Targeted egg yolk cholesterol removal device and method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a targeted egg yolk cholesterol removal device and method, the device comprises a heating device, an infrared sensor, a liquid taking rod and other key components, and the temperature, layering position detection and supernate collection in the liquid treatment process can be accurately controlled. The whole process flow comprises the following steps: firstly, diluting the egg yolk with a NaCl solution, treating with phospholipase and performing enzyme deactivation treatment; then, determining a layering position by using an infrared sensor, and collecting supernate to a lower stirring tank. And then adjusting the pH value, and adding beta-cyclodextrin for further reaction. And finally, transferring the precipitate to a lower stirring tank through a high-pressure air pump, mixing the precipitate with the supernate, and performing centrifugal treatment to obtain the yolk with the cholesterol content greatly reduced. The phospholipase and cyclodextrin adopted in the invention are natural substances, have no toxic or side effect, and are safe and reliable. In the process of removing cholesterol, harmful substances are not generated, and the method is environment-friendly; the provided equipment is high in function integration degree, the number, cost and energy consumption of the equipment are reduced, and material loss is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of stirring devices, in particular to a device and method for targeted removal of egg yolk cholesterol. Background Art

[0002] β-cyclodextrin encapsulation is widely used for removing cholesterol from egg yolk due to its non-toxicity and safety. However, it still faces several technical challenges. First, the egg yolk system is complex, with cholesterol tightly bound to other components of low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Directly encapsulating cholesterol in egg yolk with cyclodextrin results in low removal efficiency. Second, the removal of cyclodextrin-cholesterol inclusion complexes from the egg yolk system can easily lead to loss of yolk particles, affecting the quality and nutritional value of the egg yolk. Regarding the removal equipment, existing mixing equipment presents difficulties in separating the supernatant and precipitate formed after egg yolk processing, making it difficult to accurately and effectively separate the two. Furthermore, the separated supernatant and precipitate often require further stirring. Current technology typically requires multiple sets of equipment to achieve this process: separation is completed first, followed by stirring of the supernatant and precipitate separately. This results in a complex equipment setup and a cumbersome industrial production process. This not only increases equipment and maintenance costs, but also reduces production efficiency, making it unsuitable for large-scale industrial production. It can be seen from this that the development of a device and method that can target the removal of cholesterol from egg yolks is of great practical significance for promoting the upgrading of the egg products industry and meeting consumers' demand for low-cholesterol foods. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for targeted removal of egg yolk cholesterol, so as to solve the problem that it is difficult to separate the supernatant and the sedimentation layer formed after egg yolk treatment in existing stirring equipment.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A method for targeted removal of egg yolk cholesterol, comprising the following steps: S1. Yolk separation: Separate the egg yolk from the egg white, remove the egg white and ligament on the surface of the egg yolk, pierce the egg yolk membrane, and collect the egg yolk liquid for later use; S2. Add the egg yolk solution in step S1 to the upper stirring tank, add an equal mass of NaCl solution to dilute, and stir the mixture evenly inside the upper stirring tank with the lower stirring blade in a stationary state; S3, adding a certain amount of phospholipase to the upper stirring tank, mixing again and reacting for a certain time; S4, the heating device heats the egg yolk liquid after enzymatic hydrolysis in step S3 to inactivate the enzyme, and then cools it; S5, centrifuging the egg yolk solution after enzyme inactivation in step S4 at 10,000 rpm for 20 min to obtain a supernatant and a precipitate, and collecting the supernatant into a lower stirring tank; S6. Adjust the pH of the supernatant in the lower stirring tank, add a certain amount of β-cyclodextrin, rotate the lower stirring blade to stir the supernatant, centrifuge at 4000 rpm for 10 min, and discharge the precipitate from the liquid outlet; S7, the precipitate in the upper stirring tank is pressed into the lower stirring tank through the drainage inner tube, and the supernatant obtained in step S6 is combined with the precipitate in step S5 to obtain the egg yolk after cholesterol removal; In a preferred embodiment, in step S2, the concentration of NaCl is 0.16 mol / L, the stirring speed is 900-1100 rpm, and the stirring time is 1 h.

[0005] In a preferred embodiment, in step S3, the addition ratio of phospholipase is 2% (w / w), the reaction temperature is 50° C., and the reaction time is 40 min; In step S4, the enzyme is inactivated at 95° C. for 5 minutes.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment, in step S5, the precipitate is washed twice with 0.16 mol / L NaCl; In step S6, the pH is 4-9, the amount of added β-cyclodextrin is: the molar ratio of egg yolk cholesterol to β-cyclodextrin is 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, the reaction temperature is 25-50°C, and the stirring reaction conditions are 900-1100 rpm and stirring for 10-60 minutes.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, in step S5, after the upper stirring tank is cooled, a supernatant and a sediment are formed. The infrared sensor penetrates the supernatant liquid and irradiates the surface of the sediment layer. The positions of the supernatant and sediment layers are calculated by a computer. The liquid collecting rod is controlled to approach the upper surface of the supernatant to start collecting the supernatant into the lower stirring tank. As the supernatant descends, the end of the liquid collecting rod also descends. When the liquid collecting rod approaches the upper surface of the sediment, the collection of the supernatant stops. In a preferred embodiment, the upper stirring tank and the lower stirring tank are arranged vertically, and a first motor is provided between the two. The upper output shaft of the first motor is respectively connected to the centrifugal stirring barrel inside the upper stirring tank, and the lower output shaft of the first motor is connected to the lower stirring blade inside the lower stirring tank; The lower part of the upper stirring tank is connected to the upper part of the lower stirring tank through a liquid drainage inner pipe. The upper part of the upper stirring tank is also provided with a liftable liquid taking rod, which is connected to the lower stirring tank through a liquid taking pipe. The outer ring of the upper stirring tank is also provided with a heating device.

[0008] In the preferred embodiment, an infrared sensor is further provided inside the upper stirring tank. The infrared sensor is arranged on the top of the upper stirring tank. The upper stirring tank detects the position of the supernatant and the sedimentation layer. The liquid taking rod takes the liquid and separates the supernatant into the lower stirring tank.

[0009] In the preferred embodiment, the lower portion of the upper stirring tank is connected to the upper portion of the lower stirring tank via a fixing base, which includes an upper fixing base and a lower fixing base, wherein the lower portion of the upper stirring tank is connected to the upper fixing base, and the upper portion of the lower stirring tank is connected to the lower fixing base; A cavity is provided between the upper fixing seat and the lower fixing seat.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the first motor is arranged in a cavity between the upper fixing seat and the lower fixing seat, and the upper and lower ends of the first motor are connected to the lower stirring blade and the centrifugal stirring barrel through a lower clutch and an upper clutch respectively.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, a control circuit is further provided in the cavity, and the control circuit is electrically connected to the lower clutch and the upper clutch; The control circuit drives the lower clutch and / or the upper clutch to connect internally, thereby driving the lower stirring blade and / or the centrifugal stirring barrel to rotate.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the lower clutch includes a driving docking seat, which is connected to the first motor via an output shaft, and the lower stirring blade passes through the lower fixed seat via a driven shaft and is rotatably connected to the lower fixed seat. The upper part of the driven shaft is connected to the driven docking seat via a spline, and the driving docking seat is provided with a plurality of slots, and the driven docking seat is provided with a plurality of matching blocks, and a guide slope is provided on one side of the block; An electric push rod is also provided on one side of the lower clutch, and a shift ring is rotatably provided in the annular groove in the middle of the driven docking seat, and one side of the shift ring is connected with the pushing end of the electric push rod.

[0013] In the preferred embodiment, the electric push rod is arranged at the lower position of the fixed seat of the "C"-shaped structure, the push ring at the upper end of the electric push rod abuts against the rod body on one side of the dial ring, and the guide rod on the push ring passes through the rod body and the upper position of the fixed seat; A spring is arranged between the lower surface of the upper part of the fixing seat and the rod body on one side of the shifting ring.

