Method for guaranteeing presplitting blasting angle compliance and hole mark uniformity
By arranging pre-splitting hole points at medium intervals and adjusting the drill frame during pre-splitting blasting in open-pit mines, the problems of uneven hole marks and inconsistent angles were solved, uniform hole marks and compliant angles were achieved, and the effect and accuracy of pre-splitting blasting were improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511131994.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-13
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-16
AI Technical Summary
In pre-splitting blasting in open-pit mines, existing technology results in uneven hole marks and the slope angle of the final step after blasting is greater than the designed angle, which affects the pre-splitting blasting effect.
By arranging pre-crack hole points at equal intervals on the top line of the slope, using the angle between the drill frame and the designed final step slope to obtain the auxiliary line offset distance, adjusting the drill frame so that the tail end, pre-crack hole points and auxiliary points are on the same vertical plane, drilling blasting holes to ensure uniform hole spacing and consistent angles.
The hole marks after pre-splitting blasting are uniform, and the angle of the drilled blasting hole is consistent with the designed final step slope angle, which improves the effect and accuracy of pre-splitting blasting.
Smart Images
Figure CN120651075A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of open-pit mine blasting, and particularly relates to a method for ensuring compliance of pre-splitting blasting angles and uniform hole marks. Background Art
[0002] Finished slope controlled blasting is a blasting technology commonly used in engineering projects, especially in the fields of slope excavation, mining, and tunnel construction. This blasting technology ensures the stability and safety of the slope by precisely controlling the blasting construction process. Finished slope controlled blasting includes: pre-splitting blasting and smooth blasting, and is an important method to ensure the stability of the finished slope of open-pit mines (the present invention is carried out under the premise of pre-splitting blasting technology). Good pre-splitting blasting can not only ensure the stability of the finished slope of the open-pit mine, but also improve the aesthetics of the finished slope. When pre-splitting blasting is currently carried out in open-pit mines, the drill rig is installed at the pre-selected blasting position on the top line of the slope, and then the drill on the drill rig is used to drill the blasting hole. However, after pre-splitting blasting on the top line of the slope, uneven hole marks and the angle of the finished step slope after blasting are often greater than the designed angle, resulting in poor pre-splitting blasting effect. Summary of the Invention
[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a method for ensuring that the pre-splitting blasting angle is compliant and the hole marks are uniform, so as to solve the shortcomings of the prior art. The present invention can ensure that the final step slope angle after pre-splitting blasting is compliant and the hole marks are uniform, further improving the effect of pre-splitting blasting.
[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is: a method for ensuring compliance of pre-splitting blasting angle and uniform hole marks, comprising the following steps: Arrange multiple pre-splitting hole points A at equal intervals along the length direction of the slope top line, and collect position information of the pre-splitting hole points A; Import the position information of the pre-splitting point A into the drawing software and expand it, then use line segments to connect adjacent pre-splitting points A to form a pre-splitting point connection line; Using the length L2 of the drill frame and the designed final step slope angle α, the distance H3 between the auxiliary line and the connecting line of the pre-split hole point is obtained; Draw an auxiliary line parallel to the pre-splitting point connection line at a distance of H3, and the auxiliary line is located on the side of the pre-splitting point connection line close to the mine boundary. Mark auxiliary points C at equal intervals on the auxiliary line. The spacing between auxiliary points C is equal to the spacing between pre-splitting point A. Arrange auxiliary points C one by one on the side of the slope top line close to the mine boundary. Auxiliary points C correspond one to one with pre-splitting point A. The front end of the drill rig is aligned with one of the pre-splitting points A, and the drill rig is adjusted until the rear end point B of the drill rig, the pre-splitting point A, and the auxiliary point C where the drill rig is located are observed to be on the same vertical plane. The blasting hole is then drilled at the pre-splitting point A using the drill rig.
[0005] Preferably, the position information of the pre-splitting point A is collected by RTK.
[0006] Preferably, obtaining the auxiliary line offset distance H3 using the length L2 of the drill frame and the designed final step slope angle α includes: Import the drill frame length L2 and the designed final step slope angle α into the auxiliary line offset distance H3 formula: ; Among them, H3 is the offset distance of the auxiliary line, the unit is m, L2 is the length of the drill frame, the unit is m, and α is the final step slope angle, the unit is °.
[0007] Preferably, the line connecting the pre-splitting point A and its corresponding auxiliary point C is perpendicular to the pre-splitting point connecting line.
[0008] Preferably, arranging the auxiliary points C one by one on the side of the slope top line close to the mine boundary includes: Import the position information of the pre-splitting point A and the auxiliary point C in the mapping software into RTK; On the top of the slope, based on the position information of the auxiliary point C in RTK and its relative position relationship with the corresponding pre-splitting point A, the auxiliary point C is arranged on the side of the top of the slope close to the mine boundary.
