Infusion control method and system and storage medium

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides an infusion control method and system and a storage medium. The method comprises the steps that infusion liquid medicine information is obtained; real-time infusion information is obtained through the monitoring module; acquiring pathological information of the patient; determining a preset infusion speed of the patient according to the pathological information; determining the optimal infusion speed of the patient according to the preset infusion speed and the expected infusion speed; controlling an adjusting module to adjust a flow regulator of the infusion apparatus according to the real-time infusion speed information and the optimal infusion speed; under the condition that the bubble information represents that the first volume of the first bubble is greater than a second threshold value, bubble removal information is generated; under the condition that the blood backflow information represents that the blood flows back, a backflow reason is obtained, and backflow treatment is conducted according to the backflow reason. The infusion process of a patient can be monitored and processed in real time, and blood backflow and bubbles are prevented from affecting infusion of the patient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to, but is not limited to, the field of infusion control technology, and in particular to an infusion control method, system, and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] An infusion set is a common medical device used for intravenous infusion. Through the action of atmospheric pressure, the liquid in the bottle flows into the drip chamber along a thinner infusion hose. When the water column pressure in the drip chamber is greater than the venous pressure, the liquid in the bottle flows along the hose into the vein.

[0003] Existing infusion devices require medical staff to patrol when the patient is receiving an infusion. If the medical staff does not patrol in time, once the patient falls asleep or is not paying attention, after the medicine is completely infused, blood will flow back into the infusion tube along the needle, which can easily cause harm to the patient. In addition, during the infusion, blood backflow caused by blockage or the patient's own reasons, as well as bubbles generated, cannot be handled in time, thereby affecting the patient's infusion. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The following is a summary of the subject matter described in detail herein. This summary is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

[0005] The main purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an infusion control method, system and storage medium, which can monitor and process the patient's infusion process in real time to prevent blood backflow and bubbles from affecting the patient's infusion.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an infusion control method, comprising:

[0007] Acquire infusion solution information, wherein the infusion solution information represents the composition information of the solution and the expected infusion speed of the solution;

[0008] Acquiring real-time infusion information through the monitoring module, wherein the real-time infusion information represents the volume information of the medicine solution, the real-time infusion speed information, the blood backflow information and the bubble information;

[0009] Acquiring pathological information of the patient, where the pathological information represents the patient's medical information and / or physiological information acquired by a physiological monitoring module;

[0010] determining a preset infusion rate for the patient based on the pathological information;

[0011] determining an optimal infusion rate for the patient based on the preset infusion rate and the desired infusion rate;

[0012] adjusting a flow regulator of the infusion device according to the real-time infusion speed information and the optimal infusion speed control and adjustment module so that the infusion speed indicated by the real-time infusion speed information is equal to the optimal infusion speed;

[0013] An infusion processing strategy is determined according to the real-time infusion information, wherein the infusion processing strategy includes a near-end treatment, an air bubble treatment, and a blood backflow treatment.

[0014] In some optional embodiments, determining the infusion processing strategy based on the real-time infusion information includes:

[0015] When the medicine volume information indicates that the medicine volume is less than the first threshold, generating dressing change information or needle removal information to the monitoring terminal so that medical staff can change the dressing or remove the needle;

[0016] When the bubble information indicates that the first volume of the first bubble is greater than a second threshold, generating bubble clearing information to enable a bubble clearing module to clear the first bubble;

[0017] In the case where the blood backflow information indicates that blood backflow has occurred, a backflow cause is obtained, and backflow processing is performed according to the backflow cause.

[0018] When the medicine volume information indicates that the medicine volume is less than the first threshold, generating dressing change information or needle removal information to the monitoring terminal so that medical staff can change the dressing or remove the needle;

[0019] When the bubble information indicates that the first volume of the first bubble is greater than a second threshold, generating bubble clearing information to enable a bubble clearing module to clear the first bubble;

[0020] In the case where the blood backflow information indicates that blood backflow has occurred, a backflow cause is obtained, and backflow processing is performed according to the backflow cause.

[0021] In some optional embodiments, the monitoring module includes an infrared monitoring unit and a visual monitoring unit, and obtaining real-time infusion information through the monitoring module includes:

[0022] Acquiring the liquid medicine capacity information through the infrared monitoring unit;

[0023] The real-time infusion speed information, the blood backflow information and the bubble information are obtained through the visual monitoring unit.

[0024] In some optional embodiments, obtaining the liquid medicine capacity information through the infrared monitoring unit includes:

[0025] sending a first infrared light to the infusion bottle of the infusion set through the infrared monitoring unit;

[0026] receiving the second infrared light reflected by the infusion bottle through the infrared monitoring unit;

[0027] Obtaining an environmental interference coefficient between the infrared monitoring unit and the infusion bottle;

[0028] Correcting a preset capacity detection model according to the environmental interference coefficient to obtain a corrected capacity detection model, wherein the preset capacity detection model represents a model for calculating the volume of the liquid medicine according to the first infrared light and the second infrared light;

[0029] The medicine volume information is obtained by inputting the first infrared light and the second infrared light into the modified volume detection model.

[0030] In some optional embodiments, obtaining the real-time infusion speed information, the blood backflow information, and the bubble information through the visual monitoring unit includes:

[0031] Obtaining, by means of the visual monitoring unit, a dripping frequency of the medicine in the dripping bucket of the infusion tube, wherein the infusion tube is connected to the infusion bottle;

[0032] Determining the real-time infusion speed information according to the medicine dripping frequency;

[0033] Acquiring the blood backflow information at the needle end of the infusion tube through the visual monitoring unit;

[0034] The bubble information on the infusion tube is obtained through the visual monitoring unit.

[0035] In some optional embodiments, obtaining the bubble information on the infusion tube through the visual monitoring unit includes:

[0036] acquiring a first image on the infusion tube by the visual monitoring unit;

[0037] Preprocessing the first image to obtain a second image, wherein the preprocessing includes grayscale conversion, filtering, and histogram equalization;

[0038] Marking the bubble outline in the second image by edge detection algorithm and morphological operation;

[0039] Segmenting the bubble outline from the second image using a threshold segmentation method to obtain a target bubble;

[0040] determining target area information of the target bubble according to the bubble outline;

[0041] determining target volume information of the target bubble according to the target area information;

[0042] determining target position information of the target bubble according to the coordinates of the bubble outline in the second image;

[0043] The target bubble, the target volume information, and the target position information are configured as the bubble information.

[0044] In some optional embodiments, the bubble removal module includes an electromagnetic adsorption unit, the electromagnetic adsorption unit is slidably connected to an infusion support rod, a first end of the infusion support rod is connected to an infusion bottle, and the liquid medicine in the infusion bottle is added with magnetic nanoparticles. Generating bubble removal information to enable the bubble removal module to remove the first bubble includes:

[0045] determining a first position and a first volume of the first bubble according to the bubble information;

[0046] controlling the electromagnetic adsorption unit to move a first distance in a second direction according to the first position, so that the electromagnetic adsorption unit and the first bubble are in the same plane in the first direction;

[0047] controlling the electromagnetic power of the electromagnetic adsorption unit according to the first volume;

[0048] The electromagnetic adsorption unit is controlled to move a second distance in the second direction, so that after the electromagnetic adsorption unit adsorbs the magnetic nanoparticles, the first bubble is driven to move the second distance along the infusion tube in the second direction and then the first bubble is removed. The electromagnetic adsorption unit has the electromagnetic power, and the first bubble enters the drip bucket or the infusion bottle after moving the second distance.

[0049] In some optional embodiments, obtaining the backflow cause and performing backflow processing according to the backflow cause includes:

[0050] Acquire a first height from the infusion bottle to the needle on the infusion tube, where the first height is detected by the monitoring module;

[0051] When the first height is less than a preset height, the backflow cause is configured as the height of the infusion bottle being too low, and the infusion support rod is controlled to rise to a second height along a second direction so that the first height is greater than or equal to the preset height;

[0052] When the first height is greater than or equal to a preset height, detecting blockage information of the infusion tube by the monitoring module;

[0053] If the blockage information indicates that the infusion tube is twisted, folded, and / or contains foreign matter, the cause of backflow is configured as infusion tube blockage, and blockage information is generated to the monitoring terminal so that medical personnel can straighten the infusion tube or replace the infusion tube;

[0054] When the blockage information indicates that the infusion tube is not twisted, folded, or has no foreign matter, the pathological information is obtained; when the pathological information indicates cardiac insufficiency and / or elevated venous pressure in the patient, abnormal pathological information is generated and sent to the monitoring terminal so that medical personnel can perform treatment;

[0055] When the pathological information indicates that the pathology is normal, abnormal infusion information is generated and sent to the monitoring terminal so that medical staff can handle the abnormality.