[0014] In the preferred embodiment, the liquid collection rod passes through the upper stirring tank and is slidingly and sealedly connected to the upper stirring tank. The outside of the liquid collection rod is covered with a protective cover. A screw is provided on one side of the liquid collection rod. The upper end of the screw is connected to the second motor. One end of the nut plate on the screw is connected to the end of the liquid collection rod. The upper end of the liquid collection rod is connected to the lower stirring tank through a curved liquid collection pipe.

[0015] In the preferred embodiment, a first electric valve is provided on the inner drain pipe; The upper end of the inner discharge pipe is connected to the tapered port at the lower end of the upper stirring tank, and the upper part of the upper stirring tank is connected to the high-pressure air pump through the high-pressure air pipe; A second electric valve is provided on the liquid extraction pipeline.

[0016] In the preferred embodiment, the outer ring of the upper opening of the centrifugal mixing barrel is rotatably connected to the interior of the upper mixing tank via a bearing ring; At least two electric drain ports are symmetrically arranged at the lower part of the centrifugal mixing barrel; A raised structure is also provided in the middle of the centrifugal mixing barrel; A fixed paddle is also provided on the top of the upper mixing tank, and the blades of the fixed paddle extend into the interior of the centrifugal mixing barrel.

[0017] The present invention provides a device and method for targeted removal of egg yolk cholesterol. The upper and lower stirring tanks are connected by specific components, which makes material transfer convenient and reduces pollution. The fixing seat facilitates equipment assembly and protects the motor. In the power system, the first motor combined with the clutch can flexibly drive the stirring blade, the control circuit realizes automatic and precise control, and the lower clutch structure ensures stable power transmission. In terms of separation and transportation, the liquid collection rod accurately collects the supernatant with the cooperation of multiple components, the protective cover extends its life, each electric valve accurately controls liquid transportation, and the high-pressure air pump efficiently transports the precipitate. The functional integration is high, the number of equipment, cost and energy consumption are reduced, and material loss is reduced. The entire device has a high degree of automation, which reduces human errors, improves product quality stability, and heats to inactivate enzymes to ensure stable subsequent processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the egg yolk cholesterol removal and stirring device of the present invention; Figure 2 1. It is a diagram showing the internal structure of the clutch of the present invention; Figure 3 Cholesterol removal rate from egg yolk under different pH (A), temperature (B), time (C) and β-cyclodextrin addition (D) conditions; Figure 4 Changes in fat content (A) and phospholipid loss rate (B) after removing egg yolk cholesterol; Figure 5 Changes in protein concentration (A) and protein composition (B) after removing egg yolk cholesterol; Figure 6 Changes in emulsification (A) and foaming properties (B) after removing egg yolk cholesterol; In the figure: upper stirring tank 1; first inspection port 101; centrifugal stirring barrel 102; electric drain port 103; bearing ring 104; fixed slurry 105; heating device 2; upper fixing seat 3; lower fixing seat 4; drain inner tube 5; lower stirring tank 6; second inspection port 601; liquid outlet 602; lower stirring blade 7; lower clutch 8; output shaft 801; driving docking seat 802; driven docking seat 803; driven shaft 804; dial ring 805; first motor 9; upper clutch 10; control circuit 11; high-pressure air pump 12; liquid inlet 13; infrared sensor 14; liquid extraction rod 15; nut plate 16; screw 17; second motor 18; protective cover 19; liquid extraction pipeline 20; fixing seat 21; electric push rod 22; push ring 23; spring 24; guide rod 25. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] Example 1 like Figure 1-2 As shown, a device for targeted removal of egg yolk cholesterol is provided, wherein an upper stirring tank 1 and a lower stirring tank 6 are arranged vertically, and a first motor 9 is provided between the two. The upper output shaft of the first motor 9 is respectively connected to the centrifugal stirring barrel 102 inside the upper stirring tank 1, and the lower output shaft of the first motor 9 is connected to the lower stirring blade 7 inside the lower stirring tank 6; The lower part of the upper stirring tank 1 is connected to the upper part of the lower stirring tank 6 through the drainage inner pipe 5. The upper part of the upper stirring tank 1 is also provided with a liftable liquid collection rod 15, which is connected to the lower stirring tank 6 through a liquid collection pipe 20. The outer ring of the upper stirring tank 1 is also provided with a heating device 2.

[0020] The upper mixing tank 1 is the starting point for the entire removal process. First, egg yolk liquid and an equal amount of NaCl solution are added for dilution. Phospholipase is then added. The mixture is stirred and mixed thoroughly within the internal centrifugal mixing tank 102, driven by the first motor 9, to allow for a full reaction. After the reaction is complete, the phospholipase is inactivated by heating via the outer heating device 2. The upper mixing tank 1 is constructed of an insulating material, such as plastic or fiberglass. The heating device 2 utilizes electromagnetic heating, while the centrifugal mixing tank 102 is made of metal. The heating device 2 heats the centrifugal mixing tank 102 through the upper mixing tank 1.

[0021] In addition, the liquid taking rod 15 and the liquid discharge inner tube 5 are respectively connected to the lower stirring tank 6 to realize the transportation of the supernatant and the precipitate to the upper side.

[0022] The lower stirring tank 6 mainly receives the supernatant and sediment separated by the upper stirring tank 1. The supernatant is received through the liquid taking rod 15 and the liquid taking pipe 20, and the sediment is received through the liquid discharge inner pipe 5. The first motor 9 is installed between the upper stirring tank 1 and the lower stirring tank 6. The output shafts at both ends of the first motor 9 are connected to the centrifugal stirring barrel 102 and the stirring blades inside the upper stirring tank 1 and the lower stirring tank 6, respectively. The first motor 9 provides power to the centrifugal stirring barrel 102 and the stirring blades, enabling the stirring blades to rotate, thereby stirring the egg yolk liquid and the mixed liquid, making the solutions evenly mixed and promoting the reaction.

[0023] The inner drain pipe 5 connects the lower part of the upper stirring tank 1 with the upper part of the lower stirring tank 6. When the sediment in the upper stirring tank 1 is discharged, the electric drain port 103 below the centrifugal stirring barrel 102 is opened, and gas is then injected into the upper stirring tank 1. When the air pressure in the upper stirring tank 1 reaches the set value, the first electric valve on the inner drain pipe 5 is opened, and the sediment in the upper stirring tank 1 enters the lower stirring tank 6 through the inner drain pipe 5 under the action of pressure, thereby transporting the sediment.

[0024] The liquid collection rod 15 is arranged on the upper part of the upper stirring tank 1 and can be raised and lowered according to the positions of the supernatant and sediment layers detected by the infrared sensor 14. The supernatant in the upper stirring tank 1 is collected and transported to the lower stirring tank 6 through the liquid collection pipe 20 to achieve separation and transfer of the supernatant.

[0025] The liquid collection pipe 20 connects the liquid collection rod 15 and the lower stirring tank 6, and is a channel for the supernatant to be transported from the liquid collection rod 15 to the lower stirring tank 6. The sealing performance of the supernatant during the transportation process is guaranteed to prevent the supernatant from leaking and being contaminated by the outside world.

[0026] In the preferred embodiment, an infrared sensor 14 is further installed within the upper stirring tank 1. This infrared sensor 14 is mounted on the top of the upper stirring tank 1. The upper stirring tank 1 detects the locations of the supernatant and precipitate layers, and a liquid tapping rod 15 taps the supernatant and separates it into the lower stirring tank 6. The infrared sensor 14, mounted on the top of the upper stirring tank 1, penetrates the supernatant liquid and illuminates the surface of the precipitate layer, detecting the locations of the supernatant and precipitate layers. The detected data is transmitted to a computer, which calculates and controls the liquid tapping operation of the liquid tapping rod 15, ensuring that the liquid tapping rod 15 accurately collects the supernatant.

[0027] It can detect the stratification position in real time and accurately, and provide an accurate basis for liquid collection for the liquid collection rod 15. It greatly improves the accuracy and automation of supernatant separation, reduces the error of manual judgment, and improves production efficiency and product quality stability.

