An adaptive intelligent current source output control method

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of current source control, and particularly relates to a self-adaptive intelligent current source output control method, comprising: obtaining, by a load detection module, a state voltage signal of whether a load exists and its basic characteristics; inputting the state voltage signal into a state stabilization filtering module to extract a load characteristic signal in a stable working state; inputting the load characteristic signal into a feedback calculation module, analyzing and operating the load characteristic signal according to a preset algorithm model to generate a feedback control parameter; inputting the feedback control parameter into an analog switch control module, selecting an input channel of a resistance voltage division network according to the feedback control parameter, and then outputting a current source regulation signal VC; and inputting the current source regulation signal VC into an adjustable current source module to adjust an output current according to the current source regulation signal VC to meet the load requirements. The present application can be used to solve the problems of slow response, low regulation accuracy and poor adaptability of the current source under complex load conditions in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of current source control technology, and particularly relates to an adaptive intelligent current source output control method. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of current source control, with the continuous development of industrial technology, complex and variable load conditions have brought severe challenges to existing control methods. Traditional current source control methods are mostly based on fixed parameter designs, making it difficult to flexibly adjust to meet the dynamic needs of different load characteristics. For example, in industrial automation equipment, various types of loads often operate simultaneously, and their operating states are constantly changing. This requires the current source to have higher real-time performance and accuracy, while traditional methods are inadequate in this situation, generally suffering from slow response speed, low adjustment accuracy, and poor adaptability.

[0003] Meanwhile, noise interference and signal distortion further limit the performance of traditional control methods. Although some improved methods attempt to introduce feedback control and filtering techniques to improve this situation, they still cannot achieve efficient and stable current regulation in complex real-world application scenarios. Therefore, developing a new method that can overcome the limitations of traditional methods and achieve efficient and accurate current output control under complex load conditions is of significant practical importance and urgent need. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of the existing technology by proposing an adaptive intelligent current source output control method to solve the problems of slow response, low adjustment accuracy, and poor adaptability of current sources under complex load conditions.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] An adaptive intelligent current source output control method employs an adaptive current source output control system, which includes a load detection module, a state stabilization filtering module, a feedback calculation module, an analog switch control module, and an adjustable current source module. The control method includes the following steps:

[0007] S1, the load detection module detects the connection status of the load and obtains the status voltage signal indicating whether the load exists and its basic characteristics;

[0008] S2, input the state voltage signal into the state stabilization filter module, and use the state stabilization filter module to extract the load characteristic signal under stable working conditions;

[0009] S3, The load characteristic signal is input into the feedback calculation module. The feedback calculation module analyzes and calculates the load characteristic signal according to the preset algorithm model to generate feedback control parameters.

[0010] S4, The feedback control parameters are input to the analog switch control module. The analog switch control module selects the input channel of the resistor divider network according to the feedback control parameters, and then outputs the current source regulation signal VC.

[0011] S5 inputs the current source control signal VC to the adjustable current source module. The adjustable current source module adjusts the output current according to the current source control signal VC to meet the load requirements.

[0012] Preferably, in step S1, the load detection module includes a load access channel and an access detection circuit; the external load is connected to the access detection circuit through the load access channel, the access detection circuit captures the current change of the detection resistor, and converts the current signal into a voltage signal, i.e., a state voltage signal, based on Ohm's law.

[0013] Preferably, in step S2, the state-stabilized filtering module includes a state-stabilized filtering circuit consisting of an operational amplifier, a first-order RC filter, and two external resistors, and performs impedance matching, low-pass filtering, and signal amplification based on the state-stabilized filtering circuit.

[0014] Preferably, in step S3, the feedback calculation module includes a voltage comparison unit and a calculation chip unit; during the generation of feedback control parameters, the load characteristic signal INPUT_IDE is compared with the preset access threshold voltage and removal threshold voltage in the two operational amplifiers inside the voltage comparison unit, and outputs an ADD signal or a MINUS signal accordingly; the calculation chip unit receives the ADD signal or the MINUS signal and generates a three-bit binary adjustment signal S0S1S2 through a preset logic algorithm.

[0015] Preferably, in step S3, after the voltage comparison unit performs a threshold comparison on the load characteristic signal INPUT_IDE, if the voltage value of the load characteristic signal INPUT_IDE is less than the access threshold voltage, it outputs an ADD signal; if the voltage value of the load characteristic signal INPUT_IDE is greater than the removal threshold voltage, it outputs a MINUS signal.

[0016] Preferably, in step S3, the initial three-bit binary adjustment signal of the calculation chip unit is 001; when the ADD signal is received, the current value of the three-bit binary adjustment signal is incremented by 1; when the MINUS signal is received, the current value of the three-bit binary adjustment signal is decremented by 1; if no signal is received, the current output is maintained.

[0017] Preferably, in step S5, the adjustable current source module includes a two-stage operational amplifier circuit. In the first-stage operational amplifier circuit, the non-inverting input of operational amplifier U1 receives the current source control signal VC, the inverting input is grounded via resistor R15, and the output is fed back to the inverting input via resistor R16. In the second-stage operational amplifier circuit, the inverting input and output of operational amplifier U2 are connected to the non-inverting input of operational amplifier U1 via resistor R18, achieving stable control of the current output. The output current IOUT and the control signal VC satisfy a linear relationship of IOUT = a × VC, where a represents the proportionality coefficient.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0019] 1) Fast response speed: Traditional methods have slow response speeds under complex load conditions, while this invention uses a load detection module to monitor the load connection status in real time, acquire the status voltage signal, and quickly transmit it to subsequent modules for processing. For example, based on circuit conduction characteristics and a high-precision current sensor (such as a sampling resistor), the load detection module can quickly convert the load current signal into a voltage signal. Subsequent modules work closely together, making the process from detection to adjusting the output current highly efficient and able to quickly respond to load changes, thus solving the problem of slow response in traditional methods.

