Ridging cultivation method for Chinese chives

Abstract

The invention discloses a leek ridging cultivation method which comprises the following steps: ridging and seedling planting are carried out by using an integrated seedling planting machine, a plurality of ridge surfaces which are connected into a whole and have a first width are formed when the integrated seedling planting machine is used for ridging, the widths of the furrows between the two adjacent ridge surfaces are alternately arranged between the second width and the third width; when the integrated seedling planting machine is used for planting seedlings, multiple rows of Chinese chives are planted on each ridge surface according to preset spacing, and the Chinese chives in each row are arranged according to preset spacing; laying a buried water pipe in the middle line of the furrow with the third width; a cultivator is used to move along the furrows and work on the ridge surfaces. Therefore, the system has the advantages of being high in integration level, high in working efficiency, good in adaptability, beneficial to large-scale planting and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, in particular to a leek ridge cultivation method. Background Art

[0002] Chives, a widely cultivated vegetable, have seen continuous development in ridge cultivation techniques over the years. Traditionally, ridge formation and seedling planting rely heavily on manual labor, which not only consumes significant labor but also limits efficiency due to limited skill and physical strength, making it difficult to meet the demands of large-scale cultivation.

[0003] With the advancement of agricultural mechanization, leek cultivation has gradually been mechanically integrated, with specialized equipment being used for ridging, seedling planting, and tillage. Currently, some areas have mechanized ridging and seedling planting, and tillage management is also assisted by machinery, which has reduced labor intensity and improved planting efficiency.

[0004] However, in the existing technology, the coordination of mechanical operations in the ridge-forming, seedling-planting and other links needs to be improved, the coordination of equipment in each link and its adaptability to the cultivation mode still have room for optimization, and there is room for improvement in achieving efficient connection throughout the planting process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve the technical problems in the above-mentioned technologies at least to some extent.

[0006] To this end, the present invention discloses a leek ridge cultivation method, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Use an integrated seedling planter for ridge formation and seedling planting,

[0008] When the integrated seedling transplanter is used for ridge formation, a plurality of connected ridge surfaces of the first width are formed, and the width of the ridge furrow between two adjacent ridge surfaces is alternately set between the second width and the third width;

[0009] When planting seedlings, the integrated seedling planter plants multiple rows of leeks on each ridge surface according to a preset spacing, and the leeks in each row are arranged according to a preset spacing;

[0010] Laying an underground water pipe on the center line of the ditch of the third width;

[0011] A cultivator is used to move along the furrow and work the ridge surface.

[0012] The leek ridge cultivation method disclosed in the present invention has at least the following advantages:

[0013] (1) High integration: The integrated seedling planter enables simultaneous ridge formation and seedling planting, integrating the two processes that may have been separated into a continuous operation, reducing the time loss during process conversion, improving the continuity and integrity of the planting process, and making agricultural machinery operations and cultivation links more closely integrated.

[0014] (2) High work efficiency: The application of the integrated seedling transplanter reduces the manual intervention link. Compared with traditional manual and step-by-step mechanical operations, it can complete the ridge-forming and seedling-planting operations in a shorter time. The cultivator moves along the ridge furrow to operate on the ridge surface, which is compatible with the preset ridge furrow width setting and can efficiently complete the cultivation management. It shortens the operation time of planting and post-management as a whole and increases the workload per unit time.

[0015] (3) Good adaptability: The alternating width furrows set when the integrated seedling transplanter is used to form ridges, and the design of the cultivator moving along the furrows, make the mechanical operation match the layout of the ridge surface and furrows, ensuring the accuracy of operations such as transplanting and cultivating, avoiding unnecessary impacts of mechanical operations on leek plants, and ensuring the quality of planting.

[0016] (4) Favorable for large-scale planting: Mechanized integrated operations reduce dependence on large amounts of manpower, making the planting process easier to standardize and control. It is suitable for large-scale leek planting scenarios and provides favorable conditions for stabilizing yield and quality.

[0017] In addition, the leek ridge cultivation method disclosed in the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0018] Furthermore, the width of the ridge surface is 240 cm, and the width of the furrow between two adjacent ridge surfaces is alternately set between 30 cm and 60 cm.

[0019] Furthermore, 7 rows of leeks are planted on each ridge surface at a spacing of 30 cm, and the leeks in each row are arranged at a spacing of 25 cm.

[0020] Furthermore, the track widths of the integrated seedling transplanter and the cultivator are both 23 cm.

[0021] Furthermore, the leek is a seedling with a height of 10 to 15 cm.

[0022] Furthermore, the thickness of the soil covering the leek after planting is 2 to 3 centimeters.

