Vibration energy collector based on electromagnetic induction and friction nanometer hybrid power generation

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic induction and friction nanometer power generation, and particularly relates to a vibration energy collector based on electromagnetic induction and friction nanometer hybrid power generation. Comprising a friction nanometer power generation unit and an electromagnetic induction unit. The friction nanometer power generation unit comprises an upper insulating support plate, a lower insulating support plate and a friction pair; the friction pair comprises an upper friction assembly and a lower friction assembly, and the upper friction assembly and the lower friction assembly trigger the contact and separation process through external vibration to achieve friction electricity generation. The electromagnetic induction unit comprises a coil, a magnet and a steel body which are sequentially nested, the coil and the magnet are fixedly connected with the upper friction assembly and the lower friction assembly respectively, the steel body is fixedly connected with the lower insulation supporting plate, the magnet and the steel body form a closed magnetic circuit, and the magnet and the coil trigger relative movement through external vibration to achieve electromagnetic power generation. The device is novel in structure and distinct in gradation, integrates a triboelectrification effect and an electromagnetic induction principle, has high-voltage output and high-current characteristics, and can efficiently realize continuous conversion from environment vibration energy to electric energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic induction and friction nano-power generation, and in particular relates to a vibration energy collector based on electromagnetic induction and friction nano-hybrid power generation. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, researchers have attempted to integrate triboelectric and electromagnetic induction power generation mechanisms to fully leverage their complementary nature. Hybrid nanogenerators (HNGs) combine the high-voltage output characteristics of TENGs with the high-current output characteristics of EMGs, effectively improving their broadband response, electrical compatibility, and energy conversion efficiency. For example, under the same vibration excitation source, the friction layer generates an electrostatic signal, while the magnetic coil structure simultaneously outputs an induced current, achieving dual-path parallel power generation, thereby expanding the system's overall output power range.

[0003] However, most of the existing hybrid power generation devices adopt a mechanical stacking or separation module design, which has problems such as large size, complex structure, and low coupling, which is not conducive to high integration and practical deployment. Especially when facing random, high-dimensional mechanical vibration scenarios, the energy converter in a single direction does not respond sufficiently, the working efficiency of each functional unit of the integrated device is often limited, and the system coupling performance and response capabilities need to be improved. Especially in application scenarios such as confined spaces such as ship equipment and bridge structures, the large size and complex structure of existing hybrid power generation devices have seriously limited the flexibility and universality of practical applications, and a compact and efficient collaborative design solution is urgently needed. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a hybrid power generation structure with a compact structure, sensitive vibration response, and efficient synergy between friction and electromagnetic effects to achieve wider frequency adaptability and higher energy conversion efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a vibration energy harvester based on electromagnetic induction and friction nano-hybrid power generation to solve the problems of low energy density, narrow response range and difficulty in simultaneously meeting low-frequency and high-sensitivity energy capture of existing vibration energy harvesters.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a vibration energy harvester based on electromagnetic induction and tribo-nano hybrid power generation, comprising a stacked integrated tribo-nano power generation unit and an electromagnetic induction unit; The triboelectric nano-power generation unit includes an upper insulating support plate, a lower insulating support plate, and a friction pair disposed between the upper and lower insulating support plates; the friction pair includes an upper friction component and a lower friction component, which are induced to contact and separate through external vibration to achieve triboelectric power generation; The electromagnetic induction unit includes a coil, a magnet and a steel body nested in sequence from the inside to the outside, wherein the coil is fixedly connected to the upper friction assembly, the magnet is fixedly connected to the lower friction assembly, and the steel body is fixedly connected to the lower insulating support plate. The magnet and the steel body form a closed magnetic circuit, and the magnet and the coil induce relative motion through external vibration to achieve electromagnetic power generation.

