Anti-stain inducer as well as preparation method and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an anti-stain inducer as well as a preparation method and a use method thereof. According to the anti-waterlogging inducer, 0.01-0.02 g of potassium persulfate is mixed with a corresponding dosage of a synergistic compound agent in 1 L of an earthworm enzyme solution, a proper amount of ROS is induced in plants by spraying of potassium persulfate, ROS is used as a stress resistance signal, a crop plant defense reaction is activated, a stress memory is formed, and the anti-waterlogging inducer has a good anti-waterlogging effect. Therefore, the stress response of the plant can be quickly activated in a subsequent stress environment, and the stress resistance of the plant is improved. The anti-stain inducer provided by the invention is low in cost and easy for large-scale production. When the wheat waterlogging stress occurs, the wheat waterlogging resistance can be effectively improved by spraying the wheat waterlogging stress resisting agent before the wheat is subjected to waterlogging stress in a simple and convenient use mode easy for farmers to operate, so that the yield and the quality of the wheat are remarkably improved. The inducer provided by the invention avoids the problem that the existing remedial conditioning agent is difficult to apply in time under the condition of heavy rainfall, and provides a new solution for agricultural disaster resistance and reduction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of pesticides, and in particular to an anti-staining inducer and a preparation and use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with global climate change, the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events such as heavy rains, floods, and droughts have increased significantly, posing severe challenges to global agricultural production. Waterlogging, in particular, is one of the major abiotic stresses affecting crop growth. Under waterlogging conditions, soil aeration decreases, preventing crop roots from receiving sufficient oxygen. This disrupts root metabolism and prevents plants from effectively absorbing water and nutrients. This not only severely impacts crop growth and development but also induces diseases such as root rot, ultimately leading to reduced yields and even crop death. Wheat, a globally important food crop, is particularly susceptible to waterlogging. When wheat experiences waterlogging, its leaf photosynthetic capacity decreases, root oxidative respiration is inhibited, and the plant chlorosis, growth retardation, and even death occur, severely impacting its yield and quality.

[0003] At present, the response measures to waterlogging stress mainly include three categories: variety improvement, field management and post-disaster remediation. However, these measures have certain limitations and it is difficult to fundamentally solve the problem. Although variety improvement can cultivate certain waterlogging-resistant wheat varieties, it is difficult to promote and apply them in the short term due to the long breeding cycle and the large impact of the environment; field management measures such as drainage and deep loosening, although they can improve the aeration of the soil to a certain extent, often fail to play a role in time when faced with sudden waterlogging disasters; and existing post-disaster remediation measures rely on the spraying of plant growth regulators or nutrient supplements after waterlogging occurs. Although they can alleviate plant damage to a certain extent, their response to stress is delayed, and the effect is limited by the timing of operation and climatic conditions. These methods are often difficult to implement in a timely and effective manner in actual production, resulting in losses that cannot be effectively controlled. In addition, the products used for waterlogging stress regulation in the existing technology are usually expensive, the preparation process is complicated, and there are certain technical barriers when using them, making them difficult to popularize in large-scale agricultural production.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a technical solution that can not only preventively treat wheat before waterlogging stress occurs and enhance its resistance to waterlogging, but also has the advantages of simple preparation, low cost and easy use to meet the needs of large-scale agricultural production, so as to improve the adaptability of wheat when encountering waterlogging stress and reduce the impact of waterlogging disasters on wheat yield and quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application addresses the deficiencies of the prior art and provides a waterlogging resistance inducer and its preparation and use methods. This application is capable of actively enhancing wheat's resistance to waterlogging stress, improving leaf photosynthetic capacity under waterlogging stress, and reducing wheat yield losses. This application specifically employs the following technical solutions.

[0006] First, to achieve the above purpose, an anti-staining inducer is proposed, which includes: 0.01-0.02g of potassium persulfate and a synergistic compounding agent dissolved in 1L of earthworm enzyme solution.

[0007] Optionally, in any of the above anti-staining inducers, the synergistic compounding agent includes any one of the following or a combination thereof: potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea, and sugar.

[0008] Optionally, the anti-staining inducing agent as described above further comprises 0.05 ml to 0.1 ml of Tween.

[0009] Optionally, in any of the above anti-staining inducers, the amount of potassium dihydrogen phosphate dissolved in 1L of earthworm enzyme solution is 2-5g; the amount of urea dissolved in 1L of earthworm enzyme solution is 5-15g; and the amount of sugar dissolved in 1L of earthworm enzyme solution is 15-30g.