[0020] 2) High Adjustment Accuracy: Traditional methods have low adjustment accuracy, but this invention employs multiple measures to improve accuracy. The state-stabilized filtering module uses a rationally designed filtering circuit (such as an RC low-pass filter) and operational amplifier circuit to perform impedance matching, low-pass filtering, and signal amplification on the signal, providing a stable and accurate load characteristic signal to the feedback calculation module. In the feedback calculation module, the voltage comparison unit precisely sets the access threshold voltage and removal threshold voltage (e.g., 3.3V and 4.8V for IEPE sensor applications), accurately compares the load characteristic signal, and outputs the corresponding signal. The calculation chip unit generates a three-bit binary adjustment signal according to a preset logic algorithm (the initial three-bit binary adjustment signal is 001, and 1 is added or subtracted according to rules), which works in conjunction with the analog switch control module to achieve fine control of the current source and meet the current accuracy requirements of different loads.

[0021] 3) High adaptability: Traditional methods have poor adaptability to different load characteristics. The adaptive intelligent current source output control method of this invention adopts an adaptive current source output control system in which various modules cooperate with each other. The load detection module can adapt to different load connection or removal situations, the feedback calculation module dynamically generates feedback control parameters based on load characteristic signals, the analog switch control module selects the input channel of the resistor voltage divider network according to the parameters and outputs a suitable current source regulation signal, and the adjustable current source module adjusts the output current in real time according to the regulation signal to adapt to the working requirements of different loads, realizing adaptive intelligent control and effectively solving the problem of poor adaptability of traditional methods.

[0022] 4) Strong anti-interference capability: In the background technology, noise interference and signal distortion restrict the performance of traditional control methods. The state stabilization filtering module of this invention filters the voltage signal output by the load detection module, removing high-frequency noise and retaining low-frequency useful signals. It also uses the operational amplifier's built-in signal monitoring and judgment unit to determine whether the load has entered a stable operating state and extracts stable and reliable load characteristic signals. The input filtering circuit of the voltage comparison unit further filters out high-frequency noise in the characteristic signals, and the power supply decoupling circuit removes noise and interference from the power supply, providing a stable and clean power supply for each circuit module, improving the anti-interference capability of the entire system, and ensuring efficient and stable current regulation. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 A basic implementation flowchart of an adaptive intelligent current source output control method;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a basic principle block diagram of an adaptive intelligent current source output control system.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a load detection module.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a state-stabilized filtering module;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a voltage comparator unit;

[0028] Figure 6 A pre-defined logic flowchart for the computing chip unit;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an analog switch control module;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of an adjustable current source module. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the invention clearer, the technical solution of the invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the invention, but not all embodiments.

[0032] Therefore, the following detailed description of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] This embodiment discloses an adaptive intelligent current source output control method. As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an adaptive current source output control system is adopted, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the system includes a load detection module, a state stabilization filtering module, a feedback calculation module, an analog switch control module, and an adjustable current source module.

[0035] The core function of the load detection module is to monitor the load connection status in real time and convert the current signal reflecting the load's operating status into a voltage signal U_detect for subsequent processing and output it. Its working principle is based on the circuit's conduction characteristics: when the load is not connected, the circuit is in an open-circuit state, and no current flows through the detection loop; when the load is connected, the circuit is turned on, and a current signal related to the load's operating status is generated in the detection loop.

[0036] In its implementation, this module incorporates a high-precision current sensor (such as a Hall effect current sensor or a sampling resistor). Taking a sampling resistor as an example, according to Ohm's law U = I × R (where U is voltage, I is current, and R is the resistance of the sampling resistor), the detected load current I is converted into a voltage signal U_detect. The selection of the sampling resistor needs to comprehensively consider the load current range and the accuracy requirements of subsequent signal processing, ensuring that U_detect is within a suitable voltage range within the normal operating current range of the load. This avoids both excessively small signals leading to detection errors and excessively large signals exceeding the input range of subsequent modules.

[0037] The voltage signal U_detect output from the load detection module inevitably contains various noise interferences (such as electromagnetic interference, power supply ripple, etc.), which can affect the accuracy of subsequent signal processing. The state stabilization filtering module uses one or more stages of filtering circuits (such as RC low-pass filters, band-pass filters, or active filters) to filter U_detect. Taking an RC low-pass filter as an example, it uses a combination of resistor R and capacitor C to present high impedance to high-frequency noise signals and low impedance to low-frequency useful signals, thereby filtering out high-frequency noise and retaining the low-frequency signal reflecting the stable operating state of the load. The cutoff frequency of the filtering circuit is optimized according to the operating characteristics of the load and the noise frequency range to ensure that important signal characteristics are not lost while effectively suppressing noise.

[0038] The filtered signal may have a small amplitude, requiring amplification to meet the input requirements of the subsequent feedback calculation module. The state-stabilization filtering module uses a high-gain, low-noise operational amplifier to construct the amplification circuit. By appropriately setting the ratio of the feedback resistor to the input resistor, the filtered signal is amplified to a suitable amplitude. Furthermore, transient responses (such as surge currents and voltage spikes) may occur when the load is connected, leading to signal instability. The state-stabilization filtering module incorporates a signal monitoring and judgment unit. By continuously monitoring the signal fluctuation amplitude and rate of change, it determines whether the load has entered a stable operating state. When the signal fluctuation amplitude is less than a set threshold within a preset time, the load is considered to be in a stable operating state. At this point, the corresponding load characteristic signal INPUT_IDE is extracted to ensure that subsequent feedback control is based on a stable and reliable signal.

