Lateral prone position fixing and vibrating sputum excretion integrated device and control method

Abstract

The invention relates to a lateral prone position fixing and vibration sputum excretion integrated device which is arranged on a nursing bed and comprises an auxiliary sputum excretion device and a lateral prone position supporting device, and the auxiliary sputum excretion device comprises a flexible pad and a vibration device; the two lateral prone position supporting devices are arranged on the left side and the right side of the auxiliary sputum excretion device respectively. The lateral prone position supporting device comprises a supporting air bag device connected with the flexible cushion into a whole, the supporting air bag device can be switched between an inflated state and an uninflated state, and the edge of the supporting air bag device can be fixed relative to the nursing bed through a bandage mechanism. It is ensured that a patient keeps a stable side prone position in the sputum excretion process, sputum excretion interruption is avoided, the sputum excretion efficiency is remarkably improved, inflation and deflation of the supporting air bag device are easy and convenient to operate and accurate in regulation and control, the supporting air bag device can be rapidly adjusted to a proper prone angle according to the body type of the patient and treatment requirements, precise thoracic and abdominal supporting is achieved, and the patient can conveniently and rapidly lie on the side. The pressure distribution of each part of the body of the patient is uniform, and the risk of pressure injury of the patient is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, and in particular to an integrated device for lateral prone position fixation and vibration sputum removal and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the field of medical rehabilitation, patients with rib fractures, atelectasis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), severe pneumonia, etc. often require treatment in the prone position. As an effective postural drainage method, the prone position can promote the discharge of lung secretions, improve ventilation function, prevent and alleviate complications such as lung infections, and play a vital role in the patient's recovery.

[0003] Currently, there are many medical devices related to expectoration, but the existing expectoration devices still have some shortcomings in terms of expectoration effect and ease of operation: Patent application number 202410760668X is a prone ventilation device based on flexible pressure sensing and intelligent control system, which includes a base plate, on which a first track moving part and a second track moving part are provided. The first track moving part is provided with a back tapping component, which taps the patient's back through lifting components, position adjustment components, elastic components and tapping drive components; the second track moving part is provided with an airbag support component and a leg support sponge at intervals, and the airbag support component deflects the patient's body by inflating and deflating air. The upper end of the base plate is also provided with a placement monitoring component and a head airbag pillow, and the lower end of the base plate is provided with a chest tapping component, which can tap the patient's chest. In addition, flexible pressure sensors and intelligent control systems are used to monitor the patient's heart rate and blood oxygen value and control the expansion degree of the support airbag. By slightly tilting the patient's upper body and tapping the front and back, sputum is promoted to move to the central airway. However, the device has the following problems: its structure is complex and has many components, which not only increases the production cost and maintenance difficulty of the equipment, but also may lead to reduced reliability of the equipment; secondly, for patients with rib fractures, the device involves the contact and force of multiple mechanical components, which may cause compression or secondary damage to the fracture site, and is therefore not suitable for such patients.

[0004] The slapping sputum removal system with patent application number 2022115228975 includes a positioning bed and a slapping mechanism located above the positioning bed. The slapping mechanism includes a suspension arm and a slapping part. The positioning bed has a rotatable bed board and a vertical drive device for changing the angle of the bed board. This solution also has the problems of complex structure, high cost and difficulty in control.

[0005] Patent application number 2023202747841 is a wearable structure and vest-type expectoration machine. The vibrator is fixed to the patient's back through structures such as shoulder straps, tightening belts and Velcro, and the airbag is inflated by an airbag ball, so that the vibrator fits the patient's back more comprehensively, thereby improving the expectoration effect. Although this design can achieve expectoration by patting the patient's back, the wearing process is relatively complicated. It requires multiple steps such as installing the vibrator, bonding the front garment, tightening the shoulder straps and tightening belt in sequence. It requires certain operational proficiency and time investment from the nursing staff. Especially in the case of emergency care or frequent expectoration, this complexity will significantly increase the nursing burden. In addition, when the patient needs to expectorate in the side-prone position, an additional support device is still required, which brings great inconvenience to the patient and the nursing staff. Especially in the care of patients who need frequent expectoration, each wearing and taking off takes a lot of time and energy, the expectoration efficiency is low, and it seriously interferes with the normal nursing process and the patient's rest.

