Pressure assembly for testing rock-soil mechanical characteristics of landslide rock mass and testing method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of rock-soil pressure testing, and discloses a pressure assembly for testing rock-soil mechanical characteristics of a landslide rock mass and a testing method.The pressure assembly comprises a testing box body, a charging bucket is fixedly installed on the testing box body, an air cylinder is fixedly connected to the testing box body, and a pressure plate is fixedly installed at the output end of the air cylinder; a detecting and discharging mechanism is arranged in the charging barrel, the detecting and discharging mechanism comprises a cutting tool and a bottom plate connected to the charging barrel through a torsional spring, and a barrel wall plate is arranged on one side of the testing box body. The directional block slides towards one ends of the limiting baffles along the directional column by pulling the sliding column, the sliding column slides along the chamfering groove between the limiting baffles on the two sides, the limiting baffles on the two sides are gradually pushed away towards the two sides, and the cutting tool at the top end of the sliding column cuts rock soil in the charging barrel. Rock soil in the charging barrel is divided into three parts by the surrounding cutting tools, the compacted rock soil can be more efficiently decomposed into small blocks through side cutting, and subsequent discharging treatment is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of rock and soil pressure testing, and in particular to a pressure component and a testing method for testing the rock and soil mechanical characteristics of a landslide rock mass. Background Art

[0002] Traditionally, stress testing refers to placing an entire financial institution or asset portfolio under a specific extreme market situation, such as assuming an interest rate surge of 100 basis points, a currency suddenly depreciating by 30%, a stock price plummeting by 20%, and other abnormal market changes. The performance of the financial institution or asset portfolio under the pressure of these sudden changes in key market variables is then tested to see whether it can withstand such market mutations.

[0003] Chinese patent CN116465730B discloses a geological rock and soil exploration strength test device, which allows rock and soil to be moved into the cavity through the cavity inside the workbench. The cavity can prevent the rock and soil from splashing when squeezed, and the curved surface inside the cavity can prevent gravel from moving directly to the bottom of the pressure plate to affect the accuracy of the test. The force plate can be driven downward by a hydraulic device, and the push rod can push the L-shaped plate and the triangular block to move, so that the L-shaped plate cannot support the force plate, the force plate will tilt, and the gravel on the top of the force plate can enter the inside of the sewage outlet, so that the gravel on the top of the force plate can be removed. When the force plate moves downward, it squeezes the arc-shaped airbag, so that the gas inside the arc-shaped airbag is ejected through the jet plate, thereby improving the effect of moving the gravel on the top of the force plate toward the sewage outlet.

[0004] When the above-mentioned pressure component for testing the geomechanical characteristics of landslide rock mass is in use, the rock and soil are squeezed by the pressure plate on the load-bearing plate in the workbench, so that the rock and soil are compacted between the load-bearing plate and the pressure plate, resulting in the compacted rock and soil fitting into the workbench and being difficult to remove. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a pressure component and a testing method for testing the geotechnical characteristics of landslide rock masses, which has the advantages of cutting compacted soil and solves the problem of compacted soil getting stuck in the equipment.

[0006] The present invention provides the following technical solution: a pressure component for testing the geotechnical characteristics of a landslide rock mass, comprising a test box, a charging barrel fixedly mounted on the test box, a cylinder fixedly connected to the test box, a pressure plate fixedly mounted on the output of the cylinder, a detection and discharge mechanism provided in the charging barrel, the detection and discharge mechanism comprising a cutting tool and a bottom plate connected to the charging barrel by a torsion spring, a barrel wall plate provided on one side of the test box, the cutting tool being slidably connected in the charging barrel, a tilting component provided between the cutting tool and the bottom plate for accelerating the falling of the rock and soil in the charging barrel, and an opening component provided between the cutting tool and the barrel wall plate for reducing the friction between the rock and soil and the equipment.

[0007] As a preferred solution of the pressure component for testing the geomechanical characteristics of landslide rock mass described in the present invention, the tilting component includes a sliding column, the sliding column is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the cutting tool, the sliding column is fixedly connected to a directional block, the loading barrel is fixedly connected to a directional column, and the directional block is slidably connected to the directional column.

