrients are in a clumping structure that is not easy to loosen, which can enable the nutrients to slowly release nutrients inside the water body;

[0012] S4, trapping period: After the trapping cage is placed and the bait is placed, within one day, the golden apple snails continuously enter the trapping cage through the entrance at the bottom of the trapping cage and gradually attach themselves to aquatic plants or the inner wall of the trapping cage;

[0013] The trapping cage has an entrance at the bottom, and a check net is connected to the inner wall of the entrance, which is tilted downward. The check net is sewn and fixed to the trapping cage. The entrance opening is larger than the size of the golden apple snail and smaller than the size of the black carp, preventing the black carp from swimming out of the trapping cage through the entrance after being released.

[0014] The trapping cage is composed of multiple sets of frames and multiple sets of hollow nets, and each set of hollow nets is fixed between two sets of frames. The mesh diameter of the hollow net is smaller than the volume of the golden apple snail. Both ends of the top of the frame are fixed with fixing rings. The outer sides of the multiple sets of fixing rings are sleeved with fixing ropes. The fixing ropes are inserted into the ground through fixing plates, and a handle is fixed obliquely on one side of the top of the fixing plate.

[0015] The trapping cages can be installed in multiple groups along the river flow direction, and the length and width of the trapping cages can be customized according to site needs;

[0016] S5. Release natural enemies of the golden apple snail: According to the volume of the trapping cage, release a certain proportion of natural enemies of the golden apple snail, such as black carp, into the trapping cage. The selected black carp should be in the weight range of 1000g-2000g to kill the golden apple snail.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solutions, by using drones equipped with lidar and image recognition technology combined with the GIS system, the location, number and distribution of apple snails can be accurately identified, providing an accurate basis for prevention and control, with good cost-effectiveness. Black carp can be accurately released according to the volume of the trapping cage to avoid waste of resources caused by blind release. The cost of trapping cages and baits is low, which effectively controls the overall cost. In terms of efficient killing, natural enemies are first trapped and then released, which greatly improves the efficiency of capturing and killing apple snails, reduces the damage caused by excessive release of black carp or uncontrolled apple snails, regularly monitors water quality and aquatic plants, and promptly restores the ecology, which effectively promotes the restoration of river ecological balance, providing a scientific, efficient and environmentally friendly solution for apple snail prevention and control.

[0018] Furthermore, a plurality of groups of counterweight blocks are fixedly connected to the bottom of the trapping cage, and the counterweight blocks are fixed to the four corners of the bottom of the trapping cage with ropes.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the counterweight block plays a role in increasing the weight of the trapping cage, wherein the counterweight block can be a stone or a stainless steel metal block.

[0020] Furthermore, a protective cover can be installed on the top of the trapping cage, and ventilation holes are opened on the surface of the protective cover, and the protective cover is made of transparent plastic material.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the protective cover installed on the top can not only prevent the golden apple snails from escaping, but also prevent the black carp from escaping after being released and prevent foreign objects from entering the interior of the trapping cage. Specifically, the transparent plastic material used can increase the temperature of the water in the trapping cage to a certain extent under the sunlight during the day, thereby better trapping the golden apple snails.

[0022] In summary, the present invention mainly has the following beneficial effects: the present invention utilizes a drone equipped with a laser radar and image recognition technology in combination with a GIS system to accurately identify the location, number and distribution of golden apple snails, thereby providing an accurate basis for prevention and control, having good cost-effectiveness, accurately releasing black carp according to the volume of the trapping cage, avoiding waste of resources caused by blind release, and having low costs for trapping cages and baits, effectively controlling overall costs, and in terms of efficient killing, first trapping and then releasing natural enemies, greatly improving the efficiency of capturing and killing golden apple snails, reducing the harm caused by excessive release of black carp or uncontrolled golden apple snails, regularly monitoring water quality and aquatic plants, timely restoring the ecology, and effectively promoting the restoration of ecological balance in rivers, thereby providing a scientific, efficient and environmentally friendly solution for the prevention and control of golden apple snails. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the overall installation state of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the trapping cage of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the distribution of aquatic plants of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A.

