Space-air-ground three-dimensional communication cross-network cooperative reliable transmission method, device and system

Abstract

The invention provides a space-air-ground three-dimensional communication cross-network cooperative reliable transmission method, device and system. The system comprises a generalized service layer, a resource adaptation layer and a fusion network layer, the generalized service layer receives a service request initiated by a user, analyzes the service request to obtain a service attribute, and sends the service attribute to the resource adaptation layer; the resource adaptation layer performs service resource adaptation mapping by using a reinforcement learning algorithm according to the service attribute and the current network state information, generates a service deployment strategy and issues the service deployment strategy to the fusion network layer; and the fusion network layer schedules a corresponding network component according to the received service deployment strategy, and completes path selection, forwarding scheduling and coding strategy application tasks corresponding to the service request. The system has multi-protocol identification and unified packaging capabilities, and can receive multiple data formats and carry out standardized processing. According to the method, multi-path flexible scheduling, network coding and covert channel methods are integrated, and the limitation of an existing communication system in the aspects of protocol compatibility, transmission efficiency and reliability is broken through.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of air-space-ground-stereoscopic communication technology, and in particular to a method, device and system for cross-network collaborative reliable transmission of air-space-ground-stereoscopic communication. Background Art

[0002] With the rise of emerging scenarios such as smart cities, emergency rescue, low-altitude economy, connected vehicles, and airspace control, network communication demands are becoming highly dynamic, requiring wide coverage, low latency, and high reliability. Traditional, single-layered ground communication architectures struggle to meet these diverse needs. As a multi-domain, heterogeneous network integrating air-based, space-based, and ground-based networks, the Air-Ground-Earth 3D Communication Network (AGSCN) not only provides differentiated network services to meet growing business needs, but also offers network solutions for significant coverage gaps in remote mountainous areas, islands, oceans, and deserts. Currently, some existing AGSCN fusion technologies have significant limitations. For example, while existing multi-network aggregation and protocol conversion technologies have improved network fusion capabilities to a certain extent, most rely on static configurations and fixed policies, making them difficult to adapt to dynamic changes in the network environment. Furthermore, the current lack of unified standards for AGSCN fusion protocols results in low cross-network collaboration efficiency and limited resource scheduling.

[0003] A prior art method for integrating a fully connected public network based on satellite communications involves utilizing high-throughput satellites and triple-network convergence gateway technology to enable a single base station to simultaneously access the core networks of the three major operators (China Mobile, China Unicom, and China Telecom), providing signal coverage for all three. The system comprises communication access, data aggregation, a triple-network convergence gateway, the operator core network, and a unified cloud-based management and scheduling platform. The entire link is connected via a dedicated network and uses IPSec encryption, avoiding reliance on public network transmission and significantly enhancing security and stability. A cloud-based platform is also designed for link monitoring and site management, enabling centralized resource scheduling and visual O&M, offering significant practical value in critical scenarios such as network outages and weak networks.

[0004] The disadvantages of the above-mentioned prior art method for integrating the all-network public network communication network based on satellite communication include:

[0005] (1) Poor dynamic adaptability of the network: This method is essentially still a single network transmission structure that is independent and manually switched. It only supports the user side to choose to access a single network and route to the core network through the gateway. It lacks a dynamic switching and collaborative transmission mechanism between heterogeneous networks. When the terminal switches from one network to another, the communication will be interrupted or the connection needs to be re-established, and true cross-network transparent communication cannot be achieved. Therefore, this solution is difficult to adapt to the low-latency and high-reliability communication requirements in highly dynamic scenarios (such as drone relay, vehicle roaming, and multi-network convergence areas).

[0006] (2) Poor transmission reliability: This method triggers the backup link to take over communication tasks only when the link "completely fails." Its transmission process lacks the ability to perceive and respond to non-fatal conditions such as link congestion, packet loss, and fluctuations in real time. This "non-real-time, non-fine-grained" fault-tolerance mode makes the system vulnerable and lacks adaptability when facing complex and sudden communication environments, which easily leads to communication delays, data loss, or interruptions.

[0007] A prior art method for transmitting data in a satellite network that integrates multipath and network coding includes: first, dividing the satellite network into domains based on a centralized hierarchical fusion control model to form a domain-based architecture; second, a patented multipath selection algorithm designed to minimize data transmission costs within the domain-based architecture is employed to implement multipath and network coding transmission within the satellite network. By dividing the domain-based architecture and integrating multipath and network coding technologies, the patented technology can mitigate the network management complexity associated with the highly dynamic nature of network topology, improve the reliability, efficiency, and integrity of data transmission within the satellite network, and significantly reduce data transmission overhead within the satellite network.

[0008] The disadvantages of the above-mentioned prior art method for transmitting data in a satellite network integrating multipath and network coding include:

[0009] Lack of in-depth treatment of multipath out-of-order processing: This approach aims to minimize data transmission costs, but ignores the ubiquitous problem of packet out-of-order processing in multipath environments. In real-world applications, packets often arrive at the terminal out of order due to varying transmission delays along different paths. Without an effective out-of-order reassembly mechanism, this can severely impact terminal reception efficiency, reduce data transmission quality, and even lead to increased retransmissions, further increasing transmission costs.

[0010] Lack of adaptive coding capabilities for dynamic network environments: While the network coding strategy employed in this approach ensures consistent data volume before and after encoding, it lacks a dynamic adjustment mechanism to accommodate real-time changes in network status. In highly dynamic satellite network scenarios, static coding parameters struggle to adapt to fluctuations in link quality, leading to unstable or even degraded transmission performance and hindering further improvement in overall transmission reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The embodiments of the present invention provide a method, device and system for cross-network collaborative reliable transmission of air-space-ground-three-dimensional communication, so as to effectively improve the transmission efficiency and reliability of the air-space-ground-three-dimensional communication network.