[0039] The feedback calculation module is the control core of the entire system. Its main function is to generate feedback control parameters based on the received characteristic signal INPUT_IDE, through preset threshold comparison and logical operations. The threshold comparison unit has built-in preset thresholds, which are set according to the load's rated operating current, safe operating range, and the system's control accuracy requirements. When the characteristic signal INPUT_IDE is input to the threshold comparison unit, it is compared with the preset thresholds, and outputs corresponding high and low level signals (logic 1 or logic 0). The logic operation unit performs logical operations based on these high and low level signals, and in conjunction with the system's control strategy, generates feedback control parameters containing information such as the current adjustment direction and adjustment amplitude.

[0040] The analog switch control module selects the input channel of the resistor divider network based on the feedback control parameters generated by the feedback calculation module, thereby outputting the current source regulation signal VC. The resistor divider network consists of multiple precision resistors with different resistance values, each corresponding to a specific current regulation level. The analog switch (such as a multiplexer) acts as the channel selection device, with its input connected to each output of the resistor divider network, and its output connected to the adjustable current source module.

[0041] Feedback control parameters are input to the analog switch control module in the form of digital signals (such as binary code). This module converts the digital signals into control signals for the analog switches through a decoding circuit, selecting the corresponding resistor divider channel. This multi-channel selection mechanism, implemented through a resistor divider network and analog switches, enables precise control of the current source, meeting the current accuracy requirements of different loads.

[0042] The adjustable current source module is the system's execution unit. Based on the control signal VC output from the analog switch control module, it outputs a current adapted to the load's operating current. This module typically uses power electronic devices (such as transistors, MOSFETs, and operational amplifiers) to construct the adjustable current source circuit. Its core principle is to dynamically adjust the output current by changing the reference voltage or adjusting the conduction level of the power devices through the control signal VC. Taking an operational amplifier-based adjustable current source as an example, the control signal VC is input as a reference voltage to the non-inverting input of the operational amplifier, and the inverting input is connected to a sampling resistor (used to detect the output current), forming a negative feedback closed-loop control. When VC increases, the output voltage of the operational amplifier increases, the conduction level of the power devices increases, and the output current increases; conversely, when VC decreases, the output current decreases. Through this closed-loop feedback mechanism, the adjustable current source module can respond to changes in the control signal VC in real time, quickly adjusting the output current to always adapt to the load's operating requirements, achieving adaptive intelligent control.

[0043] Based on the above-mentioned adaptive current source output control system, such as Figure 1 As shown, the control method of this technical solution includes the following steps:

[0044] S1, the load detection module detects the connection status of the load and obtains the status voltage signal indicating whether the load exists and its basic characteristics;

[0045] S2, input the state voltage signal into the state stabilization filter module, and use the state stabilization filter module to extract the load characteristic signal under stable working conditions;

[0046] S3, The load characteristic signal is input into the feedback calculation module. The feedback calculation module analyzes and calculates the load characteristic signal according to the preset algorithm model to generate feedback control parameters.

[0047] S4, The feedback control parameters are input to the analog switch control module. The analog switch control module selects the input channel of the resistor divider network according to the feedback control parameters, and then outputs the current source regulation signal VC.

[0048] S5 inputs the current source control signal VC to the adjustable current source module. The adjustable current source module adjusts the output current according to the current source control signal VC to meet the load requirements.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] This embodiment discloses an adaptive intelligent current source output control method. As a preferred implementation of the present invention, based on embodiment 1, in step S1, as follows... Figure 1The load detection module shown includes a load access channel and an access detection circuit. An external load is connected to the access detection circuit through the load access channel. The access detection circuit captures the current change of the detection resistor and converts the current signal into a voltage signal, i.e., a state voltage signal, based on Ohm's law. This embodiment uses the IEPE (Integrated Electronics Piezo-Electric) sensor, which is widely used in the TSI (Turbine Supervisory Instrumentation) field, as an example. In practical applications, due to the real-time monitoring requirements of different scenarios, IEPE sensors need to be added or removed temporarily.

[0051] Based on this, the load detection module can be an internal circuit of the TSI system, and can be configured with several load (IEPE sensor) access channels as needed. That is, the load detection module has several branches for accessing loads, such as the four branches configured in this technical solution. Figure 3 As shown, a 50Ω sensing resistor R is connected to the load detection module, and U_detect is the voltage across the sensing resistor. According to the characteristics of parallel circuits, the voltages in each branch are equal; that is, U_detect simultaneously reflects the voltages of each branch of the load detection module. Therefore, when a load (IEPE sensor) is connected, the equivalent resistance of the corresponding branch of the load detection module changes (e.g., from an open state to a closed state), causing changes in the total resistance, total current, power supply internal resistance voltage drop, and U_detect of the parallel circuit. Similarly, when a load (IEPE sensor) is removed, the equivalent resistance of the corresponding branch changes again (e.g., it returns to an open state), and the total resistance, total current, power supply internal resistance voltage drop, and U_detect change accordingly. Thus, by monitoring the change in U_detect, it is possible to determine whether a load (IEPE sensor) has been connected or removed, because the change in U_detect directly reflects the change in the current of the sensing resistor, and this change originates from the influence of the load (IEPE sensor) connection status (connected or removed) of the load detection module branch on the overall circuit resistance distribution and current distribution.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] This embodiment discloses an adaptive intelligent current source output control method. As a preferred implementation of the present invention, based on embodiment 2, in step S2, the state-stabilized filtering module includes a state-stabilized filtering circuit composed of an operational amplifier, a first-order RC filter and two external resistors. The state-stabilized filtering circuit is used to perform impedance matching, low-pass filtering and signal amplification of the signal.