[0010] Optionally, the anti-staining inducer as described above further comprises the following: 0.015g potassium persulfate; 2g potassium dihydrogen phosphate; 6g urea; 15g sucrose; 0.1ml Tween-20 dissolved in 1L earthworm enzyme solution and diluted 150 times with water.

[0011] Optionally, any of the above-mentioned anti-waterlogging inducers is diluted 150-200 times and then sprayed on the surface of crop plants until the anti-waterlogging inducer on the leaves of the plants forms droplets and flows down.

[0012] At the same time, the present application also provides a method for preparing any of the above-mentioned anti-staining inducers, the steps of which include: dissolving 0.01-0.02g of potassium persulfate and a synergistic compounding agent in 1L of earthworm enzyme solution and stirring evenly.

[0013] Optionally, the method for preparing the anti-staining inducing agent as described above further comprises the following steps: diluting the stirred solution to 150-200 times, and adding 0.05 ml to 0.1 ml of Tween-20.

[0014] In addition, the present application also provides a method for using any of the above-mentioned anti-waterlogging inducers, the steps of which include: diluting the anti-waterlogging inducer 150-200 times and spraying it directly on wheat plants.

[0015] Optionally, the method of using the waterlogging resistance inducer as described above is to spray it on a cloudy day 1-2 days before the wheat suffers from waterlogging stress during the heading period; or, the spraying period is 1-2 days before the wheat suffers from waterlogging stress during the heading period: on a sunny morning before sunrise or in the evening after sunset.

[0016] Beneficial effects

[0017] The anti-waterlogging inducer provided by the present application and its preparation and use methods are as follows: the anti-waterlogging inducer is prepared by mixing 0.01-0.02g of potassium persulfate with a corresponding dose of a synergistic compound in 1L of earthworm enzyme solution, and spraying potassium persulfate to induce an appropriate amount of ROS in the plant, using ROS as an anti-stress signal to activate the defense response of the crop plant and form a "stress memory", thereby activating the stress response of the plant more quickly when encountering a stress environment in the future, thereby improving its stress resistance. The anti-waterlogging inducer of the present application is low in cost and easy to mass produce. It only needs to be sprayed before the wheat is subjected to waterlogging stress, and the anti-waterlogging ability of the wheat can be effectively improved before the waterlogging stress occurs through a simple and easy-to-operate method for farmers, thereby significantly improving the yield and quality of the wheat. The inducer of the present invention avoids the problem that the existing remedial regulators are difficult to apply in a timely manner under conditions of heavy rainfall, and provides a new solution for agricultural disaster prevention and mitigation.

[0018] In addition, the inducer of the present application also has the following significant advantages:

[0019] 1. Simple and efficient preparation process: The raw materials used are easily available, the preparation process is simple and low-cost, and it is suitable for large-scale production and promotion and application.

[0020] 2. Economical and easy to operate: The method of use is flexible and convenient, and farmers can easily master it without the need for complex equipment, which greatly reduces the application threshold.

[0021] 3. Significant anti-waterlogging effect: After spraying the inducer, wheat showed stronger adaptability under waterlogging stress conditions, and the leaf aging process was significantly delayed, reducing the impact of waterlogging on wheat yield and quality.

[0022] 4. Innovative solutions for extreme climates: This invention provides an efficient and sustainable solution to extreme weather and agricultural disasters caused by global climate change, which is of great significance for ensuring food security and improving agricultural risk resistance.

[0023] Other features and advantages of the present application will be set forth in the following description, and in part will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practicing the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] To make the purpose and technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0025] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in common dictionaries should be understood to have meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the prior art and, unless defined as such herein, will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense.

[0026] The meaning of "and / or" in this application means that both situations where each exists alone or both exist at the same time are included.

[0027] The wheat waterlogging resistance inducer provided by the present invention comprises a solvent and a solute. The solvent is 1L of earthworm enzyme solution, and the solute comprises 0.01-0.02g of potassium persulfate. Furthermore, any one or more of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (2-5g), urea (5-15g), and sugar (15-30g) can be optionally added as synergistic compounding agents to synergize with potassium persulfate to stimulate the plant's waterlogging resistance. 0.05-0.1mL of Tween-20 can also be added to the solution as a buffer and surfactant to enhance the effectiveness of the spraying agent.