[0012] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

[0013] A reliable transmission system for space-ground-air stereoscopic communication across networks, including: a generalized service layer, a resource adaptation layer, and a converged network layer;

[0014] The generalized service layer is used to receive a service request initiated by a user, parse the service request, obtain service attributes, and send the service attributes to the resource adaptation layer;

[0015] The resource adaptation layer is used to perform service resource adaptation mapping using a machine learning algorithm based on the service attributes sent from the generalized service layer and the current network status information sent from the converged network layer, generate a service deployment strategy including network switching, path scheduling, network coding, and covert channel transmission strategy, and send the service deployment strategy to the converged network layer;

[0016] The fusion network layer is used to collect current network status information and send the current network status information to the resource adaptation layer; according to the received service deployment strategy, it schedules the corresponding network components to complete the path selection, forwarding scheduling and coding strategy application tasks corresponding to the service request.

[0017] A cross-network collaborative reliable transmission method for air-space-ground stereoscopic communication, comprising:

[0018] The generalized service layer receives service requests initiated by users, parses the service requests, obtains service attributes, and sends the service attributes to the resource adaptation layer;

[0019] After receiving the service attributes, the resource adaptation layer intelligently divides the data flow based on scheduling priorities, load balancing constraints, and historical performance trend information. It selects a set of multi-path components that meet the service requirements based on the network status map, generates a service deployment strategy including a path deployment strategy, which includes the set of paths to be scheduled and the expected scheduling role of each path, and sends the path deployment strategy to the converged network layer.

[0020] The converged network layer receives the service deployment strategy and then deploys it. During data transmission, it uses network component tags to continuously track and perceive the status of each path, dynamically maintains a set of schedulable paths, and adjusts the network component composition of the path set in real time when path interruption or congestion exacerbation event trigger conditions occur.

[0021] Preferably, the resource adaptation layer dynamically selects a functional group with cross-network scheduling capabilities based on the node transmission requirements in the received service attributes and the underlying network status information, generates a service deployment strategy including cross-protocol switching, link switching and path optimization, and sends the service deployment strategy to the converged network layer;

[0022] The converged network layer establishes associations between multiple network components based on the functional requirements described by the service deployment strategy, calls actual network components to perform protocol type mapping and format reconstruction, and continuously tracks the protocol negotiation status based on the real-time network status view during the protocol conversion process to ensure status synchronization and connection consistency during link switching.

[0023] Preferably, the method further comprises:

[0024] The resource adaptation layer allocates a set of nodes with coding capabilities based on received service attributes and the current link stability status in the network, dynamically adapts redundancy strength and path distribution strategy, generates a service deployment strategy including redundant coding groups, and sends the service deployment strategy to the converged network layer. The redundant coding groups include coding parameters and scheduling methods.

[0025] The fusion network layer is deployed according to the service deployment strategy, continuously tracks the packet forwarding status during the transmission process, records the packet loss rate and redundancy recovery effect of each path, and when the receiving end receives a cumulative number of linearly independent encoded packets equivalent to the number of original data blocks, restores the original data through decoding. If the decoding conditions are not met within the encoding window, it decides whether to continue encoding at the source node based on status feedback.

[0026] Preferably, the method further comprises:

[0027] When a user initiates a communication access request, the generalized service layer parses the service request based on the communication type, authentication level, and concealment requirements, obtains service attributes, including whether to enable the covert channel and the corresponding embedding mode, and sends the service attributes to the resource adaptation layer;

[0028] The resource adaptation layer generates a service deployment strategy including covert channel information based on the service attributes, current network status, and authentication security level, and sends the service deployment strategy to the converged network layer. The covert channel information includes covert channel type, embedding frequency, rhythm control parameters, and identity tags.

[0029] The fusion network layer schedules a set of components supporting covert communication according to the received service scheduling strategy, determines the embedding position and timing of key authentication data, and carries out covert channel transmission. In the initial stage of identity authentication, the identity identifier and key negotiation parameters are encapsulated as authentication data and embedded into conventional communication behavior through a covert channel. After the communication is established, the system enters the continuous authentication stage. The system periodically triggers the lightweight identity tag generation task, implicitly embeds the tag into the message or realizes dynamic identity authentication through a covert timing channel.

[0030] A reliable cross-network collaborative device for air-space-ground stereoscopic communication, comprising: a network coding module, a multipath flexible scheduling module, a cross-network collaborative transmission module, and a covert channel transmission module;

[0031] The network coding module is used to perform encoding and decoding after receiving a data packet. During the data transmission phase, the original data is divided into several data blocks, the redundancy and coefficient matrix are dynamically adjusted according to the network status, and the coded packets are generated by linear combination and then sent. During the data packet reception phase, after receiving a sufficient number of linearly independent coded packets, the original data packet is reconstructed;

[0032] The multipath flexible scheduling module is used to dynamically adjust the traffic proportion of each path according to the scheduling period, perform dynamic routing and adaptive distribution, generate path scheduling strategies based on real-time network status and service QoS requirements, and avoid path overload or bottlenecks;

[0033] The cross-network collaborative transmission module is used to complete protocol parsing and network switching between heterogeneous networks, and to build cross-protocol switching, link switching, and path optimization strategies based on network status to ensure transparent connection of communication processes between multi-standard systems.

[0034] The covert channel transmission module is used to encode, embed and extract key information during the key information covert embedding stage, select the embedding method based on the current network status, and realize safe and imperceptible information transmission.