[0054] Taking IEPE sensors, which are widely used in the TSI field, as an example, such as Figure 4 As shown:

[0055] A first-order RC filter consists of an RC low-pass filter circuit composed of a resistor R and a capacitor C1. The input signal U_detect is connected to the resistor R and the capacitor C1 in sequence, with the other end of capacitor C1 grounded. According to signal system theory, the s-domain transfer function of a first-order RC filter is... Where H(w) represents the system transfer function, w represents the angular frequency, R1 represents the resistance in the RC low-pass filter circuit, C1 represents the capacitance in the RC low-pass filter circuit, and j represents the imaginary unit. In the frequency domain, when the frequency of the input signal is lower than the cutoff frequency... When the frequency is above the cutoff frequency, the signal can pass through relatively smoothly; however, when the frequency is above the cutoff frequency, the signal will be significantly attenuated. Therefore, a suitable RC combination can be selected to meet the filter design parameter requirements. According to engineering practice requirements, the filter cutoff frequency is set to 10Hz. In this implementation, C1 = 1uf and R1 = 15.92kΩ are used.

[0056] Operational amplifier I, together with two external resistors, forms a non-inverting amplifier circuit. The characteristic of this circuit is that the non-inverting input of operational amplifier I is connected between resistor R1 and capacitor C1, while the inverting input is grounded through voltage divider resistor R2. This non-inverting amplifier circuit amplifies U_detect in phase. Based on the virtual short and virtual open characteristics of operational amplifier I, its amplification gain... In this implementation, R2 = 19kΩ and R3 = 1kΩ, with a signal amplification gain of 20. The output of operational amplifier I is connected to the INPUT_IDE signal output node, and simultaneously forms a negative feedback loop through the inverting input terminal of the feedback resistor R3 connector. Negative feedback can improve the performance of the operational amplifier, such as increasing the stability of the amplification factor, reducing nonlinear distortion, and extending the bandwidth.

[0057] In summary, the state-stabilized filter circuit of this embodiment, through reasonable circuit design and parameter selection, achieves impedance matching, low-pass filtering, and signal amplification, providing a stable and accurate signal for subsequent feedback calculations.

[0058] Example 4

[0059] This embodiment discloses an adaptive intelligent current source output control method. As a preferred implementation of the present invention, based on embodiment 1, 2 or 3, in step S3, the feedback calculation module includes a voltage comparison unit and a calculation chip unit. During the generation of feedback control parameters, the load characteristic signal INPUT_IDE is compared with the preset access threshold voltage and removal threshold voltage in the two operational amplifiers inside the voltage comparison unit, and outputs an ADD signal or a MINUS signal accordingly. The calculation chip unit receives the ADD signal or the MINUS signal and generates a three-bit binary adjustment signal S0S1S2 through a preset logic algorithm.

[0060] The voltage comparator unit essentially compares the input signal with a pre-set threshold voltage. Its input receives the INPUT_IDE signal from the state-stabilized filter circuit. The voltage comparator unit includes two operational amplifiers with two threshold voltages, each corresponding to a different decision condition. When the INPUT_IDE signal is higher than one of the threshold voltages, the voltage comparator unit outputs a MINUS signal through one of its output terminals; when the INPUT_IDE signal is lower than the other threshold voltage, the voltage comparator unit outputs an ADD signal through the other output terminal. These two threshold voltages are determined based on the load connection and removal status, reflecting the signal changes when the load is connected or removed. Taking IEPE sensors, widely used in the TSI field, as an example, in actual IEPE sensor insertion and removal applications, only one channel of IEPE sensor can be connected or removed at a time, and a detection voltage U_detect is obtained each time a sensor is connected or removed. Based on the connection or removal status, a table of U_detect voltage values ​​can be obtained:

[0061]

[0062] Therefore, the threshold voltage for sensor access is chosen to be 3.3V, and the threshold voltage for sensor removal is 4.8V. The input of the voltage comparator unit is electrically connected to the output of the state-stabilized filtering module. The two outputs of the voltage comparator unit are connected to the computing chip unit to receive the INPUT_IDE signal output from the state-stabilized filtering module. The voltage comparator unit performs preliminary judgment and conversion on the INPUT_IDE signal, converting the continuous analog signal into discrete digital signals (ADD and MINUS signals) based on the threshold voltage, providing a foundation for subsequent processing by the computing chip unit. For example, after performing a threshold comparison on the load characteristic signal INPUT_IDE, if the INPUT_IDE voltage value is less than the access threshold voltage, it outputs an ADD signal; if the INPUT_IDE voltage value is greater than the removal threshold voltage, it outputs a MINUS signal. In this way, the state changes of sensor access or removal can be quickly and accurately identified, providing state feedback for the entire adaptive current source output control circuit.

[0063] The computing chip unit is electrically connected to the analog switch and receives the MINUS and ADD signals from the voltage comparator unit. It contains pre-programmed algorithm logic that calculates the current load connection status based on these two signals. For example, if an ADD signal is received, the computing chip unit determines that a new load has been connected and increments the count accordingly; if a MINUS signal is received, it determines that a load has been removed and decrements the count accordingly. Finally, this count result is converted into a three-bit binary adjustment signal S0S1S2. This three-bit binary adjustment signal S0S1S2 accurately represents the current number or status of connected sensors for subsequent control of the analog switch circuit.

[0064] Example 5

[0065] This embodiment discloses an adaptive intelligent current source output control method. As a preferred implementation of the present invention, based on embodiment 4, in step S3, in addition to two operational amplifiers, the voltage comparison unit also includes an input filter circuit, a voltage divider circuit and a power supply decoupling circuit.