[0028] In the preferred embodiment, the lower part of the upper stirring tank 1 is connected to the upper part of the lower stirring tank 6 by a fixing base, which includes an upper fixing base 3 and a lower fixing base 4. The lower part of the upper stirring tank 1 is connected to the upper fixing base 3, and the upper part of the lower stirring tank 6 is connected to the lower fixing base 4. A cavity is provided between the upper fixing seat 3 and the lower fixing seat 4 .

[0029] The lower portion of the upper stirring tank 1 is connected to the upper portion of the lower stirring tank 6 via a fixed base. The fixed base includes an upper fixed base 3 and a lower fixed base 4. They are used to firmly connect the upper stirring tank 1 and the lower stirring tank 6, ensuring that the two stirring tanks maintain a relatively stable positional relationship during operation, avoiding shaking or displacement that affects the stirring effect and the safe operation of the equipment. The advantage is that this connection method has a stable structure and can withstand the vibration and force generated during the stirring process. The lower portion of the upper stirring tank 1 is connected to the upper fixed base 3, and the upper portion of the lower stirring tank 6 is connected to the lower fixed base 4, providing a stable structural foundation for the entire stirring device.

[0030] The cavity provided between the upper fixing base 3 and the lower fixing base 4 is used to provide installation space for the first motor 9. The advantage of this cavity is that it rationally utilizes the space between the mixing tanks, making the equipment layout more compact without occupying additional external space.

[0031] The first motor 9 is arranged in the cavity between the upper fixing seat 3 and the lower fixing seat 4. Its purpose is to provide power for the stirring blades inside the upper stirring tank 1 and the lower stirring tank 6, driving the stirring blades to rotate, thereby achieving the stirring and mixing operation of materials such as egg yolk liquid. The advantages of installing it in the cavity are twofold. First, it is convenient for assembly. When assembling the equipment, the motor is installed in this specific position. Compared with other complicated installation methods, the operation is simpler, the assembly difficulty is reduced, and the assembly efficiency is improved. Second, the installation position is hidden. The motor is hidden in the cavity between the fixing seats, avoiding direct exposure to the outside. This not only reduces the erosion of the motor by external environmental factors such as dust and water vapor, prolongs the service life of the motor, but also makes the overall appearance of the equipment more simple and beautiful, while reducing the possibility of danger caused by accidental touching of the motor by the operator.

[0032] In the preferred embodiment, the first motor 9 is arranged in the cavity between the upper fixing seat 3 and the lower fixing seat 4, and the upper and lower ends of the first motor 9 are connected to the lower stirring blade 7 and the centrifugal stirring barrel 102 through the lower clutch 8 and the upper clutch 10 respectively.

[0033] A control circuit 11 is also provided in the cavity, and the control circuit 11 is electrically connected to the lower clutch 8 and the upper clutch 10; The control circuit 11 drives the lower clutch 8 and / or the upper clutch 10 to connect internally, thereby driving the lower stirring blade 7 and / or the centrifugal stirring barrel 102 .

[0034] The first motor 9 is mounted in the cavity between the upper and lower mounting bases 3 and 4 and serves as a power source, providing rotational power for the entire stirring device. It transmits power to the lower stirring blades 7 and the centrifugal stirring drum 102 via the lower clutch 8 and upper clutch 10 connected at the upper and lower ends, respectively.

[0035] The lower clutch 8 and the upper clutch 10 are respectively connected to the upper and lower ends of the first motor 9 to control power transmission. When they are internally connected, the power of the first motor 9 can be transmitted to the corresponding lower stirring blades 7 and centrifugal stirring barrel 102, realizing the rotation of the stirring blades and the centrifugal stirring barrel 102; when they are disconnected, the power transmission is cut off. The advantage is that the working state of the stirring blades and the centrifugal stirring barrel 102 can be flexibly controlled, allowing the first motor 9 to drive the lower stirring blades 7 and the centrifugal stirring barrel 102 simultaneously or individually according to actual needs, meeting the stirring requirements at different stages and improving the targetedness and efficiency of stirring.

[0036] The control circuit 11 is arranged in the cavity between the upper fixing seat 3 and the lower fixing seat 4, and is electrically connected to the lower clutch 8 and the upper clutch 10. Its purpose is to control whether the lower clutch 8 and the upper clutch 10 are internally connected, so as to control the driving condition of the lower stirring blade 7 and the centrifugal stirring barrel 102 by the first motor 9. In the process of removing cholesterol from egg yolk, when different tasks are required in different steps, the control circuit 11 can accurately control it. The advantage is that through automatic control, the intelligence level of equipment operation is improved, manual intervention is reduced, and production efficiency and stability are improved. At the same time, a plurality of stirring modes can be realized by using a first motor 9, which reduces equipment cost and energy consumption.

[0037] The lower stirring blades 7 and centrifugal stirring drum 102 are used to agitate the contents of the mixing tank when the first motor 9 transmits power via the clutch. Their rotation ensures thorough mixing of the egg yolk solution and the added reagents, accelerating the reaction and enhancing cholesterol removal. Their advantage lies in their direct action on the material, making them key components in achieving the stirring function. Their rational design and efficient stirring action play a significant role in the overall effectiveness of the egg yolk cholesterol removal process.

[0038] In the preferred embodiment, the lower clutch 8 includes a driving docking seat 802, which is connected to the first motor 9 through the output shaft 801, and the lower stirring blade 7 passes through the lower fixed seat 4 through the driven shaft 804 and is rotatably connected to the lower fixed seat 4. The upper part of the driven shaft 804 is connected to the driven docking seat 803 through a spline, and a plurality of slots are provided on the driving docking seat 802, and a plurality of matching blocks are provided on the driven docking seat 803, and a guide slope is provided on one side of the block; the lower clutch 8 and the upper clutch 10 are arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner.

[0039] An electric push rod 22 is further provided on one side of the lower clutch 8, and a shift ring 805 is rotatably provided in an annular groove in the middle of the driven docking seat 803, and one side of the shift ring 805 is connected to the pushing end of the electric push rod 22.

[0040] The driving docking station 802 is connected to the first motor 9 via the output shaft 801. It receives the power output from the first motor 9 and transmits it to the driven docking station 803, thereby driving the lower stirring blade 7 to rotate. The driving docking station 802 is provided with multiple slots, which cooperate with the blocks on the driven docking station 803 and are the key structure for power transmission. The advantage is that this slot-block design ensures stable power transmission, ensuring that the lower stirring blade 7 receives continuous and stable power during operation, ensuring a good stirring effect.

[0041] The driven docking seat 803 is connected to the driven shaft 804 via a spline. The driven shaft 804 passes through the lower fixed seat 4 and is rotationally connected thereto. The lower stirring blade 7 is mounted on the driven shaft 804. The purpose of the driven docking seat 803 is to transmit the power of the driving docking seat 802 to the driven shaft 804 after docking with the driving docking seat 802, thereby driving the lower stirring blade 7 to stir the material. The guide bevel on one side of the block not only facilitates quick and accurate docking with the slot of the driving docking seat 802, but also limits the driven docking seat 803 to only clockwise rotation for stirring. This design ensures consistent stirring direction, which is very important for processes with specific stirring direction requirements. The advantage is that it improves the standardization of stirring and the accuracy of the process.

[0042] The electric push rod 22 is mounted on one side of the lower clutch 8 and is used to precisely control the position of the driven docking station 803, driven by the control circuit 11. When the control circuit 11 issues a command, the electric push rod 22 pushes the driven docking station 803 upward, docking it with the driving docking station 802, thereby connecting the power transmission path. Conversely, the electric push rod 22 can also control the driven docking station 803 to separate from the driving docking station 802, cutting off power. The advantage of this electric control method is that it responds quickly and accurately, and can quickly adjust the operating state of the lower clutch 8 according to actual production needs, thereby improving the automation level and production efficiency of the equipment.