[0035] As can be seen from the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention described above, the present invention provides a method, device, and system for cross-network collaborative reliable transmission of air-ground-space stereoscopic communications. These methods are used to address the problems of difficult cross-network resource coordination, unstable transmission paths, and unreliable and insecure communications in existing air-ground-space communications systems. These methods are particularly suitable for communication needs in highly dynamic, heterogeneous environments such as smart cities, unmanned systems, and low-altitude logistics. The present invention can effectively implement core functions such as cross-network multipath transmission, data packet network coding, and covert transmission of critical data, providing an engineering reference for comprehensively improving the transmission efficiency and reliability assurance capabilities of air-ground-space stereoscopic communications networks.

[0036] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the following description, will become apparent from the following description, or may be learned by practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0038] Figure 1 A structural diagram of a cross-network collaborative reliable transmission system for space-ground stereoscopic communication provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating a reliable cross-network collaborative method for space-ground stereoscopic communications provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 A specific processing flow chart of a reliable cross-network collaborative method for space-ground stereoscopic communication provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 A structural diagram of a reliable device for cross-network collaboration of air-space-ground stereoscopic communications provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0043] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless expressly stated otherwise, the singular forms "a", "an", "said" and "the" used herein may also include the plural forms. It should be further understood that the term "comprising" used in the description of the present invention refers to the presence of the features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or groups thereof. It should be understood that when we refer to an element as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it may be directly connected or coupled to the other element, or there may be intermediate elements. In addition, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein may include wireless connections or couplings. The term "and / or" used herein includes any unit and all combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0044] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art in the art to which the present invention pertains. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in common dictionaries should be understood to have meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the prior art and, unless defined as such herein, will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense.

[0045] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, several specific embodiments will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and each embodiment does not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0046] The embodiments of the present invention provide a method, device and system for cross-network collaborative reliable transmission of air-space-ground three-dimensional communication. The purpose is to build a cross-network, multi-path and highly reliable air-space-ground three-dimensional integrated communication solution through architectural innovation and technology integration, and provide strong network support for emerging fields such as smart cities and low-altitude economy.

[0047] This invention designs a cross-network collaborative and reliable transmission system for space-ground-air stereoscopic communications. This system integrates multi-network collaboration, intelligent resource scheduling, and business services, achieving unified abstraction, intelligent matching, and automatic collaboration of heterogeneous elements. Secondly, to support reliable transmission under space-ground-air stereoscopic communications, this invention designs space-ground-air stereoscopic communication technologies and methods, including cross-network collaborative transmission, flexible multipath scheduling, enhanced coding redundancy, and covert channel transmission. Specifically, to address heterogeneous network access and protocol stack differences in the air-space-ground-three-dimensional communication network, a cross-network collaborative transmission method is proposed to achieve multi-standard protocol identification and mapping, support protocol conversion and resource collaborative scheduling between heterogeneous networks, achieve transparent access and efficient communication, and ensure seamless node switching and interoperability across multiple networks. To address transmission fluctuations caused by frequent link changes, a multipath flexible scheduling method is designed to dynamically optimize paths, perform concurrent transmission, and avoid congestion, improving transmission performance and resource utilization. To address high packet loss rates and high latency, a coding redundancy enhancement method is designed, combined with adaptive network coding, to improve transmission success rate and reliability while controlling load. To meet the needs of reliable communication in open environments, a covert channel method is introduced to embed key control information, enhancing identity authentication and data transmission reliability. These technical methods can form effective synergies to build a multi-dimensional integrated air-space-ground-three-dimensional communication support technology system. Furthermore, based on the proposed technical method and transmission system, the present invention proposes a cross-network collaborative reliable transmission device for air-space-ground-ground three-dimensional communication, which can effectively realize core functions such as cross-network multi-path transmission, data packet network coding and hidden transmission of key data, and provide an engineering reference for comprehensively improving the transmission efficiency and reliable guarantee capabilities of the air-space-ground-ground three-dimensional communication network.

[0048] The structure of a reliable transmission system for space-ground-air stereoscopic communication cross-network collaboration provided by the embodiment of the present invention is as follows: Figure 1 The system runs through the entire process of multi-network collaboration, resource intelligent scheduling and business services, and builds a converged communication system for multiple emerging applications. The system includes a generalized service layer, a resource adaptation layer and a converged network layer.

[0049] The generalized service layer is used to identify, describe, and intelligently manage diverse network services, support multiple application services, receive service requests initiated by users, parse service requests, obtain service attributes, and send service attributes to the resource adaptation layer.

[0050] The resource adaptation layer is used to adapt service resources based on the service attributes sent by the generalized service layer and the current network status information sent by the converged network layer. It uses algorithms such as machine learning, reinforcement learning, and graph neural networks to generate service deployment strategies, including network switching, path scheduling, link coding, and covert transmission strategies. It dynamically selects the optimal functional group to support the service and sends the service deployment strategy to the converged network layer to achieve on-demand resource scheduling and differentiated guarantees. The resource adaptation layer can implement multiple transmission strategy generation and network status analysis, achieving dynamic matching and scheduling between upper-layer service requirements and underlying network resources.

[0051] The converged network layer is used to schedule corresponding network components based on the received service deployment strategy. It performs tasks such as path selection, forwarding scheduling, coding strategy application, Quality of Service (QoS) control, and covert channel embedding. It also completes response processing operations corresponding to user-initiated service requests, achieving a closed service loop. The converged network layer enables deep integration of different network protocols and physical devices, supporting diverse communication needs and complex network scenarios. Through the collaborative work between these layers, unified abstraction, intelligent matching, and automatic collaboration of heterogeneous elements can be achieved.