[0028] Preferably, the wheat anti-soil stain inducer is sprayed after being diluted 150-200 times according to the earthworm enzyme stock solution (earthworm active enzyme plant polypeptide solution).

[0029] Preferably, the sugar is sucrose.

[0030] Preferably, the method comprises dissolving potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea, sucrose and potassium persulfate in an earthworm enzyme solution, adding Tween-20 and stirring evenly to obtain the wheat anti-soiling inducer.

[0031] A method for using the wheat waterlogging resistance inducer of the present invention comprises spraying the wheat waterlogging resistance inducer on wheat to improve the waterlogging resistance of the wheat.

[0032] Preferably, the wheat waterlogging resistance inducer is sprayed directly onto the wheat plants during spraying.

[0033] Preferably, the spraying period is the heading stage of wheat.

[0034] Preferably, the spraying amount of the wheat waterlogging resistance inducer is such that liquid droplets are formed on the wheat leaf surface and the spraying is performed more than twice a day.

[0035] Preferably, the spraying time is on a cloudy day 1-2 days before the wheat suffers from waterlogging stress during the heading period.

[0036] Preferably, the spraying time can also be selected as 1-2 days before the wheat suffers from waterlogging stress during the heading period: in the morning before sunrise or in the evening when the sun sets on a sunny day.

[0037] This invention proposes an innovative wheat waterlogging resistance inducer and its preparation and use methods. The inducer is composed of a solvent and a solute. The solvent is an earthworm enzyme solution diluted 150-200 times; the solute is mainly composed of 0.01-0.02g of potassium persulfate. Potassium persulfate is used to induce an appropriate amount of ROS in plants. ROS acts as a stress resistance signal, activating the plant's defense response and forming a "stress memory." This allows the plant to more quickly activate its stress response in subsequent stressful environments, thereby improving its stress resistance.

[0038] In addition, the effective solute components of the waterlogging resistance inducer provided by the present application may further include: potassium dihydrogen phosphate (2-5g), urea (5-15g), sucrose (15-30g), and Tween-20 (0.05-0.1mL), thereby utilizing the synergistic supplementation of plant nutrients and internal plant signaling substances by each component, and further combining with potassium persulfate to provide plants with better stress resistance in waterlogged environments. The preparation method of the present application is simple and efficient. The wheat waterlogging resistance inducer can be obtained by dissolving the solutes one by one in a solvent and stirring evenly.

[0039] In terms of usage, the inducer acts directly on wheat plants by spraying, and is particularly suitable for the critical stage from heading to earing. Spraying 1-2 days before waterlogging stress occurs during the heading to earing period can significantly enhance the wheat's ability to resist waterlogging. The spraying amount should be sufficient to form droplets on the leaves. To reduce the interference of direct sunlight on the effect of the inducer, it is recommended to spray on cloudy days. You can also choose to spray on sunny days before sunrise in the morning or after sunset in the evening. Spraying can be done twice a day as needed to ensure that the wheat fully absorbs the active ingredients of the inducer before the stress occurs.

[0040] The present invention has significant innovation and practical value. In terms of innovation, the present invention is the first to propose a method of treating wheat with active defensive inducers to cope with waterlogging stress. This solution changes the passive response mode of traditional post-disaster remediation and opens up a new idea of ​​implementing preventive treatment before waterlogging stress occurs. By combining a precisely proportioned earthworm enzyme solution with a variety of nutrients and regulatory ingredients, wheat is induced to develop waterlogging tolerance, which greatly improves the photosynthetic capacity and root activity of wheat under waterlogging conditions, effectively reduces physiological damage caused by hypoxia, and reduces yield losses.

[0041] The earthworm enzyme stock solution used in the following experiments, i.e., earthworm active enzyme plant polypeptide solution, was purchased from Farbo Biotechnology Co., Ltd. The earthworm enzyme solution was prepared by diluting the earthworm enzyme stock solution 150-200 times, i.e., dissolving 6.67-5 mL of earthworm enzyme stock solution in 1 L of water to obtain the earthworm enzyme solution diluted 150-200 times.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] The experiment was conducted in 2024-2025 at the Jurong Experimental Base of Nanjing Agricultural University, and was planted in a field environment. The local promoted variety Zhenmai 12 was used, and the seeds were sown on November 13, 2024, at a rate of 25 catties / mu. Before sowing, the nitrogen fertilizer application rate was 240 kg·hm- 2 The base-topdressing ratio is 6:4, and the amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers is 120 kg·hm- 2 , the base-topdressing ratio is 5:5. Field management is carried out according to the requirements of high-yield cultivation. Waterlogging stress is carried out for 5 days during the wheat heading stage, during which the water layer is maintained at 1-2 cm. Two days before suffering from waterlogging stress, wheat anti-waterlogging inducer is sprayed at 6 am and 6 pm for two consecutive days, and spraying is stopped each time when droplets fall naturally on the wheat leaves. Among them, the inducer is prepared as follows: 2g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 9g of urea, 15g of sucrose, and 0.015g of potassium persulfate are dissolved in 1L of earthworm enzyme solution diluted 150 times, and then 0.05mL of Tween-20 is added and stirred evenly to prepare wheat anti-waterlogging inducer.