[0009] Preferably, adjusting the drill frame includes: the front end of the drill frame is always aligned with the pre-splitting point A, and the position of the drill frame is adjusted by deflecting in all directions with the pre-splitting point A as the center.
[0010] Preferably, the vertical planes where the drill frame tail end point B at each pre-splitting point A, the pre-splitting point A and the auxiliary point C are located are parallel to each other.
[0011] Preferably, drilling the blasting hole at the pre-splitting point A using a drill rig includes: using a drill rig on the drill rig to rotate a drill rod to drill the blasting hole at the pre-splitting point A, with the advancing direction of the drill rod being parallel to the length direction of the drill rig.
[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a method for ensuring compliance of pre-splitting blasting angles and uniform hole marks, which comprises arranging pre-splitting hole points at equal intervals on the top line of the slope, connecting the pre-splitting hole points to form a pre-splitting hole point connecting line, using the drill frame and the designed final step slope angle α to obtain the auxiliary line offset distance, and then obtaining the auxiliary point corresponding to the pre-splitting hole point, observing and adjusting the drill frame at the auxiliary point until the tail end of the drill frame, the pre-splitting hole point and the auxiliary point are on the same vertical plane, and then using the drill frame to drill a blasting hole at the pre-splitting hole point, which not only ensures that the spacing of the blasting holes drilled on the top line of the slope is uniform, but also that the center lines of each blasting hole are parallel to each other, which ensures uniform hole marks after pre-splitting blasting, and the angle of the drilled blasting holes is consistent with the designed final step slope angle, which ensures that the final step slope angle after pre-splitting blasting is compliant, thereby improving the effect of pre-splitting blasting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0013] Figure 1 It is a simulation schematic diagram of the pre-splitting blasting method of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a simulation schematic diagram of the present invention at the pre-crack point. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0014] The present invention provides a method for ensuring compliance of pre-splitting blasting angle and uniform hole marks. Figures 1 to 2 The present invention is described with reference to a schematic diagram of FIG.
[0015] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the technical solutions of the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.
[0016] Finished slope controlled blasting is a blasting technology commonly used in engineering projects, especially in the fields of slope excavation, mining, and tunnel construction. This blasting technology ensures the stability and safety of the slope and reduces the impact on the surrounding environment by precisely controlling the blasting process. Finished slope controlled blasting includes: pre-splitting blasting and smooth blasting, among which pre-splitting blasting is an important method to ensure the stability of the finished slope of the open-pit mine. Good pre-splitting blasting can not only ensure the stability of the finished slope of the open-pit mine, but also improve the aesthetics of the finished slope. However, when pre-splitting blasting is currently carried out in open-pit mines, construction workers mostly arrange pre-splitting blasting holes along the top line of the slope based on their own experience, which often results in uneven hole marks and the angle of the finished step slope after blasting is greater than the design angle, resulting in poor pre-splitting blasting effect.
[0017] Based on the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for ensuring compliance of pre-splitting blasting angles and uniform hole marks. Pre-splitting hole points are arranged at equal intervals on the top line of the slope, and the pre-splitting hole points are connected to form a pre-splitting hole point connecting line. The auxiliary line offset distance is obtained by using the drill frame and the designed end step slope angle α, and then the auxiliary point corresponding to the pre-splitting hole point is obtained. The drill frame is observed and adjusted at the auxiliary point until the tail end of the drill frame, the pre-splitting hole point and the auxiliary point are on the same vertical plane. The drill frame is then used to drill a blasting hole at the pre-splitting hole point. This method not only ensures that the spacing of the blasting holes drilled on the top line of the slope is uniform, but also that the center lines of each blasting hole are parallel to each other, so that the hole marks after the pre-splitting blasting are uniform, and the angle of the drilled blasting hole is consistent with the designed end step slope angle, so that the angle of the end step slope angle after the pre-splitting blasting is guaranteed to be compliant, thereby improving the effect of the pre-splitting blasting. The open-pit mine pre-splitting blasting method of the present invention has good effect, high precision, strong practicality, and is worthy of promotion.
[0018] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 1 The figure is a simulation diagram of the pre-splitting blasting method of this embodiment. A method for ensuring compliance of the pre-splitting blasting angle and uniform hole marks includes the following steps: Arrange multiple pre-splitting hole points A at equal intervals along the length direction of the slope top line, and collect position information of the pre-splitting hole points A; Import the position information of the pre-splitting point A into the drawing software and expand it, then use line segments to connect adjacent pre-splitting points A to form a pre-splitting point connection line 1; Using the length L2 of the drill frame 2 and the designed final step slope angle α, the distance H3 between the auxiliary line and the pre-splitting point connection line 1 is obtained; Draw an auxiliary line 4 parallel to the pre-splitting point connection line 1H3, and the auxiliary line 4 is located on the side of the pre-splitting point connection line 1 close to the mine boundary. Mark auxiliary points C at equal intervals on the auxiliary line 4. The spacing between the auxiliary points C is equal to the spacing between the pre-splitting point A. Arrange the auxiliary points C one by one on the side of the slope top line close to the mine boundary, and the auxiliary points C correspond one to one with the pre-splitting point A. The front end of the drill rig 2 is aligned with one of the pre-splitting points A, and the drill rig 2 is adjusted until the rear end point B of the drill rig 2, the pre-splitting point A, and the auxiliary point C where the drill rig 2 is located are observed to be on the same vertical plane. The blasting hole is then drilled at the pre-splitting point A using the drill rig 2.