[0043] The shift ring 805 is rotatably mounted within the annular groove in the center of the driven docking seat 803, with one side connected to the push end of the electric push rod 22. Its purpose is to drive the driven docking seat 803 up and down under the push of the electric push rod 22, achieving docking and undocking operations with the driving docking seat 802. The advantage of the shift ring 805 lies in its design, which smoothly converts the linear motion of the electric push rod 22 into the up and down movement of the driven docking seat 803, ensuring the stability and reliability of the power transmission control process, reducing wear between components, and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0044] The lower clutch 8 and its various components cooperate with each other to achieve precise control and stable transmission of power, meet the stirring power requirements of the targeted egg yolk cholesterol removal device in different working stages, and improve the overall performance and production efficiency of the equipment.

[0045] In the preferred embodiment, the electric push rod 22 is arranged at the lower position of the fixing seat 21 of the "C"-shaped structure, the push ring 23 at the upper end of the electric push rod 22 abuts against the rod body on one side of the dial ring 805, and the guide rod 25 on the push ring 23 passes through the rod body and the upper position of the fixing seat 21; A spring 24 is provided between the lower surface of the upper portion of the fixing seat 21 and the rod on one side of the shifting ring 805 .

[0046] The electric push rod 22 is mounted below the "C"-shaped fixed base 21. It provides power to the dial ring 805, thereby controlling the position of the driven docking base 803. When the control circuit 11 issues a command, the electric push rod 22 extends or contracts, pushing the dial ring 805 via the push ring 23 at its upper end, causing the driven docking base 803 to dock or detach with the driving docking base 802, thereby controlling the power transmission to the lower stirring blade 7. This system has the advantages of precise movement and fast response. It can adjust the position of the driven docking base 803 according to the operating requirements of the equipment, ensuring normal operation. It also realizes automated control and improves production efficiency.

[0047] The "C"-shaped mounting base 21 is primarily used to mount the electric push rod 22, providing stable support and securing it in place, ensuring it does not shift or wobble during operation. Furthermore, the mounting base 21 includes a structure for the guide rod 25 on the push ring 23 to pass through. This design provides a motion track for the guide rod 25, allowing the push ring 23 to slide smoothly up and down under the action of the electric push rod 22. This advantage ensures the stability of the movement of the push ring 23 when the electric push rod 22 pushes the push rod 23, reduces friction and resistance during movement, extends the service life of related components, and improves the reliability of equipment operation.

[0048] The push ring 23 is mounted on the upper end of the electric push rod 22, resting against the rod body on one side of the dial ring 805. Its function is to transmit the thrust of the electric push rod 22 to the dial ring 805, thereby driving the movement of the driven docking station 803. The guide rod 25 on the push ring 23 passes through the rod body and the upper portion of the fixed seat 21. This not only transmits force but also, guided by the fixed seat 21, ensures that the push ring 23 moves in a specific direction, preventing it from shifting during movement. This advantage is that it makes the power transmission of the electric push rod 22 more stable and accurate, ensuring that the dial ring 805 and the driven docking station 803 move in the expected manner, and improving the precision of the device's power transmission control.

[0049] The guide rod 25 is mounted on the push ring 23, passing through the rod body and the upper portion of the fixed base 21. It serves to guide the movement of the push ring 23, ensuring that it maintains a straight trajectory during its upward and downward motion, preventing deviation or jamming. It cooperates with a corresponding structure on the fixed base 21 to limit the direction of movement of the push ring 23. This significantly improves the stability and reliability of the push ring 23's movement, reduces equipment failures caused by jerky movement, and ensures accurate control of the shift ring 805 and the driven docking base 803 by the electric push rod 22.

[0050] Spring 24 is positioned between the lower surface of the upper portion of the fixed base 21 and the rod on one side of the dial ring 805. Its purpose is to push the rod on the other side of the push ring 23 back to its original position when the electric push rod 22 stops working or retracts, separating the driven docking base 803 from the driving docking base 802 and severing power transmission. This allows the device to automatically return to its initial state when it stops working or needs to switch operating modes. The advantage is that the driven docking base 803 can be reset without additional operation, simplifying the device's operation process. It also ensures that the device can quickly switch between different operating modes, improving its operating efficiency and stability.

[0051] In the preferred embodiment, the liquid taking rod 15 passes through the upper stirring tank 1 and is slidingly and sealedly connected to the upper stirring tank 1. The outside of the liquid taking rod 15 is covered with a protective cover 19. A screw 17 is provided on one side of the liquid taking rod 15. The upper end of the screw 17 is connected to the second motor 18. One end of the nut plate 16 on the screw 17 is connected to the end of the liquid taking rod 15. The upper end of the liquid taking rod 15 is connected to the lower stirring tank 6 through a curved liquid taking pipe 20.

[0052] The liquid collection rod 15 passes through the upper stirring tank 1 and is connected to the upper stirring tank 1 in a sliding and sealed manner. Its purpose is to collect the supernatant after cooling and stratification in the upper stirring tank 1 and transport it to the lower stirring tank 6. During the collection process, it accurately adjusts its position based on the supernatant and sediment stratification position information calculated by the infrared sensor 14 and the computer, starting to collect near the upper surface of the supernatant, descending as the supernatant descends, and stopping near the upper surface of the sediment, achieving efficient separation and collection of the supernatant. The advantage is that it is connected to the upper stirring tank 1 in a sliding and sealed manner, which can not only ensure that there will be no liquid leakage during the liquid collection process, but also can be moved flexibly; at the same time, the collection position can be accurately controlled, improving the purity and efficiency of the supernatant collection.

[0053] The protective cover 19 covers the outside of the liquid collection rod 15 and is used to protect the liquid collection rod 15 from damage such as collisions and scratches. It also prevents foreign matter from adhering to the liquid collection rod 15 and affecting the purity of the liquid. The advantage is that it extends the service life of the liquid collection rod 15 and ensures the quality of the liquid collection.

[0054] Screw 17 is mounted on one side of liquid collection rod 15. Its upper end is connected to second motor 18, which drives nut plate 16 to move liquid collection rod 15 up and down. This translates the rotational motion of second motor 18 into linear motion of liquid collection rod 15, thereby precisely controlling the vertical position of liquid collection rod 15. This transmission method offers the advantage of high precision, enabling precise adjustment of the height of liquid collection rod 15 based on actual needs, enabling precise control of the supernatant collection process.

[0055] A second motor 18 is connected to the screw 17 and provides power to the screw 17, driving it to rotate and, in turn, to move the liquid extraction rod 15. This has the advantage of being able to precisely control the speed and direction of rotation, ensuring that the liquid extraction rod 15 moves at the set speed and direction, meeting different liquid extraction requirements and improving the automation and intelligence of the equipment.

[0056] One end of the nut plate 16 is connected to the end of the liquid extraction rod 15 and is sleeved onto the screw 17. Its purpose is to convert the rotational motion of the screw 17 into its own linear motion when the screw 17 rotates, thereby driving the liquid extraction rod 15 up and down. The advantage is that the connection is stable and reliable, and it can effectively transmit power, ensuring that the liquid extraction rod 15 moves up and down smoothly, ensuring the smooth progress of the liquid extraction process.

[0057] The liquid collection pipe 20 is curved, connecting the upper end of the liquid collection rod 15 and the lower stirring tank 6, and is used as a channel for transporting the supernatant from the liquid collection rod 15 to the lower stirring tank 6. The advantage is that the curved shape design can better adapt to the spatial ductility inside the equipment.

[0058] An infrared sensor 14 is mounted on top of the upper mixing tank 1. Its purpose is to penetrate the supernatant liquid and illuminate the surface of the sediment layer, detecting the position of the supernatant and sediment layers and transmitting the data to the computer. This sensor has the advantages of high detection accuracy and strong real-time performance. It provides an accurate basis for the liquid extraction operation of the liquid extraction rod 15, greatly improving the accuracy and automation of supernatant separation, reducing manual operation errors, and improving production efficiency and product quality.