[0044] Spraying the wheat waterlogging resistance inducer during the heading stage or before wheat suffers from waterlogging stress can effectively improve the wheat plant's ability to resist waterlogging.

[0045] (1) Spraying urea is quickly absorbed by the leaves and converted into nitrogenous compounds, providing nitrogen source reserves for protein synthesis (such as antioxidant enzymes and amino acid metabolism) under waterlogging stress, thereby avoiding physiological disorders caused by abnormal nitrogen metabolism during waterlogging.

[0046] (2) Supplementing phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in advance can ensure the synthesis of substances such as ATP and NADH during waterlogging, alleviate the energy metabolism crisis during waterlogging, and maintain the stability of guard cell turgor pressure, reduce leaf dehydration, and improve the stability of the membrane system.

[0047] (3) Sucrose directly provides a reaction substrate for glycolysis, alleviating the damage caused by insufficient energy metabolism substrates during waterlogging and providing more energy. It also activates the sugar signal transduction pathway during waterlogging, maintains cell osmotic potential, and ensures normal cell physiological structure.

[0048] (4) Potassium persulfate can produce ROS in plants, simulate waterlogging stress signals, activate the antioxidant system in plants, enhance the ROS scavenging ability during waterlogging, and maintain cellular redox homeostasis.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] The experimental process is the same as that of Example 1, except that the preparation method of the wheat anti-soil inducer formula used in this example is as follows: 5 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 15 g of urea, 30 g of sucrose, and 0.02 g of potassium persulfate are dissolved in 1 L of earthworm enzyme solution diluted 150 times, and then 0.1 mL of Tween-20 is added and stirred evenly to obtain the wheat anti-soil inducer.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] The experimental process is the same as that of Example 1, except that the wheat waterlogging resistance inducer used in this example is prepared by dissolving 3.75 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5 g of urea, 20 g of sucrose, and 0.01 g of potassium persulfate in 1 L of earthworm enzyme solution diluted 200 times, stirring evenly, and obtaining the wheat waterlogging resistance inducer.

[0053] Example 4

[0054] The experimental process is the same as that of Example 1, except that the wheat waterlogging resistance inducer used in this example is prepared by dissolving 5 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 15 g of urea, 30 g of sucrose, and 0.02 g of potassium persulfate in 1 L of a 200-fold diluted earthworm enzyme solution, and then adding 0.1 mL of Tween-20 and stirring evenly to obtain the wheat waterlogging resistance inducer.

[0055] Example 5

[0056] The experimental process is the same as that of Example 1, except that the preparation method of the wheat anti-soil inducer formula used in this example is as follows: 2 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5 g of urea, 15 g of sucrose, and 0.01 g of potassium persulfate are dissolved in 1 L of earthworm enzyme solution diluted 150 times, and then 0.05 mL of Tween-20 is added and stirred evenly to obtain the wheat anti-soil inducer.

[0057] In order to further verify whether the components in the present application scheme can cooperate with each other to achieve an anti-waterlogging effect that is better than that of a single component, the present application also replaced each active ingredient in the above-mentioned inducer scheme one by one with other components that can provide similar functions, and carried out the following comparative experiments.

[0058] Comparative Example 1

[0059] The experimental process is the same as that of Example 1, except that potassium persulfate is not used in the anti-staining inducer. That is, the preparation method of the anti-staining inducer formula used in this comparative example is: 2 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 9 g of urea, and 15 g of sucrose are dissolved in 1 L of earthworm enzyme stock solution diluted 150 times, and then 0.05 mL of Tween-20 is added and stirred evenly to obtain the anti-staining inducer.