[0023] Additional contents and advantages of the present invention will be given in the following description or can be understood through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the following contents in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the planting method of leek ridge cultivation according to the present invention;

[0026] As shown in the figure:

[0027] 10-ridge surface;

[0028] 20- ridges and furrows;

[0029] 30-Buried water pipes. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0031] The leek ridge cultivation method disclosed in the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings;

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the leek ridge cultivation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0033] Use an integrated seedling planter for ridge formation and seedling planting,

[0034] When the integrated seedling planter is forming ridges, a plurality of connected ridge surfaces 10 with a width of 240 cm are formed, and the width of the ridge furrows 20 between two adjacent ridge surfaces 10 is alternately set between 30 cm and 60 cm;

[0035] When planting seedlings, the integrated seedling planter plants 7 rows of leeks on each ridge surface 10 at a spacing of 30 cm, and the leeks in each row are arranged at a spacing of 25 cm.

[0036] Lay an underground water pipe 30 in the center line of a 60 cm wide ditch 20;

[0037] It should be noted that, in the actual reclamation process, relevant staff can appropriately adjust the width of the ridge surface 10 according to actual conditions. For example, the width of the ridge surface 10 can be adjusted to 230-250 cm, and the width of the ridge 20 can be set alternately between 25-35 cm and 55-65 cm. 6-8 rows of leeks are planted on each ridge surface 10 at a spacing of 25-35 cm, and the leeks in each row are arranged at a spacing of 20-30 cm.

[0038] The cultivator is used to move along the furrow 20 and work on the ridge surface 10 .

[0039] Specifically:

[0040] Before ridge formation and seedling planting, the planting plot needs to be pre-treated. Remove weeds, stones and other debris from the plot to avoid affecting the accuracy of mechanical operations. Use a deep tiller to deep plow the soil to a depth of 25-30 cm, breaking up the plow bottom layer to enhance soil permeability. After deep plowing, use a rotary tiller to break up the soil so that the particle size does not exceed 5 cm, ensuring that the ridge surface is loose after formation, which is conducive to the growth of the leek root system. According to the soil fertility, evenly spread decomposed organic fertilizer and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, and use a rotary tiller to fully mix the fertilizer with the soil to provide basic nutrients for the growth of leek.

[0041] The specifications of the ridge surface 10 need to be adjusted through the ridge width adjustment device on the machine, setting the ridge surface 10 width to 240 cm; the ridge height is set to 15~20 cm to ensure that the ridge surface 10 has good drainage and avoid water accumulation in the rainy season.

[0042] The alternating widths of the furrows 20 are programmed using the machine's furrow-forming components, so that the widths of the furrows 20 between adjacent ridges 10 alternate according to a pattern of "30 cm - 60 cm - 30 cm - 60 cm." The 30 cm wide furrows 20 are primarily used for cultivators and close-range operations, while the 60 cm wide furrows 20, in addition to allowing for machine access, also reserve space for laying buried water pipes 30.

[0043] During the ridging process, the machine moves at a constant speed of 3 to 4 kilometers per hour, pushing the soil to both sides through the spiral ridger to form a ridge surface 10. At the same time, the surface soil of the ridge surface 10 is lightly pressed by the pressing wheel to make the ridge surface 10 flat and compact to avoid collapse in the later stage. The bottom of the ridge ditch 20 needs to be kept horizontal, and the slope angles on both sides are controlled at 45° to 60° to facilitate rainwater drainage and machine movement.

[0044] Select and treat leek seedlings that are 10-15 cm tall, with intact root systems, free of pests and diseases, and undamaged leaves. Soak the roots of the seedlings in a 500-fold dilution of 50% carbendazim for 10 minutes one day before planting, then remove and air-dry them for later use to reduce the incidence of disease.

[0045] The seedling planting parameter setting requires that on each ridge surface 10, the seedling planting mechanism opens a planting furrow according to a preset program, the furrow depth is 3 to 4 cm, a total of 7 planting furrows are opened, and the spacing between adjacent planting furrows is 30 cm, forming parallel planting belts.

[0046] Plant spacing and planting are controlled using the machine's onboard plant spacing adjuster, setting the spacing between each row of leeks to 25 cm. The seedling planting mechanism uses a pneumatic gripper to vertically place the seedlings into the planting trench, ensuring their roots are fully extended. After planting, the machine's built-in soil covering device immediately covers the trench with fine soil. The thickness of the covering is strictly controlled to 2-3 cm, ensuring that the bulbs of the seedlings are completely buried and the bases of the leaves are flush with the soil surface. The soil is then gently pressed down by a pressure wheel to ensure close contact between the roots and the soil, increasing the survival rate.

[0047] The water pipe should be a 20 mm diameter PE porous irrigation pipe with 2 mm diameter holes evenly distributed on the pipe wall and a hole spacing of 50 cm to ensure that water can evenly penetrate the root area of ​​10 on both sides of the ridge surface.

[0048] The laying position and depth should be along the centerline of a 60cm-wide ridge 20. Use a small trencher to dig a trench 10-15cm deep. Avoid trenches that are too deep (allowing insufficient water penetration) or too shallow (causing damage from a cultivator). Place the buried water pipe 30 in the center of the trench, ensuring that the pipe axis aligns with the centerline of the ridge 20. Then, backfill with fine soil and compact it to the level of the bottom of the ridge 20, ensuring that the pipe is completely buried in the soil without affecting the ridge's accessibility.