[0056] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a controller comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the infusion control method described in the first aspect when executing the computer program.

[0057] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an infusion control system, comprising the controller involved in the second aspect above.

[0058] In a fourth aspect, a computer storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, wherein the computer-executable instructions are used to execute the infusion control method described in the first aspect.

[0059] The beneficial effects of the present invention include: when the infusion control instruction is obtained, the present invention obtains infusion solution information, the infusion solution information represents the composition information of the solution and the expected infusion speed of the solution; obtains real-time infusion information through the monitoring module, the real-time infusion information represents the solution volume information, real-time infusion speed information, blood backflow information and bubble information; obtains the patient's pathological information, the pathological information represents the patient's medical information and / or physiological information obtained through the physiological monitoring module; determines the patient's preset infusion speed according to the pathological information; determines the patient's optimal infusion speed according to the preset infusion speed and the expected infusion speed; and determines the patient's optimal infusion speed according to the real-time infusion speed. The liquid speed information and the optimal infusion speed control and adjustment module adjust the flow regulator of the infusion device so that the infusion speed indicated by the real-time infusion speed information is equal to the optimal infusion speed; when the medicine volume information indicates that the medicine volume is less than a first threshold, a dressing change message or a needle removal message is generated to the monitoring terminal so that the medical staff can change the dressing or remove the needle; when the bubble information indicates that the first volume of the first bubble is greater than a second threshold, a bubble removal message is generated so that the bubble removal module can remove the first bubble; when the blood backflow information indicates that blood backflow occurs, the cause of the backflow is obtained and the backflow treatment is performed according to the cause of the backflow. By automatically obtaining the infusion medicine information and the real-time infusion information and determining the corresponding optimal infusion speed according to the pathology, the flow regulator of the infusion device is adjusted so that the patient is at the optimal infusion speed, and corresponding treatment is performed based on the bubble information, the medicine volume and the blood backflow information, thereby promptly handling abnormal conditions and ensuring normal infusion of the patient. Therefore, the present application can monitor and process the patient's infusion process in real time to prevent blood backflow and bubbles from affecting the patient's infusion.

[0060] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the description, or will be understood by practicing the present invention. The purposes and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures particularly pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0061] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the steps of an infusion control method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 2 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an infusion set provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a controller provided by one embodiment of the present invention.

[0064] Reference numerals: controller 1000 , processor 1100 , memory 1200 ;

[0065] Infusion support rod 100, visual monitoring unit 110, electromagnetic adsorption unit 120;

[0066] Infusion bottle 200 , infrared monitoring unit 210 , infusion tube 220 , drip bucket 221 , flow regulator 222 , and regulating module 230 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0068] It should be noted that although the device schematics illustrate functional module divisions and the flowcharts illustrate logical sequences, in certain circumstances, the steps shown or described may be performed in a sequence that differs from the module divisions in the device or the sequence in the flowcharts. The terms "first," "second," and the like in the specification, claims, or accompanying drawings are used to distinguish similar items and are not necessarily used to describe a specific sequence or precedence.

[0069] An infusion set is a common medical device used for intravenous infusion. Through the action of atmospheric pressure, the liquid in the bottle flows into the drip chamber along a thinner infusion hose. When the water column pressure in the drip chamber is greater than the venous pressure, the liquid in the bottle flows along the hose into the vein.

[0070] Existing infusion devices require medical staff to patrol when the patient is receiving an infusion. If the medical staff does not patrol in time, once the patient falls asleep or is not paying attention, after the medicine is completely infused, blood will flow back into the infusion tube along the needle, which can easily cause harm to the patient. In addition, during the infusion, blood backflow caused by blockage or the patient's own reasons, as well as bubbles generated, cannot be handled in time, thereby affecting the patient's infusion.

[0071] To solve the above-mentioned problems, the present application provides an infusion control method, system and storage medium.

[0072] In the present application, an infusion control method, system and storage medium are provided, which are described in detail one by one in the following embodiments.

[0073] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an infusion control method, comprising:

[0074] S100: Acquire infusion solution information, where the infusion solution information represents the composition information of the solution and the expected infusion speed of the solution.

[0075] It is important to note that information related to infusion solutions is obtained, which details the ingredients contained in the solution and the expected infusion rate set based on the characteristics of the drug and general treatment needs. For example, certain antibiotics require a specific infusion rate to ensure efficacy and reduce adverse reactions.

[0076] Specific infusion solution information can be obtained by entering the following methods:

[0077] When preparing an infusion, medical staff manually enter the medication's ingredients and desired infusion rate into the hospital's information management system, based on the information labeled on the vial or bag. This information is then linked to the patient's medical history to create a complete infusion file. For example, in a hospital's commonly used electronic medical record (EMR) system, when a nurse prescribes an infusion for a patient, they open the patient's medical record page and accurately fill in detailed information such as the medication name, ingredients, specifications, and desired infusion rate in the infusion-related module.

[0078] Before administering an IV, nurses use a specialized scanner (such as a scanner gun or a mobile device with scanning capabilities) to scan the barcode or QR code. The scanner reads the information and automatically transmits it to the patient's infusion record via a data interface with the hospital information system.

[0079] RFID (radio frequency identification) tags are embedded in drug packaging, storing detailed information about the medication. When a drug with an RFID tag enters a designated reading area, the RFID reader automatically identifies and reads the tag information, then transmits this information to the hospital's information management system. For example, an RFID reader could be installed at a pharmacy dispensing area or in a ward's infusion preparation area. When a nurse approaches with medication, the system automatically retrieves the infusion information.

[0080] When a drug enters the hospital inventory, the hospital's information management system interacts with the supplier's database to directly obtain detailed information about the drug, including the composition of the solution, the expected infusion rate, etc.

[0081] Through the above methods, infusion solution information can be accurately and efficiently obtained, providing data support for subsequent adjustment of infusion speed according to the patient's pathological information and achieving safe and effective infusion treatment. The specific method of obtaining infusion solution information is not limited here.

[0082] S200 , obtaining real-time infusion information through a monitoring module, wherein the real-time infusion information represents medicine volume information, real-time infusion speed information, blood backflow information, and bubble information.

[0083] Specifically, refer to Figure 2With the help of the monitoring module, the hospital's information management system collects key data during the infusion process in real time, including the current remaining volume of the medicine, the actual infusion speed, whether blood backflow occurs, and the bubble situation in the infusion tube 220, etc., reflecting the actual status of the infusion in real time.

[0084] In some optional embodiments, the monitoring module may obtain the liquid medicine capacity information in the following manner:

[0085] A weight sensor is installed on the infusion hanger. During the infusion process, as the amount of medicine decreases, the weight of the infusion bottle 200 or the infusion bag decreases accordingly. The weight sensor monitors this weight change in real time and converts it into an electrical signal for transmission to the control module. The control module calculates the remaining capacity of the medicine based on pre-set parameters such as the density of the medicine and the initial weight of the infusion bottle 200 (bag). For example, for a bottle of medicine with an initial weight of 500 grams (including the bottle weight of 100 grams and the medicine weight of 400 grams), assuming the medicine density is 1 gram / ml, when the weight sensor detects that the total weight has become 350 grams (including the bottle weight of 100 grams), the control module can calculate that 150 ml of medicine has been infused and 250 ml of medicine remains.

[0086] Liquid level sensor technology: A liquid level sensor, such as a photoelectric or capacitive level sensor, is installed on the infusion bottle 200 (bag). Photoelectric level sensors use the differences in the refraction and reflection properties of light in air and liquid to detect liquid level. When the liquid level drops to a certain level, the light propagation path changes, altering the optical signal received by the sensor. This information is then converted into an electrical signal and transmitted to the monitoring module. Capacitive level sensors, based on the principle of capacitance, detect changes in capacitance caused by liquid level fluctuations to obtain liquid level information, thereby determining the volume of the solution.

[0087] Infrared detection method: An infrared emitting device emits a steady beam of infrared light toward the infusion bottle 200 (bag). The wavelength, intensity, and other parameters of this beam are carefully selected and set to ensure it effectively penetrates the infusion bottle 200 (bag) and the liquid medicine, while also producing detectable changes in different liquid medicine volumes.

