Full-automatic nut tapping machine with positioning mechanism

Abstract

The invention provides a full-automatic nut tapping machine with a positioning mechanism, and relates to the technical field of nut tapping machines.The full-automatic nut tapping machine comprises a vibration feeding device, a driving shaft is arranged below the vibration feeding device, an arc-shaped sliding groove is formed in the driving shaft, a nut fixing platform is arranged below the driving shaft, and a fourth transmission shaft is arranged on the nut fixing platform; a clamping plate rotating disc is arranged below the driving shaft, an arc-shaped clamping plate is arranged on the clamping plate rotating disc, a special-shaped clamping plate is arranged on the clamping plate rotating disc, and a lead screw nut is arranged at the lower end of the special-shaped clamping plate. According to the mechanism, an annular main shaft baffle, an L-shaped rod, a lead screw and a special-shaped clamping plate serve as the core, mode switching is achieved through mechanical linkage, when a common nut is machined, a handle of an inclined face switching plate is pulled to enable a circular tool to ascend, and a sixth horizontal gear is disengaged from a fourth transmission shaft.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of nut tapping machines, and more specifically, relates to a full-automatic nut tapping machine with a positioning mechanism. Background Art

[0002] As one of the most widely used basic fasteners in the machinery industry, nuts are important throughout all dimensions of the global industrial system, from the precise connection of engine components in automobile manufacturing to the high-strength fastening of aircraft structures in the aerospace field, from the precise assembly of micro-components in electronic equipment to the reliable connection of steel structures in construction projects. Nuts, with their standardized design and stable mechanical properties, have become the "industrial cells" that ensure the normal operation of various complex mechanical systems. The quality of their processing directly determines the performance ceiling of the end product.

[0003] The current nut tapping machine has been found to have at least the following technical problems:

[0004] First, in the field of nut processing, with the accelerated advancement of industrial automation, the contradiction between the adaptability of the fixture of traditional tapping equipment and the diversified needs of workpiece types has become increasingly prominent. The fixing devices of current mainstream equipment are mostly designed around the processing needs of standard round nuts, and generally adopt structurally fixed slots, pneumatic clamps or electromagnetic suction cups and other clamping methods. They can only achieve the positioning of regular-shaped workpieces such as conventional hexagonal nuts and cylindrical nuts through strict size matching. The design concept of this type of fixing device is rooted in standardized production scenarios. The fixedness of its mechanical structure and the singleness of its motion logic expose significant limitations when facing the growing demand for special-shaped nut processing in the industrial field.

[0005] Second, in the field of nut processing, with the acceleration of industrial automation, there is a significant contradiction between the adaptability of the fixed fixtures of traditional tapping equipment and the diversified needs of workpiece types. Most of them are designed for standard round nuts, using structurally fixed slots, pneumatic clamps or electromagnetic suction cups, and can only position conventional hexagonal nuts and cylindrical nuts by size matching. When faced with special-shaped nuts such as annular, butterfly, and with bosses / flanges, traditional clamps are difficult to provide uniform radial clamping force or specific angle positioning. When switching to process different types of nuts, it is necessary to frequently dismantle the old fixture, clean the installation surface, position and calibrate the new fixture, and conduct trial operation and debugging. A single change of model takes up to several hours, and manual operation can easily introduce positioning errors, resulting in a decrease in the overall efficiency of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a fully automatic nut tapping machine with a positioning mechanism to solve the above problems.

[0007] A fully automatic nut tapping machine with a positioning mechanism includes a vibrating feeding device, a driving shaft is provided below the vibrating feeding device, an arc-shaped slide groove is provided on the driving shaft, a nut fixing platform is provided below the driving shaft, a fourth transmission shaft is provided on the nut fixing platform, a splint turntable is provided below the driving shaft, an arc-shaped splint is provided on the splint turntable, a special-shaped splint is provided on the splint turntable, a screw nut is provided at the lower end of the special-shaped splint, and a fixing mechanism is provided on the splint turntable, which is used to fix unprocessed nuts and can flexibly switch between the fixing modes of special-shaped nuts and ordinary nuts. A unloading mechanism is provided between the driving shaft and the splint turntable, which is used to automatically unload the tapped nuts from the processing station and send them to a designated area.