[0060] Comparative Example 2

[0061] The experimental process is the same as that of Example 1, except that potassium persulfate is not used in the anti-staining inducer, but chitosan oligosaccharide is used. The preparation method of the anti-staining inducer formula used in this comparative example is as follows: 2 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 9 g of urea, 15 g of sucrose, and 0.1 g of chitosan oligosaccharide are dissolved in 1 L of earthworm enzyme solution diluted 150 times, and then 0.05 mL of Tween-20 is added and stirred evenly to obtain the anti-staining inducer.

[0062] Comparative Example 3

[0063] The experimental process is the same as that of Example 1, except that potassium persulfate is not used in the anti-staining inducer, but abscisic acid (ABA) is used. The preparation method of the anti-staining inducer formula used in this comparative example is as follows: 2 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 9 g of urea, 15 g of sucrose, and 0.02 g of ABA are dissolved in 1 L of earthworm enzyme solution diluted 150 times, and then 0.05 mL of Tween-20 is added and stirred evenly to obtain the anti-staining inducer.

[0064] Comparative Example 4

[0065] The experimental process is the same as that of Example 1, except that the earthworm enzyme solution is not used in the anti-staining inducer. Instead, the same amount of clean water is directly taken as the solution according to the diluted ratio. The preparation method of the anti-staining inducer formula used in this comparative example is as follows: 2g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 9g of urea, 15g of sucrose, and 0.015g of potassium persulfate are dissolved in 150L of clean water, and then 0.05mL of Tween-20 is added and stirred evenly to obtain the anti-staining inducer.

[0066] Comparative Example 5

[0067] The experimental process is the same as that of Example 1, except that potassium dihydrogen phosphate is not used in the anti-staining inducer, but dipotassium hydrogen phosphate is used. The preparation method of the anti-staining inducer formula used in this comparative example is as follows: 3 g of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 9 g of urea, 15 g of sucrose, and 0.015 g of potassium persulfate are dissolved in 1 L of earthworm enzyme stock solution diluted 150 times, and then 0.05 mL of Tween-20 is added and stirred evenly to obtain the anti-staining inducer.

[0068] Comparative Example 6

[0069] The experimental process is the same as that of Example 1, except that ammonium bicarbonate is used instead of urea in the anti-staining inducer. The preparation method of the anti-staining inducer formula used in this comparative example is as follows: 2 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 15 g of ammonium bicarbonate, 15 g of sucrose, and 0.015 g of potassium persulfate are dissolved in a 150-fold diluted earthworm enzyme solution of 1 L of earthworm enzyme stock solution, and then 0.05 mL of Tween-20 is added and stirred evenly to obtain the anti-staining inducer.

[0070] Comparative Example 7

[0071] The experimental process is the same as that of Example 1, except that maltose is used instead of sucrose in the anti-staining inducer. The preparation method of the anti-staining inducer formula used in this comparative example is as follows: 2 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 9 g of urea, 15 g of maltose, and 0.015 g of potassium persulfate are dissolved in a 150-fold diluted earthworm enzyme solution of 1 L of earthworm enzyme stock solution, and then 0.05 mL of Tween-20 is added and stirred evenly to obtain the anti-staining inducer.

[0072] The field was divided into 12 test plots. Two days before waterlogging stress, each test plot was sprayed with the corresponding inducer (Example 1 inducer, Example 2 inducer, Example 3 inducer, Comparative Example 1 inducer, Comparative Example 2 inducer, Comparative Example 3 inducer, Comparative Example 4 inducer, Comparative Example 5 inducer, Comparative Example 6 inducer, Comparative Example 7 inducer) in the morning and evening. The plot that was not sprayed and was waterlogged was used as the treatment (CW), and the plot that was not waterlogged and not sprayed was used as the control (CK). Spraying was stopped when droplets naturally fell from the wheat leaves during each spraying.

[0073] The SPAD values ​​of the upper three leaves were measured using a chlorophyll meter on the day when waterlogging stress ended and 15 days after anthesis.