[0088] Infrared Light Propagation and Absorption: As infrared light passes through the infusion bottle 200 (bag) and the solution, the solution absorbs and scatters some of the infrared light. As the solution volume decreases, the path the infrared light travels through the solution shortens, and the degree of absorption and scattering decreases accordingly. When the solution volume is high, the infrared light intensity reaching the infrared receiver is relatively weak after absorption and scattering by the solution. When the solution volume is low, the infrared light intensity reaching the infrared receiver is relatively strong. The infrared receiver receives the infrared light after passing through the infusion bottle 200 (bag) and the solution and converts it into an electrical signal. The intensity of this electrical signal is proportional to the intensity of the received infrared light. Therefore, changes in the electrical signal indirectly reflect changes in the solution volume. The received electrical signal is typically weak and may contain noise and other interfering information. The control module's signal processing circuit amplifies and filters this electrical signal to remove noise and improve signal quality. The processed electrical signal intensity is then converted into solution volume information using a pre-established mathematical model or calibration curve. The mathematical model or calibration curve is obtained by measuring and analyzing the electrical signal output by the infrared receiving device under different potion volumes, and it can accurately reflect the corresponding relationship between the electrical signal and the potion volume.

[0089] In some optional embodiments, the monitoring module includes an infrared monitoring unit 210 and a visual monitoring unit 110, and obtaining real-time infusion information through the monitoring module includes: obtaining the medicine volume information through the infrared monitoring unit 210; obtaining the real-time infusion speed information, the blood backflow information and the bubble information through the visual monitoring unit 110.

[0090] Specifically, infrared monitoring unit 210 operates primarily based on the propagation characteristics of infrared light in different media. The infrared emitting device of infrared monitoring unit 210 emits infrared light toward infusion bottle 200 (bag). When the infrared light passes through infusion bottle 200 (bag) and the liquid medicine inside, the infrared light intensity received by infrared receiving device of infrared monitoring unit 210 varies due to the different degrees of absorption and scattering of the infrared light by the liquid medicine and air. By pre-testing infrared light detection on liquid medicines of different capacities, a corresponding relationship model (such as a linear relationship or other fitted curve) is established between the liquid medicine capacity and the processed received infrared light intensity. Based on the real-time collected infrared light intensity, the liquid medicine capacity information is calculated according to this model.

[0091] The visual monitoring unit 110 uses a camera to capture images of the dripping funnel 221 of the infusion tube 220 and analyzes the dripping patterns in the images to obtain real-time infusion rate information. This is based on image processing technology, which identifies droplet characteristics such as shape, size, and dripping time interval to calculate the infusion rate.

[0092] The visual monitoring unit 110 uses a camera to capture images of the infusion tube 220 near the needle, detecting blood backflow based on the differences in color and light transmittance between the blood and the solution. When blood backflow occurs, the color and light transmittance of the liquid in the infusion tube 220 will change in the image captured by the camera. By analyzing these changes in image features, it is possible to determine whether blood backflow has occurred.

[0093] The visual monitoring unit 110 uses a camera to capture images of the infusion tube 220 and identifies bubbles by using the different visual characteristics of bubbles and the liquid medicine in the image. Bubbles typically appear as brighter areas in the image (better light transmittance than the liquid medicine) and have specific shapes and boundary characteristics. These characteristics are analyzed to detect the presence, size, and number of bubbles.

[0094] In some optional embodiments, obtaining the medicine capacity information through the infrared monitoring unit 210 includes: sending a first infrared light to the infusion bottle 200 of the infusion device through the infrared monitoring unit 210; receiving a second infrared light reflected back by the infusion bottle 200 through the infrared monitoring unit 210; obtaining an environmental interference coefficient between the infrared monitoring unit 210 and the infusion bottle 200; correcting a preset capacity detection model according to the environmental interference coefficient to obtain a corrected capacity detection model, wherein the preset capacity detection model represents a model for calculating the medicine capacity based on the first infrared light and the second infrared light; and obtaining the medicine capacity information after inputting the first infrared light and the second infrared light into the corrected capacity detection model.

[0095] Specifically, the infrared monitoring unit 210 is equipped with a specific infrared emitting device that transmits a first infrared beam toward the infusion bottle 200 of the infusion pump. This infrared beam has a specific wavelength, intensity, and emission angle, and is designed to interact with the infusion bottle 200 and the liquid medicine inside. Different materials of infusion bottles 200 and liquid medicines with different ingredients have different absorption, scattering, and reflection characteristics for infrared light. The first infrared beam serves as a "probe" to detect these differences in properties. Receiving the second infrared beam: While emitting the first infrared beam, the infrared receiving device in the infrared monitoring unit 210 is in operation, receiving the second infrared beam reflected from the infusion bottle 200. The second infrared beam carries relevant information about the infusion bottle 200 and the liquid medicine, such as the volume and composition of the liquid medicine, as well as the effect of the infrared beam on the material of the infusion bottle 200. By analyzing the differences between the second infrared beam and the first infrared beam, relevant information about the liquid medicine can be obtained.

[0096] In actual infusion environments, a variety of factors can interfere with the propagation and detection of infrared light, thereby affecting the accuracy of liquid volume detection. For example, the intensity and spectral characteristics of ambient light (including natural and artificial light) can interfere with infrared light; changes in ambient temperature and humidity can affect the material of the infusion bottle 200 and the optical properties of the liquid; and even the surrounding electromagnetic environment can affect the normal operation of the infrared monitoring unit 210.

[0097] Infrared monitoring unit 210 uses built-in sensors or specific algorithms to obtain the environmental interference coefficient. For example, an ambient light sensor detects the intensity and spectrum of ambient light to assess the degree of interference with infrared light detection. A temperature and humidity sensor measures the current ambient temperature and humidity, and based on experimental data or theoretical models, establishes a relationship between temperature and humidity and infrared light detection error to obtain a corresponding correction coefficient. Parameters related to environmental interference obtained through various methods are comprehensively calculated to obtain a total environmental interference coefficient.

[0098] The preset capacity detection model calculates the volume of the solution based on the characteristics of the first and second infrared lights under ideal conditions. Under ideal conditions, assuming no environmental interference and with known parameters such as the material and shape of the infusion bottle 200 and the optical properties of the solution, this preset model is constructed by establishing a physical model of infrared light propagation in the solution, such as the laws of light absorption, scattering, and reflection. For example, the model might calculate the volume of the solution based on the intensity and wavelength of the first infrared light and the intensity change after the reflected second infrared light, combined with parameters such as the solution's absorption coefficient.

[0099] Establishing a Corrected Capacity Detection Model: Due to various interference factors in the real environment, the preset capacity detection model needs to be corrected based on the environmental interference coefficient. This correction is done by introducing a correction term related to the environmental interference coefficient based on the preset model. For example, if ambient light interference causes a deviation in the light intensity received by the infrared receiver, the light intensity calculation in the preset model will be adjusted based on the environmental interference coefficient to eliminate or reduce the error caused by ambient light interference. In this way, a corrected capacity detection model that better reflects actual conditions is obtained.

[0100] The relevant parameters of the first infrared light sent and the second infrared light received, such as light intensity, wavelength, etc., are input into the modified capacity detection model. The modified capacity detection model performs corresponding calculations based on the input infrared light parameters and the corrections made previously to consider environmental interference factors. The calculation involves the derivation of mathematical formulas, the application of physical models, and the comprehensive processing of various parameters. The specific calculation includes the formula:

[0101] A=(1+k)εlc;

[0102]

[0103] c and V satisfy the linear relationship c=mV+n (m and n are constants determined by the characteristics of the liquid medicine and the parameters of the infusion bottle 200), and then we can get:

[0104]

[0105] Among them, V represents the volume of the medicine; A represents the absorbance; ε represents the molar absorptivity, which is related to the composition of the medicine and the wavelength of the infrared light; l represents the optical path length, which is related to the shape and size of the infusion bottle 200 and the height of the medicine in the bottle; c represents the concentration of the medicine; k represents the environmental interference coefficient; I0 ​​represents the incident light intensity (i.e., the first infrared light intensity); I1 represents the equivalent second infrared light intensity actually received after correction for environmental interference.

[0106] Output of medication volume information: After calculations using the modified volume detection model, the device outputs medication volume information. This information is presented in intuitive form, such as the remaining volume (in milliliters) or percentage, providing accurate medication volume data to medical staff or infusion monitoring systems, enabling timely decisions, such as whether to replace the medication or terminate the infusion.

[0107] In some optional embodiments, the real-time infusion speed information, the blood backflow information and the bubble information are obtained through the visual monitoring unit 110, including: obtaining the dripping frequency of the medicine in the drip bucket 221 on the infusion tube 220 through the visual monitoring unit 110, wherein the infusion tube 220 is connected to the infusion bottle 200; determining the real-time infusion speed information according to the dripping frequency of the medicine; obtaining the blood backflow information at the needle end of the infusion tube 220 through the visual monitoring unit 110; obtaining the bubble information on the infusion tube 220 through the visual monitoring unit 110.