[0008] As a preferred solution of the pressure component for testing the geotechnical mechanical characteristics of landslide rock mass described in the present invention, the bottom end of the sliding column is fixedly connected to a sliding plate, both sides of the sliding plate are fixedly connected to sliding inclined blocks, the sliding inclined blocks are fixedly connected to top blocks, and both ends of the bottom plate are fixedly connected to top columns.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the pressure component for testing the geomechanical characteristics of landslide rock mass described in the present invention, the bottom end of the top column is arranged on the upper surface of the sliding inclined block, the lower surface of the sliding plate is fixedly connected to the sliding block, the test box is fixedly connected to the sliding frame, the sliding block is slidably connected in the sliding frame, and the limiting baffles are symmetrically arranged on the loading barrel.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the pressure component for testing the geomechanical characteristics of landslide rock mass described in the present invention, the lower surface of the limit baffle is fixedly connected to an extrusion plate, a folding spring is fixedly installed on one side of the extrusion plate, one side of the folding spring is fixedly installed on one side of the charging barrel, and one side of the charging barrel is slidably connected to the bottom plate.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the pressure component for testing the geomechanical characteristics of landslide rock mass described in the present invention, the open component includes a sliding rack, the top end of the cutting tool is fixedly connected to the sliding rack, the sliding rack is slidably connected to the loading barrel, the top end of the barrel wall plate is fixedly connected to a gear, and gears are meshed on both sides of the sliding rack.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the pressure component for testing the geomechanical characteristics of landslide rock mass described in the present invention, the surface of the barrel wall plate is embedded with a magnetic plate, and the magnetic plate is arranged on one side of the barrel wall plate. Electromagnets are embedded on both sides of the loading barrel, and the magnetic plate is arranged on one side of the electromagnet.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the pressure component for testing the geomechanical characteristics of landslide rock mass described in the present invention, a rotating disk is provided on the lower surface of the charging barrel, and a transmission rod is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the rotating disk. One end of the transmission rod is socketed with a sliding column, and the lower surface of the transmission rod is slidably connected to the upper surface of the sliding plate.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the pressure component for testing the geomechanical characteristics of landslide rock mass described in the present invention, the lower surface of the rotating disk is fixedly connected to a motor, the lower surface of the motor is fixedly connected to the surface of the test box, and the lower surface of the sliding frame is fitably connected to the test box.

[0015] A pressure testing method for testing the geotechnical characteristics of a landslide rock mass is provided, comprising the following steps: initially, each cutting tool is fitted into the inner wall of a loading barrel, without affecting the downward sliding pressure of a pressure plate along the inner wall of the loading barrel; a top post on the lower surface of a bottom plate abuts against an upper surface of a sliding ramp, so that each bottom plate is in a horizontal state; a gear at the top end of a barrel wall plate is meshed with one end of a sliding rack; the barrel wall plate is wrapped around the loading barrel in a closed state; and a cylinder drives the pressure plate to be retracted;

[0016] The staff put the rock and soil to be tested into the top of the loading barrel, and the output of the cylinder drives the pressure plate down, so that the pressure plate squeezes the rock and soil along the barrel wall and the inner wall of the loading barrel. The rock and soil in arid areas are often dry, with large pores, low water resistance, and easy collapse when exposed to water. As a whole, they are relatively fragile rock and soil. After being squeezed by the pressure plate, the rock and soil will be deformed in the loading barrel and the barrel wall.

[0017] When the pressure detection is completed, the pressure plate driven by the output of the cylinder is lifted and slid upward along the inner wall of the charging barrel and the barrel wall plate, and the cutting tool that fits around the charging barrel is driven to slide through the transmission of the opening component. By pulling the sliding column, the directional block slides along the directional column toward one end of the limit baffle, and the sliding column slides along the chamfered groove between the limit baffles on both sides, gradually pushing the limit baffles on both sides to both sides. When the limit baffles on both sides expand to both sides, the extrusion plate on the lower surface of the limit baffle will slide to one side to squeeze the folding spring, and the folding spring drives the cutting tool to slide between the limit baffles to cut the rock and soil in the charging barrel, so that the rock and soil in the charging barrel is divided into three parts by the surrounding cutting tools;