[0074] During the flowering period, select ears of uniform size that bloomed on the same day and were marked. During the flowering and maturity periods, single stems were collected and sorted by stem, leaf, ear, and kernel. Samples were placed in envelopes and fixed at 105°C for 30 minutes. Dry them at 75°C until constant weight was reached, and the dry weight was measured. Three replicates were used for each treatment, with 10 plants in each replicate. Material accumulation and transport were calculated as follows:

[0075] Material transport before flowering (RAP) = dry matter weight of vegetative organs at flowering stage - dry matter weight of vegetative organs at maturity stage;

[0076] Pre-flowering material transport rate (REP) = pre-flowering material transport amount / dry matter weight of vegetative organs at flowering stage × 100;

[0077] Contribution rate of material transport before anthesis (CTA) = amount of material transport before anthesis / grain dry matter weight at maturity × 100;

[0078] Post-anthesis accumulation (PAA) = dry matter weight of plant at maturity - dry matter weight of vegetative organs at flowering;

[0079] Contribution rate of post-anthesis material transport (CPA) = post-anthesis material accumulation / dry matter weight of mature grains × 100.

[0080] Ten representative plants with consistent growth were selected from each plot 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days after anthesis. The ears were removed, placed in envelopes, and withered at 105°C for 30 min. They were then dried at 75°C to constant weight, threshed manually, and the grains were weighed. Finally, the Logistic equation was used to fit the wheat filling dynamics.

[0081] Each plot randomly collected 20 ears continuously to determine the yield components of the number of grains per ear and the thousand-grain weight. 2 The kernels were scanned with a near-infrared grain analyzer and the yield of each treatment at a moisture content of 13% was calculated.

[0082] The results are shown in Tables 1-5.

[0083] Measurement results:

[0084] 1. Wheat yield and its components

[0085] Table 1 Effects of spraying waterlogging-resistant inducers before waterlogging on wheat yield and its components under waterlogging stress at the booting stage

[0086]

[0087] Note: Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant differences (p<0.05). Same below.

[0088] As shown in Table 1, waterlogging stress during the booting stage resulted in a significant decrease in wheat 1000-kernel weight, and the actual yield decreased significantly by 25.2% compared to CK (P < 0.05). Compared to CW, Example 3 showed a significant increase in the number of ears, Examples 1-3 showed a significant increase in 1000-kernel weight, and the actual yield increased significantly by 21.5%-35.6%. Examples 2 and 3 showed no significant difference compared to CK, which is sufficient to demonstrate that the anti-waterlogging inducer of the present application can achieve the same yield level as wheat under waterlogging stress, effectively overcoming the negative impact of waterlogging on wheat yield.

[0089] The final yields of Comparative Examples 3, 5 and 7 were significantly higher than those of CW, but all failed to reach the CK level. This proves that although the components replaced in the above-mentioned comparative examples can partially reduce the negative impact of waterlogging on wheat yield, the stress resistance achieved by the synergistic effect between the components cannot reach the waterlogging resistance level of the inducer provided in the present application. The thousand-grain weight of Comparative Example 3 showed the lowest performance, the number of ears of Comparative Example 5 and the number of grains per ear of Comparative Example 7 were relatively low, and the final yield was significantly lower than that of Examples 2 and 3, indicating that this waterlogging resistance inducer can achieve the effect of stress resistance and stable yield. The components of the same type corresponding to those in the inducer of the present application replaced in the comparative examples will affect each other when actually applied to field environments, and cannot, like the components in the present application, obtain a better waterlogging resistance effect through the synergistic effect between the ingredients.

[0090] 2. Upper triceps SPAD value

[0091] The SPAD values ​​measured by a chlorophyll meter 5 days after waterlogging stress and 15 days after flowering are shown in Tables 2 and 3.

[0092] Table 2 Effects of spraying waterlogging resistance inducers before waterlogging on SPAD of upper three leaves of wheat under waterlogging stress at the booting stage

[0093]

[0094] Table 3 Effects of spraying waterlogging resistance inducers before waterlogging on SPAD of wheat upper three leaves 15 days after anthesis under waterlogging stress at the booting stage

[0095]

[0096]

[0097] As shown in Tables 2 and 3, compared with CK, the SPAD value of the upper three leaves treated with CW decreased significantly 5 days after waterlogging stress and 15 days after flowering. The SDAP values ​​of Examples 1-3 did not show a significant decrease after 5 days of stress, proving that the inducer of the present application effectively inhibited chlorophyll degradation. The SPAD value of the upper three leaves 15 days after flowering was significantly higher than that of CW, proving that the inducer of the present application effectively delayed premature senescence of leaves.

[0098] In Comparative Example 1, the lack of ROS early warning led to severe premature leaf senescence. In Comparative Example 3, although the exogenous hormone was able to maintain the SPAD value during the waterlogging stress stage, it was less effective in the post-flowering stage and could not exert a long-term effect. The replacement of substances in other comparative examples all led to a decrease in the leaf protection function of the inducer, indicating that this experimental formula can prevent chlorophyll degradation in the short term and delay premature chlorophyll senescence in the long term, with better anti-waterlogging effects.