[0008] Preferably, the fixing mechanism includes an annular main shaft baffle, a sliding groove is provided on the annular main shaft baffle, an "L"-shaped rod is provided in the sliding groove provided on the driving shaft, the bottom of the "L"-shaped rod is fixedly connected to the splint turntable, a fourth transmission shaft is provided on the splint turntable, a sixth flat gear is engaged on the fourth transmission shaft, a screw rod is provided on the sixth flat gear, and two sets of opposite threads are provided on the screw rod, a circular tool is provided on the circular tool, several sliding grooves are provided on the circular tool, a "V"-shaped groove is provided below the circular tool, an inclined plane switching plate is provided in the "V"-shaped groove provided below the circular tool, and a handle is fixedly installed on the inclined plane switching plate.

[0009] The transmission gear of the present invention is fixedly mounted on the driving shaft, and the transmission gear is engaged with the transmission gear of the driving shaft by the spring, and the transmission gear is engaged with the transmission gear of the driving shaft by the spring.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0011] The present invention realizes rapid adaptation of different types of nuts by providing a fixing mechanism with flexible switching fixing modes. The mechanism is centered on an annular spindle baffle, an "L"-shaped rod, a screw and a special-shaped splint, and realizes mode switching through mechanical linkage. When processing ordinary nuts, the handle of the inclined switching plate is pulled to raise the circular tooling, and the sixth flat gear is disengaged from the fourth transmission shaft. Only the arc splint clamps the nut through the radial movement generated by the rotation of the splint turntable. The lower end slider slides in the arc slide groove and cooperates with the spring collet to achieve elastic clamping to avoid rigid damage. When processing special-shaped nuts, the circular tooling is lowered to reset the sixth flat gear to engage, and the screw drives the special-shaped splint to move relative to each other through two sets of reverse threads, so as to accurately position the bottom structure of nuts such as annular and butterfly shapes. This design does not require disassembly of the fixture, and changes the transmission path through the mechanical structure, shortening the traditional manual changeover time of several hours to minutes, solving the problem of fixture adaptation efficiency in multi-variety production, improving the response speed of the production line to different workpieces, and reducing the error accumulation caused by manual intervention.

[0012] In the present invention, a composite clamping system is constructed by providing an arc-shaped splint with a spring chuck and a special-shaped splint driven by a screw rod to improve positioning accuracy. The spring structure of the arc-shaped splint enables it to automatically adjust the clamping force through elastic deformation when clamping a standard nut, avoiding crushing due to over-tightening or slipping due to over-loosening. The arc-shaped slide groove constrains its movement trajectory when the splint turntable rotates, ensuring uniform distribution of radial force. The special-shaped splint is synchronously moved by screw rod transmission, which significantly improves the stability of tapping quality. It is especially suitable for mechanical assembly scenarios with high precision requirements, reducing scrap rate and rework costs caused by positioning errors.

[0013] In the present invention, a fully automated circulation system for the tapping process is constructed by providing a feeding mechanism with a "spindle rack-multi-stage gear transmission". The up and down movement of the active shaft is synchronously driven by the rigidly connected spindle rack to drive the first flat gear, the second flat gear and other multi-stage gear transmission components, and the linear motion is accurately converted into the rotation of the nut fixing platform: when the tapping process is completed, the platform is driven by the transmission chain to rotate 70° counterclockwise, and the processed nuts are automatically thrown to the designated area; when the active shaft descends to enter the next processing cycle, the platform is reset to the initial position clockwise, accurately receiving the nuts to be processed delivered by the vibrating feeding device, and the mechanism does not require additional dynamic configuration. The power source completely relies on the kinetic energy of the active axis to achieve closed-loop control of "loading-processing-unloading". The accuracy and repeatability of the action sequence are ensured through the rigid constraints of mechanical transmission. The full-process automation design completely abandons the manual unloading and loading operations in traditional processes, avoiding the safety risks of manual contact with high-temperature workpieces or exposure to iron chips flying environment. At the same time, the non-processing time is shortened through the coherent action connection, so that the equipment can operate continuously and stably in an efficient working state. This design that integrates processing power and auxiliary actions in the same transmission chain not only simplifies the equipment structure, but also improves the standardization of the production process by reducing human intervention.