[0059] In the preferred embodiment, a first electric valve is provided on the inner drain pipe 5; The upper end of the inner drain pipe 5 is connected to the tapered opening at the lower end of the upper stirring tank 1, and the upper part of the upper stirring tank 1 is connected to the high-pressure air pump 12 through a high-pressure air pipe; A second electric valve is provided on the liquid extraction pipeline 20 .

[0060] The first electric valve on the inner drain tube 5 controls its opening and closing. When sediment in the upper mixing tank 1 needs to enter the lower mixing tank 6, the first electric valve is opened, allowing the sediment to flow under pressure through the inner drain tube 5 into the lower mixing tank 6. When not in use, the valve is closed to prevent uncontrolled liquid flow. This system offers the advantage of automated control of liquid flow and precise timing of draining, improving the convenience and accuracy of equipment operation, avoiding manual errors, and ensuring a standardized and stable production process.

[0061] The upper end of the inner drain pipe 5 is connected to the tapered opening at the lower end of the upper mixing tank 1. It serves as a passageway connecting the upper mixing tank 1 and the lower mixing tank 6, allowing sediment in the upper mixing tank 1 to flow smoothly into the lower mixing tank 6. The tapered opening at the lower end of the upper mixing tank 1 helps concentrate the sediment into the inner drain pipe 5, improving drainage efficiency. The advantages of the inner drain pipe 5 are its tight connection and good sealing, ensuring that the sediment will not leak during transportation. The pipe design is consistent with the material flow characteristics, reducing the possibility of blockage and ensuring smooth operation of the equipment.

[0062] The upper portion of the upper mixing tank 1 is connected to a high-pressure air pump 12 via a high-pressure air pipe. High-pressure air pump 12 is used to pump a large amount of gas into the upper mixing tank 1, increasing the pressure within the upper mixing tank 1. When the pressure reaches a set value, the pressure forces the precipitate through the inner drainage tube 5 into the lower mixing tank 6. The advantage of using air pressure to transport the precipitate is that it is more efficient and labor-saving than other methods. It can quickly transfer the precipitate to the lower mixing tank 6, improving production efficiency while avoiding the contamination and errors that may be caused by manual transfer of the precipitate.

[0063] The second electric valve on the liquid collection pipe 20 controls the flow of liquid through the pipe 20. When the liquid collection rod 15 is collecting supernatant, the second electric valve opens, allowing the supernatant to flow through the pipe 20 into the lower mixing tank 6. Once collection is complete, the valve closes to prevent backflow or leakage. This allows precise control of the supernatant's delivery, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the collection operation, improving the efficiency and quality of supernatant collection, and synergizing with the entire equipment's automated control system to enhance overall performance.

[0064] In the preferred embodiment, the upper open outer ring of the centrifugal mixing barrel 102 is rotatably connected to the interior of the upper mixing tank 1 through the bearing ring 104; the upper position of the centrifugal mixing barrel 102 is rotatably connected to the mixing tank 1 through the bearing ring 104, which can achieve higher speed stability.

[0065] At least two electric liquid discharge ports 103 are symmetrically arranged at the lower part of the centrifugal mixing barrel 102; the symmetrical arrangement increases the stability of the rotation and can realize the discharge of materials at the same time.

[0066] A raised structure is also provided in the middle of the centrifugal mixing barrel 102 to discharge the liquid from the two electric drain ports 103 without liquid accumulation.

[0067] A fixed paddle 105 is also provided on the top of the upper stirring tank 1, and the blades of the fixed paddle 105 extend into the interior of the centrifugal stirring barrel 102. The fixed paddle 105 achieves stirring and also increases the effect of centrifugal stirring.

[0068] Combined with the structure of this embodiment, Figure 1-2 As shown, a device and method for targeted removal of egg yolk cholesterol include the following steps: S1. Yolk separation: Separate the egg yolk from the egg white, remove the egg white and ligament on the surface of the egg yolk, pierce the egg yolk membrane, and collect the egg yolk liquid for later use; this step provides pure raw materials for the removal of cholesterol S2, adding the egg yolk liquid in step S1 into the upper stirring tank 1, adding an equal mass of NaCl solution to dilute, stirring and mixing evenly in a centrifugal stirring barrel (102), with the lower stirring blade 7 in a stationary state; S3, adding a certain amount of phospholipase to the upper stirring tank 1, mixing again and reacting for a certain time; S4, the heating device 2 heats the egg yolk liquid after enzymatic hydrolysis in step S3 on the stirring tank 1 to inactivate the enzyme, and then cools it; S5. Centrifuge the egg yolk solution after enzyme inactivation in step S4 at 10,000 r / min for 20 min to obtain a supernatant and a precipitate, and collect the supernatant into the lower stirring tank 6; use an infrared sensor to accurately detect the stratification position and control the liquid collection rod to collect the supernatant into the lower stirring tank.

[0069] S6. Adjust the pH of the supernatant in the lower stirring tank 6, add a certain amount of β-cyclodextrin, rotate the lower stirring blade 7 to stir the supernatant, centrifuge at 4000 r / min for 10 min, and discharge the precipitate from the liquid outlet 602; S7, the precipitate in the upper stirring tank 1 is pressed into the lower stirring tank 6 through the drainage inner tube 5, and the supernatant obtained in step S6 is combined with the precipitate in step S5 to obtain the egg yolk after cholesterol removal; In a preferred embodiment, in step S2, the concentration of NaCl is 0.16 mol / L, the stirring speed is 900-1100 rpm, and the stirring time is 1 hour to ensure uniform mixing of the egg yolk liquid. This step helps to ensure uniformity of the subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis reaction.

[0070] In a preferred embodiment, in step S3, the addition ratio of phospholipase is 2% (w / w), the reaction temperature is 50° C., and the reaction time is 40 min, to promote the release of cholesterol from the egg yolk; In step S4, the enzyme is inactivated at 95° C. for 5 minutes to terminate the enzyme activity and prevent it from continuing to act and affecting subsequent steps.

[0071] In a preferred embodiment, in step S5, the precipitate is washed twice with 0.16 mol / L NaCl; In step S6, the pH is 4-9, and the amount of β-cyclodextrin added is: the molar ratio of egg yolk cholesterol to β-cyclodextrin is 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, and 1:6. The reaction temperature is 25-50° C., and the stirring reaction conditions are 900-1100 rpm for 10-60 minutes to promote further encapsulation or binding of cholesterol, facilitating subsequent separation.

[0072] In the above steps, after ensuring that the upper stirring tank 1 is sealed and leak-free, the high-pressure air pump 12 is started to fill the upper stirring tank 1 with high-pressure gas until the set pressure is reached. The first electric valve on the drainage inner pipe 5 is opened, and the sediment in the upper stirring tank 1 is pushed into the lower stirring tank 6 by air pressure.

[0073] The supernatant treated in step S3 and the precipitate transferred from upper stirring tank 1 are combined in lower stirring tank 6. First motor 9 and lower stirring blade 7 are restarted to thoroughly stir the mixture. Finally, the mixture is discharged through liquid outlet 602 to the next stage of centrifugation equipment, completing the efficient cholesterol removal process.

[0074] Through phospholipase treatment and β-cyclodextrin inclusion complexation under specific conditions, the cholesterol removal rate is effectively increased. The use of infrared sensors to detect layer positions and electric valves to control liquid delivery achieves an automated and precise operating process, reducing manual errors.

[0075] The entire process is completed in one integrated device, eliminating the need for multiple sets of equipment to handle each process separately, reducing costs and energy consumption and improving production efficiency.

[0076] Through strict control of temperature, time, concentration and other parameters, the quality consistency of each batch of products is ensured.

[0077] The design of the protective cover and the reasonable structure of the power transmission system reduce the wear between components and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0078] The method for determining the egg yolk cholesterol removal rate comprises the following steps: (1) Take 1 ml of egg yolk homogenate, add 3 mL of KOH (10%) and 10 mL of anhydrous ethanol, saponify in a 60 °C water bath for 1 h, cool, add 10 mL of petroleum ether, take 0.5 mL of the supernatant and evaporate in a water bath, then add 2 mL of methanol to re-dissolve, add 2 mL of ferroalloy indicator for color development, and measure the absorbance at 550 nm.