[0018] At the same time, the sliding column will also drive the sliding plate at the bottom to slide along the sliding frame, so that the top column originally on the upper surface of the sliding inclined block slides to the long inclined groove on one side, and the bottom end of the top column will first slide down from the upper surface of the sliding inclined block, causing the originally horizontal bottom plate to tilt. As the sliding plate drives the sliding inclined blocks on both sides to continue sliding, the bottom end of the top column will slide along the top block on the long inclined groove, and the top column rises along the inclined surface of the top block. When the top column reaches the back of the top block, the torsion spring will drive the top column to fall rapidly, causing the inclination angle of the bottom plate on the loading barrel to gradually increase while generating vibration. Microcracks are generated inside the rock and soil after the pressure test. The vibration energy causes the particles to slide and reorganize along the cracks, resulting in further expansion of the original large pores, and tension cracks are generated along the original vertical joints, which peel off in blocks and fall into the bottom of the test box.

[0019] Initially, all the barrel wall plates on the loading barrel are in a closed state, the front end of the sliding rack is in meshing state with the gears on both sides, and the sliding plate is at the end of the sliding frame away from the motor;

[0020] The output end of the motor drives the rotating disk to rotate, and the transmission rods on the rotating disk pull the surrounding sliding plates to move on the sliding frame. The sliding blocks on the lower surface of the sliding plates slide along the sliding frame, so that the sliding plates drive the cutting tools above to slide toward one end of the motor.

[0021] Each cutting tool is moved out from the inner wall of the loading barrel to cut the rock and soil in the loading barrel. During this process, the sliding rack passes between the two barrel wall plates. When the sliding rack slides along the loading barrel, it drives the meshing gears on both sides to rotate at the same time, driving the barrel wall plates on both sides of the sliding rack to rotate on the loading barrel, so that the barrel wall plates rotate open along the loading barrel.

[0022] One side of the open barrel wall panel will conflict with one side of the loading barrel. At the same time, the sliding rack has passed through the gears on both sides and is no longer engaged with the gears on both sides. The magnetic plate embedded in one side of the open barrel wall panel will be adsorbed by the electromagnets embedded on both sides of the loading barrel, so that each open barrel wall panel on the charging barrel is limited to prevent each barrel wall panel from shaking on the loading barrel. When the output end of the motor drives the rotating disk to rotate in the opposite direction, the steps are opposite. The cutting tool drives the sliding rack at the top to expand and slide from the center of the circle to the periphery. The rear end of the sliding rack will first contact the gears on both sides, and then the sliding rack drives the gears engaged on both sides to rotate, so that the barrel wall panels on both sides rotate to drive the magnetic plate to break away from the adsorption of the electromagnet, so that each barrel wall panel rotates and closes.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. By pulling the sliding column, the directional block slides along the directional column toward one end of the limit baffle. The sliding column slides along the chamfered groove between the limit baffles on both sides, gradually pushing the limit baffles on both sides to both sides. The cutting tool at the top of the sliding column cuts the rock and soil in the loading bucket, so that the rock and soil in the loading bucket is divided into three parts by the surrounding cutting tools. Side cutting can more efficiently break down the compacted rock and soil into small pieces, which is convenient for subsequent unloading processing.

[0025] 2. When the sliding plate drives the sliding oblique blocks on both sides to continue sliding, the bottom end of the top column will slide along the top block on the long inclined groove, and the top column will rise along the inclined surface of the top block. When the top column reaches the back of the top block, the torsion spring will drive the top column to fall quickly, causing the bottom plate to gradually increase its inclination angle on the loading barrel and generate vibration, which can effectively loosen and cause the rock and soil to slide out of the barrel, reducing the workload of manual cleaning and improving the overall cleaning efficiency.

