Composite agent for preventing and treating rice blast

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite agent for preventing and treating rice blast, and belongs to the technical field of crop sterilization agents. The agent comprises a fungicide, an antiviral agent, a disease and pest resistant agent and a compound microbial agent according to a mass ratio. Wherein the fungicide is mainly formed by mixing iprodione, spinosad and cyprodinil, the antiviral agent is formed by mixing glucosamine, ribonuclease and beta-carotene, the disease and pest resistant agent is formed by mixing glyphosate and glufosinate-ammonium, and the compound microbial agent is formed by compounding beauveria bassiana and beauveria bassiana. Through reasonable matching of the components, the synergistic effect is achieved, the resistance of the components is reduced, and the pesticide effect is improved. In addition, the composite agent not only can effectively control the occurrence of rice blast, but also can improve the resistance of plants to the rice blast by enhancing the stress resistance and immune function of the plants, thereby achieving the purpose of prevention and treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of crop fungicides, and in particular relates to a composite agent for preventing and controlling rice blast. Background Art

[0002] With the modernization of agricultural production, efficient and environmentally friendly agricultural production methods are gaining increasing attention. As a major food crop, rice yield and quality are crucial for national food security and socioeconomic development. However, rice blast, a common and devastating disease in rice production, causes significant losses to agricultural production. Therefore, research and development of effective methods for controlling rice blast are crucial for increasing rice yields, ensuring national food security, and achieving sustainable agricultural development.

[0003] Traditional methods for controlling rice blast mainly include chemical, biological, and physical control. Chemical control is currently the most widely used method. Its main advantages are rapid results and high efficacy, which can quickly reduce the incidence of rice blast in the field. However, chemical control also has certain limitations, such as the potential for the development of pesticide resistance with long-term use, environmental pollution, and agricultural product residues. Therefore, finding more environmentally friendly and safer methods for controlling rice blast has become a hot topic and a challenge in current research.

[0004] In recent years, significant progress has been made in developing new pesticides and plant protection agents through biotechnology. Biological control methods offer advantages such as low toxicity, environmental friendliness, and resistance to pesticides. However, difficulties in preparing pathogens and screening for bioactive components have limited their application. To overcome these challenges, it is crucial to combine chemical and biological control to develop a highly effective and environmentally friendly combination agent for controlling rice blast. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a composite agent for controlling rice blast, which combines chemical control agents and biological control agents to give full play to their respective advantages, achieve effective control of rice blast, increase rice yield, ensure national food security, and reduce the pressure of chemical control on the environment.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] Technical purpose 1: A composite agent for preventing and controlling rice blast, comprising the following components by mass: 4-6 parts of a fungicide, 3-5 parts of an antiviral agent, 1-3 parts of an anti-disease and pest control agent, and 0.3-0.7 parts of a composite microbial agent.

[0008] Furthermore, the fungicide is a mixture of iprodione, spinosad and pyrimethanil; the mass ratio of iprodione, spinosad and pyrimethanil is 1:(0.3-0.5):0.8.

[0009] Furthermore, the antiviral agent is a mixture of glucosamine, ribonuclease and beta-carotene; the mass ratio of the glucosamine, ribonuclease and beta-carotene is 0.2:1:(0.1-0.5).

[0010] Furthermore, the pest control agent is a mixture of glyphosate and glufosinate ammonium; the mass ratio of glyphosate to glufosinate ammonium is 1:1.

[0011] Furthermore, the composite microbial agent is composed of Beauveria bassiana and Beauveria bassiana; the mass ratio of Beauveria bassiana to Beauveria bassiana is (0.1-1): (2-3).

[0012] Technical purpose 2: A method for preparing a composite agent for controlling rice blast, comprising the following steps: weighing raw materials according to mass, first mixing the fungicide, antiviral agent and anti-pesticide, and then adding the composite microbial agent and continuing to mix.