[0052] The generalized service layer is oriented towards various business needs and is the interface layer that connects network capabilities and business applications. In actual operation, the generalized service layer supports on-demand registration and automatic discovery of services, can actively perceive the service call requirements of the user side or the task system, and generate service demand analysis. The resource adaptation layer is the "intelligent brain" of the air-space-ground communication system, mainly realizing the intelligent management and dynamic scheduling of various resource types. In actual work, the resource adaptation layer uses machine learning, reinforcement learning, and graph neural network algorithms to model and predict the network status based on the real-time status information uploaded by the converged network layer, and dynamically selects network components with similar functions to build functional groups to support the automated execution of policy deployment and resource scheduling. The converged network layer focuses on the abstraction and protocol integration of heterogeneous networks, and is the key foundation for achieving deep collaboration of multi-protocol and cross-platform devices.

[0053] In actual work, the converged network layer provides a unified communication view and transmission capabilities for the upper layer. It can generate device tags for various access entities - such as ground cellular networks (3G / 4G / 5G), low-orbit satellite links, low-altitude flight platforms (such as drone relays, eVTOL, etc.), vehicle-mounted / airborne communication equipment, and ground sensing equipment (such as RSU) - and collect device status information in real time, thereby dynamically constructing a network status map and providing data support for upper-layer intelligent strategies.

[0054] In the cross-network collaborative and reliable transmission system of air-space-ground-three-dimensional communication, a vertical interaction mechanism is used between each layer to build a closed loop of "network collaboration-resource mapping-service drive", supporting highly dynamic and differentiated network service needs in the air-space-ground-three-dimensional communication scenario.

[0055] The embodiment of the present invention provides a reliable cross-network collaborative method for air-space-ground-three-dimensional communication, which includes cross-network collaborative transmission, multi-path flexible scheduling, coding redundancy enhancement and covert channel transmission processing, which jointly support reliable transmission in the air-space-ground-three-dimensional communication environment. In response to the problems of heterogeneous network access and protocol stack differences in the air-space-ground environment, a cross-network collaborative transmission method is designed to perform protocol identification and mapping of multi-standard systems, and realize transparent conversion and collaborative scheduling between different network systems. In view of the strong dynamic and volatile characteristics of air-space-ground communication links, a multi-path flexible scheduling method is designed, a scheduling model based on real-time path quality evaluation is constructed, and service QoS indicators are introduced to dynamically optimize paths, realize concurrent transmission and congestion avoidance, and improve link continuity and resource utilization efficiency. In terms of coding redundancy enhancement methods, in response to the transmission bottlenecks of high packet loss and high latency in air-space-ground communication, an adaptive network coding strategy is introduced. The redundancy ratio and coefficient matrix are dynamically adjusted by the source end to improve the data transmission success rate and reliability while controlling the additional load, significantly enhancing the network's carrying capacity for harsh link conditions. Aiming at the data reliability and identity protection needs in an open environment, a covert channel transmission method is constructed to achieve covert embedding and reliable transmission of key control information, providing enhanced transmission concealment and security on the basis of ensuring legal identity identification.

[0056] The implementation principle of a reliable method for cross-network collaboration of air-space-ground stereoscopic communication provided by the embodiment of the present invention is as follows: Figure 2 The specific processing flow is as shown in Figure 3 As shown, the processing steps include the following:

[0057] Step S10: Multipath flexible scheduling method.

[0058] The multipath flexible scheduling method achieves multipath concurrency, dynamic switching and transmission fault tolerance in complex air-space-ground-ground three-dimensional network environments by constructing a dynamic closed-loop process of "path status identification - scheduling strategy generation - data transmission execution", meeting the core requirements of differentiated services for transmission reliability, real-time and robustness.

[0059] When the generalized service layer perceives a user's service request, it parses the request, obtains the service attributes, and sends them to the resource adaptation layer. These service attributes include the task's QoS requirements, such as bandwidth, latency, and packet loss rate. After receiving the service attributes, the resource adaptation layer intelligently divides data flows based on scheduling priorities, load balancing constraints, and historical performance trends. It generates service deployment strategies, such as path scheduling rules, and selects a set of multipath components that meet the service requirements based on the network status map. It also identifies the set of paths to be scheduled and the expected scheduling role of each path (e.g., primary / backup paths, data redundancy paths, etc.).

[0060] The converged network layer receives the service deployment policy and deploys it. During data transmission, it uses network component tags to continuously track and perceive the status of each path, dynamically maintaining a set of schedulable paths. If triggering conditions such as path disruption or increased congestion occur, the system adjusts the network component composition of the path set in real time, updates mappings, and reschedules remaining tasks.

[0061] Step S20: Cross-network collaborative transmission method.

[0062] The cross-network collaborative transmission method achieves protocol convergence and path collaboration across multiple networks by running through the entire process of "service identification - resource matching - network scheduling", supporting transparent communication and joint resource scheduling between heterogeneous systems. When the generalized service layer perceives the user's service request, it parses the service request, obtains the service attributes, and sends the service attributes to the resource adaptation layer. Based on the node transmission requirements described in the analysis and combined with the underlying network status information, the resource adaptation layer dynamically selects functional groups with cross-network scheduling capabilities and constructs service deployment strategies such as cross-protocol switching, link switching, and path optimization. The service deployment strategy is then sent down to the converged network layer to drive the actual scheduling and execution of network components.

[0063] At the converged network layer, based on the functional requirements described by the service deployment strategy, relationships are established between multiple network components, and the protocol identification and conversion engine network component is invoked to perform protocol type mapping and format reconstruction, ensuring seamless intercommunication between messages on different network standards. During the protocol conversion process, the system continuously tracks the protocol negotiation status based on a real-time network status view, ensuring state synchronization and connection consistency during link switching, and avoiding communication interruptions caused by protocol state loss.

[0064] Step S30: Coding redundancy enhancement method.

