Lithium target device for boron neutron capture therapy and heat exchange and dissipation method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of boron neutron capture therapy, in particular to a lithium target device for boron neutron capture therapy and a heat exchange and dissipation method, the lithium target device comprises a V-shaped substrate, an internal water cooling flow channel and a cover plate, the cover plate is arranged on one side of the V-shaped substrate, and the internal water cooling flow channel is arranged between the V-shaped substrate and the cover plate; the V-shaped substrate is made of a material with high heat-conducting property, is V-shaped, and forms an included angle with the bombardment direction of a proton beam, so that the distribution of thermal deposition on a target surface can be effectively controlled, the influence of proton scattering can be reduced, and the target efficiency is improved to the greatest extent; when a proton beam led out by an accelerator bombards a target surface, cooling water is uniformly input into the internal water-cooling flow channel arranged between the V-shaped substrate and the cover plate, and the cooling water is divided and flows in the internal water-cooling flow channel, so that the optimal fin efficiency is achieved, and the optimal heat exchange performance of a target system is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of boron neutron capture therapy, and in particular to a lithium target device for boron neutron capture therapy and a heat exchange and heat dissipation method. Background Art

[0002] Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a binary, targeted, cellular-level precision radiotherapy modality based on the neutron capture reaction, combining radiation and drugs. It combines the advantages of both biological targeting and heavy ion radiotherapy. High-energy alpha particles and 7Li are produced when the isotope 10B, which is enriched in tumor tissue, captures thermal neutrons. These particles ionize tumor cells, causing irreparable double-strand DNA damage to biological organisms and cellular macromolecules, leading to apoptosis or necrosis of tumor cells, while effectively protecting surrounding normal tissue. Conventional photon radiotherapy and proton and heavy ion radiotherapy require multiple, up to 30, irradiation sessions of the tumor lesion, while BNCT typically requires only one or two sessions, resulting in a significantly shorter treatment course. The indications of BNCT are mainly invasive, multiple, recurrent, radiation-resistant, and inoperable malignant tumors that cannot be effectively treated by other radiotherapy methods. The core component of this treatment device involved in this patent is the neutron target, which is a device used to generate neutrons. Generally, the neutron beam generated by bombarding a lithium (beryllium) target with a proton beam (or deuterium beam) is used for treatment. How to dissipate heat efficiently is a key issue that restricts the long-term operation of the target system.

[0003] In the existing technology, a simple water-cooling structure is usually used, which cannot effectively dissipate heat for the lithium target device. When a high-power accelerator is used, a large amount of heat energy is released when the proton beam interacts with the target material, causing the temperature of the target surface and its supporting structure to rise rapidly. Excessive temperature will lead to a decrease in the stability of the lithium target device and cause system failure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a lithium target device for boron neutron capture therapy and a heat exchange and heat dissipation method, so as to solve the problem that the simple water cooling structure commonly used in the prior art cannot effectively dissipate heat for the lithium target device; when a high-power accelerator is used, a large amount of heat energy is released when the proton beam interacts with the target material, which will cause the temperature of the target surface and its supporting structure to rise rapidly. Excessive temperature will lead to a decrease in the stability of the lithium target device and cause system failure.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a lithium target device for boron neutron capture therapy, comprising a V-shaped base, an internal water-cooling channel and a cover plate, wherein the cover plate is arranged on one side of the V-shaped base, and the internal water-cooling channel is arranged between the V-shaped base and the cover plate.

[0006] The V-shaped substrate includes a V-shaped copper substrate and a V-shaped lithium target. The cover plate is arranged on one side of the V-shaped copper substrate, and the V-shaped lithium target is arranged on the surface of the V-shaped copper substrate.

[0007] Among them, the internal water-cooling flow channel includes multiple flow channel bodies, multiple cooling water inlets, multiple cooling water outlets and fin mechanisms, the cover plate has multiple grooves, and multiple flow channel bodies are respectively arranged inside the corresponding grooves. Multiple cooling water inlets are respectively connected to one end of the corresponding flow channel body, and multiple cooling water outlets are respectively connected to the other end of the corresponding flow channel body. The fin mechanism is arranged on multiple flow channel bodies.

[0008] Among them, the fin mechanism includes multiple short fins and multiple long fins, the flow channel body has multiple cooling water channels and multiple slots, the multiple short fins are respectively arranged inside the corresponding slots, and the multiple long fins are respectively arranged between adjacent flow channel bodies.

[0009] The present invention also provides a method for heat exchange and heat dissipation of a lithium target for boron neutron capture therapy, which uses the above-mentioned lithium target device for boron neutron capture therapy and includes the following steps:

[0010] The accelerator emits a proton beam to bombard the lithium target, causing a nuclear reaction, causing the lithium target and the V-shaped substrate to begin to heat up;

[0011] Input cooling water from the cooling water inlet;

[0012] Cooling water flows through the plurality of cooling water channels in the flow channel body;

[0013] The short fins and the long fins are cooled;

[0014] The cooling water is discharged from the cooling water outlet to complete the cooling.