[0006] In one possible implementation, the upper friction assembly includes a conductive fabric adhesive layer and an FEP film layer, wherein the conductive fabric adhesive layer is used to adhere and fix the FEP film layer to the lower surface of the upper insulating support plate, and the conductive fabric adhesive layer has conductivity and flexibility; the FEP film layer has electronegativity.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the lower friction assembly includes a conductive fabric layer and an elastic recovery layer, wherein the elastic recovery layer is arranged on the upper surface of the lower insulating support plate, and the conductive fabric layer is arranged above the elastic recovery layer. The conductive fabric layer is used to form a friction pair with the FEP film layer, and the elastic recovery layer is used to provide elastic recovery force to maintain periodic contact between the FEP film layer and the conductive fabric layer.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the elastic recovery layer is a sponge layer with a thickness of 1 mm to 5 mm.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the conductive fabric layer and the conductive fabric adhesive layer are both carbon fiber fabric or silver fiber fabric.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the FEP film layer is a perfluoroethylene-propylene copolymer film, which is electronegative and flexible.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the coil passes through the through holes on the lower insulating support plate and the lower friction assembly in sequence and is then fixedly connected to the FEP film layer; The magnet is a NdFeB cylindrical permanent magnet; the steel body is a cylindrical structure with a shock-absorbing pad layer at the bottom.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the upper insulating support plate and the lower insulating support plate are both polylactic acid insulating plates formed by 3D printing, and the lower insulating support plate is a hollow structure with uniform holes, and the hollow structure enhances vibration response.

[0013] In one possible implementation, a buffer layer is provided on the upper surface of the upper insulating support plate, and the buffer layer is used to buffer vibration and provide elastic potential energy.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the friction nano-power generation unit realizes high voltage output, the electromagnetic induction unit realizes high current output, and the output ends of the friction nano-power generation unit and the electromagnetic induction unit are connected in parallel through a rectifier circuit module.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: Integrated power generation unit: The present invention adopts a stacked structure, fully utilizing the horizontal and vertical space, reducing the structural volume (reducing space occupation) and improving system integration.

[0016] Dual power generation mechanism: The electromagnetic induction unit and the friction nano-power generation unit are tightly combined to enhance the system's responsiveness under low-frequency vibration and improve energy capture efficiency.

[0017] Innovative material selection: The present invention introduces flexible materials such as a sponge elastic recovery layer and a silicone buffer layer to increase the mechanical energy absorption capacity of the device, ensuring that the system always maintains a stable energy capture capability under different frequencies and amplitudes, thereby improving the overall stability and life of the system.

[0018] In summary, the present invention proposes a novel vibration energy harvester based on electromagnetic and friction nano-hybrid power generation, which is particularly suitable for structural health monitoring, marine environment energy recovery, micro self-powered systems and other fields.

[0019] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the description, or will be understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures particularly pointed out in the written description and the accompanying drawings.

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a vibration energy harvester based on electromagnetic induction and friction nano-hybrid power generation according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the vibration state of a vibration energy harvester based on electromagnetic induction and friction nano-hybrid power generation according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is an exploded view of a vibration energy harvester based on electromagnetic induction and friction nano-hybrid power generation according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of a vibration energy harvester based on electromagnetic induction and friction nano-hybrid power generation according to the present invention; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Exploded diagram.

[0022] In the figure: 1. Buffer layer; 2. Upper insulating support plate; 3. Conductive fabric adhesive layer; 4. FEP film layer; 5. Conductive fabric layer; 6. Elastic recovery layer; 7. Lower insulating support plate; 8. Coil; 9. Magnet; 10. Steel body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediary; or internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0024] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0025] See also Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the present invention provides a vibration energy harvester based on electromagnetic induction and friction nano hybrid power generation, including a stacked integrated friction nano power generation unit and an electromagnetic induction unit; wherein, the friction nano power generation unit includes an upper insulating support plate 2, a lower insulating support plate 7 and a friction pair arranged between the upper insulating support plate 2 and the lower insulating support plate 7; the friction pair includes an upper friction component and a lower friction component, and the upper friction component and the lower friction component induce contact and separation processes through external vibration to achieve friction electric power generation; the electromagnetic induction unit includes a coil 8, a magnet 9 and a steel body 10 nested in sequence from the inside to the outside, wherein the coil 8 is fixedly connected to the upper friction component, the magnet 9 is fixedly connected to the lower friction component, the steel body 10 is fixedly connected to the lower insulating support plate 7, the magnet 9 and the steel body 10 form a closed magnetic circuit, and the magnet 9 and the coil 8 induce relative motion through external vibration to achieve electromagnetic power generation.