[0065] The coding redundancy enhancement method coordinates the perception status, task requirements, and network resources, dynamically adapting the redundancy strength and path distribution strategy to improve data transmission reliability in multi-path, multi-hop transmission environments. When the generalized service layer receives a user data task request, it generates a service requirement analysis based on the task's requirements for reliability, latency, and fault tolerance, and sends it to the resource adaptation layer. The resource adaptation layer, based on the link stability status of the current network, allocates a set of nodes with coding capabilities, generates a redundant coding group, and specifies coding parameters (such as coding window size, redundancy, re-encoding node location, etc.) and scheduling methods (such as multi-path distribution, hop limit, etc.) to guide subsequent coding and transmission behaviors.

[0066] The converged network layer is deployed according to the service deployment strategy, continuously tracking the packet forwarding status during transmission, recording the packet loss rate and redundancy recovery effect of each path. When the receiving end has received a cumulative number of linearly independent encoded packets equivalent to the number of original data blocks, it can recover the original data through decoding. This does not rely on any specific path or fixed order of packet arrival, effectively avoiding out-of-order and head-of-line blocking problems in multi-path transmission. At the same time, if the decoding conditions are not met within the encoding window, the architecture can determine whether to continue encoding at the source node based on status feedback, eliminating the need for retransmission request feedback and significantly reducing latency and control overhead.

[0067] Step S40: Covert channel transmission method.

[0068] To adapt to the complex characteristics of highly open transmission, weak communication security, and privacy protection in space-ground communication networks, a covert channel transmission method introduces a covert channel-based identity authentication design. This approach constructs an "identity identification - policy decision - covert transmission - continuous authentication" process, achieving highly reliable authentication assurance throughout the communication phase. When a user initiates a communication access request, the generalized service layer generates a service requirement analysis based on the communication type, authentication level, and covert requirements, determining whether to enable covert channels and the corresponding embedding mode (such as bit steganography or delay modulation). This information is then transmitted to the resource adaptation layer, which maps and generates covert authentication groups based on the current network status and authentication security level. Key policies such as covert channel type, embedding frequency, cadence control parameters, and identity tag generation are also specified. At the converged network layer, each network node schedules the components supporting covert communication based on the received service scheduling policy, determines the embedding location and timing of key authentication data, and initiates covert channel transmission. Specifically, during the initial authentication phase, the system encapsulates sensitive information such as identity identifiers and key negotiation parameters as authentication data and embeds it into regular communication activity via a covert channel. After communication is established, the system enters the continuous authentication phase. The system periodically triggers lightweight identity tag generation, implicitly embedding the tag into messages or implementing dynamic identity verification through covert timing channels. The receiving end verifies legitimacy in real time based on the tag identifier and communication status, ensuring that node identities are not spoofed or sessions hijacked during communication.

[0069] The structure diagram of a reliable device for cross-network collaboration of space-ground stereoscopic communication provided by an embodiment of the present invention is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the system includes the following modules: a network coding module 10 , a multipath flexible scheduling module 20 , an inter-network cooperative transmission module 30 and a covert channel transmission module 40 .

[0070] The network coding module 10 processes user data after receiving it. This module divides the original data into several blocks, generates coded packets through linear combination, and dynamically adjusts the redundancy and coefficient matrix based on network conditions such as path packet loss rate and stability, thereby improving transmission success rates without requiring retransmissions. The network coding module reconstructs the original data, achieving reliable data restoration.

[0071] During data packet transmission, the resource adaptation layer allocates a set of nodes with coding capabilities based on the received service attributes and the link stability status in the current network, dynamically adapts the redundancy strength and path distribution strategy, generates a service deployment strategy including redundant coding groups, and sends the service deployment strategy to the converged network layer. The redundant coding groups include coding parameters and scheduling methods. The converged network layer deploys according to the service deployment strategy, continuously tracks the data packet forwarding status during transmission, and records the packet loss rate and redundancy recovery effect of each path. When the receiving end receives a cumulative number of linearly independent coding packets equivalent to the number of original data blocks, it recovers the original data through decoding. If the decoding conditions are not met within the coding window, it decides whether to continue encoding at the source node based on status feedback.

[0072] The multipath flexible scheduling module 20 is used to build a path evaluation model based on the real-time collected network status and service QoS requirements, and perform dynamic routing and adaptive distribution. By integrating the network layer according to information such as scheduling priority, load balancing constraints and historical performance trends, it intelligently divides data streams, generates service deployment strategies such as path scheduling rules, and selects a set of multipath components that meet service requirements based on the network status map, clarifies the set of paths to be scheduled and the expected scheduling role of each path (such as primary / backup path, data redundancy path, etc.). The multipath flexible scheduling module supports dynamic adjustment of the traffic proportion of each path according to the scheduling cycle, effectively avoiding path overload or bottlenecks. At the same time, the multipath flexible scheduling module integrates a feedback closed-loop mechanism, predicts path performance changes through periodic or event-driven feedback information, automatically adjusts distribution strategies or initiates path switching, and enhances the system's adaptability in complex environments. The multipath flexible scheduling module analyzes and collects path performance for received data packets. The cross-network collaborative transmission method achieves multi-path concurrency, dynamic switching, and transmission fault tolerance in complex air-space-ground-ground networks by constructing a dynamic closed-loop process of "path status identification - scheduling strategy generation - data transmission execution," meeting the core requirements of differentiated services for transmission reliability, real-time, and robustness. Deployment is performed by integrating the network layer to receive the service deployment strategy. During data transmission, network component labels are used to continuously track and perceive the status of each path, dynamically maintaining the set of schedulable paths. If triggering conditions such as path interruption or worsening congestion occur, the system will adjust the network component composition of the path set in real time, update the mapping relationship, and reschedule the remaining tasks.