[0014] In the present invention, a fully enclosed protective shell is provided with a metal frame combined with an anti-splash baffle design, which covers the processing area to form a physical barrier, which can effectively intercept iron chips and coolant splashed during tapping to avoid injury to operators. At the same time, the processing status can be monitored in real time through the transparent observation window to reduce the safety hazards caused by frequent opening and closing; there is also an integrated waste treatment pool connected to the bottom of the protective shell, which has a built-in multi-stage filtration system to separate and treat waste and coolant. The cleaned coolant is circulated and reused through a water pump, and the waste is collected and recycled. This design avoids waste scattering and polluting the workshop, realizes resource recycling, reduces waste of consumables and production costs, complies with the concept of green manufacturing and sustainable production, and provides a safe, clean and efficient environmental protection for automated processing scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the vibration feeding device of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the protective shell structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the circular tooling structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the nut fixing platform structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the special-shaped splint of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the splint turntable of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the annular spindle baffle of the present invention.

[0023] In the figure, the correspondence between the component names and the drawing numbers is: 11. Vibrating feeding device; 13. Protective shell; 14. Waste treatment tank; 15. Spindle fixing plate; 16. Driving shaft; 17. Clamp turntable; 18. Circular tooling; 21. Spindle rack; 22. First flat gear; 23. First rotating shaft; 24. Second flat gear; 25. Second transmission shaft; 26. Third flat gear; 27. Gear drive belt; 28. Fourth flat gear; 29. ​​Third transmission shaft; 31. Fifth flat gear; 32. Unloading rod; 33. Nut fixing platform; 34. Fourth transmission shaft; 35. Sixth flat gear; 36. Screw; 37. Special-shaped clamping plate; 41. Arc clamping plate; 43. "L"-shaped rod; 44. Annular spindle baffle; 46. Bevel switching plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0025] See also Figures 1-8 The present invention provides a fully automatic nut tapping machine with a positioning mechanism, including a vibrating feeder 11, which is used to automatically arrange nuts and feed the nuts to be processed into the processing station. A driving shaft 16 is provided below the vibrating feeder 11. Through PLC programming, the driving shaft 16 can move along the Z axis to drive the tap to rotate for tapping. An arc-shaped slide groove is provided on the driving shaft 16. A nut fixing platform 33 is provided below the driving shaft 16. A fourth transmission shaft 34 is provided on the nut fixing platform 33. The fourth transmission shaft 34 can drive the nut fixing platform 33 to flip and throw the processed nuts out of the processing station. A splint turntable 17 is provided below the driving shaft 16, and an arc-shaped splint 41 is provided on the splint turntable 17. An arc-shaped slide is provided on the splint turntable 17. The lower end of the arc-shaped splint 41 is a slider that moves in the arc-shaped slide provided in the splint turntable 17. A chuck is connected to the arc-shaped splint 41 through a spring. When the splint turntable 17 rotates, the arc-shaped splint 41 moves toward the center under the action of the arc-shaped slide to clamp the nut. A special-shaped splint 37 is provided on the splint turntable 17, and a screw nut is provided at the lower end of the special-shaped splint 37. When processing special-shaped nuts (such as ring nuts and butterfly nuts), the special-shaped splint 37 can fix the lower end of the special-shaped nut.