[0026] See also Figures 1 to 5 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the upper friction component includes a conductive fabric adhesive layer 3 and an FEP film layer 4, wherein the conductive fabric adhesive layer 3 is used to adhere and fix the FEP film layer 4 to the lower surface of the upper insulating support plate 2, and the conductive fabric adhesive layer 3 has conductivity and flexibility, providing a certain degree of flexibility and conductive path; the FEP film layer 4 has electronegativity, and the FEP film layer 4 generates electrostatic induction by friction with the lower friction component.

[0027] In this embodiment of the present invention, the lower friction assembly includes a conductive fabric layer 5 and an elastic recovery layer 6. The elastic recovery layer 6 is disposed on the upper surface of the lower insulating support plate 7, and the conductive fabric layer 5 is disposed above the elastic recovery layer 6. The conductive fabric layer 5 forms a friction pair with the FEP film layer 4, participating in charge exchange. The elastic recovery layer 6 is used to provide elastic restoring force to maintain periodic contact between the FEP film layer 4 and the conductive fabric layer 5.

[0028] See also Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment of the present invention, coil 8 is wound around a support column in the middle of a steel body 10. When magnet 9 vibrates, it cuts magnetic lines of force, generating an induced voltage. The conductive fabric layer 5, elastic recovery layer 6, and lower insulating support plate 7 all have through-holes for coil 8 to pass through. The upper end of coil 8 passes through the through-holes in the lower insulating support plate 7, elastic recovery layer 6, and conductive fabric layer 5, respectively, before being bonded to the FEP film layer 4.

[0029] Preferably, the elastic recovery layer 6 is a sponge layer made of porous polyurethane material, with an open porosity of 50%-70% and a pore size of 0.2-0.5 mm. This allows for precise control of the vibration response frequency and elastic recovery properties, further improving the voltage output stability and overall power generation performance of the triboelectric nano-electrical power generation unit. The sponge layer has a thickness of 1-5 mm. The sponge layer provides vertical elastic recovery force, enabling repeated contact and separation between the FEP film layer 4 and the conductive fabric layer 5.

[0030] Preferably, the conductive fabric layer 5 and the conductive fabric adhesive layer 3 are both carbon fiber cloth or silver fiber fabric. The FEP film layer 4 is a perfluoroethylene-propylene copolymer film, which is electronegative and flexible.

[0031] Preferably, magnet 9 is a cylindrical neodymium iron boron permanent magnet. It moves vertically in sync with external vibrations, providing magnetic flux changes for electromagnetic power generation. Steel body 10 is cylindrical in shape, with a shock-absorbing pad at the bottom. Steel body 10 serves as the base of the device, enhancing magnetic flux density and providing overall stability.

[0032] Specifically, both the upper insulating support plate 2 and the lower insulating support plate 7 are 3D-printed polylactic acid insulating plates. The upper insulating support plate 2 is used to fix the structure of the tribo-nanoelectric power generation unit and transmit the vibrations of the upper layer. The lower insulating support plate 7 is a hollow structure with uniformly distributed holes in a circular or honeycomb pattern. The lower insulating support plate 7 serves as a fixed base for the electromagnetic structure and is equipped with multiple holes to enhance vibration coupling.