[0027] In the figure: 1. River channel; 2. Water body; 3. Trapping cage; 301. Entrance; 302. Check net; 303. Frame; 304. Hollow net; 305. Fixing ring; 306. Fixing rope; 307. Fixing plate; 308. Handle; 4. Aquatic plants; 401. Connecting sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0029] The following describes an embodiment of the present invention based on its overall structure.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] A method for killing and controlling the invasive species golden apple snail in a river, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0032] Select drones with high-resolution cameras and stable flight performance, equipped with advanced detection laser radar and image recognition systems, to ensure that the drone's image transmission equipment can transmit the collected data to the control terminal in real time and stably;

[0033] At the same time, a sufficient number of trapping cages 3 are prepared. The trapping cages 3 are composed of a corrosion-resistant stainless steel frame 303 and a high-strength polyethylene hollow mesh 304. The size of the frame 303 can be customized according to actual needs. The mesh diameter of the hollow mesh 304 is smaller than the volume of the golden apple snail, about 0.5-1 cm. A large number of aquatic plants 4 are prepared, preferably duckweed, as well as auxiliary materials such as connecting sleeves 401, ropes, fixing ropes 306, fixing plates 307, handles 308, and counterweights. A certain number of black carp weighing 1000g-2000g as natural enemies of the golden apple snails are also prepared, and suitable transportation and delivery equipment is equipped;

[0034] Organize professional drone operators and provide them with special training on golden apple snail identification and river inspections. This will ensure they master drone operation techniques and the use of image recognition systems, enabling them to accurately identify golden apple snails and their distribution. Experienced ecological staff will be assigned to oversee the production of trapping cages, the preparation and placement of bait, the release of black carp, and subsequent monitoring. A number of auxiliary personnel will also be assigned to assist with the handling of equipment and materials, and on-site safety, ensuring the smooth implementation of the entire prevention and control work.

[0035] Drone inspection:

[0036] The drone is controlled to conduct a comprehensive inspection of target river channel 1 according to the predetermined flight route, maintaining a flight altitude of 5-10 meters to ensure clear images of the riverbed. The drone's onboard detection lidar scans the river channel in real time, obtaining preliminary data on the river channel topography and the distribution of golden apple snails. Image recognition technology quickly analyzes the captured images and, combined with system algorithms, accurately identifies the location, number, and distribution range of golden apple snails. By integrating with the geographic information system (GIS), the data is transmitted to the terminal display, generating a detailed golden apple snail distribution map and specific point coordinates. During the inspection process, if dense areas with golden apple snails or special terrain are encountered, the drone can lower its flight altitude to capture and mark key points, providing an accurate basis for subsequent precise prevention and control.

[0037] Trapping cage 3 is placed:

[0038] According to the distribution map of golden apple snails, select a location with a large number of golden apple snails and convenient operation to place the trapping cage 3. Before placement, select a trapping cage 3 of appropriate volume based on the actual conditions of the river 1, such as water flow speed and water depth. If the water flow is slow and the water depth is shallow, a smaller trapping cage 3 can be selected. If the water flow is turbulent and the water depth is deep, a larger trapping cage 3 with better stability can be selected.

[0039] Place the trapping cage 3 against the side wall of the river channel 1, pass the fixing rope 306 through the fixing ring 305 at the top of the frame 303, connect the other end of the fixing rope 306 to the fixing plate 307, and insert the fixing plate 307 into the ground through the handle 308 to ensure that the trapping cage 3 is firmly fixed;

[0040] When placing the trapping cages 3, be sure to place them deep inside the water body 2. Generally, the bottom of the trapping cages 3 should be flush with the bottom of the riverbed to ensure that the golden apple snails can enter the trapping cages 3 smoothly. Multiple groups of trapping cages 3 should be installed and distributed along the flow direction of the riverbed 1. The spacing between adjacent trapping cages 3 is determined based on the density of the golden apple snails and the riverbed conditions, and is generally 5-10 meters.

[0041] Bait making and placement:

[0042] The staff selected fresh Dalbergia tongue, rubbed and tied the necks of multiple Dalbergia tongue plants through the connecting sleeve 401 to form a bundle, and then used a rope to tie the bundle of aquatic plants inside the trapping cage 3 to ensure that the aquatic plants are evenly distributed in the trapping cage 3 and there is enough attachment space for the golden apple snails to inhabit;

[0043] At the same time, some lumpy nutrients that are not easy to loose, such as bean cake residue, can be prepared and placed in a suitable position inside the trapping cage 3, so that the nutrients can slowly release nutrients inside the water body 2 to further attract the golden apple snails. When placing the bait, care should be taken to avoid the bait blocking the entrance 301 of the trapping cage 3 or affecting the water flow in the trapping cage 3;

[0044] Trapping period:

[0045] Within 1-3 days after the trapping cage 3 is deployed and the bait is placed, the trapping situation should be closely observed. The golden apple snails will be attracted by the aquatic plants and nutrients, and will continuously enter the trapping cage 3 through the entrance 301 at the bottom of the trapping cage 3, and then gradually attach to the aquatic plants or the inner wall of the trapping cage 3. During this period, the staff can regularly check the trapping cage 3 to check the number and distribution of golden apple snails entering. However, care should be taken to avoid disturbing the golden apple snails, which may affect the trapping effect. If the trapping cage 3 is found to be damaged or misplaced, it should be repaired and adjusted in a timely manner.