[0079] Cholesterol content (mg / g) = C*4*2*V*25*100 / W*1000; where C is the cholesterol concentration in the extract (μg / mL), V is the volume of the extract (mL), and W is the mass of the egg yolk sample (g). Cholesterol removal rate (%) = (AB) / A*100; where A is the cholesterol content in the egg yolk homogenate before cholesterol removal, and B is the cholesterol content in the egg yolk homogenate after cholesterol removal. Example 2: Based on Example 1, the pH in S6 was changed, while other conditions remained unchanged.

[0080] In S6 of Example 3, the pH of the supernatant was adjusted to 4-9, and β-cyclodextrin was added at a molar ratio of cholesterol to β-cyclodextrin of 1:3. After stirring at 35°C for 30 min, the supernatant obtained from S6 was combined with the precipitate from S5, and the mixture was centrifuged at 4000 r / min for 10 min to obtain the cholesterol-removed egg yolk.

[0081] The results are as follows Figure 3 As shown in (A), adjusting the pH of S6 reveals that the cholesterol removal rate initially increases and then decreases as the pH increases between 4 and 9, reaching its highest values ​​at pH 5 and 6, with no significant difference between the two. This may be because the pH of fresh egg yolk is 6. As the pH increases, released proteins competitively adsorb at the interface, hindering the contact between β-cyclodextrin and cholesterol for removal. Therefore, pH 6 was selected as the optimal removal condition.

[0082] Example 3 Based on Example 1, the temperature of the stirring reaction in S6 was changed, while other conditions remained unchanged.

[0083] In S6 of Example 3, the pH of the supernatant was adjusted to 6, and β-cyclodextrin was added at a molar ratio of cholesterol to β-cyclodextrin of 1:3. After stirring at 35-35°C for 30 min, the supernatant obtained from S6 was combined with the precipitate from S5, and the mixture was centrifuged at 4000 r / min for 10 min to obtain the cholesterol-removed egg yolk.

[0084] The results are as follows Figure 3 As shown in (B), as the stirring temperature increases between 35°C and 50°C, cholesterol removal initially increases and then decreases. At 35°C, the highest removal rate is 80.0±1.29%. This may be because a certain temperature promotes intermolecular motion, increasing the chances of contact between cholesterol and β-cyclodextrin molecules and improving the removal rate. However, excessively high temperatures can disrupt the physical and chemical properties of the egg yolk, leading to denaturation and coagulation of the yolk protein and hindering cholesterol removal. Therefore, 35°C is the optimal temperature.

[0085] Example 4 Based on Example 1, the stirring reaction time in S6 was changed, while other conditions remained unchanged.

[0086] In S6 of Example 4, the pH of the supernatant was adjusted to 6, and β-cyclodextrin was added at a molar ratio of cholesterol to β-cyclodextrin of 1:3. After stirring at 35°C for 10-60 min, the supernatant obtained from S6 was combined with the precipitate from S5, and the mixture was centrifuged at 4000 r / min for 10 min to obtain the cholesterol-removed egg yolk.

[0087] The results are as follows Figure 3 As shown in (C), as the stirring time increases from 10 to 60 min, the cholesterol removal rate increases first and then decreases, reaching a maximum of 92.02 ± 1.44% at 40 min. This may be because a certain stirring time increases the chance of contact between cholesterol and β-cyclodextrin. However, if the stirring time is too long, the shear force will destroy the structure of the already formed complex, and the complex formed by β-cyclodextrin and cholesterol will become unstable, thereby releasing cholesterol and causing a decrease in the removal rate. Therefore, 40 min of reaction is the optimal reaction time. Example 5 Based on Example 1, the addition amount in S6 was changed, while other conditions remained unchanged.

[0088] In S6 of Example 5, the pH of the supernatant was adjusted to 6, and β-cyclodextrin was added according to the molar ratio of cholesterol to β-cyclodextrin of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, and 1:6. After stirring at 35°C for 30 min, the supernatant obtained from S6 was combined with the precipitate from S5 to obtain the cholesterol-removed egg yolk.

[0089] The results are as follows Figure 3 As shown in (D), as the amount of β-cyclodextrin added increases within the molar ratio of 1:(1-6), the cholesterol removal rate continues to increase, but too high an addition amount will also lead to the problem of β-cyclodextrin residual rate. Taking all factors into consideration, the optimal addition amount of β-cyclodextrin is a molar ratio of 1:4 Under the conditions of β-cyclodextrin addition, cholesterol:β-cyclodextrin molar ratio of 1:4, pH 6, reaction temperature of 35℃, and reaction time of 40 min, the removal rate of egg yolk cholesterol was 92.33±0.93%.

[0090] Comparative Example 1 In combination with the structure of this embodiment, based on embodiment 1, the difference is that there is no processing in steps S3-5, and operations 1, 2, 4, 6, and 7 are directly performed. The specific steps are as follows: S1. Yolk separation: Separate the egg yolk from the egg white, remove the egg white and ligament on the surface of the egg yolk, pierce the egg yolk membrane, and collect the egg yolk liquid for later use; this step provides pure raw materials for cholesterol removal.

[0091] S2, add the egg yolk liquid in step S1 to the upper stirring tank 1, add an equal mass of NaCl solution to dilute, stir and mix evenly with the upper stirring blade 102, and keep the lower stirring blade 7 in a stationary state; S3. Adjust the pH of the supernatant in the lower stirring tank 6, add a certain amount of β-cyclodextrin, rotate the lower stirring blade 7 to stir the supernatant, centrifuge at 4000 r / min for 10 min to separate the layers, and discharge the precipitate from the liquid outlet 602. The resulting supernatant is the cholesterol-removed egg yolk; In a preferred embodiment, in step S2, the concentration of NaCl is 0.16 mol / L, the stirring speed is 900 rpm, and the stirring time is 1 h. This step helps to evenly mix the egg yolk liquid.

[0092] In step S3, the pH is 6, the amount of β-cyclodextrin added is: egg yolk cholesterol: β-cyclodextrin molar ratio = 1:4, the reaction temperature is 35°C, and the stirring reaction conditions are: 900 rpm stirring for 40 minutes. This promotes further encapsulation or binding of cholesterol, facilitating subsequent separation.

[0093] The removal rate of egg yolk cholesterol in this comparative example 1 was 85.27±1.89%.

[0094] Comparative Example 2 In combination with the structure of this embodiment, based on embodiment 1, the difference is that steps 3-4 are omitted and operations 1, 2, 5, 6, and 7 are directly performed. The specific steps are as follows: S1. Yolk separation: Separate the egg yolk from the egg white, remove the egg white and ligament on the surface of the egg yolk, pierce the egg yolk membrane, and collect the egg yolk liquid for later use; this step provides pure raw materials for cholesterol removal.

[0095] S2, add the egg yolk liquid in step S1 to the upper stirring tank 1, add an equal mass of NaCl solution to dilute, stir and mix evenly with the upper stirring blade 102, and keep the lower stirring blade 7 in a stationary state; S3, centrifuging the egg yolk solution in step S2 at 10000 r / min for 10 min to obtain a supernatant and a precipitate, and collecting the supernatant into the lower stirring tank 6; using an infrared sensor to accurately detect the stratification position, and controlling the liquid collection rod to collect the supernatant into the lower stirring tank.

[0096] S4. Adjust the pH of the supernatant in the lower stirring tank 6, add a certain amount of β-cyclodextrin, rotate the lower stirring blade 7 to stir the supernatant, centrifuge at 4000 r / min for 10 minutes to separate the layers, and discharge the precipitate from the liquid outlet 602; S5. The precipitate in the upper stirring tank 1 is pressed into the lower stirring tank 6 through the drainage inner tube 5. The supernatant obtained in step S4 is combined with the precipitate in step S3 to obtain an egg yolk with significantly reduced cholesterol content.