[0026] 3. The sliding rack will pass through the middle of the two barrel wall panels. When the sliding rack slides along the loading barrel, it drives the meshing gears on both sides to rotate at the same time, driving the barrel wall panels on both sides of the sliding rack to rotate on the loading barrel, so that the barrel wall panels rotate open along the loading barrel. The symmetrical rotation and opening design can quickly unload rock and soil, reduce operation time and labor costs, and thus improve overall work efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort.

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the detection and discharging mechanism of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the barrel wall plate of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sliding rack of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure at the enlarged point A in the middle;

[0033] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cutting tool of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom plate of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure at the enlarged point B in the middle;

[0036] Figure 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the transmission rod of the present invention.

[0037] In the figure: 100, test box; 101, charging barrel; 102, cylinder; 103, pressure plate; 200, detection and discharge mechanism; 201, cutting tool; 202, bottom plate; 203, barrel wall plate; 204, sliding column; 205, directional block; 206, directional column; 207, sliding plate; 208, sliding oblique block; 209, top block; 210, top column; 211, sliding block; 212, sliding frame; 213, limit baffle; 214, extrusion plate; 215, folding spring; 216, sliding rack; 217, gear; 218, magnetic plate; 219, electromagnet; 220, rotating disk; 221, transmission rod; 222, motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] Reference Figure 1-Figure 3 and Figure 6 , which is the first embodiment of the present invention, provides a pressure assembly for testing the geotechnical characteristics of a landslide rock mass, including a test box 100, a charging barrel 101 fixedly mounted on the test box 100, a cylinder 102 fixedly connected to the test box 100, a pressure plate 103 fixedly mounted at the output of the cylinder 102, and a detection and discharge mechanism 200 provided in the charging barrel 101;

[0042] The detection and discharge mechanism 200 includes a cutting tool 201 and a bottom plate 202 connected to the charging barrel 101 by a torsion spring. A barrel wall plate 203 is provided on one side of the test box 100. The cutting tool 201 is slidably connected in the charging barrel 101. A tilting component is provided between the cutting tool 201 and the bottom plate 202 to accelerate the falling of the rock and soil in the charging barrel 101. An opening component is provided between the cutting tool 201 and the barrel wall plate 203 to reduce the friction between the rock and soil and the equipment.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] Reference Figures 1-6 , which is the second embodiment of the present invention, provides a pressure component for testing the geotechnical characteristics of landslide rock mass, the tilting component includes a sliding column 204, the sliding column 204 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the cutting tool 201, the sliding column 204 is fixedly connected to the directional block 205, the loading barrel 101 is fixedly connected to the directional column 206, the directional block 205 is slidably connected to the directional column 206, the cutting tool 201, the bottom plate 202, and the barrel wall plate 203 are all in three groups, all of which are arranged around the loading barrel 101.

[0045] The bottom end of the sliding column 204 is fixedly connected to the sliding plate 207, and both sides of the sliding plate 207 are fixedly connected to the sliding bevel blocks 208, and the sliding bevel blocks 208 are fixedly connected to the top blocks 209. Both ends of the bottom plate 202 are fixedly connected to the top columns 210. A bevel groove is opened on one side of the sliding bevel block 208, and the distance of the bevel groove is long. Top blocks 209 are evenly arranged on the long bevel groove, and the size of the top blocks 209 gradually decreases along the bevel.

[0046] The bottom end of the top column 210 is set on the upper surface of the sliding inclined block 208, and the lower surface of the sliding plate 207 is fixedly connected to the sliding block 211. The sliding frame 212 is fixedly connected to the test box 100, and the sliding block 211 is slidably connected in the sliding frame 212. The limiting baffles 213 are symmetrically arranged on the loading barrel 101. The number of the limiting baffles 213, the sliding frame 212 and the sliding block 211 are also three groups. One end of the limiting baffle 213 is symmetrically opened with a chamfered groove to facilitate the sliding column 204 to slide into the symmetrical limiting baffle 213.

[0047] The lower surface of the limiting baffle 213 is fixedly connected with an extrusion plate 214, and a folding spring 215 is fixedly installed on one side of the extrusion plate 214. One side of the folding spring 215 is fixedly installed with one side of the charging barrel 101, and one side of the charging barrel 101 is slidingly connected with the bottom plate 202. The folding spring 215 is arranged between the extrusion plate 214 and the charging barrel 101, and a through groove is opened in the charging barrel 101 below the limiting baffle 213.