[0015] The present invention provides a lithium target device for boron neutron capture therapy and a heat exchange and heat dissipation method. The V-shaped base is made of a material with high thermal conductivity and is designed to be V-shaped, forming an angle with the bombardment direction of the proton beam. This not only effectively controls the distribution of heat deposition on the target surface, but also reduces the influence of proton scattering, thereby maximizing target efficiency. When the proton beam drawn out from the accelerator bombards the target surface, the internal water-cooling flow channel arranged between the V-shaped base and the cover plate evenly inputs cooling water and diverts the cooling water internally to achieve optimal fin efficiency and realize optimal heat exchange performance of the target system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a lithium target device for boron neutron capture therapy according to the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 1 is a diagram showing the internal structure of the cover plate of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 The present invention Figure 2 A magnified view of the local structure at point A.

[0020] Figure 4 The present invention Figure 2 A magnified view of the local structure at point B.

[0021] Figure 5 The present invention is a flowchart of the steps of the lithium target heat exchange and heat dissipation method for boron neutron capture therapy.

[0022] 1-cover plate, 2-V-shaped copper base, 3-V-shaped lithium target, 4-flow channel body, 5-cooling water inlet, 6-cooling water outlet, 7-groove, 8-short fin, 9-long fin, 10-cooling water flow channel, 11-slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0024] See also Figures 1 to 4 The present invention provides a lithium target device for boron neutron capture therapy, including a V-shaped base, an internal water-cooling channel and a cover plate 1. The V-shaped base includes a V-shaped copper base 2 and a V-shaped lithium target 3. The internal water-cooling channel includes multiple channel bodies 4, multiple cooling water inlets 5, multiple cooling water outlets 6 and a fin mechanism. The cover plate 1 has multiple grooves 7, the fin mechanism includes multiple short fins 8 and multiple long fins 9, and the channel body 4 has multiple cooling water channels 10 and multiple slots 11.

[0025] The cover plate 1 is disposed on one side of the V-shaped base, and the internal water-cooling channel is disposed between the V-shaped base and the cover plate 1. The V-shaped base is made of a material with high thermal conductivity and is designed to be V-shaped, forming an angle with the bombardment direction of the proton beam. This not only effectively controls the distribution of heat deposition on the target surface, but also reduces the impact of proton scattering, thereby maximizing target efficiency. When the proton beam drawn out from the accelerator bombards the target surface, the internal water-cooling channel disposed between the V-shaped base and the cover plate 1 evenly inputs cooling water and diverts the cooling water internally to achieve optimal fin efficiency and achieve optimal heat exchange performance of the target system.

[0026] Secondly, the cover plate 1 is arranged on one side of the V-shaped copper substrate 2, and the V-shaped lithium target 3 is arranged on the surface of the V-shaped copper substrate 2. The V-shaped copper substrate 2 supports the V-shaped lithium target 3. When the proton beam drawn from the accelerator bombards the target surface, a 7Li(p,n)7Be nuclear reaction occurs. During this process, the high beam power carried by the proton beam is almost entirely converted into heat energy and deposited inside the lithium target and on the upper surface of its supporting substrate. Subsequently, the upper surface of the substrate will rapidly heat up. According to Fourier's law of heat conduction, the heat transfer rate is proportional to the thermal conductivity of the material. The substrate can effectively diffuse heat to its lower surface.

[0027] At the same time, the cover plate 1 has multiple grooves 7, and the multiple flow channel bodies 4 are respectively arranged inside the corresponding grooves 7. The multiple cooling water inlets 5 are respectively connected to one end of the corresponding flow channel body 4, and the multiple cooling water outlets 6 are respectively connected to the other end of the corresponding flow channel body 4. The fin mechanism is arranged on the multiple flow channel bodies 4. The cover plate 1 protects and supports the bottom of the V-shaped base; when cooling: cooling water flows in evenly through the cooling water inlet 5 on the side of the V-shaped lithium target 3, and under the action of the fin mechanism, the thermal contact surface of the cooling medium becomes larger. At the same time, due to the reduction of the local cross-sectional area of the cooling water channel, the cooling water flow rate is significantly improved; since the cooling water temperature rises and is discharged from the cooling water outlet 6, and the position, number and shape of the cooling water outlet 6 will affect the flow characteristics and heat exchange efficiency of the fluid, in order to ensure that the cooling water can flow evenly through the lower surface of the V-shaped copper base 2, local overheating and flow dead zones are avoided; this application makes the cooling water outlet 6 correspond one-to-one with the cooling water inlet 5, and divides the cooling water evenly through the fin mechanism, so that the cooling water can flow directly from the outlet after carrying heat, reducing the flow resistance and the influence of heat exchange efficiency on heat dissipation.