[0097] In a preferred embodiment, in step S2, the concentration of NaCl is 0.16 mol / L, the stirring speed is 900 rpm, and the stirring time is 1 hour. This ensures uniform mixing of the egg yolk liquid. This step helps ensure uniformity in the subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis reaction.

[0098] In a preferred embodiment, in step S3, the precipitate is washed twice with 0.16 mol / L NaCl; In step S4, the pH is 6, the amount of β-cyclodextrin added is: egg yolk cholesterol: β-cyclodextrin molar ratio = 1:4, the reaction temperature is 35°C, and the stirring reaction conditions are: 900 rpm stirring for 40 minutes. This promotes further encapsulation or binding of cholesterol, facilitating subsequent separation.

[0099] In the above steps, after ensuring that the upper stirring tank 1 is sealed and leak-free, the high-pressure air pump 12 is started to fill the upper stirring tank 1 with high-pressure gas until the set pressure is reached. The first electric valve on the drainage inner pipe 5 is opened, and the sediment in the upper stirring tank 1 is pushed into the lower stirring tank 6 by air pressure.

[0100] The supernatant treated in step S3 and the precipitate transferred from upper stirring tank 1 are combined in lower stirring tank 6. First motor 9 and lower stirring blade 7 are restarted to thoroughly stir the mixture. Finally, the mixture is discharged through liquid outlet 602 to the next stage of centrifugation equipment, completing the efficient cholesterol removal process.

[0101] The removal rate of egg yolk cholesterol in this comparative example 2 was 89.15±0.37%.

[0102] comparison The egg yolk liquid without cholesterol removal was used as a control to illustrate the effect of cholesterol removal on the nutritional and processing characteristics of egg yolk.

[0103] Changes in fat composition (1) The fat content is determined by freeze-drying the egg yolk sample after removing cholesterol, and taking the dried filter paper and recording it as W. 滤纸 , weigh a certain amount of sample and put it into the filter paper, seal it with a stapler, and record it as W 样1+滤纸 Place the filter paper in the Soxhlet extraction filter paper column, pull down the handle, immerse it in petroleum ether, extract at 60℃ for 4.30 h, recover the petroleum ether, dry it in an oven at 103±1 to constant weight, weigh the filter paper, and record it as W 样2+滤纸 The lipid content was calculated as follows: Fat content (%) = (W 样2+滤纸 -W滤纸 ) / (W 样1+滤纸 -W 滤纸 )*100 (2) Phospholipid loss rate: Take a certain amount of egg yolk liquid, add 100 mL of anhydrous ethanol, and sonicate for 30 minutes. Centrifuge at 6000 r / min at 4°C for 30 minutes. Take the supernatant and dilute it to 100 mL with anhydrous ethanol. Take a certain volume of sample liquid from the volumetric flask, dilute it 10 times, and perform colorimetry at a wavelength of 210 nm. Calculate the phospholipid content in the egg yolk stock solution by drawing a lecithin standard curve, and calculate the phospholipid loss rate according to the following formula: Phospholipid loss rate (%) = (A1-A2) / A1 Among them, A1 is the original phospholipid content of egg yolk, and A2 is the phospholipid content after removing cholesterol. The lipid content results are as follows Figure 4 As shown in Figure A, the fat content of the control group was 48.72 ± 0.57, which decreased to 44.76 ± 0.12 after the removal of cholesterol in Comparative Example 1, decreased to 42.72 ± 0.61 in Comparative Example 2, and decreased to 42.19 ± 0.88 in Example 1, which is related to the removal of cholesterol. Egg yolk is the best source of phospholipids. It not only has functional activities such as improving memory, lowering blood lipids, and anti-immunity, but also directly contributes to the emulsification of egg yolk. Figure 4 As shown in B, the phospholipid loss rate of Example 1 is lower than that of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, which is 9.96±0.90%.

[0104] Changes in protein composition (1) Changes in protein concentration: The sample was diluted 30 times and the protein concentration of the sample was determined using a Bradford protein quantification kit.

[0105] (2) Changes in protein composition: The egg yolk samples were subjected to SDS-PAGE analysis. First, the sample was diluted 30 times with deionized water. 80 μL of the diluted sample solution was mixed with 20 μL of loading buffer, and the mixture was heated in boiling water for 10 min. BeyoGelT MPlus PAGE precast gel (Hepes, 4-20%) was used, with a sample volume of 10 μL / lane, and electrophoresis was performed at a voltage of 150 V for 40 min. After the electrophoresis was completed, the gel was stained with Coomassie Brilliant Blue Superfast Staining Solution at room temperature for 30 min, and then destained with deionized water until the background was clear, and the electrophoresis image was photographed and saved. The results are as follows Figure 5 As shown in Figure A, Comparative Example 1 has the lowest protein concentration (67.02 ± 5.02), and Comparative Example 2 has the highest protein concentration (88.16 ± 5.21), which indicates that the direct use of β-cyclodextrin in Comparative Example 1 will cause protein loss in the egg yolk particles, while the use of pre-separation in Comparative Example 2 can effectively protect the protein. Figure 5 The protein composition in B also shows that the 130-175 kDa and 52 KDa bands in Comparative Example 1 became lighter, and the egg yolk composition of Comparative Example 2 was similar to that of the control group. In contrast, in Example 1, the degradation of large molecular proteins occurred due to enzymatic hydrolysis, especially for lipoproteins such as LDL and HDL. This increase in the number of small molecules contributed to the stability of the oil / water interface.

[0106] Changes in processing performance (1) Emulsification: Dilute the egg yolk solution with an equal mass of PBS (10 mmol / L pH = 7.4), stir magnetically for 1 h, and then dilute 10 times. Mix 24 mL of the dilution with 8 mL of soybean oil, and high-speed shear at 10,000 r / min for 1 min immediately (0 min) (A0) / let it stand for 10 min (A 10 ) Then, 50 μL of the emulsion was taken from the bottom and mixed with 10 mL of 0.1% SDS solution. The absorbance at 500 nm was measured and calculated as follows: Emulsifying activity (EAI) / mL / g =4.606*A0*N / C*F*10000 Where N is the dilution ratio 201, F is the volume fraction of oil in the emulsion 0.25, and C is the protein concentration before emulsification Emulsion stability (ESI) / min=A0*Δt / (A0-A 10 )*100 Where Δt is 10 min (2) Foaming property: Dilute the egg yolk solution with an equal mass of PBS (10 mmol / L pH = 7.4), stir magnetically for 1 h, take 20 mL and place it in a centrifuge tube, and process it at 10,000 r / min for 1 min. Record the initial volume (V0) and the volume after 30 min (V30). The calculation formula is as follows: Foaming property (FA) / %=100*V1 / V0 Foam stability (FS) / % = 100*V2 / V1 Where V1 is the initial volume of the foam (3) Thermal gel texture: 10 mL of egg yolk liquid was placed in a beaker and placed in a 90°C water bath for 20 min. The gel block was removed using a 25*25*20 mold and stored at 4°C. Texture analysis was performed using a physical property analyzer. The test mode was TPA, a P / 36 probe was used, the pre- and post-test speed was 5 mm / s, the test speed was 1 mm / s, and the time between two compression cycles was 5 s. The results of emulsification and foaming properties are as follows Figure 6As shown, compared to the control, removing cholesterol improves the emulsifying activity of the egg yolk liquid, with Example 1 having the highest emulsifying activity at 137.92 ± 2.15 mg / mL. After removing cholesterol, Example 1 also exhibited the highest foaming performance, at 88.80 ± 1.76, and superior foam stability, at 48.40 ± 1.60.

[0107] The results of the thermal gel texture are shown in Table 1. The higher protein concentration in Comparative Example 2 formed a denser gel structure, while Example 1 changed the structure of lipoprotein and reduced the molecular weight, which is beneficial to digestion and absorption.