[0073] The cross-network collaborative transmission module 30 is used to complete efficient protocol parsing and network switching between heterogeneous networks, ensuring transparent connection of the communication process between multi-standard systems. Through the resource adaptation layer, based on the node transmission requirements in the received service attributes and combined with the underlying network status information, a functional group with cross-network scheduling capabilities is dynamically selected to generate a service deployment strategy including cross-protocol switching, link switching and path optimization, and the service deployment strategy is sent to the converged network layer. Through the converged network layer, based on the functional requirements described by the service deployment strategy, an association relationship is established between multiple network components, the protocol identification and conversion engine network component is called, and the actual network component scheduling is driven to perform protocol type mapping and format reconstruction. During the protocol conversion process, the protocol negotiation status is continuously tracked based on the real-time network status view to ensure state synchronization and connection consistency during the link switching process.

[0074] Covert channel transmission module 40 is used to encode and embed critical information (such as identity information and key negotiation parameters), flexibly selecting the embedding method based on the current network status to achieve secure and imperceptible information transmission, thereby enhancing transmission security while ensuring communication functionality. After the data arrives at the receiving end, the cross-network collaboration module identifies the protocol and completes the decapsulation process. If the critical information is currently embedded, the critical information is extracted and restored. Through the resource adaptation layer, a service deployment strategy including covert channel information is generated according to the service attributes, current network situation and authentication security level, and the service deployment strategy is sent to the fusion network layer. The covert channel information includes the encapsulated covert channel type, embedding frequency, rhythm control parameters and identity tag; through the fusion network layer, according to the received service scheduling strategy, the component set supporting covert communication is scheduled, the embedding position and timing of the key authentication data are determined, and covert channel transmission is carried out. In the initial stage of identity authentication, the identity identifier and key negotiation parameters are encapsulated as authentication data and embedded into the regular communication behavior through the covert channel. After the communication is established, the system enters the continuous authentication stage. The system periodically triggers the lightweight identity tag generation task, implicitly embeds the tag into the message or realizes dynamic identity authentication through a covert timing channel.

[0075] Through the efficient collaboration of modules such as cross-network scheduling, flexible multi-path deployment, network coding enhancement and covert channel transmission, the present invention not only achieves seamless switching and transparent collaboration between different network standards, but also significantly improves the stability, damage resistance and security of data transmission. It is suitable for a variety of complex scenarios including smart cities, low-altitude logistics, emergency communications, etc., and has good adaptability, scalability and engineering feasibility.

[0076] Example 1

[0077] This embodiment is applicable to intelligent cruise monitoring tasks in the complex environments of smart cities, primarily for efficient multi-source data collection, fusion processing, and stable cross-network transmission. To address the common issues of existing drone cruise systems, such as a single communication protocol, weak cross-network collaboration capabilities, and unstable transmission, the proposed method, device, and system for reliable cross-network collaborative transmission of three-dimensional air-space-ground communications can effectively adapt to heterogeneous network environments, achieving intelligent path switching and efficient and secure data transmission.

[0078] A. Fusion collection and coordinated transmission of multi-standard sensor data

[0079] In traffic cruise monitoring tasks, the drone equipped with the present invention can integrate multiple types of heterogeneous communication modules to achieve synchronous collection and fusion processing of multiple types of data. For example: the integrated RSU (Road Side Unit) module is used to obtain vehicle identity and traffic status information; the integrated LoRa (Long Range Radio) module is used to collect low-frequency remote sensing data, such as traffic flow and environmental monitoring data; the integrated WiFi module is used for high-bandwidth video image acquisition, such as real-time road condition video stream; the integrated ZigBee module is suitable for short-distance vehicle speed or specific area micro-environment perception. The collected multi-format data is uniformly processed through the network coding, multi-path scheduling and covert channel mechanism of the present invention, and the protocol parsing and conversion are completed with the help of the cross-network collaboration module, so as to achieve reliable backhaul to the public network through various methods such as cellular network, drone relay link or satellite communication.

[0080] B. Intelligent switching and strategy optimization of communication paths in cross-region environments

[0081] During actual patrols, drones often need to cross multiple communication coverage areas, such as transitioning from a city WiFi zone to a mountain satellite communication zone, or switching from a cellular network to a makeshift shortwave radio station. To address network system changes and fluctuating channel conditions, the present invention can sense channel quality in real time and dynamically adjust communication strategies. For example, it can proactively increase redundancy before entering a signal-weak area, enable multipath transmission to increase transmission bandwidth and prioritize critical data, or enable covert transmission strategies to ensure information security. Furthermore, it automatically performs protocol identification and data packet reconstruction when passing through overlapping signal areas, ensuring the continuity, integrity, and timeliness of data transmission and avoiding communication interruptions or information loss due to path switching.

[0082] C. Collaborative communication and resource optimization scheduling under large-scale deployment

[0083] In large-scale transportation hub scenarios (such as highway intersections, city hub airports, etc.), multiple drones equipped with the present invention can be deployed to collaboratively perform aerial monitoring tasks, building a multi-level low-altitude communication network that integrates air, space, and land. The system can dynamically optimize the transmission strategy between drones based on the network status and mission requirements of each node to achieve load balancing and efficient resource utilization. For example, a sensitive data encryption transmission method based on a covert channel is used to ensure data security; or network coding technology is introduced to reduce redundant overhead and improve overall data return efficiency. This type of collaborative deployment strategy further highlights the system stability and scalability of the present invention in complex, large-scale heterogeneous communication environments.

[0084] Example 2

[0085] This embodiment is suitable for urban scenes with dense traffic, crowded people or emergencies, especially during major events, holiday peaks or sudden congestion. By deploying drones and unmanned vehicles equipped with the device of the present invention, it supports video backhaul, command and dispatch, and emergency evacuation in key areas, effectively improving on-site response efficiency and command accuracy.