[0026] A fixing mechanism is provided on the splint turntable 17, which is used to fix unprocessed nuts and can flexibly switch between the fixing modes of special-shaped nuts and ordinary nuts. A unloading mechanism is provided between the driving shaft 16 and the splint turntable 17, which is used to automatically unload the tapped nuts from the processing station and send them to the designated area.

[0027] In this embodiment, Figure 4 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 As shown, the fixing mechanism includes an annular spindle baffle 44, a sliding groove is provided on the annular spindle baffle 44, and an "L"-shaped rod 43 is provided in the sliding groove provided on the driving shaft 16. The "L"-shaped rod 43 is a sleeve design. The bottom of the "L"-shaped rod 43 is fixedly connected to the splint turntable 17. The front end of the "L"-shaped rod 43 slides in the sliding groove provided on the annular spindle baffle 44. When the driving shaft 16 moves up and down during the tapping process, the position of the annular spindle baffle 44 remains unchanged. The "L"-shaped rod 43 in the sliding groove provided on the driving shaft 16 drives the splint turntable 17 to rotate under the action of the annular spindle baffle 44. A fourth transmission shaft 34 is provided on the splint turntable 17. A sixth flat gear 35 is meshed with the fourth transmission shaft 34. A screw rod 36 is provided on the sixth flat gear 35. The screw rod There are two sets of opposite threads on 36, and the screw nut at the bottom of the special-shaped splint 37 is threadedly connected to the screw rod 36. The rotation of the screw rod 36 drives the two special-shaped splints 37 to approach each other to clamp the bottom of the special-shaped nut. A circular tooling 18 is provided on the splint turntable 17, and several slide grooves are opened on the circular tooling 18. The slide grooves on the circular tooling 18 are used to limit the movement direction of the arc splint 41 and the special-shaped splint 37. A "V"-shaped groove is opened under the circular tooling 18, and a bevel switching plate 46 is provided in the "V"-shaped groove opened under the circular tooling 18. A handle is fixedly installed on the bevel switching plate 46. Pulling the handle can make the circular tooling 18 rise. At the same time, the sixth flat gear 35 no longer engages with the fourth transmission shaft 34, thereby switching the mode of the fixing mechanism.

[0028] In this embodiment, Figure 1 , Figure 3 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 ,and Figure 8As shown, the unloading mechanism includes a spindle rack 21, which is fixed to the driving shaft 16. When the driving shaft 16 moves, the spindle rack 21 also moves up and down synchronously. A first flat gear 22 is meshed with the spindle rack 21, and a first rotating shaft 23 is provided on the first flat gear 22. The spindle fixing plate 15 is rotatably mounted on the first rotating shaft 23. A second flat gear 24 is meshed with the first flat gear 22. When the spindle rack 21 moves and drives the first flat gear 22 to rotate, the second flat gear 24 rotates in the same direction as the first flat gear 22. The second transmission shaft 25 is rotatably mounted on the main shaft fixing plate 15, the second flat gear 24 and the second transmission shaft 25 are fixedly mounted, the third flat gear 26 is fixedly mounted on the second transmission shaft 25, the third flat gear 26 is meshed with a gear transmission belt 27, the gear transmission belt 27 is meshed with a fourth flat gear 28, the fourth flat gear 28 is fixedly mounted with a third transmission shaft 29, the third transmission shaft 29 is fixedly mounted with a fifth flat gear 31, the fifth flat gear 31 is meshed with a blanking rod 32, and an "L"-shaped rod 43 is rotatably mounted on the splint turntable 17, the discharge rod 32 and the nut fixing platform 33 are fixedly connected, and a protective shell 13 for preventing iron chips from splashing is provided under the vibrating feeding device 11, and a transparent observation window is provided on the protective shell 13, a waste treatment pool 14 is provided on the protective shell 13, and a water pump is provided on the waste treatment pool 14, and a rolling groove connected to the waste treatment pool 14 is opened on the protective shell 13, and the waste treatment pool 14 is used to recycle the processed nuts and filter out the coolant for recycling. When the driving shaft 16 rises, the fifth flat gear 31 drives the discharge rod 32 and the nut fixing platform 33 to rotate counterclockwise 70 degrees to throw out the processed nuts, and the thrown nuts fall into the rolling groove on the protective shell 13, and the processed nuts fall into the waste treatment pool 14 along the rolling groove. When the driving shaft 16 descends, the fifth flat gear 31 drives the discharge rod 32 and the nut fixing platform 33 to rotate clockwise and reset to the circular tooling 18, and the vibrating feeding device 11 transmits the next unprocessed nut to the circular tooling 18 through vibration.