[0033] Furthermore, a buffer layer 1 is provided on the upper surface of the upper insulating support plate 2. This layer is used to dampen vibrations and provide elastic potential energy. Preferably, the buffer layer 1 is made of silicone. This outermost layer offers excellent flexibility and environmental resistance, mitigating external vibrations and impacts, thereby extending the life of the device.

[0034] In this embodiment, the principles of triboelectric nanopower generation and electromagnetic induction power generation are integrated into a single platform, achieving a dual energy capture mechanism through vibration excitation. When vibration occurs, contact and separation occur between the upper FEP film layer 4 and the conductive fabric layer 5, resulting in periodic charge transfer and high-voltage output from the triboelectric nanopower generation unit. Simultaneously, relative motion occurs between the bottom magnet 9 and coil 8, generating an induced current and achieving high-current output from the electromagnetic induction unit. The outputs of the triboelectric nanopower generation unit and the electromagnetic induction unit are connected in parallel via a rectifier circuit module.

[0035] Specifically, the unit structures are assembled using bonding, slotting, or screws to ensure overall stability under vibration. The materials for each layer can be optimized based on the specific application environment. For example, the FEP film can be replaced with a PTFE film, and the conductive fabric layer 5 can be made of flexible conductive materials such as carbon fiber and silver fiber.

[0036] The present invention provides a vibration energy harvester based on electromagnetic induction and friction nano hybrid power generation, the working principle of which is: During use, when the external device generates periodic vibrations, the device moves up and down accordingly. The FEP film layer 4 and the conductive fabric layer 5 continually come into contact and separate, creating a triboelectric process that generates an alternating potential between the conductive layers. Simultaneously, magnet 9 moves vertically during vibration, generating a change in magnetic flux relative to coil 8 and inducing a voltage across coil 8.

[0037] This invention leverages the complementary properties of triboelectric nanopower generation and electromagnetic induction power generation. The triboelectric power generation unit, based on the principles of frictional electrification and electrostatic induction during the contact-separation process between materials, can sensitively generate high-amplitude voltage signals under vibration excitation at extremely low frequencies and small displacements, making it suitable for detecting weak vibrations or serving as a trigger signal source. The electromagnetic power generation unit, on the other hand, generates an induced current by cutting magnetic flux lines during vibration through the relative motion between a magnet and a coil. This output is particularly suitable for outputting a stable current to drive low-power electronic modules. The synergistic operation of these two mechanisms enables the device to maintain high sensitivity to small, slow mechanical disturbances in complex vibration environments while also providing high energy output under stronger vibration conditions. This achieves a balance between stability and efficiency from signal sensing to energy conversion, enhancing the overall system's adaptability and practical value under variable operating conditions. Under typical vibration conditions (in the 2-20 Hz frequency range), the triboelectric nanopower generation unit can achieve peak voltages of tens to hundreds of volts, while the electromagnetic induction unit can achieve peak currents of tens to hundreds of milliamperes. Through post-processing of rectification and energy storage circuit, it can stably drive low-power wireless sensor nodes, micro energy storage circuits and other related electronic devices.

[0038] The high-voltage signal generated by the triboelectric nanogenerator can be used for charge accumulation and detection, while the high-current output from the electromagnetic induction unit can be used for power supply or energy storage. By combining parallel outputs or multiple rectifier circuits, this device can effectively integrate and utilize multimodal energy.

[0039] The present invention integrates friction nano-power generation and electromagnetic induction power generation to construct a stacked hybrid energy collection structure, taking into account the high voltage and high current output characteristics. It has the advantages of wide frequency band response, compact structure, and high energy conversion efficiency. It is suitable for energy capture and driving of subsequent electronic systems in various vibration environments, especially for low-frequency vibration environments with a frequency range of 2~20Hz, and is particularly suitable for the efficient capture and conversion of weak mechanical vibration energy in scenarios such as ship engines, bridge structures, and pipeline equipment.

[0040] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to include such changes and modifications.