[0006] Patent application number 2021208476933 is a turning over vibration expectoration pad that is easy to wear and adjust. It is worn and fixed by the combination of buttons and hooks. Although it improves the convenience of wearing to a certain extent and can adapt to patients of different physiques, it still requires manual operation of buttons and hooks to put on and take off, which requires certain operational proficiency of patients or caregivers. Although the expectoration pad body is integrated with the vibrator, an additional side-lying support device is still required for use during expectoration. The equipment integration and coordination are not high. Manual intervention is still required to adjust the patient's position during use, which increases the nursing burden to a certain extent.

[0007] In view of this, the present application aims to propose an innovative integrated device for side-lying position fixation and vibration expectoration to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To this end, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the problems of high usage cost, low convenience of use, inaccurate body position support, low sputum drainage efficiency and risk of pressure injury in the existing technology, and to provide an integrated lateral prone position fixation and vibration sputum drainage device and control method.

[0009] In the first aspect, to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides an integrated device for lateral prone position fixation and vibration sputum drainage, which is arranged on a nursing bed and includes an auxiliary sputum drainage device and a lateral prone position support device. The auxiliary sputum drainage device includes a flexible pad and a vibration device, and the vibration device includes a plurality of devices, which are dispersedly arranged on the flexible pad; two groups of the lateral prone position support devices are respectively placed on the left and right sides of the auxiliary sputum drainage device; The side-prone position support device includes a support airbag device integrally connected to the flexible pad, the support airbag device can be switched between an inflated state and an uninflated state, and the edge of the support airbag device can be fixed relative to the nursing bed by a strap mechanism; when one of the support airbag devices is inflated to support the patient's chest and abdomen, the other support airbag device is in an uninflated state and cooperates with the flexible pad to wrap and fix the upper torso of the patient in the side-prone position.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, the side-lying support device further includes a face support, and an upper limb side placement area is provided between the face support and the support airbag device.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the side prone position support device further includes a hip support, and a hip decompression pad is provided on the tail side of the flexible pad; the hip decompression pad is located between the two hip supports corresponding to the two groups of the side prone position support devices.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the strap mechanism is fixed to the railing of the nursing bed. When the patient lies flat, the strap mechanisms corresponding to the two sets of side prone support devices are respectively bound to the railings on both sides of the nursing bed; when the patient is expectorating, the strap mechanisms corresponding to the two sets of side prone support devices are bound to the railings on the same side of the nursing bed.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, when the patient lies flat, the strap mechanisms corresponding to the two sets of side prone support devices are respectively bound to the railings on both sides of the nursing bed; and the railings can be rotated relative to the nursing bed body so that the two railings are located on the same side of the nursing bed.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a monitoring sensor and an electronic control system, wherein the monitoring sensor is used to measure the patient's physiological status data; the electronic control system is connected to the monitoring sensor, the vibration device and the support airbag device, and the electronic control system receives the patient's physiological status data sent by the monitoring sensor in real time, realizes the monitoring of the patient's physiological status and controls the operating state of the vibration device and the inflation and deflation of the support airbag device according to the patient's physiological status data.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring sensor includes: A heart rate measurement module, used to measure the patient's heart rate; Blood pressure monitoring module, used to measure the patient's blood pressure; A respiratory rate measurement module, used to measure the patient's respiratory rate; Blood oxygen saturation measurement module, used to measure the patient's blood oxygen saturation; Heart rate variability coefficient monitoring module, used to monitor the patient's heart rate variability coefficient; The sputum bioimpedance measurement module is used to measure the bioimpedance signal of the chest area. The sputum bioimpedance measurement module includes a four-electrode array arranged on the patient's chest.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for controlling sputum drainage by fixation and vibration in a prone position, the specific steps of the control method comprising: S1: Collect the respiratory waveform characteristics and calibration impedance baseline value of the patient in a natural lying state; S2: Controlling the vibration device based on the respiratory waveform characteristics to synchronize the vibration device with the patient's breathing; S3: collecting bioimpedance values ​​of different areas of the chest of the patient when expectorating, obtaining a change in chest bioimpedance based on the collected bioimpedance values ​​and the calibration impedance reference value, and establishing a quantitative relationship database between the change in chest bioimpedance and sputum volume and viscosity; S4: Locating the chest sputum accumulation area based on the collected bioimpedance value, and controlling the vibration device at the corresponding position of the chest congestion area to generate directional vibration waves to expel the patient's sputum; simultaneously monitoring the patient's physiological status data in real time and adjusting the vibration according to the physiological status data; S5: Regularly calculate the expectoration efficiency index; S6: When the expectoration efficiency index is less than the preset value for multiple consecutive times or the cumulative expectoration time reaches the preset treatment time, the vibration device automatically terminates.