[0049] After laying, water testing and debugging need to connect the water source for low-pressure water testing to check whether the water outflow from the seepage holes is uniform and whether the pipe joints are leaking, to ensure that the water output per meter of water pipe is controlled at 1~2 liters per hour to meet the water needs of leek growth.

[0050] To adjust the machine's adaptability, use a cultivator with a 23 cm track width (less than the 30 cm wide furrow 20). Ensure the track is completely within the furrow 20 to avoid rolling over the ridge surface 10 and damaging the chive plants. The cultivator's tillage component is a rotary hoe with tine length set to 8-10 cm.

[0051] The tillage depth and range require a uniform movement along the furrow 20, cultivating the edges of the ridge surface 10 and the bottom of the furrow 20. A tillage depth of 5 to 8 cm is required to remove weeds and loosen the topsoil without damaging the deep roots of the leeks. For a 60 cm wide furrow 20, the cultivator should avoid the area where the buried water pipe 30 is located and cultivate only the soil on both sides of the pipe.

[0052] The frequency of operation needs to be based on the growth of weeds and the degree of soil compaction. Intertillage operations should be carried out every 15 to 20 days until 10 days before the leek harvest period. Intertillage operations can promote soil aeration, enhance the root absorption capacity, and reduce the breeding of diseases and pests.

[0053] Irrigation management requires drip irrigation through buried water pipes 30 to maintain soil moisture content at 60%~70%. Reduce irrigation volume 7 days before harvest to improve the quality of leeks.

[0054] Topdressing management requires that when the leek seedlings are 30 cm tall, urea should be spread through the ridges 20, and then the fertilizer should be mixed into the soil in combination with intertillage; 3 days after harvesting, apply decomposed manure to promote the growth of new leaves.

[0055] Chives are seedlings 10 to 15 cm tall.

[0056] After planting, the thickness of soil covering the chives should be 2 to 3 cm.

[0057] In summary, the leek ridge cultivation method disclosed in the present invention has at least the following advantages:

[0058] (1) High integration: The integrated seedling planter enables simultaneous ridge formation and seedling planting, integrating the two processes that may have been separated into a continuous operation, reducing the time loss during process conversion, improving the continuity and integrity of the planting process, and making agricultural machinery operations and cultivation links more closely integrated.

[0059] (2) High work efficiency: The application of the integrated seedling transplanter reduces the manual intervention link. Compared with traditional manual and step-by-step mechanical operations, it can complete the ridge-forming and seedling-planting operations in a shorter time; the cultivator moves along the ridge ditch 20 to operate on the ridge surface 10, which is compatible with the preset ridge ditch 20 width setting, and can efficiently complete the cultivation management, shortening the operation time of planting and post-management as a whole, and increasing the amount of work per unit time.

[0060] (3) Good adaptability: The alternating width furrows 20 set when the integrated seedling transplanter is used for ridge formation, and the design of the cultivator moving along the furrows 20, make the mechanical operation match the layout of the ridge surface 10 and furrow 20, ensuring the accuracy of operations such as transplanting and cultivating, avoiding unnecessary impact of mechanical operations on leek plants, and ensuring the planting quality.

[0061] (4) Favorable for large-scale planting: Mechanized integrated operations reduce dependence on large amounts of manpower, making the planting process easier to standardize and control. It is suitable for large-scale leek planting scenarios and provides favorable conditions for stabilizing yield and quality.

[0062] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A leek ridge cultivation method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Use an integrated seedling planter for ridge formation and seedling planting, When the integrated seedling transplanter is used for ridge formation, a plurality of connected ridge surfaces of the first width are formed, and the width of the ridge furrow between two adjacent ridge surfaces is alternately set between the second width and the third width; When planting seedlings, the integrated seedling planter plants multiple rows of leeks on each ridge surface according to a preset spacing, and the leeks in each row are arranged according to a preset spacing; Laying an underground water pipe on the center line of the ditch of the third width; A cultivator is used to move along the furrow and work the ridge surface.

2. The leek ridge cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein The width of the ridge surface is 240 cm, and the width of the furrow between two adjacent ridge surfaces is alternately set between 30 cm and 60 cm.

3. The leek ridge cultivation method as claimed in claim 2, wherein Seven rows of leeks are planted on each ridge surface at a spacing of 30 cm, and the leeks in each row are arranged at a spacing of 25 cm.

4. The leek ridge cultivation method as claimed in claim 3, wherein The crawler widths of the integrated seedling planter and the cultivator are both 23 cm.

5. The leek ridge cultivation method according to claim 4, wherein The leek is a seedling with a height of 10 to 15 cm.

6. The leek ridge cultivation method according to claim 4, wherein: The thickness of the soil covering the leek after planting is 2 to 3 centimeters.

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