[0066] Take IEPE sensors, which are widely used in the TSI field, as an example:

[0067] The input filter circuit is connected to the input terminal of the voltage comparator unit to filter out high-frequency noise in the characteristic signal INPUT_IDE. Specifically, for example... Figure 5 As shown, the input filter circuit includes an RC filter composed of resistor R4 and capacitor C2. The INPUT_IDE signal is connected to resistor R4 and capacitor C2 in sequence, and the other end of capacitor C2 is grounded. According to signal system theory, the s-domain transfer function of a first-order RC filter is... In the frequency domain, when the frequency of the input signal is lower than the cutoff frequency... When the frequency is above the cutoff frequency, the signal can pass relatively smoothly; however, when the frequency is higher than the cutoff frequency, the signal will be significantly attenuated. Therefore, in this embodiment, R4 = 4.99kΩ and C2 = 0.1uF. The main function of the input filter circuit is to filter out high-frequency noise in the INPUT_IDE signal. In practical applications, the INPUT_IDE signal may be subject to various high-frequency interferences, such as electromagnetic interference and switching noise. The input filter circuit can filter out these high-frequency interference signals, retaining only the low-frequency effective signal, avoiding the influence of high-frequency noise on the subsequent voltage comparison process, and improving the accuracy of the comparison results.

[0068] Voltage divider circuit: The 5V power supply is grounded through a voltage divider circuit consisting of resistors R5, R6, and R7 connected in series. A capacitor C3 is connected in parallel with resistor R7. According to the voltage divider principle of series circuits, the voltage across a resistor is proportional to its resistance value. Different resistors will produce different voltage values, which can be used as reference voltages for operational amplifiers. The capacitor C3 connected in parallel with resistor R7 acts as a filter and stabilizes the voltage. Capacitor C3 can store charge, and when the voltage fluctuates, the capacitor can stabilize the voltage through charging and discharging. The function of the voltage divider circuit is to provide reference voltages for operational amplifiers A and B. By appropriately selecting the resistance values ​​of resistors R5, R6, and R7, two different reference voltages can be obtained, which are used to determine whether the INPUT_IDE signal is below a certain threshold (corresponding to the ADD signal) and whether it is above a certain threshold (corresponding to the MINUS signal), respectively.

[0069] Operational amplifier A: Its inverting input is connected between resistor R4 and capacitor C2, receiving the filtered INPUT_IDE signal. Its non-inverting input is connected between resistors R5 and R6, receiving a reference voltage (e.g., 4.8V) provided by a voltage divider circuit. Operational amplifier A compares the magnitudes of these two input signals. The operational amplifier output is connected to the MINUS signal output node and also connected to the digital power supply DVDD via resistor R8. When the INPUT_IDE signal at the inverting input is higher than the reference voltage (e.g., 4.8V) at the non-inverting input, operational amplifier A outputs a high level (achieved through the connection to the digital power supply DVDD via resistor R8), indicating that a load (IEPE sensor) has been removed.

[0070] Operational amplifier B: Its inverting input is connected between resistors R6 and R7, receiving another reference voltage (e.g., 3.3V) provided by the voltage divider circuit; its non-inverting input is connected between resistor R4 and capacitor C2, receiving the filtered INPUT_IDE signal; its output is connected to the ADD signal output node and also connected to the digital power supply DVDD through resistor R9. Operational amplifier B compares the INPUT_IDE signal with the reference voltage (e.g., 3.3V). When the INPUT_IDE signal is lower than the reference voltage (e.g., 3.3V), the output is high, which is the ADD signal, indicating that a load (IEPE sensor) is connected.

[0071] Power supply decoupling circuits play a crucial role in electronic systems. They are primarily used to remove noise and interference from the power supply, ensuring a stable and clean power supply for each circuit module. The power supply decoupling circuit in this technical solution includes capacitors C4, C5, C6, and C7.

[0072] One end of capacitor C4 is grounded, and the other end is connected between the 5V power supply and resistor R5. In a power supply system, various high-frequency noises and interferences may exist on the power lines. These noises may originate from fluctuations in the power supply itself, coupling from other circuit modules, etc. Capacitors have the characteristic of passing high frequencies and blocking low frequencies. For high-frequency noise signals, capacitor C4 acts as a short circuit, bypassing the high-frequency noise to ground, thereby reducing the impact of high-frequency noise on the voltage divider circuit. By removing high-frequency noise from the 5V power supply, the voltage divider circuit can accurately distribute voltage according to the resistance values ​​of resistors R5, R6, and R7, providing a stable and accurate reference voltage for operational amplifiers A and B, thus improving the stability and accuracy of the voltage comparator circuit.

[0073] The power supply pin of operational amplifier A is grounded through capacitor C6. During operation, the internal transistors and other components of operational amplifier A generate current variations, which may cause voltage fluctuations on the power supply line. Capacitor C6, acting as a decoupling capacitor, can quickly provide or absorb charge when the current demand of operational amplifier A changes, thereby stabilizing the voltage at the power supply pin. When the current of operational amplifier A increases, capacitor C6 discharges to replenish the current; when the current decreases, capacitor C6 charges to store excess charge. A stable power supply is crucial for the normal operation of the operational amplifier. It can reduce the impact of power supply fluctuations on the operational amplifier's performance, such as avoiding output signal distortion and improving gain stability, thus ensuring that operational amplifier A can accurately compare the input signal and the reference voltage and output a reliable MINUS signal.