[0017] In one embodiment of the invention, the specific method of controlling the operation of the vibration device based on the respiratory waveform characteristics in step S2 is as follows: S21: Detecting the collected respiratory waveform data, detecting the rising edge slope and second-order derivative inflection point of the respiratory waveform, and determining the switching time between the inhalation phase and the exhalation phase; S22: Based on the detected transition moments between the inspiratory phase and the expiratory phase, characteristic parameters of multiple respiratory cycles are extracted to form historical respiratory cycle data; each respiratory cycle includes the duration of the inspiratory phase, the duration of the expiratory phase, and the total duration of the respiratory cycle; S23: Based on the extracted historical respiratory cycle data, a time series model is constructed to predict the start time of the expiratory phase; S24: Based on the predicted start time point of the expiratory phase, controlling the vibration device to operate in advance.

[0018] In one embodiment of the invention, the expression of the expectoration efficiency index in step S5 is as follows: ; in, is the expectoration index; For the The effective action time of a vibration cycle; For the The absolute value of the chest bioimpedance change detected within a vibration cycle; For treatment time.

[0019] In one embodiment of the invention, the vibration intensity of the directional vibration wave in step S4 satisfies the following expression: ; in, is the vibration intensity; 、 is the clinical calibration coefficient, To calibrate the impedance reference value, is the change in chest bioimpedance.

[0020] The above technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: (1) The present invention relates to an integrated device for side-lying position fixation and vibration expectoration, which is connected to the supporting airbag devices on both sides through a flexible pad. When there is no need to pat and expectorate, the flexible pad is placed under the patient's body. When pat and expectorate are required, the supporting airbag device on one side of the flexible pad is inflated to support the patient's side-lying position. The supporting airbag device on the other side of the flexible pad cooperates with the flexible pad to wrap the patient's upper body, and the supporting airbag device is connected to the railing of the nursing bed through a strap mechanism to achieve auxiliary fixation of the patient's side-lying position, ensuring that the patient maintains a stable side-lying position during the expectoration process, avoiding expectoration interruption caused by body position adjustment and replacement of the supporting device, and significantly improving the expectoration efficiency. In addition, the inflation and deflation of the supporting airbag device are simple and accurately regulated. According to the patient's body shape and treatment needs, it can be quickly adjusted to an appropriate prone angle to achieve precise support of the patient's chest and abdomen, ensure uniform pressure distribution of various parts of the patient's body, and effectively reduce the risk of pressure injuries in long-term bedridden patients.

[0021] (2) The side-prone position fixation and vibration expectoration system of the present invention can be used on existing ordinary nursing beds. Compared with existing mechanical expectoration beds, it can avoid major modifications to the nursing beds, and the cost of use is significantly reduced. Compared with vest-type expectoration devices, it can avoid frequent wearing and taking off, and the convenience of use is greatly improved.

[0022] (3) The present invention provides a lateral prone position fixation and vibration sputum removal system. The monitoring sensor can measure the patient's physiological state in real time. The electronic control system adjusts the operation of the vibration device in time according to the monitoring data, providing medical staff with real-time information on the patient's physiological state, facilitating timely detection of abnormal conditions and taking measures to ensure the safety of patient treatment.

[0023] (4) The present invention describes a method for controlling sputum removal in a prone position by fixing and vibrating the patient. By collecting the respiratory waveform characteristics and calibration impedance reference values ​​of the patient in a naturally lying state, the vibration device is controlled to operate based on the respiratory waveform characteristics, so that the vibration is precisely synchronized with the patient's breathing, which greatly improves the efficiency of sputum removal and reduces the patient's discomfort. In addition, a quantitative relationship database is established by combining the biological impedance value and the calibration impedance reference value, the sputum accumulation area is located, and the vibration device at the corresponding position is controlled to generate directional vibration waves. Personalized sputum removal treatment is performed according to the patient's specific condition and sputum distribution, thereby improving the treatment effect. The sputum removal efficiency index can also be calculated regularly, and the vibration device operation can be automatically terminated according to the change of the index to avoid overtreatment. At the same time, the patient's physiological parameters are monitored in real time, and the sputum removal strategy is adjusted in time to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the treatment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to make the contents of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below based on specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the integrated device for lateral prone position fixation and vibration sputum removal in the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A top view of the integrated device for lateral prone position fixation and vibration expectoration is shown; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the integrated device for fixation and vibration sputum removal in the first embodiment of the invention, in which a patient lies flat on his back in a side-prone position; Figure 4 A top view of the integrated device for fixation and vibration sputum removal in the first embodiment, in which a patient lies flat on his back in a side-prone position; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the integrated device for sputum drainage with fixation and vibration in the side-lying position when sputum is discharged by a patient in the first embodiment; Figure 6 A top view of the integrated device for sputum drainage with fixation and vibration in a side-lying position when a patient is expectorating in the first embodiment; Figure 7 This is a state diagram of the patient lying flat in the second embodiment; Figure 8 This is a state diagram of the patient in the second embodiment when he is in the side prone position; Figure 9 This is a flow chart of the control method of the integrated device for lateral prone position fixation and vibration sputum drainage in the present invention; Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1. Auxiliary expectoration device; 11. Flexible pad; 12. Vibration device; 2. Lateral prone position support device; 21. Support airbag device; 21a. Inflation port; 22. Facial support; 22a. Expectoration hole; 23. Hip support; 24. Upper limb lateral area; 3. Buttocks decompression pad; 3a. Inner recess; 4. Strap mechanism; 5. Nursing bed; 51. Railing; 6. Drive motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and implement it. However, the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention. Example 1