[0086] A. Real-time image transmission and traffic dynamic monitoring

[0087] In high-density areas (such as subway station entrances, urban arterials, and performance venues), the unmanned platform of the present invention can be used to collect on-site images, videos, and environmental information by using image sensors and cameras. This system performs network coding and multipath collaborative scheduling on the collected data before unified packaging and transmission. It also dynamically assesses channel quality, selects the optimal link for bandwidth aggregation and efficient video backhaul, and ensures that the command center receives a stable, continuous, high-resolution image stream, enabling real-time monitoring of traffic conditions. This system also includes real-time image backhaul and traffic monitoring.

[0088] B. Communication guarantee mechanism and voice call linkage

[0089] To address the problem of poor communication quality in densely populated areas, this invention improves the stability of communication links through network coding and bandwidth aggregation mechanisms. When the system identifies abnormal behavior such as people being stranded or gathering in an illegal manner, the command center can use the local control device equipped with this invention to issue audio instructions to unmanned front-end equipment equipped with this invention. After the equipment encapsulates and processes the instructions, it dynamically schedules the optimal link for low-latency delivery. The terminal then achieves accurate voice playback, rapidly guiding crowd movement and effectively guiding local crowds and maintaining order.

[0090] C. Multi-platform collaborative communication and dispatching instructions

[0091] The system supports the coordinated formation of a low-altitude communication grid with multiple drones and unmanned vehicles, enabling multi-node, cross-regional coordinated operation. Data streams collected by each drone and device are aggregated and transmitted to the control terminal for visual analysis of crowd distribution and trend prediction. Managers can issue refined dispatch instructions within the command interface, enabling intelligent guidance and dynamic control of drones and vehicles, achieving coordinated collaboration and rapid deployment across multiple devices, significantly improving overall traffic flow efficiency and urban operational resilience.

[0092] In summary, the embodiments of the present invention unify multi-network resources and communication processes through a vertically layered systematic architecture. The present invention includes a three-dimensional air-space-ground-air communication cross-network collaborative reliable transmission system, which builds a three-dimensional communication system for air, space, and ground multi-network environments, runs through the entire process of service identification, resource matching, and path scheduling, and solves the problems of inconsistent task granularity and inconsistent resource allocation in heterogeneous networks. By constructing a service demand parsing and mapping mechanism, the system effectively connects the business layer, control layer, and data layer, supports flexible access and intelligent scheduling of complex services in multiple types of networks, and realizes unified management, efficient collaboration, and transparent communication at the system level.

[0093] The present invention integrates multiple key mechanisms to break through the reliability and compatibility bottlenecks of air-ground-space communications. This invention includes a set of cross-network collaborative and reliable transmission technology solutions for air-ground-space three-dimensional communications. Unlike traditional air-ground-space communication methods characterized by single-path, static configuration, and difficulty in interoperability between multiple protocols, this invention integrates protocol-compatible encapsulation, multi-path flexible scheduling, network coding, and covert channel methods, breaking through the limitations of existing communication systems in terms of protocol compatibility, transmission efficiency, and reliability.

[0094] Supports heterogeneous protocol switching and scheduling, improving the compatibility and adaptability between heterogeneous networks. To address the protocol incompatibility issues caused by the coexistence of multiple systems in air-space-ground communications, the present invention proposes a cross-network collaborative transmission method with multi-protocol identification and unified encapsulation capabilities, which can receive multiple data formats and perform standardized processing. The system can dynamically switch data processing flows according to different network types, ensuring high adaptability and strong compatibility in complex heterogeneous network environments, thereby achieving unified access, standard conversion, and rapid forwarding, breaking the boundaries of traditional static protocols and providing standardized support for subsequent transmission.

[0095] Supports real-time perception and feedback-driven multi-path scheduling to improve service continuity and resource utilization. The present invention proposes a multi-path scheduling method that realizes real-time path evaluation and intelligent task allocation by integrating network status perception, business demand assessment and QoS priority modeling. The method supports dynamic adjustment of the scheduling ratio of each path under different link conditions to avoid bottleneck path overload and transmission congestion. Unlike traditional static path selection mechanisms, the present invention improves the adaptability to sudden network fluctuations and can maintain efficient and stable service quality, achieve load balancing and maximize transmission efficiency, especially in multi-network access or highly dynamic scenarios. It has significant advantages, which is a technical advantage that existing static or semi-static scheduling mechanisms cannot match.

[0096] Enhanced coding redundancy for multiple scenarios significantly improves transmission reliability. To improve transmission reliability, this paper proposes a coding redundancy enhancement method. The system generates redundant packets at the source or relay node. The receiver does not need to wait for specific retransmissions, but directly recovers the original data based on linearly independent coding packets, effectively avoiding problems such as out-of-order transmission and high retransmission overhead. Compared to traditional automatic repeat request mechanisms, this solution offers higher efficiency and greater fault tolerance in multipath and weakly connected scenarios.

[0097] Integrate covert transmission and identity authentication to enhance full-link security protection capabilities. To address the issues of easy exposure of nodes and easy analysis of signaling in open communication environments, the present invention proposes a covert channel transmission method that combines identity authentication and covert channels. The system embeds sensitive information such as keys and identities into the timing or content of data packets to achieve covert transmission of key information during communication, and can perform continuous identity authentication through lightweight authentication tags. This mechanism can effectively improve the overall reliable transmission and privacy protection capabilities of the system, which is a key advantage generally lacking in existing technologies.

[0098] The deployable and reconfigurable modular device design consists of a cross-network collaborative transmission module, a multi-channel flexible scheduling module, a network coding module, and a covert channel transmission module. It features clear functional division and collaboration, meeting communication needs in complex environments such as air-space-ground heterogeneous networks with weak network connectivity, high packet loss, and high dynamics. It also boasts excellent reconfigurability and continuous evolution capabilities, advantages not found in existing technologies.