[0048] Specifically, initially, each cutting blade 201 is fitted into the inner wall of the charging barrel 101, and does not affect the pressure plate 103 from sliding down along the inner wall of the charging barrel 101. The top column 210 on the lower surface of the bottom plate 202 contacts the upper surface of the sliding bevel 208, so that each bottom plate 202 is in a horizontal state. The gear 217 on the top of the barrel wall plate 203 is engaged with one end of the sliding rack 216. The barrel wall plate 203 is wrapped around the charging barrel 101 in a closed state, and the cylinder 102 drives the pressure plate 103 to be retracted.

[0049] The staff puts the rock and soil to be tested into the top of the loading barrel 101, and drives the pressure plate 103 downward through the output of the cylinder 102, so that the pressure plate 103 squeezes the rock and soil downward along the barrel wall 203 and the inner wall of the loading barrel 101. The rock and soil in arid areas is often dry, with large pores, low water resistance, and easy collapse when exposed to water. It is a relatively fragile rock and soil type as a whole. After being squeezed by the pressure plate 103, the rock and soil will be deformed in the loading barrel 101 and the barrel wall 203.

[0050] When the pressure detection is completed, the pressure plate 103 is driven by the output of the cylinder 102 to lift and slide upward along the inner wall of the charging barrel 101 and the barrel wall plate 203, and the cutting tool 201 that fits around the charging barrel 101 is driven to slide through the transmission of the opening component. By pulling the sliding column 204, the directional block 205 slides along the directional column 206 toward one end of the limit baffle 213, and the sliding column 204 slides along the chamfered groove between the limit baffles 213 on both sides, gradually pushing the limit baffles 213 on both sides to both sides. When the limit baffles 213 on both sides expand to both sides, the squeezing plate 214 on the lower surface of the limit baffle 213 will slide to one side to squeeze the folding spring 215, and the folding spring 215 drives the cutting tool 201 to slide between the limit baffles 213, and the cutting tool 201 cuts the rock and soil in the charging barrel 101, so that the rock and soil in the charging barrel 101 is divided into three parts by the surrounding cutting tools 201;

[0051] At the same time, the sliding column 204 will also drive the sliding plate 207 at the bottom to slide along the sliding frame 212, so that the top column 210 originally on the upper surface of the sliding inclined block 208 slides toward the long inclined groove on one side, and the bottom end of the top column 210 will first slide down from the upper surface of the sliding inclined block 208, causing the originally horizontal bottom plate 202 to tilt. As the sliding plate 207 drives the sliding inclined blocks 208 on both sides to continue sliding, the bottom end of the top column 210 will slide along the top block 209 on the long inclined groove. The top column 210 rises along the inclined surface of the top block 209. When the top column 210 reaches the back of the top block 209, the torsion spring drives the top column 210 to fall rapidly, causing the bottom plate 202 to gradually increase its inclination angle on the charging barrel 101 and vibrate. Microcracks are generated inside the rock and soil after the pressure test. The vibration energy causes the particles to slide and reorganize along the cracks, causing the original large pores to further expand, and tensile cracks are generated along the original vertical joints, which peel off in blocks and fall into the bottom of the test box 100.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] Reference Figure 6-Figure 8 , which is the third embodiment of the present invention, provides a pressure component for testing the geotechnical characteristics of landslide rock mass, the open component includes a sliding rack 216, the top of the cutting tool 201 is fixedly connected to the sliding rack 216, the sliding rack 216 is slidably connected to the loading barrel 101, the top of the barrel wall plate 203 is fixedly connected to the gear 217, and both sides of the sliding rack 216 are meshed with gears 217.

[0054] The surface of the barrel wall plate 203 is embedded with a magnetic plate 218, and the magnetic plate 218 is set on one side of the barrel wall plate 203. The two sides of the charging barrel 101 are embedded with an electromagnet 219, and the magnetic plate 218 is set on one side of the electromagnet 219.