[0027] Reference Figure 1-2 As shown, the present invention provides an integrated device for lateral prone position fixation and vibration expectoration, which is arranged on a nursing bed 5 and includes an auxiliary expectoration device 1 and a lateral prone position support device 2. The auxiliary expectoration device 1 includes a flexible pad 11 and a vibration device 12. The vibration device 12 includes a plurality of devices, which are dispersedly arranged on the flexible pad 11; two groups of the lateral prone position support devices 2 are respectively placed on the left and right sides of the auxiliary expectoration device 1; The side-prone position support device 2 includes a support airbag device 21 connected to the flexible pad 11 as an integral whole. The support airbag device 21 can switch between an inflated state and an uninflated state, and the edge of the support airbag device 21 can be fixed relative to the nursing bed 5 by a strap mechanism 4; when one of the support airbag devices 21 is inflated to support the patient's chest and abdomen, the other support airbag device 21 is in an uninflated state and cooperates with the flexible pad 11 to wrap and fix the upper torso of the patient in the side-prone position. At this time, the flexible pad 11 is located on the patient's back, and the support airbag device 21 in an uninflated state serves as a connection to keep the flexible pad 11 close to the patient's back, so that the vibration device 12 can fully pat the patient's back.

[0028] Preferably, the supporting airbag device 21 includes a plurality of airbags arranged in an array and memory foam wrapped around the outside of the airbags.

[0029] Furthermore, an air valve is provided on the support airbag device 21, and the air valve is connected to the air source through an trachea. The air valve is used to control the inflation or deflation of the support airbag device 21. By adjusting the inflation amount of the support airbag device 21, the patient's side prone angle can be continuously adjusted to 15°-75°.

[0030] Furthermore, the side-lying support device 2 also includes a face support 22, and an upper limb side placement area is defined between the face support 22 and the support airbag device 21. When the support airbag device is inflated, the upper limb side placement area is lower than the support airbag device and the face support. When the patient is in the side-lying position, the lower arm is placed horizontally in the upper limb side placement area, preventing injury to the patient from improper arm placement.

[0031] A sputum discharge hole 22a is provided in the middle of the face support 22. Elastic supporting material is filled around the sputum discharge hole 22a in the face support 22.

[0032] Furthermore, the side-lying support device 2 further includes a hip support 22, and a buttocks pressure relief pad 3 is provided at the trailing end of the flexible pad 11; the buttocks pressure relief pad 3 is located between the two hip supports 22 corresponding to the two sets of side-lying support devices 2. In this way, the patient's buttocks and hips can be supported separately when lying flat and lying on their side.

[0033] The middle portion of the buttocks decompression pad 3 has an inner concave portion, and the inner concave portion is arranged corresponding to the defecation hole on the nursing bed 5.

[0034] In this embodiment, the auxiliary sputum discharge device 1 and the buttocks decompression pad 3, the upper limb side area 24 and the face support 22, the auxiliary sputum discharge device 1 and the buttocks decompression pad 3, and the support airbag device 21 and the hip support 23 are interconnected by Velcro, which can keep the relative positions of the various parts fixed.

[0035] The strap mechanism 4 described in this embodiment is fixed on the railing 51 of the nursing bed 5. When the patient lies flat, the strap mechanisms 4 corresponding to the two sets of side-prone support devices 2 are respectively bound to the railings 51 on both sides of the nursing bed 5; when the patient expectorates, the strap mechanisms 4 corresponding to the two sets of side-prone support devices 2 are bound to the railings 51 on the same side of the nursing bed 5.