Claims

1. A vibration energy harvester based on electromagnetic induction and friction nano hybrid power generation, characterized in that: It includes a stacked integrated friction nano-power generation unit and an electromagnetic induction unit; The friction nanometer power generation unit comprises an upper insulating support plate (2), a lower insulating support plate (7), and a friction pair arranged between the upper insulating support plate (2) and the lower insulating support plate (7); the friction pair comprises an upper friction component and a lower friction component, and the upper friction component and the lower friction component induce a contact and separation process through external vibration to achieve frictional electric power generation; The electromagnetic induction unit comprises a coil (8), a magnet (9) and a steel body (10) which are nested in sequence from the inside to the outside, wherein the coil (8) is fixedly connected to the upper friction assembly, the magnet (9) is fixedly connected to the lower friction assembly, and the steel body (10) is fixedly connected to the lower insulating support plate (7). The magnet (9) and the steel body (10) form a closed magnetic circuit, and the magnet (9) and the coil (8) induce relative motion through external vibration to realize electromagnetic power generation.

2. The vibration energy harvester based on electromagnetic induction and friction nano hybrid power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The upper friction assembly comprises a conductive fabric adhesive layer (3) and an FEP film layer (4), wherein the conductive fabric adhesive layer (3) is used to adhere and fix the FEP film layer (4) to the lower surface of the upper insulating support plate (2), and the conductive fabric adhesive layer (3) has conductivity and flexibility; the FEP film layer (4) has electronegativity.

3. The vibration energy harvester based on electromagnetic induction and friction nano hybrid power generation according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The lower friction assembly comprises a conductive fabric layer (5) and an elastic recovery layer (6), wherein the elastic recovery layer (6) is arranged on the upper surface of the lower insulating support plate (7), and the conductive fabric layer (5) is arranged above the elastic recovery layer (6). The conductive fabric layer (5) is used to form a friction pair with the FEP film layer (4), and the elastic recovery layer (6) is used to provide elastic recovery force to maintain periodic contact between the FEP film layer (4) and the conductive fabric layer (5).

4. The vibration energy harvester based on electromagnetic induction and friction nano hybrid power generation according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The elastic recovery layer (6) is a sponge layer with a thickness of 1 mm to 5 mm.

5. The vibration energy harvester based on electromagnetic induction and friction nano hybrid power generation according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The conductive fabric layer (5) and the conductive fabric adhesive layer (3) are both carbon fiber cloth or silver fiber fabric.

6. The vibration energy harvester based on electromagnetic induction and friction nano hybrid power generation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The FEP film layer (4) is a perfluoroethylene-propylene copolymer film, which has electronegativity and flexibility.

7. The vibration energy harvester based on electromagnetic induction and friction nano hybrid power generation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The coil (8) sequentially passes through the through holes on the lower insulating support plate (7) and the lower friction assembly and is then fixedly connected to the FEP film layer (4); The magnet (9) is a neodymium iron boron cylindrical permanent magnet; the steel body (10) is a cylindrical structure, and a shock-absorbing cushion layer is provided at the bottom.

8. The vibration energy harvester based on electromagnetic induction and friction nano hybrid power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The upper insulating support plate (2) and the lower insulating support plate (7) are both polylactic acid insulating plates formed by 3D printing, and the lower insulating support plate (7) is a hollow structure with uniform holes, and the hollow structure enhances vibration response.

9. The vibration energy harvester based on electromagnetic induction and friction nano hybrid power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A buffer layer (1) is provided on the upper surface of the upper insulating support plate (2), and the buffer layer (1) is used to buffer vibration and provide elastic potential energy.

10. The vibration energy harvester based on electromagnetic induction and friction nano hybrid power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction nanometer power generation unit realizes high voltage output, the electromagnetic induction unit realizes high current output, and the output ends of the friction nanometer power generation unit and the electromagnetic induction unit are connected in parallel through a rectifier circuit module.

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