[0108] Specifically, the camera in the visual monitoring unit 110 focuses on the drip bucket 221 on the infusion tube 220, and continuously collects images of the drip bucket 221 area at a fixed and high frame rate (for example, 25 frames per second or higher). The high frame rate ensures that the dripping moment of each drop of medicine can be clearly captured to avoid missing certain droplets due to too low a frame rate, which affects the accuracy of the dripping frequency calculation. The collected images are subjected to a series of processing to make the shape of the droplets clearer. In continuous image frames, the position changes of the droplets are tracked to determine the process from droplet formation to dripping, so as to calculate the dripping frequency of the medicine. For example, if 20 drops of medicine are detected falling within 10 seconds, the dripping frequency of the medicine is 2 drops / second.

[0109] Given the standard volume of each drop of medicine (determined by the specifications of the infusion device, a common example is 20 drops / ml), the real-time infusion rate can be calculated based on the medicine dripping frequency. Assuming the medicine dripping frequency is f (drops / second) and the volume of each drop of medicine is v (ml / drop), the real-time infusion rate V1 (ml / minute) is calculated as: V1 = f × v × 60. For example, if f = 2 drops / second, ml / drop, then ml / min.

[0110] The camera of the visual monitoring unit 110 is adjusted to focus on the end of the infusion tube 220 near the needle to ensure that the image details of this area can be clearly captured. This area is the most likely location for blood backflow to be observed, and accurate positioning is crucial for timely detection of blood backflow.

[0111] Image feature recognition: Analyze the collected images and use the differences in color and light transmittance between blood and medicine to identify blood backflow. Generally, blood is darker in color and has poorer light transmittance than medicine. By converting the image to a suitable color space (such as HSV color space, which is easier to analyze color features than RGB color space), extract the color feature parameters (such as hue, saturation, etc.) and light transmittance features (such as grayscale value distribution) of the liquid in the infusion tube 220 in the image. Establish a color and light transmittance feature model of the liquid during normal infusion as a reference standard.

[0112] Blood backflow detection: The captured image features are compared in real time with a normal infusion characteristic model. Blood backflow is determined to have occurred when the color and light transmittance characteristics of the liquid in the image differ significantly from the normal model and match the color and light transmittance characteristics of blood. For example, if the liquid in the infusion tube 220 is detected to have a noticeable reddening and a decreased grayscale value, which is inconsistent with the color and light transmittance characteristics of a normal solution, the visual monitoring unit 110 will determine that blood backflow has occurred and transmit this information to the relevant system for processing.

[0113] The camera captures images of the infusion tube 220 at a certain viewing angle and range to ensure that it covers areas of the infusion tube 220 where bubbles may occur. This includes the entire length of the infusion tube 220 or certain areas of particular concern, such as the area near the drip funnel 221 or the needle, as these areas are more likely to generate bubbles.

[0114] Bubble feature extraction: The collected images are preprocessed, such as enhancing contrast to make the difference between the bubbles and the potion more obvious, and then filtering to remove noise interference. Image segmentation algorithms (such as threshold-based segmentation, which sets an appropriate threshold based on the grayscale difference between the bubbles and the potion to separate the bubbles from the background) are used to extract bubble features. These features include the shape (such as circularity, aspect ratio, etc.), size (expressed in pixel area or equivalent diameter), number, and location information of the bubbles. For example, by calculating the number of pixels in the segmented bubble area, the size information of the bubbles can be obtained; by analyzing the outline shape of the bubbles, it can be determined whether they are regular circles or ellipses.

[0115] Bubble Information Output: The visual monitoring unit 110 compiles and outputs the identified bubble information, such as the number, size, and location of bubbles, to the entire infusion control system. The system can then perform further analysis and processing based on this information. For example, if the volume of bubbles detected exceeds a set threshold, it can trigger a bubble removal mechanism or issue an alarm to medical staff, alerting them to the presence of bubbles during the infusion process and ensuring infusion safety.

[0116] In some optional embodiments, obtaining the bubble information on the infusion tube 220 through the visual monitoring unit 110 includes: obtaining a first image on the infusion tube 220 through the visual monitoring unit 110; preprocessing the first image to obtain a second image, the preprocessing including grayscale, filtering and histogram equalization; marking the bubble contour in the second image through an edge detection algorithm and morphological operations; segmenting the bubble contour from the second image through a threshold segmentation method to obtain a target bubble; determining the target area information of the target bubble based on the bubble contour; determining the target volume information of the target bubble based on the target area information; determining the target position information of the target bubble based on the coordinates of the bubble contour in the second image; and configuring the target bubble, the target volume information and the target position information as the bubble information.

[0117] Specifically, the camera in the visual monitoring unit 110 captures the infusion tube 220 to obtain a first image containing the infusion tube 220 and any bubbles therein. The camera's parameter settings (such as resolution, focal length, exposure time, etc.) need to be adjusted based on actual conditions to ensure that the captured image clearly captures the details of the infusion tube 220 and the bubbles therein. For example, to clearly capture tiny bubbles, a higher resolution and an appropriate focal length are required, while the exposure time is adjusted based on ambient light conditions to avoid overly bright or dark images.

[0118] Color images contain rich color information, but color information is not critical for bubble detection, and processing color images is computationally intensive. Grayscaling converts the first image from a color space (such as RGB) to a grayscale space, where each pixel is represented by a single grayscale value. This simplifies the image data while preserving the image's brightness information, facilitating subsequent processing. For example, for each pixel in an RGB image, the corresponding grayscale value can be calculated using the formula Gray = 0.299R + 0.587G + 0.114B.

[0119] During image acquisition, various factors (such as sensor noise and environmental interference) may introduce noise into the image, affecting the accuracy of bubble detection. Filtering operations are designed to remove this noise. For example, Gaussian filtering applies a weighted average to the image using a Gaussian function, so that the grayscale value of each pixel in the image is determined by the weighted values ​​of its neighboring pixels. By selecting an appropriate Gaussian kernel size and standard deviation, the image can be effectively smoothed and noise removed while preserving edge information, making the bubble outline easier to identify in subsequent processing.

[0120] After grayscaling and filtering, the grayscale distribution of an image may be relatively concentrated, resulting in low image contrast and hindering the clear display of bubbles. Histogram equalization adjusts the image's grayscale histogram, redistributing the grayscale values ​​so that the grayscale levels are evenly distributed across the entire grayscale range, thereby enhancing the image contrast. This makes the difference between the bubbles and the surrounding solution more apparent in the image, facilitating the subsequent extraction of the bubble outlines.

[0121] The preprocessed second image is then used to detect the edges of the bubbles using an edge detection algorithm (such as the Canny algorithm). The Canny algorithm uses multiple steps to accurately detect edges. First, a Gaussian filter is used to smooth the image to reduce noise. Next, the image's gradient magnitude and direction are calculated to determine possible edge locations. Non-maximum suppression is then used to refine the edges and remove false edges. Finally, dual-threshold detection and edge connection are used to determine the final edge contour. This provides a preliminary outline of the bubble's edges in the second image.

[0122] Morphological Operations: While edge detection algorithms can detect bubble edges, the resulting edges may exhibit discontinuities and noise. Morphological operations, such as dilation and erosion, are used to further refine bubble outlines. Dilation convolves the target object (bubble edge) in the image with a structuring element, expanding the edge outward and filling small holes and discontinuities. Erosion, on the other hand, shrinks the edge inward and removes isolated noise points. By combining appropriate dilation and erosion operations, a clear, continuous bubble outline can be created.

[0123] The threshold segmentation method sets an appropriate threshold based on the grayscale difference between the bubbles and the background (medication solution and infusion tube 220) in the image. For each pixel in the second image, its grayscale value is compared with the threshold. If the pixel's grayscale value is greater than the threshold, it is classified as a bubble region; otherwise, it is classified as background region. In this way, the marked bubble outline can be accurately segmented from the second image, resulting in a binary image of the target bubble, where white (or other specified color) represents the bubble and black represents the background.

[0124] For the segmented binary image of the target bubble, the target area of ​​the target bubble is determined by counting the number of pixels within the bubble region. Since each pixel in the image corresponds to a certain physical size (depending on factors such as camera resolution and shooting distance), there is a certain proportional relationship between the number of pixels and the actual area. Assuming that the actual area corresponding to each pixel is s and the number of pixels within the target bubble region is b, the actual area of ​​the target bubble D = b × s.

[0125] To determine the target volume information from the target area information, it is necessary to assume that the bubble is a regular shape (such as a sphere. In actual practice, small bubbles can be regarded as spheres in an approximate manner) and combine the relevant parameters of the infusion tube 220 (such as the inner diameter of the infusion tube 220 is known as d). For a bubble that is approximately spherical, it is assumed that the projected area of ​​the bubble on the cross section of the infusion tube 220 is the target area D calculated above. According to the geometric relationship of the sphere, the formula D = πr 2 (where r is the radius of the sphere) calculate the bubble radius According to the volume formula of a sphere The target volume information of the target bubble can be calculated

[0126] In the second image, each pixel has its corresponding coordinates (x, y). By recording the coordinate information of the pixel points on the bubble outline, the position of the target bubble in the image can be determined. For example, the coordinates of the center of gravity of the bubble outline (x center ,y center ) to indicate the approximate location of the target bubble, where (x i ,y i ) is the coordinate of the i-th pixel on the bubble outline, and j is the total number of pixels on the bubble outline. This coordinate information reflects the relative position of the target bubble in the image. Combined with parameters such as the positional relationship between the camera and infusion tube 220, the actual position of the target bubble in infusion tube 220 can be further determined.