[0074] The non-inverting input of operational amplifier A is grounded through capacitor C5. From an AC coupling perspective, the capacitor blocks DC and passes AC, thus blocking any potential DC bias at the non-inverting input, ensuring that only the AC component of the input signal can reach the non-inverting input of operational amplifier A. In terms of filtering, for stray AC signals above a certain frequency, the capacitive reactance of capacitor C5 decreases, and these high-frequency stray signals are bypassed to ground. For example, when high-frequency electromagnetic interference enters the non-inverting input circuit, capacitor C5 allows the interference signal to dissipate through the grounding path, preventing it from affecting the normal operation of operational amplifier A. In summary, the function of capacitor C5 is to improve the quality of the input signal of operational amplifier A by removing unnecessary DC components and high-frequency stray signals. If there is a DC bias at the non-inverting input, it may cause the operating point of the operational amplifier to shift, affecting its linear amplification range and comparison accuracy. High-frequency stray signals may cause operational amplifier A to misjudge and output an incorrect MINUS signal. By using capacitor C5 for DC blocking and filtering, operational amplifier A can more accurately compare the input signal and the reference voltage, thereby more reliably outputting the MINUS signal representing the IEPE sensor status, and improving the stability and accuracy of the entire adaptive current source output control circuit.

[0075] The power supply pin of operational amplifier B is grounded through capacitor C7. Utilizing the charging and discharging characteristics of the capacitor, the voltage at its power supply pin is stabilized when the current demand of operational amplifier B changes, reducing the impact of power supply fluctuations on the operation of operational amplifier B. A stable power supply allows operational amplifier B to accurately compare the input signal with the reference voltage and output a reliable ADD signal, thereby providing accurate IEPE sensor access or removal status information for subsequent computing chips.

[0076] In summary, the voltage comparator circuit in this technical solution, through input filtering, voltage division, operational amplification, and processing, can accurately output MINUS and ADD signals based on the comparison result of the INPUT_IDE signal and a preset threshold. This provides the subsequent computing chip with sensor access or removal status information, facilitating the control of the adaptive current source output. Furthermore, the power supply decoupling circuit effectively removes noise and interference from the power supply through capacitors C4, C5, C6, and C7, providing a stable and clean power supply for the voltage divider circuit and operational amplifier in the voltage comparator circuit. This improves the stability and reliability of the entire voltage comparator circuit, ensuring that the adaptive current source output control circuit can accurately adjust according to the access and removal status of the IEPE sensor.

[0077] Example 6

[0078] This embodiment discloses an adaptive intelligent current source output control method. As a preferred implementation of the present invention, based on embodiment 4 or 5, in step S3, the initial three-bit binary adjustment signal of the chip unit is calculated to be 001; when an ADD signal is received, the current value of the three-bit binary adjustment signal is incremented by 1; when a MINUS signal is received, the current value of the three-bit binary adjustment signal is decremented by 1; if no signal is received, the current output is maintained. Based on this, as... Figure 6 As shown, the preset logic algorithm of the computing chip unit includes:

[0079] 1) Initialization Settings: Upon system startup, the computing chip unit performs an initialization operation, setting the three-bit binary adjustment signal S2S1S0 to 001. In the mapping relationship between digital encoding and current output, this initial value corresponds to an output reference current of 4mA. The reason for choosing 4mA as the reference current is to comprehensively consider the basic current requirements of various load types during startup or low-power operation, ensuring that the system can provide a stable and safe initial operating current for the load in the initial state, while also establishing a reference point for subsequent current adjustments.

[0080] 2) ADD Signal Response Mechanism: When the computing chip unit receives an ADD signal, it means the system needs to increase the output current to adapt to load changes. Under binary arithmetic rules, the current value of the three-bit binary adjustment signal is incremented by 1. For example, if the current adjustment signal is 010, its value becomes 011 after receiving the ADD signal. Each increment of the binary adjustment signal corresponds precisely to a current increment according to a pre-set relationship. This design allows the current regulation process to be performed in a discrete and controllable manner, avoiding the impact of sudden current changes on the load, while quickly responding to the load's demand for increased current.

[0081] 3) MINUS Signal Response Mechanism: Conversely, when the computing chip unit receives the MINUS signal, it indicates that the system needs to reduce the output current. At this time, the current value of the three-bit binary adjustment signal is decremented by 1. Assuming the current adjustment signal is 101, after receiving the MINUS signal, its value becomes 100. Similar to the ADD signal operation, each subtraction operation is closely related to the precise reduction of current, ensuring that the system output current can be adjusted in a timely manner according to the actual load situation, maintaining the stable operation of the load.

[0082] The three-bit binary adjustment signal S2S1S0 is not directly used to control the current output, but rather works in conjunction with the analog switch control module. The analog switch control module integrates a decoding circuit that converts the three-bit binary adjustment signal into a corresponding control signal to select different input channels of the resistor divider network. For example, when the adjustment signal changes from 001 to 010, the decoding circuit recognizes this change and drives the analog switch to switch to the resistor divider channel corresponding to 010. Different resistor divider channels, through different resistor combinations, generate voltage signals of different amplitudes, i.e., the current source control signal VC, ultimately achieving fine adjustment of the output current of the adjustable current source module.

[0083] The feedback calculation module plays a central decision-making role in the entire system. It continuously receives sensor characteristic signals (INPUT_IDE) from the state-stabilization filtering module and determines the current load operating state and the required current adjustment direction through preset threshold comparisons and logical operations. When the feedback calculation module determines that an increase in current is needed, it sends an ADD signal to the calculation chip unit; if it determines that a decrease in current is needed, it sends a MINUS signal. In this way, the logic algorithm of the calculation chip unit is tightly embedded into the closed-loop feedback control system, dynamically adjusting the current output based on the real-time load state to ensure that the system is always in an adaptive optimal operating state.