[0099] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the accompanying drawings are merely schematic diagrams of an embodiment, and the modules or processes in the accompanying drawings are not necessarily required to implement the present invention.

[0100] From the above description of the embodiments, it can be seen that those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the present invention can be implemented by means of software plus the necessary general-purpose hardware platform. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the portion that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a storage medium such as ROM / RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and includes a number of instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention or certain parts of the embodiments.

[0101] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the device or system embodiments, since they are basically similar to the method embodiments, the description is relatively simple. For the relevant parts, refer to the partial description of the method embodiments. The device and system embodiments described above are merely schematic, wherein the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of this embodiment. A person of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without making any creative efforts.

[0102] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional air-ground-space communication cross-network collaborative reliable transmission system, characterized by: include: Generalized service layer, resource adaptation layer, and converged network layer; The generalized service layer is used to receive a service request initiated by a user, parse the service request, obtain service attributes, and send the service attributes to the resource adaptation layer; The resource adaptation layer is used to perform service resource adaptation mapping using a machine learning algorithm based on the service attributes sent from the generalized service layer and the current network status information sent from the converged network layer, generate a service deployment strategy including network switching, path scheduling, network coding, and covert channel transmission strategy, and send the service deployment strategy to the converged network layer; The fusion network layer is used to collect current network status information and send the current network status information to the resource adaptation layer; according to the received service deployment strategy, it schedules the corresponding network components to complete the path selection, forwarding scheduling and coding strategy application tasks corresponding to the service request.

2. A reliable transmission method for cross-network collaborative air-ground stereo communication, characterized in that: include: The generalized service layer receives service requests initiated by users, parses the service requests, obtains service attributes, and sends the service attributes to the resource adaptation layer; After receiving the service attributes, the resource adaptation layer intelligently divides the data flow based on scheduling priorities, load balancing constraints, and historical performance trend information. It selects a set of multi-path components that meet the service requirements based on the network status map, generates a service deployment strategy including a path deployment strategy, which includes the set of paths to be scheduled and the expected scheduling role of each path, and sends the path deployment strategy to the converged network layer. The converged network layer receives the service deployment strategy and then deploys it. During data transmission, it uses network component tags to continuously track and perceive the status of each path, dynamically maintains a set of schedulable paths, and adjusts the network component composition of the path set in real time when path interruption or congestion exacerbation event trigger conditions occur.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The method further comprises: The resource adaptation layer dynamically selects functional groups with cross-network scheduling capabilities based on the node transmission requirements in the received service attributes and the underlying network status information, generates service deployment strategies including cross-protocol switching, link switching, and path optimization, and sends the service deployment strategies to the converged network layer; The converged network layer establishes associations between multiple network components based on the functional requirements described by the service deployment strategy, calls actual network components to perform protocol type mapping and format reconstruction, and continuously tracks the protocol negotiation status based on the real-time network status view during the protocol conversion process to ensure status synchronization and connection consistency during link switching.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The method further comprises: The resource adaptation layer allocates a set of nodes with coding capabilities based on received service attributes and the current link stability status in the network, dynamically adapts redundancy strength and path distribution strategy, generates a service deployment strategy including redundant coding groups, and sends the service deployment strategy to the converged network layer. The redundant coding groups include coding parameters and scheduling methods. The fusion network layer is deployed according to the service deployment strategy, continuously tracks the packet forwarding status during the transmission process, records the packet loss rate and redundancy recovery effect of each path, and when the receiving end receives a cumulative number of linearly independent encoded packets equivalent to the number of original data blocks, restores the original data through decoding. If the decoding conditions are not met within the encoding window, it decides whether to continue encoding at the source node based on status feedback.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The method further comprises: When a user initiates a communication access request, the generalized service layer parses the service request based on the communication type, authentication level, and concealment requirements, obtains service attributes, including whether to enable the covert channel and the corresponding embedding mode, and sends the service attributes to the resource adaptation layer; The resource adaptation layer generates a service deployment strategy including covert channel information based on the service attributes, current network status, and authentication security level, and sends the service deployment strategy to the converged network layer. The covert channel information includes covert channel type, embedding frequency, rhythm control parameters, and identity tags. The fusion network layer schedules a set of components supporting covert communication according to the received service scheduling strategy, determines the embedding position and timing of key authentication data, and carries out covert channel transmission. In the initial stage of identity authentication, the identity identifier and key negotiation parameters are encapsulated as authentication data and embedded into conventional communication behavior through a covert channel. After the communication is established, the system enters the continuous authentication stage. The system periodically triggers the lightweight identity tag generation task, implicitly embeds the tag into the message or realizes dynamic identity authentication through a covert timing channel.

6. A reliable device for cross-network collaboration of air-space-ground stereoscopic communication, characterized in that: include: Network coding module, multipath flexible scheduling module, cross-network collaborative transmission module and covert channel transmission module; The network coding module is used to perform encoding and decoding after receiving a data packet. During the data transmission phase, the original data is divided into several data blocks, the redundancy and coefficient matrix are dynamically adjusted according to the network status, and the coded packets are generated by linear combination and then sent. During the data packet reception phase, after receiving a sufficient number of linearly independent coded packets, the original data packet is reconstructed; The multipath flexible scheduling module is used to dynamically adjust the traffic proportion of each path according to the scheduling period, perform dynamic routing and adaptive distribution, generate path scheduling strategies based on real-time network status and service QoS requirements, and avoid path overload or bottlenecks; The cross-network collaborative transmission module is used to complete protocol parsing and network switching between heterogeneous networks, and to build cross-protocol switching, link switching, and path optimization strategies based on network status to ensure transparent connection of communication processes between multi-standard systems. The covert channel transmission module is used to encode, embed and extract key information during the key information covert embedding stage, select the embedding method based on the current network status, and realize safe and imperceptible information transmission.

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