[0029] Working principle:

[0030] In the first step, after the staff debugs the equipment, they open the door panel of the protective shell 13 and adjust the fixing mechanism according to the type of nut to be processed: if it is an ordinary nut, turn the handle on the bevel switching plate 46 counterclockwise, and lift the circular tooling 18 through the bevel switching plate 46 to disengage the sixth flat gear 35 from the fourth transmission shaft 34, and only clamp it through the arc-shaped clamping plate 41; if it is a special-shaped nut (such as annular or butterfly-shaped), turn the handle on the bevel switching plate 46 clockwise, lower the circular tooling 18 to reset it, and the sixth flat gear 35 re-engages with the fourth transmission shaft 34 to provide power for the linkage of the special-shaped clamping plate 37.

[0031] In the second step, after the preparation work is completed, the unprocessed nuts are added to the vibrating feeding device 11. The vibrating feeding device 11 arranges the nuts therein neatly by vibration. The driving shaft 16 falls and drives the main shaft rack 21 to move downward, driving the fifth flat gear 31 to rotate counterclockwise, and drives the nut fixing platform 33 to rotate clockwise to the circular tooling 18. At this time, the vibrating feeding device 11 transports the nuts to the nut fixing platform 33 by vibration, and the driving shaft 16 drives the "L"-shaped rod 43 to rotate along the slide groove opened on the annular main shaft baffle 44. The "L"-shaped rod 43 When driving the splint turntable 17 to rotate, under the action of the upper limit slide groove of the circular tooling 18, the slide groove on the splint turntable 17 rotates and drives the three arc-shaped splints 41 to move relative to each other, and stops after reaching the designated location. The rotation of the splint turntable 17 drives the fourth transmission shaft 34 thereon to rotate, and the fourth transmission shaft 34 drives the sixth flat gear 35 and the screw rod 36 to rotate through engagement. The screw rod 36 is provided with two sets of opposite threads. The screw rod 36 drives the special-shaped splint 37 to move relative to each other through the threaded connection and the upper limit groove of the circular tooling 18, thereby clamping the bottom of the special-shaped nut.

[0032] In the third step, the driving shaft 16 controls the Z-axis movement through the PLC, driving the tap to rotate and complete the tapping. During this period, the protective shell 13 prevents iron chips from splashing, and the waste treatment pool 14 recycles waste and recycles the coolant. After the tapping is completed, the driving shaft 16 moves upward, and the "L"-shaped rod 43 slides in the opposite direction to reset the splint turntable 17, and the arc splint 41 and the special-shaped splint 37 loosen the nut; at the same time, the spindle rack 21 drives the fifth flat gear 31 to rotate clockwise, and the nut fixing platform 33 rotates 70° counterclockwise, throwing the finished nut into the rolling groove set on the protective shell 13, and the finished nut then falls into the waste treatment pool 14 waiting for the staff to collect it. Then the driving shaft 16 moves downward and resets, the platform returns to its original position, and the vibrating feeding device 11 transports the next nut to be processed and enters the next cycle.

[0033] The embodiments of the present invention are presented for purposes of illustration and description and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the disclosed forms. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The embodiments are chosen and described in order to better illustrate the principles of the invention and its practical application and to enable those skilled in the art to understand the invention and design various embodiments with various modifications as suited for specific applications.