[0028] In addition, the flow channel body 4 has a plurality of cooling water flow channels 10 and a plurality of slots 11 , a plurality of the short fins 8 are respectively arranged inside the corresponding slots 11 , and a plurality of the long fins 9 are respectively arranged between adjacent flow channel bodies 4 . The flow channel body 4 of the V-shaped lithium target 3 is divided into 8 fluid bodies by 6 sections of long fins 9, each of which has its own independent water inlet and outlet pipes. The fluid body contains multiple short fins 8 with uniform spacing to play a diversion role. According to the principles of fluid dynamics, an increase in flow velocity can increase the turbulence of the fluid, thereby enhancing the heat exchange between the fluid and the solid surface. Therefore, the present application arranges multiple short fins 8 in the flow channel body 4 to divide the water flow, thereby increasing the flow velocity. The increase in flow velocity also helps to reduce the thickness of the thermal boundary layer, which can significantly improve the efficiency of heat transfer from the lower surface of the copper substrate to the cooling water. The turbulence is also enhanced by changing the flow direction and velocity distribution to achieve optimal fin efficiency and realize the optimal heat exchange performance of the target system. In addition, the long fins 9 and the short fins 8 adopt a rectangular cross-section design, so that the overall wall pressure is uniform and a small flow resistance is guaranteed. The arrangement adopts a uniform distribution so that the flow rate of each flow channel body 4 is basically consistent, which is conducive to improving the controllability of water cooling performance.

[0029] When using a lithium target device for boron neutron capture therapy according to this embodiment, the V-shaped base is made of a material with high thermal conductivity and is designed to be V-shaped, forming an angle with the bombardment direction of the proton beam. This not only effectively controls the distribution of heat deposition on the target surface, but also reduces the influence of proton scattering, thereby maximizing the target efficiency. When the proton beam drawn out from the accelerator bombards the target surface, the internal water-cooling channel arranged between the V-shaped base and the cover plate 1 evenly inputs cooling water and divides the cooling water internally to achieve optimal fin efficiency and achieve optimal heat exchange performance of the target system. In addition, in order to ensure the heat dissipation effect and long-term stable operation of the system, the cooling water adopts a closed-loop circulation method, and is cooled by the heat exchange equipment and then returned to the internal water-cooling channel. Therefore, the entire cooling system ensures that the lithium target sheet is always within a safe operating temperature range through flow rate optimization and thermodynamic design, thereby improving the operating efficiency and service life of the lithium target device.

[0030] See also Figure 5 The present invention also provides a lithium target heat exchange and heat dissipation method for boron neutron capture therapy, comprising the following steps:

[0031] S1: The accelerator emits a proton beam to bombard the lithium target, causing a nuclear reaction, causing the lithium target and the V-shaped substrate to begin to heat up;

[0032] S2: Input cooling water from the cooling water inlet 5;

[0033] S3: Cooling water flows through the plurality of cooling water channels in the flow channel body 4;

[0034] S4: The short fins 8 and the long fins 9 are cooled;

[0035] S5: The cooling water is discharged from the cooling water outlet 6 to complete the cooling.

[0036] Among them, the accelerator draws out a proton beam to bombard the lithium target, causing a nuclear reaction, causing the lithium target and the V-shaped base to start heating up; cooling water is input from the cooling water inlet 5; the cooling water flows through the multiple cooling water channels in the flow channel body 4; the short fins 8 and the long fins 9 are cooled; and the cooling water is discharged from the cooling water outlet 6 to complete the cooling.

[0037] The above disclosure is merely one or more preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application. A person skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes of the above embodiments and equivalent changes made in accordance with the claims of the present application are still within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A lithium target device for boron neutron capture therapy, characterized in that: The invention comprises a V-shaped base, an internal water-cooling channel and a cover plate. The cover plate is arranged on one side of the V-shaped base, and the internal water-cooling channel is arranged between the V-shaped base and the cover plate.

2. The lithium target device for boron neutron capture therapy according to claim 1, wherein: The V-shaped substrate includes a V-shaped copper substrate and a V-shaped lithium target. The cover plate is arranged on one side of the V-shaped copper substrate, and the V-shaped lithium target is arranged on the surface of the V-shaped copper substrate.

3. The lithium target device for boron neutron capture therapy according to claim 2, wherein: The internal water-cooling channel includes multiple channel bodies, multiple cooling water inlets, multiple cooling water outlets and a fin mechanism. The cover plate has multiple grooves. The multiple channel bodies are respectively arranged inside the corresponding grooves. The multiple cooling water inlets are respectively connected to one end of the corresponding channel body, and the multiple cooling water outlets are respectively connected to the other end of the corresponding channel body. The fin mechanism is arranged on the multiple channel bodies.

4. The lithium target device for boron neutron capture therapy according to claim 3, wherein: The fin mechanism includes multiple short fins and multiple long fins. The flow channel body has multiple cooling water channels and multiple slots. The multiple short fins are respectively arranged inside the corresponding slots, and the multiple long fins are respectively arranged between adjacent flow channel bodies.

5. A method for heat exchange and heat dissipation of a lithium target for boron neutron capture therapy, using the lithium target device for boron neutron capture therapy as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The steps include: The accelerator emits a proton beam to bombard the lithium target, causing a nuclear reaction, causing the lithium target and the V-shaped substrate to begin to heat up; Input cooling water from the cooling water inlet; Cooling water flows through the plurality of cooling water channels in the flow channel body; The short fins and the long fins are cooled and cooled; the cooling water is discharged from the cooling water outlet to complete the cooling.

Images