[0036] The specific method of using the integrated lateral prone position fixation and vibration expectoration device based on the above structure is as follows: When in a non-expectorant state; Lay the integrated device for side-lying position fixation and vibration expectoration flat on the mattress of the nursing bed 5, ensuring that the strap mechanisms 4 on both sides are respectively connected to the railings 51 on both sides of the nursing bed 5, so as to fix the device so that it is stably placed on the mattress in the non-expulsion state, providing a comfortable lying environment for the patient; like Figure 3 and 4As shown, the patient lies flat in the middle of the device, with the upper torso placed on the flexible pad 11 on the auxiliary expectoration device 1 and the buttocks placed on the buttocks pressure relief pad 3. The mattress of the nursing bed 5 is provided with a defecation opening at a position corresponding to the inner recess 3a, and a container for receiving feces is provided below the defecation opening. This provides convenience for the patient in a flat lying position, and defecation problems can be handled without moving the patient, reducing the difficulty of operation for the caregiver and the discomfort of the patient.

[0037] When expectorating: When the patient needs to perform a sputum discharge operation, the control system starts, controls the air source to operate, and controls the air valve to open, so that the support airbag device 21 on one side is inflated. As the airbag is inflated, a downward concave portion is formed in the upper limb side-relaxing area 24 between the face support 22 and the inflated support airbag device 21. This structure provides support and guidance for the patient's transition from side-lying to prone position. The specific process of the patient transitioning from a supine position to a side-lying position is as follows: The nurse first places one of the patient's arms horizontally in the upper limb lateral placement area 24 to ensure that the arm is properly placed during the side-prone lying process to prevent the arm from being left hanging in the air or being subjected to unnecessary pressure; Next, the patient's face is placed on the facial sponge support 22, with the patient's mouth and nose aligned with the sputum discharge hole 22a. This arrangement helps the patient maintain unobstructed breathing when lying on the side, and also facilitates the discharge of sputum through the sputum discharge hole, reducing the risk of sputum accumulating around the face.

[0038] The patient's chest and abdomen are then placed on the inflated support airbag device 21, which provides comfortable support for the patient, reduces local pressure on the body, and facilitates position adjustment during expectoration. One of the patient's hips is placed on the hip support 23, which provides stable support for the patient's lower limbs, ensuring the patient's body balance in the prone position and preventing excessive sliding or tilting, thereby ensuring smooth expectoration. The nurse unties the strap mechanism 4 connected to the uninflated support airbag device 21 from the railing 51, and then flips up the auxiliary sputum drainage device 1 and the uninflated support airbag device 21 together, so that they wrap the patient's upper torso, effectively fixing the patient's upper body, ensuring the patient's body stability during the sputum drainage process, and avoiding the patient's position moving due to vibration and other reasons, which affects the sputum drainage effect; Fix the strap mechanism 4 connected to the uninflated support airbag device 21 to the railing 51 connected to the strap mechanism 4 on the other side to complete the fixation of the patient's upper body. Figure 5 and 6 As shown, at this time, the auxiliary expectoration device 1 is close to the patient's back, providing stable support and safety guarantee for the expectoration operation.

[0039] After completing the above preparations, the electronic control system controls the vibration device 12 to start operating, regularly patting the patient's back, thereby assisting the patient in expectoration through the vibration effect. The operation of the vibration device 12 can generate a certain vibration force, which helps the patient loosen and expel phlegm accumulated in the lungs and respiratory tract, thereby improving expectoration efficiency and improving the patient's breathing condition.

[0040] When the patient does not need to expectorate, the strap mechanism 4 of the uninflated support airbag device 21 is removed from the railing 51, and laid flat on the mattress of the nursing bed 5 together with the flexible pad 11, and then the strap mechanism 4 is connected to the corresponding railing 51, so that the entire side-lying position fixation and vibration expectoration integrated device is restored to a flat state, and at the same time, the electronic control system controls the air valve of the inflated support airbag device 21 to deflate.

[0041] In actual use, the left or right support airbag device 21 of the flexible pad 11 can be inflated according to the patient's specific situation to achieve left-side prone lying or right-side prone lying. Example 2

[0042] On the basis of the first embodiment, the present embodiment further optimizes the railings 51 on both sides of the nursing bed 5, and designs the railings 51 on both sides of the nursing bed 5 to be rotatable relative to the nursing bed 5, such as Figure 7 and 8 As shown, when the patient lies flat, the strap mechanisms 4 corresponding to the two sets of side prone support devices 2 are respectively bound to the railings 51 on both sides of the nursing bed 5; and the railings 51 can be rotated relative to the body of the nursing bed 5 so that the two railings 51 are located on the same side of the nursing bed 5.