Claims

1. A fully automatic nut tapping machine with a positioning mechanism, comprising: The invention comprises a vibrating feeding device (11), wherein a driving shaft (16) is provided below the vibrating feeding device (11), an arc-shaped slide groove is provided on the driving shaft (16), a nut fixing platform (33) is provided below the driving shaft (16), a fourth transmission shaft (34) is provided on the nut fixing platform (33), a clamping plate turntable (17) is provided below the driving shaft (16), an arc-shaped clamping plate (41) is provided on the clamping plate turntable (17), a special-shaped clamping plate (37) is provided on the clamping plate turntable (17), and a screw nut is provided at the lower end of the special-shaped clamping plate (37); A fixing mechanism is provided on the splint turntable (17), and the fixing mechanism is used to fix unprocessed nuts and can flexibly switch between the fixing modes of special-shaped nuts and ordinary nuts. A blanking mechanism is provided between the driving shaft (16) and the splint turntable (17), and the blanking mechanism is used to automatically unload the tapped nuts from the processing station and send them to a designated area.

2. A fully automatic nut tapping machine with a positioning mechanism as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism comprises an annular main shaft baffle (44), a sliding groove is provided on the annular main shaft baffle (44), an "L"-shaped rod (43) is provided in the sliding groove provided on the driving shaft (16), and the bottom of the "L"-shaped rod (43) is fixedly connected to the clamping plate turntable (17).

3. A fully automatic nut tapping machine with a positioning mechanism as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: A fourth transmission shaft (34) is provided on the clamping plate turntable (17), a sixth flat gear (35) is meshed on the fourth transmission shaft (34), and a screw rod (36) is provided on the sixth flat gear (35).

4. A fully automatic nut tapping machine with a positioning mechanism as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The screw rod (36) is provided with two sets of opposite threads, the clamping plate turntable (17) is provided with a circular tool (18), and the circular tool (18) is provided with a plurality of sliding grooves.

5. A fully automatic nut tapping machine with a positioning mechanism as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: A V-shaped groove is provided below the circular tooling (18), an inclined plane switching plate (46) is provided in the V-shaped groove provided below the circular tooling (18), and a handle is fixedly mounted on the inclined plane switching plate (46).

6. A fully automatic nut tapping machine with a positioning mechanism as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The blanking mechanism comprises a main shaft rack (21), the main shaft rack (21) is fixedly mounted on the driving shaft (16), a first spur gear (22) is meshed on the main shaft rack (21), and a first rotating shaft (23) is provided on the first spur gear (22).

7. A fully automatic nut tapping machine with a positioning mechanism as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: A main shaft fixing plate (15) is rotatably mounted on the first rotating shaft (23), a second spur gear (24) is meshed with the first spur gear (22), and a second transmission shaft (25) is rotatably mounted on the main shaft fixing plate (15).

8. A fully automatic nut tapping machine with a positioning mechanism as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The second spur gear (24) and the second transmission shaft (25) are fixedly mounted, a third spur gear (26) is fixedly mounted on the second transmission shaft (25), a gear transmission belt (27) is meshed on the third spur gear (26), and a fourth spur gear (28) is meshed on the gear transmission belt (27).

9. A fully automatic nut tapping machine with a positioning mechanism as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: A third transmission shaft (29) is fixedly mounted on the fourth spur gear (28), a fifth spur gear (31) is fixedly mounted on the third transmission shaft (29), a blanking rod (32) is meshed with the fifth spur gear (31), the "L"-shaped rod (43) is rotatably mounted on the clamping plate turntable (17), and the blanking rod (32) is fixedly connected to the nut fixing platform (33).

10. A fully automatic nut tapping machine with a positioning mechanism as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: A protective shell (13) is provided below the vibrating feeding device (11), a rolling groove is provided on the protective shell (13), and a waste treatment pool (14) is provided on the protective shell (13).

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