[0127] The segmented target bubbles (represented as binary images or other suitable data structures), the calculated target volume information, and the target location information are integrated to form bubble information. This information is used for further analysis and processing, such as determining whether the bubbles exceed a safe volume threshold and whether to trigger a bubble removal mechanism or issue an alert to medical staff.

[0128] S300: Acquire pathological information of a patient, where the pathological information represents the patient's medical information and / or physiological information acquired by a physiological monitoring module.

[0129] Specifically, patient pathology information: On the one hand, medical information such as the patient's medical history and diagnosis results is collected. On the other hand, the physiological monitoring module obtains the patient's physiological parameters in real time, such as heart rate, blood pressure, and blood oxygen saturation. This information comprehensively reflects the patient's health status and provides data basis for subsequent adjustments to the infusion rate.

[0130] S400: Determine a preset infusion rate for the patient based on the pathological information.

[0131] Specifically, based on the patient's pathological information, combined with medical knowledge and clinical experience, the system intelligently determines a preset infusion rate appropriate for the patient's current condition. For example, for patients with heart failure, the infusion rate usually needs to be strictly controlled to avoid increasing the burden on the heart.

[0132] S500: Determine the optimal infusion rate for the patient according to the preset infusion rate and the expected infusion rate.

[0133] Specifically, the system comprehensively considers the desired infusion rate of the medication and the preset infusion rate determined based on the patient's pathological information, and uses a specific algorithm to calculate the optimal infusion rate that best suits the patient. This rate ensures the medication's optimal efficacy while fully considering the patient's physical tolerance.

[0134] Preset infusion rate: This is a pre-set infusion rate based on factors such as the patient's age, condition, physical condition, and the nature of the medication, and is determined based on medical standards, clinical experience, or the drug instructions. For example, for an average adult, the preset infusion rate for common antibiotics is 40-60 drops per minute.

[0135] Expected infusion rate: The desired infusion rate is determined based on a comprehensive consideration of multiple factors, including treatment efficacy, patient comfort, and medical resource utilization. For example, to quickly achieve effective blood drug concentrations to control a severe infection, a faster infusion rate may be desirable. Alternatively, to avoid the inconvenience of prolonged infusions, a higher infusion rate within a safe range may be desirable.

[0136] Consider the patient's physical condition:

[0137] Age: Children and the elderly have different bodily functions than adults. Children's blood vessels are thinner, and organ functions such as their heart and kidneys are not fully developed or have already declined. Therefore, the infusion rate is generally slower than that of adults, usually 20-40 drops per minute.

[0138] Condition: If the patient suffers from heart disease, lung disease, or kidney disease, the infusion rate needs to be adjusted carefully. For example, for patients with heart failure, a too-fast infusion rate may increase the burden on the heart and cause serious complications such as pulmonary edema. In this case, the infusion rate should be controlled at 20-30 drops per minute.

[0139] Physical condition: Patients with frail constitutions, severe dehydration, or other underlying medical conditions may have varying tolerances to infusion rates. Severely dehydrated patients may require a faster infusion rate to replenish water and electrolytes, but their reactions should also be closely monitored to prevent the development of acute pulmonary edema.

[0140] Consider the drug properties:

[0141] Drug type: Different drugs require different infusion speeds. For example, mannitol requires rapid infusion to achieve effective dehydration and intracranial pressure reduction, potentially requiring a 250ml infusion within 15-30 minutes. For some highly irritating drugs, such as azithromycin, the infusion speed should be slower to minimize vascular irritation and gastrointestinal reactions.

[0142] Drug concentration: When the drug concentration is high, the infusion rate is usually slower to avoid excessive drug concentration in local blood vessels, which may cause adverse reactions such as vasculitis and phlebitis. It is also beneficial to the uniform distribution and metabolism of the drug in the body.

[0143] Determine the optimal infusion rate:

[0144] Comprehensive assessment: A comprehensive assessment should be conducted by considering factors such as the preset infusion rate, expected infusion rate, the patient's physiological condition, and drug characteristics.

[0145] Adjustment and Monitoring: During the infusion process, the infusion rate must be dynamically adjusted based on the patient's real-time response and changes in physiological indicators. If the patient experiences symptoms such as palpitations, chest tightness, or headaches, or if abnormalities are detected in physiological indicators such as blood pressure, heart rate, and respiration, the infusion should be slowed or stopped immediately and appropriate treatment should be taken.

[0146] S600: Adjust the flow regulator 222 of the infusion device according to the real-time infusion speed information and the optimal infusion speed control and adjustment module 230, so that the infusion speed indicated by the real-time infusion speed information is equal to the optimal infusion speed.

[0147] Specifically, the system continuously compares real-time infusion rate information with the calculated optimal infusion rate. If a discrepancy is detected between the real-time and optimal infusion rates, the system immediately sends a command to the adjustment module 230, which precisely controls the infusion pump's flow regulator 222 to gradually adjust the infusion rate to the optimal state, ensuring the accuracy and safety of the infusion process.

[0148] Real-time infusion rate information is obtained through the aforementioned visual monitoring unit 110, infrared monitoring unit 210, and other devices. For example, the visual monitoring unit 110 monitors the dripping frequency of the medicine at the dripping bucket 221 of the infusion tube 220 and calculates the real-time infusion rate based on the standard volume of each drop of medicine. This information is collected in the form of electrical signals or digital signals.

[0149] Data Transmission: The collected real-time infusion rate information is transmitted to the system's control center via wired or wireless communication. For example, wireless communication technologies such as Bluetooth and Wi-Fi can be used to send data to the control module, ensuring fast and accurate data transmission.

[0150] Optimal infusion rate setting: The optimal infusion rate is set in the system based on the patient's pathological information, drug characteristics, and other factors. This information is stored in the control module as the target value for infusion rate adjustment.

[0151] Speed ​​comparison: The control module receives real-time infusion speed information and compares it with the optimal infusion speed setting. For example, if the optimal infusion speed setting is 100 ml / h and the real-time infusion speed is 110 ml / h, the real-time infusion speed is higher than the optimal speed.

[0152] Deviation Calculation: The control module determines the speed deviation by calculating the difference between the real-time infusion rate and the optimal infusion rate. In the example above, the speed deviation is 110-100 = 10 ml / h. This deviation value serves as the basis for adjusting the infusion flow regulator 222.

[0153] Regulation Strategy Development: The control and regulation module 230 develops a corresponding regulation strategy based on the magnitude and direction of the speed deviation. If the real-time infusion speed exceeds the optimal infusion speed, the regulation strategy is to reduce the opening of the infusion device flow regulator 222 to reduce the infusion speed. Conversely, if the real-time infusion speed is lower than the optimal infusion speed, the opening of the flow regulator 222 is increased to increase the infusion speed.

[0154] Control Signal Generation: Based on the regulation strategy, the control and regulation module 230 generates a control signal whose parameters (e.g., voltage, current, or pulse width) correspond to the desired opening of the flow regulator 222. For example, for an electric flow regulator 222, the voltage value of the control signal determines the rotation angle of the motor, thereby adjusting the opening of the flow regulator 222.

[0155] Signal transmission and execution: The generated control signal is transmitted to the regulating module 230 connected to the flow regulator 222 through the connecting line. After receiving the control signal, the regulating module 230 performs corresponding actions according to the signal parameters. For example, the motor of the regulating module 230 rotates, driving the valve or piston and other components of the flow regulator 222 to change the cross-sectional area of ​​the infusion channel, thereby realizing the adjustment of the infusion speed.

[0156] Real-time feedback: After adjusting the infusion flow regulator 222, the visual monitoring unit 110 and other devices will continuously collect real-time infusion rate information and feed it back to the control module. This process forms a closed-loop control, ensuring that the infusion rate is always monitored and regulated.

[0157] Continuous Adjustment: The control module continuously compares the real-time infusion rate information received with the optimal infusion rate and calculates the deviation. If a speed deviation persists, the control module will continue to adjust the control signal and adjust the flow regulator 222 again until the real-time infusion rate equals the optimal infusion rate. For example, after the first adjustment, if the real-time infusion rate drops from 110 ml / hour to 105 ml / hour, which is still higher than the optimal rate of 100 ml / hour, the control module will issue a control signal again to further reduce the opening of the flow regulator 222, gradually approaching and ultimately reaching the optimal infusion rate.