[0055] A rotating disk 220 is provided on the lower surface of the charging barrel 101, and a transmission rod 221 is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the rotating disk 220. One end of the transmission rod 221 is sleeved with the sliding column 204, and the lower surface of the transmission rod 221 is slidably connected to the upper surface of the sliding plate 207.

[0056] The lower surface of the rotating disk 220 is fixedly connected to a motor 222 . The lower surface of the motor 222 is fixedly connected to the surface of the test box 100 . The lower surface of the sliding frame 212 is fixedly connected to the test box 100 .

[0057] Specifically, initially, each barrel wall plate 203 on the loading barrel 101 is in a closed state, the front end of the sliding rack 216 is in meshing state with the gears 217 on both sides, and the sliding plate 207 is at the end of the sliding frame 212 away from the motor 222;

[0058] The output end of the motor 222 drives the rotating disk 220 to rotate, and the transmission rods 221 on the rotating disk 220 pull the surrounding sliding plates 207 to move on the sliding frame 212. The sliding block 211 on the lower surface of the sliding plate 207 slides along the sliding frame 212, so that the sliding plate 207 drives the cutting tool 201 above to slide toward the end of the motor 222.

[0059] Each cutting tool 201 is moved out from the inner wall of the charging barrel 101 to cut the rock and soil in the charging barrel 101. During this process, the sliding rack 216 passes between the two barrel wall plates 203. When the sliding rack 216 slides along the charging barrel 101, it drives the meshing gears 217 on both sides to rotate simultaneously, driving the barrel wall plates 203 on both sides of the sliding rack 216 to rotate on the charging barrel 101, so that the barrel wall plates 203 rotate and open along the charging barrel 101.

[0060] One side of the open barrel wall plate 203 will conflict with one side of the charging barrel 101. At the same time, the sliding rack 216 has passed through the gears 217 on both sides and is no longer engaged with the gears 217 on both sides. The magnetic plate 218 embedded on one side of the open barrel wall plate 203 will be attracted by the electromagnet 219 embedded on both sides of the charging barrel 101, so that each open barrel wall plate 203 on the charging barrel 101 is limited to prevent each barrel wall plate 203 from shaking on the charging barrel 101. When the output end of the machine 222 drives the rotating disk 220 to rotate in the opposite direction, the steps are opposite. The cutting tool 201 drives the sliding rack 216 at the top to expand and slide from the center of the circle to the periphery. The rear end of the sliding rack 216 will first contact the gears 217 on both sides. Then the sliding rack 216 drives the gears 217 engaged on both sides to rotate, causing the barrel wall panels 203 on both sides to rotate and drive the magnetic suction plate 218 to break away from the adsorption of the electromagnet 219, so that each barrel wall panel 203 rotates and closes.

[0061] Example 4

[0062] Reference Figures 1-8 , which is a fourth embodiment of the present invention, provides a pressure testing method for testing the geotechnical mechanical characteristics of a landslide rock mass, comprising the following steps:

[0063] Initially, each cutting tool 201 is fitted into the inner wall of the charging barrel 101, and does not affect the pressure plate 103 from sliding down along the inner wall of the charging barrel 101. The top column 210 on the lower surface of the bottom plate 202 contacts the upper surface of the sliding bevel 208, so that each bottom plate 202 is in a horizontal state. The gear 217 on the top of the barrel wall plate 203 is engaged with one end of the sliding rack 216. The barrel wall plate 203 is wrapped around the charging barrel 101 in a closed state, and the cylinder 102 drives the pressure plate 103 to be retracted.

[0064] The staff puts the rock and soil to be tested into the top of the loading barrel 101, and drives the pressure plate 103 downward through the output of the cylinder 102, so that the pressure plate 103 squeezes the rock and soil downward along the barrel wall 203 and the inner wall of the loading barrel 101. The rock and soil in arid areas is often dry, with large pores, low water resistance, and easy collapse when exposed to water. It is a relatively fragile rock and soil type as a whole. After being squeezed by the pressure plate 103, the rock and soil will be deformed in the loading barrel 101 and the barrel wall 203.