[0043] The railing 51 can be rotated manually. Preferably, a driving mechanism such as a drive motor can be set to drive the railing 51 to move, so that the railing 51 moves from one side of the nursing bed 5 to the other side. In this way, the patient can be assisted to move from a lying position to a prone position. During the turning over process, the support airbag device 21 on one side is first inflated, and then the railing 51 is rotated. The flexible pad 11 and the support airbag device 21 in the uninflated state pull the patient to turn over slowly. The human body is evenly stressed, which can improve comfort and avoid injuries caused by improper operation. Example 3

[0044] The present invention provides a lateral prone position fixation and vibration sputum drainage system, including an integrated lateral prone position fixation and vibration sputum drainage device, a monitoring sensor and an electronic control system, wherein the monitoring sensor is used to measure the patient's physiological state data; the electronic control system is connected to the monitoring sensor, the vibration device and the support airbag device 21, and the electronic control system receives the patient's physiological state data sent by the monitoring sensor in real time, realizes the monitoring of the patient's physiological state and controls the operating state of the vibration device 12 and the inflation and deflation of the support airbag device 21 according to the patient's physiological state data.

[0045] Wherein, the monitoring sensor includes: A heart rate measurement module, used to measure the patient's heart rate; Blood pressure monitoring module, used to measure the patient's blood pressure; A respiratory rate measurement module, used to measure the patient's respiratory rate; Blood oxygen saturation measurement module, used to measure the patient's blood oxygen saturation; Heart rate variability coefficient monitoring module, used to monitor the patient's heart rate variability coefficient; The sputum bioimpedance measurement module is used to measure the bioimpedance signal of the chest area. The sputum bioimpedance measurement module includes a four-electrode array arranged on the patient's chest.

[0046] like Figure 7 As shown, the present invention also provides a method for controlling sputum drainage by fixation and vibration in a side-lying position, the specific steps of which include: S1: Collect the respiratory waveform characteristics and calibration impedance baseline value of the patient in a natural lying state; S2: Controlling the vibration device 12 to operate based on the respiratory waveform characteristics, so that the vibration device 12 is synchronized with the patient's breathing; S3: collecting bioimpedance values ​​of different areas of the chest of the patient when expectorating, obtaining a change in chest bioimpedance based on the collected bioimpedance values ​​and the calibration impedance reference value, and establishing a quantitative relationship database between the change in chest bioimpedance and sputum volume and viscosity; S4: Locating the chest sputum accumulation area based on the collected bioimpedance value, and controlling the vibration device at the corresponding position of the chest congestion area to generate directional vibration waves to expel the patient's sputum; simultaneously monitoring the patient's physiological status data in real time and adjusting the vibration according to the physiological status data; S5: Regularly calculate the expectoration efficiency index; S6: When the expectoration efficiency index is less than the preset value for multiple consecutive times or the cumulative expectoration time reaches the preset treatment time, the vibration device 12 automatically stops; Furthermore, the specific method of controlling the operation of the vibration device 12 based on the respiratory waveform characteristics in step S2 is as follows: S21: Detecting the collected respiratory waveform data, detecting the rising edge slope and second-order derivative inflection point of the respiratory waveform, and determining the switching time between the inhalation phase and the exhalation phase; S22: Based on the detected transition moments between the inspiratory phase and the expiratory phase, characteristic parameters of multiple respiratory cycles are extracted to form historical respiratory cycle data; each respiratory cycle includes the duration of the inspiratory phase, the duration of the expiratory phase, and the total duration of the respiratory cycle; S23: Based on the extracted historical respiratory cycle data, a time series model is constructed to predict the start time of the expiratory phase; S24: Based on the predicted start time point of the expiratory phase, controlling the vibration device to operate in advance.

[0047] The expression of the expectoration efficiency index in step S2 is as follows: ; in, is the expectoration index; For the The effective action time of a vibration cycle; For the The absolute value of the chest bioimpedance change detected within a vibration cycle; For treatment time.

[0048] The vibration intensity of the directional vibration wave in step S4 satisfies the following expression: ; in, is the vibration intensity; 、 is the clinical calibration coefficient, To calibrate the impedance reference value, is the change in chest bioimpedance.