[0158] S700: Determine an infusion processing strategy based on real-time infusion information, wherein the infusion processing strategy includes a near-end treatment, a bubble treatment, and a blood backflow treatment.

[0159] In some optional embodiments, the medicine exhaustion processing includes: when the medicine capacity information indicates that the medicine capacity is less than a first threshold, generating dressing change information or needle removal information to the monitoring terminal, so that medical staff can change the dressing or remove the needle.

[0160] Specifically, when the remaining volume of the medication drops below a predefined threshold, the system automatically generates a dressing change or needle removal message and sends it to the monitoring terminal. Medical staff can then take appropriate action immediately, preventing adverse events such as air entering the blood vessels due to the medication running out.

[0161] Setting the first threshold requires comprehensive consideration of multiple factors. For one thing, a safety margin should be reserved based on the typical size of a 200ml infusion bottle (bag), such as the common 250ml and 500ml infusion bags, to ensure complete drug delivery and prevent dangerous air from entering the blood vessels. Typically, this margin is around 10-20ml. For a 250ml infusion bag, the first threshold can be set at 20-30ml.

[0162] On the other hand, the characteristics of the infused medications must be considered. For some special medications, such as chemotherapy drugs that are highly irritating and require strict dosage control, the thresholds need to be more precise to ensure that the drug is not wasted and that sufficient amounts are delivered. Furthermore, the needs of patients in different departments and with different diseases must be considered. Pediatric infusions tend to use smaller thresholds to reduce discomfort for children, while intensive care units require higher threshold accuracy to ensure continuity of treatment.

[0163] As previously mentioned, precise monitoring methods such as infrared monitoring unit 210 are used to obtain real-time information on the potion volume. When the system detects a continuous decrease in the potion volume, it compares the current potion volume value with a preset first threshold. This comparison process runs continuously and at high speed in the background, ensuring timely capture of critical moments when the volume approaches the threshold.

[0164] Once the system determines that the volume of the medication is less than the first threshold, it immediately triggers the corresponding instruction generation mechanism. Based on a pre-set program, the system generates two types of key information. The dressing change information includes details such as the name of the medication to be replaced, its specifications, dosage, and the urgency of the change. This allows medical staff to prepare in advance and complete dressing changes quickly and accurately. For example, it will display "Please prepare to replace 500ml of 5% glucose injection. Estimated completion time: 5 minutes."

[0165] The needle removal information is relatively concise, clearly indicating that the patient's infusion is about to end and the needle needs to be removed, reminding medical staff to pay attention to follow-up care, such as pressing the needle hole to prevent bleeding and observing whether the patient has any discomfort reactions.

[0166] Generated dressing change or needle removal information is transmitted to the monitoring terminal via the hospital's internal network at the fastest speed. This monitoring terminal can be a computer screen at the nurse's station, where information is presented in a prominent pop-up window or flashing notification, ensuring immediate awareness by the nurse on duty. Alternatively, it can be a mobile device carried by medical staff, such as a mobile app. Push notifications ensure that the medical staff responsible for the patient receive timely reminders regardless of their location, ensuring they don't miss critical operational milestones. Upon receiving the information, the medical staff will act swiftly based on the prompts. For dressing changes, the nurse will wheel a fully loaded treatment cart to the patient's bedside. After verifying the information, they will close the current infusion line (220), replace it with a new infusion bottle (200 bags), and readjust the infusion rate and other parameters. For needle removal, the nurse removes the needle, applies pressure with a cotton ball for an appropriate amount of time, and observes the patient's local and systemic reactions to ensure the successful completion of the infusion and the patient's safety. Through the system's precise prompts and the professional coordination of medical staff, dressing changes and needle removals are completed efficiently and orderly.

[0167] In some optional embodiments, the bubble processing includes: generating bubble clearing information to enable a bubble clearing module to clear the first bubble when the bubble information indicates that the first volume of the first bubble is greater than a second threshold.

[0168] Specifically, if the bubble information indicates that the volume of the first bubble in the infusion tube 220 is greater than the second threshold, the system quickly generates bubble clearing information, triggers the bubble clearing module to work, and clears the bubbles in a timely and effective manner to prevent bubbles from entering the blood vessels and causing serious complications such as air embolism.

[0169] In some optional embodiments, the bubble removal module includes an electromagnetic adsorption unit 120, which is slidably connected to the infusion support rod 100, and the first end of the infusion support rod 100 is connected to the infusion bottle 200. The medicine in the infusion bottle 200 is added with magnetic nanoparticles. The generation of bubble removal information so that the bubble removal module removes the first bubble includes: determining the first position and the first volume of the first bubble according to the bubble information; controlling the electromagnetic adsorption unit 120 to move a first distance in the second direction according to the first position, so that the electromagnetic adsorption unit 120 is in the same plane as the first bubble in the first direction; controlling the electromagnetic power of the electromagnetic adsorption unit 120 according to the first volume; controlling the electromagnetic adsorption unit 120 to move a second distance in the second direction, so that after the electromagnetic adsorption unit 120 adsorbs the magnetic nanoparticles, it drives the first bubble to move a second distance along the infusion tube 220 in the second direction and then removes the first bubble. The electromagnetic adsorption unit 120 has the electromagnetic power, and the first bubble enters the drip bucket 221 or the infusion bottle 200 after moving the second distance.

[0170] Specifically, as described above, the visual monitoring unit 110 can accurately identify bubbles and calculate their location and volume information by collecting, processing, and analyzing images of the infusion tube 220. Here, the system extracts the first location of the first bubble (for example, by determining the coordinate position of the bubble in the infusion tube 220 with reference to a fixed endpoint of the infusion tube 220) and the first volume from the bubble information. This serves as the basis for subsequent bubble removal operations; only by accurately acquiring this information can accurate bubble removal be achieved.

[0171] The second direction is along the axial direction of the infusion tube 220, while the first direction is perpendicular to the axial direction of the infusion tube 220. Based on the first position of the first bubble, the system calculates the first distance that the electromagnetic attraction unit 120 needs to move in the second direction, so that the electromagnetic attraction unit 120 and the first bubble are in the same plane in the first direction. This step ensures that the electromagnetic attraction unit 120 can exert an effective magnetic force on the bubble.

[0172] Movement via Sliding Connection: Because the electromagnetic attraction unit 120 is slidably connected to the infusion support rod 100, precise movement of the electromagnetic attraction unit 120 in the second direction along the infusion support rod 100 can be achieved through mechanical devices such as motor drive and screw transmission. For example, a stepper motor can be used to precisely control the movement distance of the electromagnetic attraction unit 120 to ensure that it accurately reaches the target position.

[0173] Power vs. Bubble Volume: The system controls the electromagnetic power of electromagnetic attraction unit 120 based on the first volume of the first bubble. Generally speaking, larger bubbles require a stronger electromagnetic force, meaning greater electromagnetic power is required for electromagnetic attraction unit 120. This is because larger bubbles require a greater magnetic force to effectively attract and move them. The system determines the electromagnetic power that matches the first volume using a pre-established table of correspondences between bubble volume and electromagnetic power, or an algorithm based on a physical model.

[0174] Electromagnetic power adjustment method: The electromagnetic attraction unit 120 is typically equipped with an electromagnetic coil and a power supply adjustment device. The system adjusts the magnetic field strength generated by the electromagnetic coil by controlling the output current or voltage of the power supply, thereby achieving precise control of the electromagnetic power. For example, pulse width modulation (PWM) technology can be used to adjust the average current of the electromagnetic coil by varying the duty cycle of the power supply output pulse, thereby precisely controlling the electromagnetic power.

[0175] Adsorption and Driven Movement: After electromagnetic adsorption unit 120 is aligned with the first bubble and the appropriate electromagnetic power is set, the electromagnetic adsorption function is activated. Since the solution in infusion bottle 200 contains magnetic nanoparticles, these adhere to the surface of the bubble. The magnetic field generated by electromagnetic adsorption unit 120 attracts the magnetic nanoparticles, thereby attracting the first bubble containing the magnetic nanoparticles.

[0176] Bubble Clearing Operation: Next, the electromagnetic adsorption unit 120 is controlled to move a second distance in the second direction. During this movement, the electromagnetic adsorption unit 120 drives the first bubble to move the same second distance along the infusion tube 220 in the second direction. This movement distance is designed to allow the first bubble to move into the drip bucket 221 or the infusion bottle 200. Because the relatively large space of the drip bucket 221 or the infusion bottle 200 can accommodate bubbles, it prevents bubbles from entering the human blood vessels, thereby achieving the clearing of the first bubble. For example, by accurately calculating the structure of the infusion tube 220 and the bubble's movement trajectory, the second distance is determined to ensure that the bubble can smoothly enter the drip bucket 221 or the infusion bottle 200.