[0099] 3. Dry matter accumulation and transportation

[0100] Table 4 Effects of spraying waterlogging resistance inducers before waterlogging on dry matter accumulation and translocation of wheat under waterlogging stress at the booting stage

[0101]

[0102]

[0103] Note: RAP: amount of material transported before anthesis; REP: rate of material transported before anthesis; CTA: contribution rate of transported before anthesis;

[0104] PAA: Post-anthesis accumulation amount; CPA: Post-anthesis accumulation contribution rate

[0105] As shown in Table 4, waterlogging stress caused a serious imbalance in the accumulation and distribution of wheat dry matter. The RAP of Examples 1-2 was significantly higher than that of CW, and Examples 1-3 maintained more normal and reasonable PAA and CAP, reflecting the protection of leaf photosynthetic capacity.

[0106] The post-flowering material accumulation amount PAA and post-flowering accumulation contribution rate CPA levels of the plants in Comparative Examples 1-5 were significantly inferior to those of Examples 1-3 of the present application. The post-flowering material accumulation amount PAA and post-flowering accumulation contribution rate CPA levels of the plants in Comparative Examples 1-5 were not significantly different from those in the CW group under waterlogging stress. This proves that after replacing the inducer components, the synergistic effect of the present application cannot be achieved between the components, and therefore the reversal of waterlogging damage cannot be effectively achieved. It is particularly noteworthy that the CPA of Comparative Example 5 is only 29.9%, which further indicates that Comparative Example 5 cannot protect the leaves for a long time and cannot delay the premature senescence of the leaves after flowering. The grain filling in this comparative example depends on the transportation of early reserve substances. The data confirm that the formula of the present invention can optimize the imbalance of material distribution caused by waterlogging and improve the waterlogging resistance of the plant.

[0107] 4. Wheat filling characteristics

[0108] Table 5 Effects of spraying waterlogging resistance inducers before waterlogging on wheat filling parameters under waterlogging stress at the booting stage

[0109]

[0110]

[0111] It can be seen from Table 5 that compared with CW, the dry matter accumulation rate of Example 3 is significantly increased (1.24%), the duration of the rapid growth period of Examples 1-2 is significantly prolonged (2.95%), and the theoretical maximum biomass of the examples is higher, indicating that the examples can synergistically improve the filling potential after stress by increasing the dry matter accumulation rate and prolonging the duration of the rapid growth period. The data of each comparative example are mostly inferior to those of the examples of the present application. Even if some parameters in a few comparative examples are close to the level of the examples, on the whole, the filling effect achieved by the comparative examples cannot reach the level of the examples of the present application. Taking comparative example 5 as an example, its theoretical maximum biomass is not significantly different from that of the examples, but the final yield is significantly lower than that of the examples. The dry matter accumulation rate of comparative example 7 is significantly lower than that of the examples. Although the rapid growth period lasts the longest, the yield-increasing effect is poor due to the low PAA.

[0112] Based on the above experimental results, it can be seen that spraying the anti-waterlogging inducer before waterlogging can increase the SPAD value of the three leaves under waterlogging stress and 15 days after flowering, enhance the photosynthetic capacity under waterlogging conditions, increase the contribution rate of photosynthetic products to grains after flowering, increase the dry matter accumulation rate in the rapid growth period and prolong the duration of the rapid growth period in the filling period, so as to delay the senescence of leaves after waterlogging, and ultimately increase the number of ears and thousand-grain weight to increase the final yield. In Comparative Example 3, although the actual yield was significantly higher than that of CW when potassium persulfate was replaced with ABA, ABA directly activated the plant stress response gene and gave wheat short-term stress tolerance, but the SPAD value after flowering and the law of material accumulation showed that it was impossible to induce wheat to produce long-term and effective stress resistance, resulting in the lowest thousand-grain weight and lower anti-waterlogging effect than the embodiment. In Comparative Example 5, replacing potassium dihydrogen phosphate with dipotassium hydrogen phosphate can increase the thousand-grain weight and yield of wheat under waterlogging stress, and both are potassium-containing phosphates and can provide the same nutrients for plants. However, since the K+ / PO43- ratio of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 1:1, while the K+ / PO43- ratio of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate is 2:1, the components of the comparative example will cause K + -Mg2- competitive inhibition directly leads to the lowest leaf SPAD value, premature leaf aging, and the final yield of the plant being overly dependent on the accumulation and transport of pre-flowering substances. In Comparative Example 7, sucrose was replaced with maltose. Maltose needs to be decomposed into glucose before it can work, but the activity of hydrolases is inhibited under waterlogging, and sucrose can directly provide a reaction substrate. In addition, sucrose is also involved in signal transduction during spikelet development, which can promote spikelet development and increase the number of grains per spike. Maltose does not have this regulatory ability.