[0049] The patient's physiological status data in step S4 includes heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, blood oxygen saturation, heart rate variability coefficient HRV and chest bioimpedance change; when the changes in respiratory rate and blood oxygen saturation exceed the preset threshold, the vibration intensity of the vibration device is reduced; when the heart rate variability coefficient HRV exceeds the preset threshold and the chest bioimpedance change exceeds the preset threshold, the vibration device stops operating.

[0050] During use, the integrated lateral prone position fixation and vibration expectoration device is laid flat on the mattress of the nursing bed 5. The strap mechanism 4 of the lateral prone position support device 2 is securely connected to the railings 51 on both sides of the nursing bed 5 to ensure that the device is stably fixed during use. The patient lies flat on the middle of the device, ensuring that the patient's upper torso is comfortably placed on the auxiliary expectoration device 1 and the buttocks are placed on the buttocks pressure relief pad 3. At this time, the defecation opening on the mattress of the nursing bed 5 corresponding to the inner recess 3a of the buttocks pressure relief pad 3 should be accurately aligned with the feces container below to facilitate defecation when needed.

[0051] After the patient is secured, the electronic control system is activated to collect baseline data for 5 minutes. During this time, the monitoring sensor collects the patient's respiratory waveform characteristic parameters and calibration impedance baseline values, providing basic data for subsequent respiratory synchronization vibration control and sputum removal efficiency assessment.

[0052] The expectoration procedure is started. Based on the collected respiratory waveform characteristics, the electronic control system controls the vibration device 12 to start operating. The vibration device 12 will vibrate synchronously with the patient's breathing rhythm to enhance the airflow speed and pressure changes in the airway, thereby promoting the discharge of sputum.

[0053] During the expectoration process, the electronic control system monitors the patient's heart rate, respiratory rate, blood oxygen saturation, and heart rate variation coefficient HRV in real time. At the same time, it measures the changes in chest bioimpedance, locates the area of ​​sputum accumulation, and adjusts the vibration intensity and position of the vibration device 12 as needed to achieve personalized expectoration treatment.

[0054] The monitoring sensor continuously monitors the patient's physiological status. When an abnormality is detected (such as a blood oxygen saturation desaturation rate greater than 3% / min and a respiratory rate greater than 35 breaths / min, or a heart rate variability coefficient greater than 20% and a change in chest bioimpedance exceeding a preset threshold), the safety protection mechanism will be automatically triggered to reduce the vibration intensity or immediately stop the vibration to ensure patient safety.

[0055] The electronic control system calculates the expectoration efficiency index (SEI) every 30 seconds. If the SEI is less than 5% for three consecutive times or the accumulated expectoration time reaches the preset upper limit, the system will automatically terminate the vibration device, completing the expectoration treatment process.

[0056] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarity of explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all implementation methods here. Obvious variations or modifications arising therefrom remain within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated lateral prone position fixation and vibration expectoration device, provided on a nursing bed, comprising an auxiliary expectoration device and a lateral prone position support device, wherein the auxiliary expectoration device comprises a flexible pad and a vibration device, wherein the vibration device comprises a plurality of devices dispersedly disposed on the flexible pad; two sets of the lateral prone position support devices are disposed on the left and right sides of the auxiliary expectoration device; and characterized in that: The side-prone position support device includes a support airbag device integrally connected to the flexible pad, the support airbag device can be switched between an inflated state and an uninflated state, and the edge of the support airbag device can be fixed relative to the nursing bed by a strap mechanism; when one of the support airbag devices is inflated to support the patient's chest and abdomen, the other support airbag device is in an uninflated state and cooperates with the flexible pad to wrap and fix the upper torso of the patient in the side-prone position.

2. The integrated device for lateral prone position fixation and vibration expectoration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side-lying support device further comprises a face support, and an upper limb side placement area is provided between the face support and the support airbag device.

3. The integrated lateral prone position fixation and vibration expectoration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side-lying position support device further includes a hip support, and a hip decompression pad is provided on the tail side of the flexible pad; the hip decompression pad is located between the two hip supports corresponding to the two groups of the side-lying position support devices.

4. The integrated lateral prone position fixation and vibration expectoration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The strap mechanism is fixed to the railing of the nursing bed. When the patient lies flat, the strap mechanisms corresponding to the two sets of side prone support devices are respectively bound to the railings on both sides of the nursing bed; when the patient expectorates, the strap mechanisms corresponding to the two sets of side prone support devices are bound to the railings on the same side of the nursing bed.