[0177] In some optional embodiments, the blood backflow processing includes: when the blood backflow information indicates that blood backflow has occurred, obtaining a cause of the backflow, and performing backflow processing according to the cause of the backflow.

[0178] Specifically, once the blood backflow information shows that blood has backflowed, the system quickly analyzes and obtains the cause of the backflow, such as improper height of the infusion bottle 200, blockage of the infusion tube 220, etc., and takes targeted backflow treatment measures according to the specific cause to ensure the smooth progress of the infusion process.

[0179] In some optional embodiments, the backflow cause is obtained and the backflow treatment is performed according to the backflow cause, including: obtaining a first height from the infusion bottle 200 to the needle on the infusion tube 220, the first height being detected by the monitoring module; when the first height is less than a preset height, the backflow cause is configured as the height of the infusion bottle 200 being too low, and the infusion support rod 100 is controlled to rise to a second height along a second direction so that the first height is greater than or equal to the preset height; when the first height is greater than or equal to the preset height, the monitoring module is used to detect the blockage information of the infusion tube 220; when the blockage information indicates that the infusion tube 220 In the event of twisting, folding and / or the presence of foreign matter, the cause of backflow is configured as blockage of the infusion tube 220, and blockage information is generated to the monitoring terminal so that medical personnel can straighten the infusion tube 220 or replace the infusion tube 220; when the blockage information indicates that the infusion tube 220 is not twisted, folded and / or there is no foreign matter, the pathological information is obtained, and when the pathological information indicates that the patient has cardiac insufficiency and / or increased venous pressure, pathological abnormality information is generated to the monitoring terminal so that medical personnel can perform treatment; when the pathological information indicates that the pathology is normal, infusion abnormality information is generated to the monitoring terminal so that medical personnel can perform abnormal processing.

[0180] Specifically, the monitoring module includes a height measurement sensor, such as a laser or ultrasonic ranging sensor, installed in a suitable location to measure the vertical distance from the infusion bottle 200 to the needle tip on the infusion tube 220, i.e., the first height. These sensors transmit signals and receive reflected signals, calculating the distance based on the round-trip time. The measured first height data is transmitted in real time to the system's control module for subsequent analysis and assessment.

[0181] The preset height is a standard value determined based on factors such as human physiology, infusion dynamics, and clinical experience. This height ensures that during infusion, the pressure generated by the liquid in the infusion bottle 200 is sufficient to overcome the intravascular pressure, allowing the liquid to flow smoothly into the blood vessels without backflow. Different infusion scenarios and patient conditions may require different preset height values, but are generally around 60-80 cm.

[0182] The system compares the obtained first height with the preset height. If the first height is less than the preset height, it indicates that the height of the infusion bottle 200 is too low, which may be the cause of the blood backflow. At this time, the system will configure the cause of backflow as "the height of the infusion bottle 200 is too low" and send an instruction to the lifting control device of the infusion support rod 100. The infusion support rod 100 is composed of a motor, a screw rod and other devices. By controlling the rotation of the motor, the screw rod drives the infusion support rod 100 to rise to a second height along a second direction (usually a vertical direction). The second height is calculated and can make the first height greater than or equal to the preset height, thereby solving the problem of blood backflow caused by the infusion bottle 200 being too low.

[0183] Blockage Detection Method: When the first height is greater than or equal to a preset height, the monitoring module detects blockage in the infusion tube 220 through various methods. For example, the visual monitoring unit 110 can capture images of the infusion tube 220 and use image processing algorithms to identify whether the infusion tube 220 is twisted or folded. Alternatively, a pressure sensor can be used to detect pressure changes within the infusion tube 220. An abnormally high pressure may indicate a foreign object blocking the infusion tube 220.

[0184] Blockage Information Analysis: The system analyzes and determines detected blockage information. If the blockage information indicates that the infusion tube 220 is twisted, folded, and / or contains foreign matter, the backflow cause is configured as "blockage of the infusion tube 220" and a blockage information is generated and sent to the monitoring terminal. The blockage information includes the approximate location of the blockage and the type of blockage (twisting, folding, or foreign matter), allowing medical staff to quickly understand the situation and take appropriate measures, such as straightening a twisted or folded infusion tube 220 or replacing an infusion tube 220 blocked by foreign matter.

[0185] Pathology information acquisition: When it is confirmed that the infusion tube 220 is not blocked, the system will obtain the patient's pathology information. This information includes physiological parameters (such as heart rate, blood pressure, blood oxygen saturation, etc.) obtained in real time through the physiological monitoring module and disease diagnosis information in the patient's medical record.

[0186] Pathological condition assessment and treatment: The system analyzes pathological information. If the information indicates that the patient has cardiac insufficiency and / or elevated venous pressure, this may lead to increased intravascular pressure and, in turn, blood backflow. In this case, the system generates a pathological abnormality message and sends it to the monitoring terminal, alerting medical staff that the patient may have a pathological abnormality and requires further diagnosis and treatment to improve the patient's cardiac function or reduce venous pressure to prevent blood backflow from occurring again.

[0187] Abnormal Situation Handling: If the pathology information indicates the patient's pathology is normal, but after eliminating factors such as the height of the infusion bottle 200, blockage of the infusion tube 220, and the patient's pathological factors, the system cannot determine the cause of blood backflow, it will generate an infusion abnormality message and send it to the monitoring terminal. Upon receiving this message, medical staff will conduct a comprehensive inspection of the infusion process, identify other possible abnormal factors, such as the material of the infusion tube 220 and the condition of the puncture site, and take appropriate abnormality handling measures.

[0188] Through comprehensive and detailed analysis of the causes and treatment mechanisms of blood reflux, the problem of blood reflux during infusion can be discovered and resolved in a timely manner, ensuring the safety and smooth progress of infusion treatment.

[0189] The beneficial effects of the present invention include: when the infusion control instruction is obtained, the present invention obtains infusion solution information, the infusion solution information represents the composition information of the solution and the expected infusion speed of the solution; obtains real-time infusion information through the monitoring module, the real-time infusion information represents the solution volume information, real-time infusion speed information, blood backflow information and bubble information; obtains the patient's pathological information, the pathological information represents the patient's medical information and / or physiological information obtained through the physiological monitoring module; determines the patient's preset infusion speed according to the pathological information; determines the patient's optimal infusion speed according to the preset infusion speed and the expected infusion speed; determines the patient's optimal infusion speed according to the real-time infusion speed The information and the optimal infusion speed control and adjustment module 230 adjust the flow regulator 222 of the infusion device so that the infusion speed indicated by the real-time infusion speed information is equal to the optimal infusion speed; when the medicine volume information indicates that the medicine volume is less than a first threshold, a dressing change message or a needle removal message is generated and sent to the monitoring terminal so that the medical staff can change the dressing or remove the needle; when the bubble information indicates that the first volume of the first bubble is greater than a second threshold, a bubble removal message is generated so that the bubble removal module can remove the first bubble; when the blood backflow information indicates that blood backflow occurs, the cause of the backflow is obtained and the backflow treatment is performed according to the cause of the backflow. By automatically obtaining the infusion medicine information and the real-time infusion information and determining the corresponding optimal infusion speed according to the pathology, the flow regulator 222 of the infusion device is adjusted so that the patient is at the optimal infusion speed, and corresponding treatment is performed based on the bubble information, the medicine volume and the blood backflow information, thereby promptly handling abnormal conditions and ensuring normal infusion of the patient. Therefore, the present application can monitor and process the patient's infusion process in real time to prevent blood backflow and bubbles from affecting the patient's infusion.

[0190] like Figure 3 As shown, Figure 31 shows a block diagram of a controller 1000 according to an embodiment of the present application. The components of the controller 1000 include, but are not limited to, a memory 1200 and a processor 1100. The processor 1100 and the memory 1200 are connected via a bus, and the memory 1200 is used to store data.

[0191] The controller 1000 also includes an access device that enables the controller 1000 to communicate via one or more networks. Examples of these networks include a public switched telephone network (PSTN), a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a personal area network (PAN), or a combination of communication networks such as the Internet. The access device may include one or more of any type of network interface (e.g., a network interface card (NIC)) of wired or wireless, such as an IEEE 802.11 wireless local area network (WLAN) wireless interface, a World Wide Interoperability for Microwave Access (Wi-MAX) interface, an Ethernet interface, a universal serial bus (USB) interface, a cellular network interface, a Bluetooth interface, a near field communication (NFC) interface, and the like.