[0084] Example 7

[0085] This embodiment discloses an adaptive intelligent current source output control method. As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, based on embodiment 6, step S4 includes an analog switch control module comprising a resistor divider network and a switch chip U8. Taking the IEPE sensor, widely used in the TSI field, as an example... Figure 7 As shown:

[0086] A resistor voltage divider network consists of several resistors connected in series, with the first resistor connected to the power supply and the last resistor grounded, forming a multi-stage voltage divider node. The network includes resistors R10, R11, R12, R13, and R14 connected in series, with R14 connected to a +5V power supply and R10 grounded. According to the voltage divider principle of series circuits, the voltage across each resistor is proportional to its resistance. Since the current through each resistor is equal, different resistors will produce different voltage values. By appropriately selecting the resistance values, a series of different voltage division values ​​can be obtained. These voltage division values ​​serve as input signals for the switching chip U8, providing it with multiple different voltage input options. Depending on the connection status of the load (IEPE sensors), the computing chip unit controls the switching chip U8 to select different input channels, thereby selecting different voltage division values ​​as outputs to adjust the current source control signal VC, thus adapting to the power supply requirements of different numbers of loads (IEPE sensors).

[0087] Pin Y4 of the switching chip U8 is connected between the +5V power supply and resistor R14; pin Y3 is connected between resistors R14 and R13; pin Y2 is connected between resistors R13 and R12; pin Y1 is connected between resistors R12 and R11; and pin Y0 is connected between resistors R11 and R10. Pins Y4-Y0 serve as the input channels for the switching chip U8, corresponding to different voltage division points in the resistor divider network. By selecting different pins as inputs, different voltage division values ​​can be selected for the output.

[0088] The positive power supply pin VDD of the switching chip U8 is connected to a +5V power supply, and the negative power supply pin VEE is connected to a -5V power supply. This provides the power required for the normal operation of the switching chip U8. The setting of positive and negative power supplies ensures that the switching chip can operate stably in different operating modes, especially in circuits that process positive and negative voltage signals.

[0089] The ground pin VSS and the enable pin E# are both grounded. The ground pin VSS provides a reference ground potential for the chip, ensuring the normal operation of the internal circuitry. Grounding the enable pin E# enables the switch chip U8, putting it into operation.

[0090] Address selection pins A0, A1, and A2 are connected to the computing chip unit and used to select the input channel. The computing chip unit outputs corresponding binary encoded signals to these pins based on the connection status of the load (IEPE sensor). For example, A0, A1, and A2 can form a three-bit binary number, with different combinations corresponding to different input channels (Y0-Y4). Specifically: when the computing chip unit receives a MINUS signal, it triggers the MINUS function, decrements the values ​​of S0, S1, and S2 by 1, and transmits this value to the address selection pins A0, A1, and A2 of the switching chip; when the computing chip unit receives an ADD signal, it triggers the ADD function, increments the values ​​of S0, S1, and S2 by 1, and transmits this value to the address selection pins A0, A1, and A2 of the switching chip; if the computing chip unit does not receive a signal, it maintains the current output value. In this way, the computing chip unit can control the switching chip U8 to select an appropriate voltage divider value as the output.

[0091] Pin Z is the output pin, connected to the VC signal output node. The switching chip U8 selects the corresponding input channel according to the signal from the address selection pin, and outputs the voltage division value of that channel through pin Z as the current source control signal VC, which is then output to the adjustable current source circuit to regulate the output current of the current source.

[0092] In summary, the analog switch circuit in this technical solution, through the cooperation of the resistor voltage divider network and the switch chip U8, can select an appropriate voltage divider value as the current source control signal VC output according to the connection status of the load (IEPE sensor), providing a precise control signal for the adjustable current source circuit and realizing adaptive current source output control.

[0093] Example 8

[0094] This embodiment discloses an adaptive intelligent current source output control method. As a preferred implementation of the present invention, based on embodiments 1-7, in step S5, the adjustable current source module includes a two-stage operational amplifier circuit. In the first-stage operational amplifier circuit, the non-inverting input terminal of operational amplifier U1 receives the current source control signal VC, the inverting input terminal is grounded through resistor R15, and the output terminal is fed back to the inverting input terminal through resistor R16. In the second-stage operational amplifier circuit, the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of operational amplifier U2 are connected to the non-inverting input terminal of operational amplifier U1 through resistor R18 to achieve stable control of the current output. The output current IOUT and the control signal VC satisfy a linear relationship of IOUT = a × VC, where a represents the proportional coefficient.

[0095] Specifically, taking the IEPE sensor, which is widely used in the TSI field, as an example, as shown in Figure 8, its adjustable current source circuit includes operational amplifier U1 and operational amplifier U2.

[0096] The power supply pin V+ of operational amplifier U1 is connected to the power supply VCC, providing the necessary power for signal processing and amplification. The inverting input -IN is grounded via resistor R15, providing a fixed reference potential for comparison with the non-inverting input. The input VC signal is connected to the non-inverting input +IN of operational amplifier U1 via resistor R17. The VC signal is a current source control signal from the analog switching circuit, carrying control information determined by the number of connected sensors. Resistor R17 provides current limiting and impedance matching, ensuring stable signal input to the operational amplifier. The output OUT of operational amplifier U1 is connected to the inverting input -IN via resistor R16, forming a negative feedback loop. This negative feedback stabilizes the gain and output of the operational amplifier, improving circuit stability and linearity. When the output signal changes, a portion of the output signal is fed back to the inverting input via feedback resistor R16 for comparison with the input signal, thus adjusting the output for greater stability and accuracy.