5. The integrated device for lateral prone position fixation and vibration expectoration according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the patient lies flat, the strap mechanisms corresponding to the two sets of side prone support devices are respectively bound to the railings on both sides of the nursing bed; and the railings can be rotated relative to the nursing bed body so that the two railings are located on the same side of the nursing bed.

6. The integrated lateral prone position fixation and vibration expectoration device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: It also includes a monitoring sensor and an electronic control system, wherein the monitoring sensor is used to measure the patient's physiological status data; The electronic control system is connected to the monitoring sensor, the vibration device and the support airbag device. The electronic control system receives the patient's physiological status data sent by the monitoring sensor in real time, monitors the patient's physiological status and controls the operation of the vibration device and the inflation and deflation of the support airbag device according to the patient's physiological status data; the monitoring sensor and the electronic control system, the monitoring sensor is used to measure the patient's physiological status data; The electronic control system is connected to the monitoring sensor, the vibration device and the support airbag device. The electronic control system receives the patient's physiological status data sent by the monitoring sensor in real time, monitors the patient's physiological status and controls the operation of the vibration device and the inflation and deflation of the support airbag device according to the patient's physiological status data. Wherein, the monitoring sensor includes: A heart rate measurement module, used to measure the patient's heart rate; Blood pressure monitoring module, used to measure the patient's blood pressure; A respiratory rate measurement module, used to measure the patient's respiratory rate; Blood oxygen saturation measurement module, used to measure the patient's blood oxygen saturation; Heart rate variability coefficient monitoring module, used to monitor the patient's heart rate variability coefficient; The sputum bioimpedance measurement module is used to measure the bioimpedance signal of the chest area. The sputum bioimpedance measurement module includes a four-electrode array arranged on the patient's chest.

7. A method for controlling sputum drainage by fixation and vibration in a side-lying position, characterized by: Applied to the integrated lateral prone position fixation and vibration sputum removal device described in claim 6, the control method specifically comprises the following steps: S1: Collect the respiratory waveform characteristics and calibration impedance baseline value of the patient in a natural lying state; S2: Controlling the vibration device based on the respiratory waveform characteristics to synchronize the vibration device with the patient's breathing; S3: collecting bioimpedance values ​​of different areas of the chest of the patient when expectorating, obtaining a change in chest bioimpedance based on the collected bioimpedance values ​​and the calibration impedance reference value, and establishing a quantitative relationship database between the change in chest bioimpedance and sputum volume and viscosity; S4: Locating the chest sputum accumulation area based on the collected bioimpedance value, and controlling the vibration device at the corresponding position of the chest congestion area to generate directional vibration waves to expel the patient's sputum; simultaneously monitoring the patient's physiological status data in real time and adjusting the vibration according to the physiological status data; S5: Regularly calculate the expectoration efficiency index; S6: When the expectoration efficiency index is less than the preset value for multiple consecutive times or the cumulative expectoration time reaches the preset treatment time, the vibration device automatically terminates.

8. The method for controlling sputum drainage by fixation and vibration in a side-lying position according to claim 7, characterized in that: The specific method of controlling the operation of the vibration device based on the respiratory waveform characteristics in step S2 is as follows: S21: Detecting the collected respiratory waveform data, detecting the rising edge slope and second-order derivative inflection point of the respiratory waveform, and determining the switching time between the inhalation phase and the exhalation phase; S22: Based on the detected transition moments between the inspiratory phase and the expiratory phase, characteristic parameters of multiple respiratory cycles are extracted to form historical respiratory cycle data; each respiratory cycle includes the duration of the inspiratory phase, the duration of the expiratory phase, and the total duration of the respiratory cycle; S23: Based on the extracted historical respiratory cycle data, a time series model is constructed to predict the start time of the expiratory phase; S24: Based on the predicted start time point of the expiratory phase, controlling the vibration device to operate in advance.

9. The method for controlling sputum drainage by fixation and vibration in a side-lying position according to claim 8, characterized in that: The expression of the sputum removal efficiency index in step S5 is as follows: ； in, is the expectoration index; For the The effective action time of a vibration cycle; For the The absolute value of the chest bioimpedance change detected within a vibration cycle; For treatment time.

10. The method for controlling sputum drainage by fixation and vibration in a side-lying position according to claim 9, characterized in that: The vibration intensity of the directional vibration wave in step S4 satisfies the following expression: ； in, is the vibration intensity; 、 is the clinical calibration coefficient, To calibrate the impedance reference value, is the change in chest bioimpedance.

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