[0192] The controller 1000 may be any type of stationary or mobile electronic device, including a mobile computer or mobile electronic device (e.g., a tablet computer, a personal digital assistant, a laptop computer, a notebook computer, a netbook computer, etc.), a mobile phone (e.g., a smartphone), a wearable electronic device (e.g., a smartwatch, smart glasses, etc.), or other types of mobile devices, or a stationary electronic device such as a desktop computer or PC. The controller 1000 may also be a mobile or stationary server.

[0193] The processor 1100 is configured to execute computer executable instructions of the infusion control method.

[0194] The above is a schematic diagram of a controller of this embodiment. It should be noted that the technical solution of the controller and the technical solution of the above-mentioned infusion control method are of the same concept. For details not described in detail in the technical solution of the controller, please refer to the description of the technical solution of the above-mentioned infusion control method.

[0195] According to one embodiment of the present application, an infusion control system is also provided. The infusion control system includes an infusion device, in which a controller 1000 is installed, or the infusion device and the controller 1000 are connected via communication, so that the infusion device can be adjusted by the controller 1000. It should be noted that the technical solution of the infusion control system and the technical solution of the above-mentioned infusion control method are based on the same concept. For details not described in detail in the technical solution of the computing device, please refer to the description of the technical solution of the above-mentioned infusion control method.

[0196] An embodiment of the present application further provides a storage medium, which is a computer-readable storage medium and stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned infusion control method is implemented.

[0197] The memory, as a non-transient computer-readable storage medium, can be used to store non-transient software programs and non-transient computer executable programs. In addition, the memory may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-transient memory, such as at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-transient solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, the memory may include a memory remotely located relative to the processor, and these remote memories may be connected to the processor via a network. Examples of the above-mentioned networks include but are not limited to the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and a combination thereof. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the present embodiment.

[0198] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or some of the steps and systems in the method disclosed above can be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, and appropriate combinations thereof. Some physical components or all physical components can be implemented as a processor, such as the software executed by a central processing unit, a digital signal processor, or a microprocessor, or implemented as hardware, or implemented as an integrated circuit, such as an application-specific integrated circuit. Such software can be distributed on a computer-readable medium, and the computer-readable medium can include a computer storage medium (or non-transitory medium) and a communication medium (or temporary medium). As known to those skilled in the art, the term computer storage medium is included in any method or technology for storing information (such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data) and is volatile and non-volatile, removable, and non-removable. Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory, or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disks (DVD), or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tapes, disk storage, or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store desired information and can be accessed by a computer. Furthermore, as is well known to those skilled in the art, communication media typically includes computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism, and may include any information delivery media.

[0199] The above is a specific description of the preferred implementation of the present application, but the present application is not limited to the above implementation mode. Technical personnel familiar with the art can also make various equivalent modifications or substitutions under the shared conditions that do not violate the spirit of the present application. These equivalent modifications or substitutions are all included in the scope defined by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for controlling an infusion, characterized in that: The method comprises: Acquire infusion solution information, wherein the infusion solution information represents the composition information of the solution and the expected infusion speed of the solution; Acquiring real-time infusion information through the monitoring module, wherein the real-time infusion information represents the volume information of the medicine solution, the real-time infusion speed information, the blood backflow information and the bubble information; Acquiring pathological information of the patient, where the pathological information represents the patient's medical information and / or physiological information acquired by a physiological monitoring module; determining a preset infusion rate for the patient based on the pathological information; determining an optimal infusion rate for the patient based on the preset infusion rate and the desired infusion rate; adjusting a flow regulator of the infusion device according to the real-time infusion speed information and the optimal infusion speed control and adjustment module so that the infusion speed indicated by the real-time infusion speed information is equal to the optimal infusion speed; An infusion processing strategy is determined according to the real-time infusion information, wherein the infusion processing strategy includes a near-end treatment, an air bubble treatment, and a blood backflow treatment.

2. The infusion control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determining an infusion processing strategy according to the real-time infusion information includes: When the medicine volume information indicates that the medicine volume is less than the first threshold, generating dressing change information or needle removal information to the monitoring terminal so that medical staff can change the dressing or remove the needle; When the bubble information indicates that the first volume of the first bubble is greater than a second threshold, generating bubble clearing information to enable a bubble clearing module to clear the first bubble; In the case where the blood backflow information indicates that blood backflow has occurred, a backflow cause is obtained, and backflow processing is performed according to the backflow cause.

3. The infusion control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring module includes an infrared monitoring unit and a visual monitoring unit. The real-time infusion information is obtained through the monitoring module, including: Acquiring the liquid medicine capacity information through the infrared monitoring unit; The real-time infusion speed information, the blood backflow information and the bubble information are obtained through the visual monitoring unit.

4. The infusion control method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The obtaining of the liquid medicine capacity information by the infrared monitoring unit includes: sending a first infrared light to the infusion bottle of the infusion set through the infrared monitoring unit; receiving the second infrared light reflected by the infusion bottle through the infrared monitoring unit; Obtaining an environmental interference coefficient between the infrared monitoring unit and the infusion bottle; Correcting a preset capacity detection model according to the environmental interference coefficient to obtain a corrected capacity detection model, wherein the preset capacity detection model represents a model for calculating the volume of the liquid medicine according to the first infrared light and the second infrared light; The medicine volume information is obtained by inputting the first infrared light and the second infrared light into the modified volume detection model.

5. The infusion control method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The acquiring of the real-time infusion speed information, the blood backflow information, and the bubble information by the visual monitoring unit includes: Obtaining, by means of the visual monitoring unit, a dripping frequency of the medicine in the dripping bucket of the infusion tube, wherein the infusion tube is connected to the infusion bottle; Determining the real-time infusion speed information according to the medicine dripping frequency; Acquiring the blood backflow information at the needle end of the infusion tube through the visual monitoring unit; The bubble information on the infusion tube is obtained through the visual monitoring unit.

6. The infusion control method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The obtaining of the bubble information on the infusion tube by the visual monitoring unit includes: acquiring a first image on the infusion tube by the visual monitoring unit; Preprocessing the first image to obtain a second image, wherein the preprocessing includes grayscale conversion, filtering, and histogram equalization; Marking the bubble outline in the second image by edge detection algorithm and morphological operation; Segmenting the bubble outline from the second image using a threshold segmentation method to obtain a target bubble; determining target area information of the target bubble according to the bubble outline; determining target volume information of the target bubble according to the target area information; determining target position information of the target bubble according to the coordinates of the bubble outline in the second image; The target bubble, the target volume information, and the target position information are configured as the bubble information.

7. The infusion control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bubble removal module includes an electromagnetic adsorption unit, the electromagnetic adsorption unit is slidably connected to an infusion support rod, a first end of the infusion support rod is connected to an infusion bottle, and the liquid medicine in the infusion bottle is added with magnetic nanoparticles. The bubble removal information is generated to enable the bubble removal module to remove the first bubble, including: determining a first position and a first volume of the first bubble according to the bubble information; controlling the electromagnetic adsorption unit to move a first distance in a second direction according to the first position, so that the electromagnetic adsorption unit and the first bubble are in the same plane in the first direction; controlling the electromagnetic power of the electromagnetic adsorption unit according to the first volume; The electromagnetic adsorption unit is controlled to move a second distance in the second direction, so that after the electromagnetic adsorption unit adsorbs the magnetic nanoparticles, the first bubble is driven to move the second distance along the infusion tube in the second direction and then the first bubble is removed. The electromagnetic adsorption unit has the electromagnetic power, and the first bubble enters the drip bucket or the infusion bottle after moving the second distance.

8. The infusion control method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The obtaining of the backflow cause and performing backflow processing according to the backflow cause include: Acquire a first height from the infusion bottle to the needle on the infusion tube, where the first height is detected by the monitoring module; When the first height is less than a preset height, the backflow cause is configured as the height of the infusion bottle being too low, and the infusion support rod is controlled to rise to a second height along a second direction so that the first height is greater than or equal to the preset height; When the first height is greater than or equal to a preset height, detecting blockage information of the infusion tube by the monitoring module; If the blockage information indicates that the infusion tube is twisted, folded, and / or contains foreign matter, the cause of backflow is configured as infusion tube blockage, and blockage information is generated to the monitoring terminal so that medical personnel can straighten the infusion tube or replace the infusion tube; When the blockage information indicates that the infusion tube is not twisted, folded, or has no foreign matter, the pathological information is obtained; when the pathological information indicates cardiac insufficiency and / or elevated venous pressure in the patient, abnormal pathological information is generated and sent to the monitoring terminal so that medical personnel can perform treatment; When the pathological information indicates that the pathology is normal, abnormal infusion information is generated and sent to the monitoring terminal so that medical staff can handle the abnormality.

9. An infusion control system, characterized in that: include: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the infusion control method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 when executing the computer program.

10. A computer storage medium, characterized in that The computer storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, and the computer-executable instructions are used to execute the infusion control method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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