[0046] Release natural enemies of golden apple snails:

[0047] According to the volume of the trapping cage 3, black carps weighing 1000g-2000g are placed into the trapping cage 3 according to a certain ratio. Generally, 1-2 black carps are placed per cubic meter of the trapping cage 3. When placing the black carps, care should be taken to avoid injuring the black carps. After placing the black carps, the activity of the black carps in the trapping cage 3 is observed to ensure that the black carps can normally prey on the golden apple snails. At the same time, the population changes of the golden apple snails in the trapping cage 3 are continuously monitored to evaluate the killing effect of the black carps. If the predation effect of the black carps is found to be poor, the number of black carps placed can be appropriately adjusted or the environment in the trapping cage 3 can be checked for problems, such as deteriorating water quality or narrow space, and corresponding measures can be taken in a timely manner.

[0048] Regular inspection and data recording:

[0049] Conduct a comprehensive inspection of the trapping cage 3 every 3-5 days, record the remaining number of golden apple snails, the health of the black carp, and the integrity of the trapping cage 3, use a counter to accurately count the number of golden apple snails, observe whether the black carp's swimming and feeding behavior are normal, check whether the frame 303 of the trapping cage 3 is deformed, and whether the hollow net 304 is damaged. Record the data of each inspection in detail in a special monitoring form, including date, time, trapping cage number, number of golden apple snails, black carp status, and other information, to facilitate subsequent analysis and evaluation of the prevention and control effect;

[0050] Trapping Cage 3 Maintenance and Adjustment:

[0051] If the trapping cage 3 is found to be damaged, it should be repaired or replaced in time. For deformed frames 303, tools should be used to correct them or replace them with new ones. For damaged hollow nets 304, mesh pieces of appropriate size should be cut to repair them. The position and layout of the trapping cage 3 should be adjusted in time according to the capture situation and distribution changes of golden apple snails. If the number of golden apple snails in a certain area decreases significantly, the number of trapping cages 3 in that area can be appropriately reduced or their positions can be adjusted to the dense area where golden apple snails have newly appeared. At the same time, the bait in the trapping cage 3 should be replenished and the amount of nutrients added should be adjusted as needed to maintain the continued attraction to golden apple snails.

[0052] Ecological environment monitoring and assessment:

[0053] Regularly monitor ecological and environmental indicators such as the water quality and aquatic plant growth of River 1. Collect water samples from different locations in River 1 to test parameters such as pH, dissolved oxygen, and nitrogen and phosphorus content. Observe changes in the types, quantity, and coverage of aquatic plants. By comparing ecological and environmental data before and after prevention and control, evaluate the impact of the control of golden apple snails on the river ecosystem. If water quality deterioration or abnormal aquatic plant growth is found, analyze the causes and implement corresponding ecological restoration measures, such as introducing beneficial microbial agents to improve water quality and planting native aquatic plants to restore vegetation, to ensure the balance and stability of the river ecosystem.

[0054] The killing and prevention method of the present invention is relatively the transmission killing and prevention method as shown in the following table

[0055]

[0056]

[0057] In a specific case study of the present invention's method for killing and controlling the invasive golden apple snail species in rivers, two rivers with similar golden apple snail infestation levels and ecological environment characteristics were selected, labeled River A and River B. River A employed traditional methods for controlling golden apple snails, primarily relying on biological control by stocking black carp after a rough estimate. River B employed the method of the present invention for control. Prior to implementation, detailed testing and recording of the initial number of golden apple snails, aquatic plant coverage, and key water quality indicators (such as dissolved oxygen and ammonia nitrogen content) in both rivers were performed.

[0058] During implementation, River A released a large number of black carp based on experience. However, because the actual distribution of golden apple snails in the river was not considered, some areas were overcrowded with black carp, while areas with dense golden apple snail populations were relatively undercrowded. River B first used drone inspections to accurately determine the distribution of golden apple snails, and then deployed trapping cages in the appropriate number and location. Bait was prepared and placed according to the process, and after luring the golden apple snails, black carp were accurately released based on the capacity of the trapping cages.

[0059] After a period of prevention and control operations (e.g., one month), the two rivers were tested and evaluated again. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2:

[0060]

[0061]

[0062] (Table 1)

[0063]

[0064] (Table 2)

[0065] Through the above experimental comparison, it can be clearly seen that the method for killing and controlling golden apple snails of the present invention has significant advantages in terms of accuracy of black carp release, killing cost control, killing efficiency improvement and ecological environment protection. It can more effectively solve the problem of golden apple snail infestation in rivers and promote the recovery and balance of river ecosystems.