[0108] Table 1

[0109] The above embodiments are merely preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be the technical solutions set forth in the claims, including equivalent alternatives to the technical features of the technical solutions set forth in the claims. In other words, equivalent alternatives and improvements within this scope are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for targeted removal of egg yolk cholesterol, characterized by: The following steps are involved: S1. Yolk separation: Separate the egg yolk from the egg white, remove the egg white and ligament on the surface of the egg yolk, pierce the egg yolk membrane, and collect the egg yolk liquid for later use; S2, add the egg yolk liquid in step S1 into the upper stirring tank (1), add an equal mass of NaCl solution to dilute it, stir and mix it evenly inside the upper stirring tank (1), and keep the lower stirring blade (7) in a stationary state; S3, adding a certain amount of phospholipase to the upper stirring tank (1), mixing again and reacting for a certain time; S4, the heating device (2) heats the egg yolk liquid after enzymatic hydrolysis in step S3 in the upper stirring tank (1) to inactivate the enzyme, and then cools it; S5. Centrifuge the egg yolk solution after enzyme inactivation in step S4 at 10,000 rpm for 20 min in a centrifugal stirring barrel (102) to obtain a supernatant and a precipitate, and collect the supernatant into a lower stirring tank (6); S6. Adjust the pH of the supernatant in the lower stirring tank (6), add a certain amount of β-cyclodextrin, rotate the lower stirring blade (7) to stir the supernatant, centrifuge at 4000 r / min for 10 min, and discharge the precipitate from the liquid outlet (602); S7, the precipitate in the upper stirring tank (1) is pressed into the lower stirring tank (6) through the drainage inner tube (5), and the supernatant obtained in step S6 is combined with the precipitate in step S5 to obtain the egg yolk after cholesterol removal.

2. The method for targeted removal of egg yolk cholesterol according to claim 1, wherein: In step S2, the concentration of NaCl is 0.16 mol / L, the stirring speed is 900-1100 rpm, and the stirring time is 1 h; In step S3, the addition ratio of phospholipase is 2% (w / w), the reaction temperature is 50°C, and the reaction time is 40 min; In step S4, the enzyme is inactivated at 95°C for 5 minutes. In step S5, the precipitate is washed twice with 0.16 mol / L NaCl; In step S6, the pH is 4-9, the amount of β-cyclodextrin added is: the molar ratio of egg yolk cholesterol to β-cyclodextrin is 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, the reaction temperature is 25-50°C, and the stirring reaction conditions are 900-1100 rpm and stirring for 10-60 min.

3. The method for targeted removal of egg yolk cholesterol according to claim 1, wherein: In step S5, the upper stirring tank (1) is cooled to form a supernatant and a sedimentation layer. The infrared sensor (14) penetrates the supernatant liquid and irradiates the surface of the sedimentation layer. The positions of the supernatant and sedimentation layers are obtained by computer calculation. The liquid collecting rod (15) is controlled to approach the upper surface of the supernatant and start collecting the supernatant into the lower stirring tank (6). As the supernatant descends, the end of the liquid collecting rod (15) also descends, and the liquid collecting rod (15) stops collecting the supernatant when it approaches the upper surface of the sediment.

4. The method for targeted removal of egg yolk cholesterol according to claim 3, wherein: The upper stirring tank (1) and the lower stirring tank (6) are arranged vertically, and a first motor (9) is provided between the two. The upper output shaft of the first motor (9) is respectively connected to the centrifugal stirring barrel (102) inside the upper stirring tank (1), and the lower output shaft of the first motor (9) is connected to the lower stirring blade (7) inside the lower stirring tank (6); The lower part of the upper stirring tank (1) and the upper part of the lower stirring tank (6) are connected via a liquid discharge inner tube (5). The upper part of the upper stirring tank (1) is also provided with a liftable liquid collection rod (15). The liquid collection rod (15) is connected to the lower stirring tank (6) via a liquid collection pipe (20). The outer ring of the upper stirring tank (1) is also provided with a heating device (2).

5. The method for targeted removal of egg yolk cholesterol according to claim 3, wherein: An infrared sensor (14) is further provided inside the upper stirring tank (1). The infrared sensor (14) is arranged on the top of the upper stirring tank (1). The upper stirring tank (1) detects the positions of the supernatant and the sedimentation layers, and the liquid taking rod (15) takes the liquid and separates the supernatant into the lower stirring tank (6).

6. The method for targeted removal of egg yolk cholesterol according to claim 3, wherein: The lower portion of the upper stirring tank (1) and the upper portion of the lower stirring tank (6) are connected via a fixing seat, the fixing seat comprising an upper fixing seat (3) and a lower fixing seat (4), the lower portion of the upper stirring tank (1) being connected to the upper fixing seat (3), and the upper portion of the lower stirring tank (6) being connected to the lower fixing seat (4); A cavity is provided between the upper fixing seat (3) and the lower fixing seat (4).

7. The method for targeted removal of egg yolk cholesterol according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first motor (9) is arranged in a cavity between the upper fixing seat (3) and the lower fixing seat (4), and the upper and lower ends of the first motor (9) are connected to the lower stirring blade (7) and the centrifugal stirring barrel (102) through the lower clutch (8) and the upper clutch (10), respectively; A control circuit (11) is also provided in the cavity, and the control circuit (11) is electrically connected to the lower clutch (8) and the upper clutch (10); The control circuit (11) drives the lower clutch (8) and / or the upper clutch (10) to connect internally, thereby driving the lower stirring blade (7) and / or the centrifugal stirring barrel (102) to rotate; The lower clutch (8) includes a driving docking seat (802), the driving docking seat (802) is connected to the first motor (9) via an output shaft (801), the lower stirring blade (7) passes through the lower fixed seat (4) via a driven shaft (804) and is rotationally connected to the lower fixed seat (4), the upper portion of the driven shaft (804) is connected to the driven docking seat (803) via a spline, the driving docking seat (802) is provided with a plurality of slots, the driven docking seat (803) is provided with a plurality of matching blocks, and a guide slope is provided on one side of the block; An electric push rod (22) is further provided on one side of the lower clutch (8), and a shift ring (805) is rotatably provided in an annular groove in the middle of the driven docking seat (803), and one side of the shift ring (805) is connected to the push end of the electric push rod (22); The electric push rod (22) is arranged at the lower position of the fixing seat (21) of the "C"-shaped structure, the push ring (23) at the upper end of the electric push rod (22) abuts against the rod body on one side of the dial ring (805), and the guide rod (25) on the push ring (23) passes through the rod body and the upper position of the fixing seat (21); A spring (24) is provided between the lower surface of the upper portion of the fixing seat (21) and the rod body on one side of the dial ring (805).

8. The device for targeted removal of egg yolk cholesterol according to claim 4, characterized in that: The liquid taking rod (15) passes through the upper stirring tank (1) and is connected to the upper stirring tank (1) in a sliding and sealing manner. The outer cover of the liquid taking rod (15) is provided with a protective cover (19). A screw rod (17) is provided on one side of the liquid taking rod (15). The upper end of the screw rod (17) is connected to the second motor (18). One end of the nut plate (16) on the screw rod (17) is connected to the end of the liquid taking rod (15). The upper end of the liquid taking rod (15) is connected to the lower stirring tank (6) through a curved liquid taking pipe (20).

9. The device for targeted removal of egg yolk cholesterol according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first electric valve is provided on the inner discharge pipe (5); The upper end of the inner liquid discharge tube (5) is connected to the tapered opening at the lower end of the upper stirring tank (1), and the upper part of the upper stirring tank (1) is connected to the high-pressure air pump (12) through the high-pressure air pipe; A second electric valve is provided on the liquid extraction pipeline (20).

10. The device for targeted removal of egg yolk cholesterol according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer ring of the upper opening of the centrifugal mixing barrel (102) is rotatably connected to the interior of the upper mixing tank (1) via a bearing ring (104); At least two electric liquid discharge ports (103) are symmetrically provided at the lower portion of the centrifugal stirring barrel (102); A raised structure is also provided in the middle of the centrifugal mixing barrel (102); A fixed paddle (105) is further provided on the top of the upper stirring tank (1), and the blades of the fixed paddle (105) extend into the interior of the centrifugal stirring barrel (102).

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