[0097] The output terminal OUT of operational amplifier U1 is connected to the output node of the current source signal IOUT through resistor R19. Based on the characteristics of the operational amplifier and the principle of negative feedback, the output current IOUT has a certain linear relationship with the input signal VC. By appropriately selecting the values ​​of resistors R15, R16, R17, and R19, precise control of the output current IOUT can be achieved, making it proportional to the VC signal, thereby adjusting the output current according to the number of connected sensors.

[0098] The power supply pin V+ of operational amplifier U2 is connected to the power supply VCC, providing operating power for operational amplifier U2. The inverting input terminal -IN and the output terminal OUT of operational amplifier U2 are connected to the non-inverting input terminal +IN of operational amplifier U1 through resistor R18. Operational amplifier U2 serves as an auxiliary regulator and compensation unit. It can further process and adjust the VC signal input to the non-inverting input terminal of operational amplifier U1, such as improving signal stability and compensating for potential signal distortion or errors, thereby improving the performance and output accuracy of the entire adjustable current source circuit.

[0099] In summary, operational amplifiers U1 and U2 work together to achieve the function of an adjustable current source. Operational amplifier U1 is the core signal processing and amplification unit, outputting a current IOUT proportional to VC based on the input VC signal and the negative feedback mechanism. Operational amplifier U2 optimizes and compensates the input signal, ensuring that operational amplifier U1 can process the signal more accurately, ultimately achieving the goal of adaptively adjusting the output current according to the number of connected sensors, providing a stable and suitable power supply current to the load.

[0100] Based on the principle of deep negative feedback, it can be calculated that:

[0101]

[0102] Among them, I out Indicates the output current, A v It is the voltage gain, V C It is the VC signal voltage, R set This is a set resistor. The following values ​​can be selected for R in this technical solution: 15 =1kΩ,R 16 =4kΩ,A v =4,R set =1kΩ, I out = 4 × Vc(mA).

[0103] Based on the current supply requirements of a 4-channel load, this technical solution's current source can output 4mA, 8mA, 12mA, 16mA, and 20mA. When no load is connected, the output current is fixed at 4mA. For each additional load, the output current increases by 4mA. Therefore, this technical solution dynamically adjusts the supply current by detecting the actual insertion of the load, ensuring that each load receives a stable and sufficient current while avoiding unnecessary energy waste.

Claims

1. An adaptive intelligent current source output control method, characterized in that, An adaptive current source output control system is adopted, which includes a load detection module, a state stabilization filtering module, a feedback calculation module, an analog switch control module, and an adjustable current source module; the control method includes the following steps: S1, the load detection module detects the connection status of the load and obtains the status voltage signal indicating whether the load exists and its basic characteristics; S2, input the state voltage signal into the state stabilization filter module, and use the state stabilization filter module to extract the load characteristic signal under stable working conditions; S3, the load characteristic signal is input to the feedback calculation module. The feedback calculation module analyzes and calculates the load characteristic signal according to a preset algorithm model to generate feedback control parameters. The feedback calculation module includes a voltage comparison unit and a calculation chip unit. During the generation of feedback control parameters, the load characteristic signal INPUT_IDE is compared with the preset access threshold voltage and removal threshold voltage in the two operational amplifiers inside the voltage comparison unit, and outputs an ADD signal or a MINUS signal accordingly. The calculation chip unit receives the ADD signal or the MINUS signal and generates a three-bit binary adjustment signal S0S1S2 through a preset logic algorithm. S4, The feedback control parameters are input to the analog switch control module. The analog switch control module selects the input channel of the resistor divider network according to the feedback control parameters, and then outputs the current source regulation signal VC. S5 inputs the current source control signal VC to the adjustable current source module. The adjustable current source module adjusts the output current according to the current source control signal VC to meet the load requirements.

2. The adaptive intelligent current source output control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the load detection module includes a load access channel and an access detection circuit; the external load is connected to the access detection circuit through the load access channel, the access detection circuit captures the current change of the detection resistor, and converts the current signal into a voltage signal, i.e., a state voltage signal, based on Ohm's law.

3. The adaptive intelligent current source output control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S2, the state-stabilized filtering module includes a state-stabilized filtering circuit consisting of an operational amplifier, a first-order RC filter, and two external resistors. The state-stabilized filtering circuit is used to perform impedance matching, low-pass filtering, and signal amplification.

4. The adaptive intelligent current source output control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, after the voltage comparison unit performs a threshold comparison on the load characteristic signal INPUT_IDE, if the voltage value of the load characteristic signal INPUT_IDE is less than the access threshold voltage, it outputs an ADD signal; if the voltage value of the load characteristic signal INPUT_IDE is greater than the removal threshold voltage, it outputs a MINUS signal.

5. The adaptive intelligent current source output control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the initial three-bit binary adjustment signal of the calculation chip unit is 001; when the ADD signal is received, the current value of the three-bit binary adjustment signal is incremented by 1; when the MINUS signal is received, the current value of the three-bit binary adjustment signal is decremented by 1. If no signal is received, maintain the current output.

6. The adaptive intelligent current source output control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the adjustable current source module includes a two-stage operational amplifier circuit, wherein: In the first-stage operational amplifier circuit, the non-inverting input terminal of operational amplifier U1 receives the current source control signal VC, the inverting input terminal is grounded through resistor R15, and the output terminal is fed back to the inverting input terminal through resistor R16. In the two-stage operational amplifier circuit, the inverting input and output of operational amplifier U2 are connected to the non-inverting input of operational amplifier U1 through resistor R18 to achieve stable control of the current output. The output current IOUT and the control signal VC satisfy a linear relationship of IOUT=a×VC, where a represents the proportional coefficient.

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