[0066] Although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, this specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not a limitation of the invention. The specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in an appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications, substitutions and variations to the embodiment without creative contribution as needed without departing from the principles and purpose of the present invention. However, as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention, they are protected by patent law.

Claims

1. A method for killing and controlling the invasive species Golden Apple Snail in rivers, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. UAV inspection: Using UAV and image recognition technology, UAV equipped with laser radar can inspect the river. Through remote transmission and system algorithm, the location, number and distribution range of golden apple snails at the bottom of the river (1) can be quickly and accurately identified. By combining with geographic information system (GIS), the distribution map of golden apple snails and specific point coordinates can be generated on the terminal display, providing a basis for subsequent precise killing and prevention. S2. Placement of trapping cages: Based on the detected distribution of golden apple snails, multiple locations with a large number of golden apple snails are selected to place trapping cages (3), wherein the trapping cages (3) are attached to the sidewall of the river channel (1) and the trapping cages (3) are inserted deep into the water body (2). Trapping cages (3) of different volumes can be selected based on the number of golden apple snails in the river channel (1); S3. Bait preparation and placement: The staff first kneads the aquatic plants (4), then ties the two ends of the aquatic plants into a bundle through the connecting sleeve (401), and then ties the bundle of aquatic plants inside the trapping cage (3) with a rope; Among them, a certain amount of nutrients can be added inside the trapping cage (3), wherein the nutrients are in a non-loose aggregate structure, which can enable the nutrients to slowly release nutrients inside the water body (2); S4, trapping period: After the trapping cage (3) is placed and the bait is placed, within 1-3 days, the golden apple snails continuously enter the trapping cage (3) through the entrance (301) at the bottom of the trapping cage (3), and then gradually attach to the aquatic plants or the inner wall of the trapping cage (3); S5. Release of natural enemies of the golden apple snail: according to the volume of the trapping cage (3), a certain proportion of natural enemies of the golden apple snail, such as black carp, are released into the trapping cage (3), and the black carp selected are within the weight range of 1000g-2000g to kill the golden apple snail.

2. The method for killing and controlling the invasive species Golden Apple Snail in rivers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trapping cage (3) has an entrance (301) at the bottom, and an inner wall of the entrance (301) is connected with a check net (302) which is tilted downward, and the check net (302) and the trapping cage (3) are sutured and fixed.

3. The method for killing and controlling the invasive species Golden Apple Snail in rivers according to claim 2, characterized in that: The opening of the entrance (301) is larger than the volume of the golden apple snail and smaller than the volume of the black carp, so as to prevent the black carp from swimming out of the trapping cage (3) through the entrance (301) after being put into the trap.

4. The method for killing and controlling the invasive species Golden Apple Snail in rivers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trapping cage (3) is composed of multiple groups of frames (303) and multiple groups of hollow nets (304), and each group of hollow nets (304) is fixed between two groups of frames (303), and the mesh diameter of the hollow nets (304) is smaller than the volume of the golden apple snail.

5. The method for killing and controlling the invasive species Golden Apple Snail in rivers according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the top of the frame (303) are fixed with fixing rings (305), and the outer sides of multiple groups of the fixing rings (305) are sleeved with fixing ropes (306), and the fixing ropes (306) are inserted into the ground through the fixing plate (307), and a handle (308) is fixed obliquely on one side of the top of the fixing plate (307).

6. The method for killing and controlling the invasive species Golden Apple Snail in rivers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the trapping cage (3) is fixedly connected with a plurality of groups of counterweight blocks, and the counterweight blocks are fixed at the four corners of the bottom of the trapping cage (3) by ropes, wherein the counterweight blocks play a role in increasing the weight of the trapping cage (3).

7. The method for killing and controlling the invasive species Golden Apple Snail in rivers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aquatic plant can be made of Duckweed, and the necks of multiple Duckweed plants are rubbed and tied together through the connecting sleeve (401).

8. The method for killing and controlling the invasive species Golden Apple Snail in rivers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trapping cages (3) can be installed and distributed in multiple groups along the flow direction of the river (1), and the length and width of the trapping cages (3) can be customized according to on-site needs.

9. The method for killing and controlling the invasive species Golden Apple Snail in rivers according to claim 1, characterized in that: A protective cover can also be installed on the top of the trapping cage (3), and ventilation holes are provided on the surface of the protective cover, and the material of the protective cover is transparent plastic material.

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