[0019] In this embodiment, the position information of the pre-splitting point A can be imported into CAD drawing software for expansion, and then adjacent pre-splitting points A can be connected using line segments to form a pre-splitting point connecting line 1. Observation is performed at the auxiliary point C corresponding to the pre-splitting point A until the tail end point B of the drill rig 2, the pre-splitting point A, and the auxiliary point C where the drill rig itself is located are observed to be on the same vertical plane.
[0020] As a further optimization solution, in this embodiment, the position information of the pre-splitting point A is collected by RTK.
[0021] In this embodiment, RTK may use South Pole RTK to collect the position information of the pre-splitting point A to improve the accuracy of the position information.
[0022] As a further optimization solution, in this embodiment, the auxiliary line offset distance H3 is obtained by using the length L2 of the drill frame 2 and the designed final step slope angle α, including: Import the length L2 of the drill frame 2 and the designed final step slope angle α into the auxiliary line offset distance H3 formula: ; Among them, H3 is the auxiliary line offset distance, the unit is m, L2 is the length of the drill frame 2, the unit is m, and α is the final step slope angle, the unit is °.
[0023] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the simulation at the pre-splitting point of this embodiment. The distance between the pre-splitting point A and the tail end point B of the drill rig 2 is the length L2 of the drill rig 2. The angle between the drill rig 2 and the horizontal plane is equal to the designed final step slope angle α. The projected length of the line AB on the horizontal plane is calculated according to the Pythagorean theorem: , draw an auxiliary line 4 at a distance H3 from the pre-splitting point connecting line 1, divide the line segment 4 into equal parts (equal division distance = the spacing between adjacent pre-splitting points A), and use the equal division points to mark auxiliary points C on the auxiliary line 4.
[0024] In this embodiment, the drill rig 2 is installed on the top line of the slope, and after the front end of the drill rig 2 is aligned with one of the pre-splitting points A, the construction personnel stand on the auxiliary point C corresponding to the pre-splitting point A to observe and adjust the drill rig 2 until it is observed that the tail end point B of the drill rig 2, the pre-splitting point A and the auxiliary point C where the drill rig 2 is located are on the same vertical plane (in fact, the connecting lines AB, AC and BC are on the same vertical plane). That is, the spacing of the blasting holes drilled on the top line of the slope is kept uniform, and the center lines of each blasting hole are parallel to each other, and the angle of the blasting holes is consistent with the designed final step slope angle. The drill rig 2 is then used to drill the blasting hole at the pre-splitting point A, thereby ensuring that the final step slope angle after the pre-splitting blasting is compliant and the hole marks after blasting are uniform, thereby improving the effect of the pre-splitting blasting.
[0025] As a further optimization solution, in this embodiment, the line connecting the pre-crack point A and its corresponding auxiliary point C is perpendicular to the pre-crack point connection line 1.
[0026] In this embodiment, the connection line between the pre-splitting point A and its corresponding auxiliary point C is perpendicular to the pre-splitting point connection line 1, which can further fix the position of the auxiliary point C and further improve the effect of pre-splitting blasting. Specifically, when drilling a blasting hole at the pre-crack point A on the slope top line, a measuring ruler can be used to connect the pre-crack point A and the auxiliary point C, and observe whether the AC line is perpendicular to the slope top line to verify the position of the auxiliary point C.
[0027] As a further optimization solution, in this embodiment, the auxiliary points C are arranged one by one on the side of the slope top line close to the mine boundary, including: Import the position information of the pre-splitting point A and the auxiliary point C in the mapping software into RTK; On the top of the slope, based on the position information of the auxiliary point C in RTK and its relative position relationship with the corresponding pre-splitting point A, the auxiliary point C is arranged on the side of the top of the slope close to the mine boundary.
[0028] In this embodiment, the graphics in the CAD drawing software are saved and transferred to the RTK handheld controller. After the transfer is completed, RTK is used on site to lay out each auxiliary point C one by one on the side of the slope top line close to the mine boundary.