[0065] When the pressure detection is completed, the pressure plate 103 driven by the output of the cylinder 102 is lifted and slid upward along the inner wall of the charging barrel 101 and the barrel wall plate 203, and the cutting tool 201 fitted around the charging barrel 101 is driven to slide through the transmission of the opening component. By pulling the sliding column 204, the directional block 205 slides along the directional column 206 toward one end of the limit baffle 213, and the sliding column 204 slides along the chamfered groove between the limit baffles 213 on both sides, gradually pushing the limit baffles 213 on both sides to both sides. When the limit baffles 213 on both sides expand to both sides, the squeezing plate 214 on the lower surface of the limit baffle 213 will slide to one side to squeeze the folding spring 215, and the folding spring 215 drives the cutting tool 201 to slide between the limit baffles 213, cutting the rock and soil in the charging barrel 101, so that the rock and soil in the charging barrel 101 is divided into three parts by the surrounding cutting tools 201;

[0066] At the same time, the sliding column 204 will also drive the sliding plate 207 at the bottom to slide along the sliding frame 212, so that the top column 210 originally on the upper surface of the sliding inclined block 208 slides toward the long inclined groove on one side, and the bottom end of the top column 210 will first slide down from the upper surface of the sliding inclined block 208, causing the originally horizontal bottom plate 202 to tilt. As the sliding plate 207 drives the sliding inclined blocks 208 on both sides to continue sliding, the bottom end of the top column 210 will slide along the top block 209 on the long inclined groove. The top column 210 rises along the inclined surface of the top block 209. When the top column 210 reaches the back of the top block 209, the torsion spring drives the top column 210 to fall rapidly, causing the bottom plate 202 to gradually increase its inclination angle on the charging barrel 101 and vibrate. Microcracks are generated inside the rock and soil after the pressure test. The vibration energy causes the particles to slide and reorganize along the cracks, causing the original large pores to expand further, and tensile cracks to be generated along the original vertical joints. The blocks peel off and fall into the bottom of the test box 100.

[0067] Initially, all the barrel wall plates 203 on the loading barrel 101 are in a closed state, the front end of the sliding rack 216 is in meshing state with the gears 217 on both sides, and the sliding plate 207 is at the end of the sliding frame 212 away from the motor 222;

[0068] The output end of the motor 222 drives the rotating disk 220 to rotate, and the transmission rods 221 on the rotating disk 220 pull the surrounding sliding plates 207 to move on the sliding frame 212. The sliding block 211 on the lower surface of the sliding plate 207 slides along the sliding frame 212, so that the sliding plate 207 drives the cutting tool 201 above to slide toward the end of the motor 222.

[0069] Each cutting tool 201 is moved out from the inner wall of the charging barrel 101 to cut the rock and soil in the charging barrel 101. During this process, the sliding rack 216 passes between the two barrel wall plates 203. When the sliding rack 216 slides along the charging barrel 101, it drives the meshing gears 217 on both sides to rotate simultaneously, driving the barrel wall plates 203 on both sides of the sliding rack 216 to rotate on the charging barrel 101, so that the barrel wall plates 203 rotate and open along the charging barrel 101.

[0070] One side of the open barrel wall plate 203 will conflict with one side of the charging barrel 101. At the same time, the sliding rack 216 has passed through the gears 217 on both sides and is no longer engaged with the gears 217 on both sides. The magnetic plate 218 embedded on one side of the open barrel wall plate 203 will be attracted by the electromagnet 219 embedded on both sides of the charging barrel 101, so that each open barrel wall plate 203 on the charging barrel 101 is limited to prevent each barrel wall plate 203 from shaking on the charging barrel 101. When the output end of the machine 222 drives the rotating disk 220 to rotate in the opposite direction, the steps are opposite. The cutting tool 201 drives the sliding rack 216 at the top to expand and slide from the center of the circle to the periphery. The rear end of the sliding rack 216 will first contact the gears 217 on both sides. Then the sliding rack 216 drives the gears 217 engaged on both sides to rotate, causing the barrel wall panels 203 on both sides to rotate and drive the magnetic suction plate 218 to break away from the adsorption of the electromagnet 219, so that each barrel wall panel 203 rotates and closes.