[0113] The present invention constructs a trinity of "signal warning-metabolic protection-structural stabilization" anti-waterlogging synergistic system through the synergistic combination of urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sucrose and potassium persulfate: potassium persulfate releases hydroxyl radicals (·OH), simulating the early stress signal of waterlogging to activate the antioxidant system in the body. Sucrose provides a carbon source to drive glycolysis, while maintaining the stability of cell osmotic potential and promoting the development of spikelets. Urea provides a nitrogen source, which serves as a material reserve for protein synthesis under waterlogging. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate provides PO43-, which promotes the synthesis of substances such as ATP, and K+ maintains the cell membrane potential and improves the stability of the membrane system. Various substances cooperate with each other to form a synergistic network, improve the waterlogging tolerance of wheat, and achieve a breakthrough in anti-adversity synergistic effect of "1+1>2". In summary, the anti-waterlogging inducer provided by the present application and its preparation and use methods can cope with the threat of extreme weather brought about by global climate change to agricultural production, especially the serious impact of waterlogging stress on wheat growth. By spraying this inducer in advance, wheat's resistance to waterlogging stress can be proactively enhanced, promoting its adaptability and growth under waterlogging conditions, and effectively reducing the negative impact of waterlogging on wheat yield and quality. This invention not only addresses the uncertain effectiveness and operational inconvenience of existing post-disaster remedial measures, but also provides an efficient and economical preventative solution for large-scale agricultural production with a simple preparation process and low production costs, thus making a significant contribution to food security and sustainable agricultural development.

[0114] The above is only an embodiment of the present application, and its description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these modifications and improvements are all within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An anti-staining inducing agent, characterized in that Includes dissolved in 1L of earthworm enzyme solution: Potassium persulfate 0.01-0.02g, and synergistic compounding agent.

2. The anti-staining inducing agent according to claim 1, wherein The synergistic compounding agent includes any one of the following or a combination thereof: potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea, and sugar.

3. The anti-staining inducing agent according to claim 1, wherein Also include 0.05 ml to 0.1 ml of Tween.

4. The anti-staining inducing agent according to claim 2, wherein The amount of potassium dihydrogen phosphate dissolved in 1L of earthworm enzyme solution is 2-5g; The amount of urea dissolved in 1L of earthworm enzyme solution is 5-15g; The amount of sugar dissolved in 1L of earthworm enzyme solution is 15-30g.

5. The anti-staining inducing agent according to claim 1, wherein Include: dissolved in 1L of earthworm enzyme solution and diluted 150 times with water: 0.015g potassium persulfate; 2g potassium dihydrogen phosphate; 6g urea; 15g sucrose; 0.1ml Tween-20.

6. The anti-staining inducing agent according to claims 1-4, characterized in that The anti-waterlogging inducer is diluted 150-200 times and then sprayed on the surface of the crop plants, until the anti-waterlogging inducer on the leaves of the plants forms droplets and flows down.

7. The method for preparing the anti-staining inducing agent according to claim 1, wherein The steps include: Dissolve 0.01-0.02g of potassium persulfate and the synergistic compound in 1L of earthworm enzyme solution and stir evenly.

8. The method for preparing the anti-staining inducing agent according to claim 1, wherein The following steps are also included: The stirred solution was diluted 150-200 times and 0.05 ml to 0.1 ml of Tween-20 was added.

9. The method for using the anti-staining inducing agent according to claim 1, wherein: The steps include: The anti-soillogging inducer is diluted 150-200 times and then directly sprayed on the wheat plants.

10. The method for using the anti-staining inducing agent according to claim 9, wherein: The spraying time is on cloudy days 1-2 days before wheat is subjected to waterlogging stress during the heading period; Alternatively, the spraying period is 1-2 days before the wheat suffers from waterlogging stress during the heading period: in the morning before sunrise or in the evening after sunset on a sunny day.

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