[0029] In this embodiment, RTK and the position information of the pre-splitting point A and the auxiliary point C imported from the mapping software are used. The position information of the auxiliary point C and its relative position relationship with the corresponding pre-splitting point A are used to improve the accuracy of the placement of the auxiliary point C on the slope crest line.
[0030] As a further optimization solution, in this embodiment, the adjustment of the drill frame 2 includes: the front end of the drill frame 2 is always aligned with the pre-splitting point A, and the position of the drill frame 2 is adjusted by deflecting in all directions around the pre-splitting point A.
[0031] As a further optimization solution, in this embodiment, the vertical planes where the tail end point B of the drill frame 2, the pre-splitting point A and the auxiliary point C are located are parallel to each other.
[0032] In this embodiment, the vertical planes where the tail end point B of the drill frame 2, the pre-splitting point A and the auxiliary point C are located are parallel to each other, which can further improve the uniformity of the hole marks after pre-splitting blasting, thereby improving the effect of pre-splitting blasting.
[0033] As a further optimization solution, in this embodiment, using the drill rig 2 to drill the blasting hole at the pre-splitting point A includes: using the drill rig on the drill rig 2 to drive the drill rod to rotate to drill the blasting hole at the pre-splitting point A, and the forward direction of the drill rod is parallel to the length direction of the drill rig 2.
[0034] The above disclosure is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any changes that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for ensuring compliance of pre-splitting blasting angles and uniform hole marks, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Arrange multiple pre-splitting hole points A at equal intervals along the length direction of the slope top line, and collect position information of the pre-splitting hole points A; Import the position information of the pre-splitting hole point A into the drawing software and expand it, then use line segments to connect the adjacent pre-splitting hole points A to form a pre-splitting hole point connection line (1); Using the length L2 of the drill frame (2) and the designed final step slope angle α, the distance H3 between the auxiliary line and the pre-split hole point connection line (1) is obtained; Draw an auxiliary line (4) parallel to the pre-splitting point connection line (1) at a distance of H3, and the auxiliary line (4) is located on the side of the pre-splitting point connection line (1) close to the mine boundary, mark auxiliary points C at equal intervals on the auxiliary line (4), and the spacing between the auxiliary points C is equal to the spacing between the pre-splitting point A, and arrange the auxiliary points C one by one on the side of the slope top line close to the mine boundary, and the auxiliary points C correspond one to one with the pre-splitting point A; The front end of the drill frame (2) is aligned with one of the pre-splitting hole points A, and the drill frame (2) is adjusted until the rear end point B of the drill frame (2), the pre-splitting hole point A, and the auxiliary point C where the drill frame (2) is located are observed to be on the same vertical plane, and then the drill frame (2) is used to drill a blasting hole at the pre-splitting hole point A.
2. A method for ensuring compliance of pre-splitting blasting angles and uniform hole marks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The position information of the pre-splitting point A is collected by RTK.
3. The method for ensuring compliance of pre-splitting blasting angle and uniform hole marks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of obtaining the auxiliary line offset distance H3 by using the length L2 of the drill frame (2) and the designed final step slope angle α includes: Import the length L2 of the drill frame (2) and the designed final step slope angle α into the auxiliary line offset distance H3 formula: ; Wherein, H3 is the offset distance of the auxiliary line, in m, L2 is the length of the drilling frame (2), in m, and α is the slope angle of the final step, in degrees.
4. The method for ensuring compliance of pre-splitting blasting angle and uniform hole marks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The line connecting the pre-splitting point A and its corresponding auxiliary point C is perpendicular to the pre-splitting point connecting line (1).
5. The method for ensuring compliance of pre-splitting blasting angle and uniform hole marks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of arranging the auxiliary points C one by one on the side of the slope top line close to the mine boundary includes: Import the position information of the pre-splitting point A and the auxiliary point C in the mapping software into RTK; On the top of the slope, based on the position information of the auxiliary point C in RTK and its relative position relationship with the corresponding pre-splitting point A, the auxiliary point C is arranged on the side of the top of the slope close to the mine boundary.
6. The method for ensuring compliance of pre-splitting blasting angle and uniform hole marks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment of the drill frame (2) includes: the front end of the drill frame (2) is always aligned with the pre-splitting point A, and the position of the drill frame (2) is adjusted by deflecting in all directions with the pre-splitting point A as the center.
7. The method for ensuring compliance of pre-splitting blasting angle and uniform hole marks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical planes where the tail end point B of the drill frame (2) at each pre-splitting point A, the pre-splitting point A and the auxiliary point C are located are parallel to each other.
8. The method for ensuring compliance of pre-splitting blasting angle and uniform hole marks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of drilling a blasting hole at the pre-splitting point A using the drill frame (2) comprises: using a drill rig on the drill frame (2) to drive a drill rod to rotate to drill the blasting hole at the pre-splitting point A, wherein the forward direction of the drill rod is parallel to the length direction of the drill frame (2).