[0071] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pressure assembly for testing the geotechnical characteristics of a landslide rock mass, comprising a test box (100), characterized in that: A charging barrel (101) is fixedly mounted on the test box (100), a cylinder (102) is fixedly connected to the test box (100), a pressure plate (103) is fixedly mounted on the output of the cylinder (102), and a detection and discharge mechanism (200) is provided in the charging barrel (101); The detection and discharge mechanism (200) comprises a cutting tool (201) and a bottom plate (202) connected to a charging barrel (101) by a torsion spring; a barrel wall plate (203) is provided on one side of the test box (100); the cutting tool (201) is slidably connected in the charging barrel (101); a tilting component is provided between the cutting tool (201) and the bottom plate (202) for accelerating the falling of rock and soil in the charging barrel (101); and an opening component is provided between the cutting tool (201) and the barrel wall plate (203) for reducing friction between the rock and soil and the equipment.

2. A pressure assembly for testing geotechnical characteristics of landslide rock mass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tilting assembly comprises a sliding column (204), the sliding column (204) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the cutting tool (201), a directional block (205) is fixedly connected to the sliding column (204), the loading barrel (101) is fixedly connected to a directional column (206), and the directional block (205) is slidably connected to the directional column (206).

3. The pressure assembly for testing the geotechnical characteristics of a landslide rock mass according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom end of the sliding column (204) is fixedly connected to a sliding plate (207), both sides of the sliding plate (207) are fixedly connected to sliding inclined blocks (208), and both ends of the sliding inclined blocks (208) are fixedly connected to top blocks (209), and both ends of the bottom plate (202) are fixedly connected to top columns (210).

4. The pressure assembly for testing the geotechnical characteristics of a landslide rock mass according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom end of the top column (210) is arranged on the upper surface of the sliding inclined block (208), the lower surface of the sliding plate (207) is fixedly connected with a sliding block (211), the test box (100) is fixedly connected with a sliding frame (212), the sliding block (211) is slidably connected in the sliding frame (212), and the loading barrel (101) is symmetrically provided with a limit baffle (213).

5. The pressure assembly for testing the geotechnical characteristics of a landslide rock mass according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lower surface of the limiting baffle (213) is fixedly connected to an extrusion plate (214), one side of the extrusion plate (214) is fixedly mounted with a folding spring (215), one side of the folding spring (215) is fixedly mounted to one side of the charging barrel (101), and one side of the charging barrel (101) is slidably connected to the bottom plate (202).

6. The pressure assembly for testing geotechnical characteristics of landslide rock mass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening component includes a sliding rack (216), the top end of the cutting tool (201) is fixedly connected to the sliding rack (216), the sliding rack (216) is slidably connected to the loading barrel (101), the top end of the barrel wall plate (203) is fixedly connected to a gear (217), and both sides of the sliding rack (216) are meshed with gears (217).

7. The pressure assembly for testing geotechnical characteristics of landslide rock mass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the barrel wall plate (203) is embedded with a magnetic plate (218), and the magnetic plate (218) is arranged on one side of the barrel wall plate (203). Both sides of the charging barrel (101) are embedded with an electromagnet (219), and the magnetic plate (218) is arranged on one side of the electromagnet (219).

8. The pressure assembly for testing geotechnical characteristics of landslide rock mass according to claim 3, characterized in that: A rotating disk (220) is provided on the lower surface of the charging barrel (101), and a transmission rod (221) is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the rotating disk (220). One end of the transmission rod (221) is sleeved with the sliding column (204), and the lower surface of the transmission rod (221) is slidably connected to the upper surface of the sliding plate (207).

9. The pressure assembly for testing geotechnical characteristics of landslide rock mass according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lower surface of the rotating disk (220) is fixedly connected to a motor (222), the lower surface of the motor (222) is fixedly connected to the surface of the test box (100), and the lower surface of the sliding frame (212) is fitted and connected to the test box (100).

10. A pressure testing method for testing the geotechnical mechanics characteristics of a landslide rock mass using a pressure component, comprising the pressure testing method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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