[0013] Technical purpose three: Application of a composite agent for controlling rice blast in controlling rice blast.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0015] The present invention provides a composite agent for controlling rice blast, comprising four components: a fungicide, an antiviral agent, an anti-pesticide, and a composite microbial agent. The fungicide is primarily a mixture of iprodione, spinosad, and pyrimethanil; the antiviral agent is a mixture of glucosamine, ribonuclease, and β-carotene; the anti-pesticide is a mixture of glyphosate and glufosinate; and the composite microbial agent is a composite of Beauveria bassiana and Beauveria bassiana. Through a synergistic effect, the agent effectively controls rice blast, reduces the use of chemical pesticides, and enhances plant stress resistance. The composite agent is simple to prepare, requiring only a proportionate mixture of the four components and the addition of the composite microbial agent.

[0016] The present invention utilizes the active ingredients and biological activity of the composite microbial agent to enhance the inhibitory effect on pathogenic microorganisms, reduce pesticide usage, and mitigate environmental impact. Furthermore, due to the synergistic effect between the various components, the efficacy can be further improved, achieving a more efficient control effect.

[0017] The composite agent for preventing and controlling rice blast provided by the present invention can significantly improve the prevention and control effect of rice blast, reduce agricultural production costs, protect the ecological environment, and has important economic and social significance. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as limiting the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0019] It should be understood that the terms described herein are intended only to describe particular embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for numerical ranges herein, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Each smaller range between any intermediate value within a stated value or stated range and any other stated value or intermediate value within the stated range is also encompassed by the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded within the scope.

[0020] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with the documents. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated document, the contents of this specification shall prevail.

[0021] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the specific embodiments described herein without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the description of the invention. The description and examples are intended to be illustrative only.

[0022] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in this document are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0023] A composite agent for preventing and controlling rice blast comprises the following components by weight: 4-6 parts of a fungicide, 3-5 parts of an antiviral agent, 1-3 parts of an anti-disease and insect pest agent, and 0.3-0.7 parts of a composite microbial agent.

[0024] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the fungicide is a mixture of isoprodinil, spinosad and pyrimidine. Isofengazole is mainly used to prevent and control diseases caused by ascomycetes (such as rice blast fungi) and has the activity of inhibiting the growth of pathogens. Polyfungicide is a type of broad-spectrum fungicide that can combat a variety of bacterial diseases, including rice blast caused by bacteria. Pyrimidine has antiviral properties and can resist rice blast caused by viruses. Isoprodinil, spinosad and pyrimidine target different types of pathogens respectively. Their combined use can cover a wider range of prevention and control, and there is a certain degree of synergy between the three pesticides, which can improve each other's effectiveness and reduce their respective resistance. Compared with the use of a single pesticide, the composite formulation can achieve better prevention and control effects while maintaining lower toxicity. In order to maximize the synergistic effect, the present invention limits the mass ratio of iprodione, spinosad and pyrimethanil to 1:(0.3-0.5):0.8, preferably 1:0.4:0.8.

[0025] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the antiviral agent is a mixture of glucosamine, ribonuclease and β-carotene. Glucosamine is an endogenous plant hormone that can play a role in regulating the growth and development of plants when they are subjected to various biological and abiotic stresses. Within a certain concentration range, glucosamine can improve the stress resistance of plants, thereby helping to prevent and control diseases. Ribonuclease (RNAase) is a biological macromolecular catalyst that can cut the mRNA chain during transcription, resulting in obstruction of genetic information transmission and thus affecting protein synthesis. This enzyme is believed to be able to act as a biological pesticide, interfering with the gene expression of pathogenic microorganisms, thereby inhibiting their growth and reproduction. β-carotene is a natural pigment that is mainly found in root vegetables such as carrots. It plays an auxiliary role as photosynthetic pigment in plants and is also an antioxidant that can scavenge free radicals and protect cells from oxidative damage. An appropriate amount of β-carotene can resist diseases by enhancing the immune function of plants. When glucosamine, ribonuclease, and beta-carotene are mixed, glucosamine can improve plant resistance to rice blast by enhancing stress tolerance and immunity; ribonuclease may inhibit the growth and reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms by interfering with their gene expression; and beta-carotene can enhance plant resistance to adversity through antioxidant and immune enhancement. The three complement each other, collectively improving the control of rice blast. To maximize this complementary effect, the present invention limits the mass ratio of glucosamine, ribonuclease, and beta-carotene to 0.2:1:(0.1-0.5), preferably 0.2:1:0.3, and the mass concentration of the glucosamine is 5%.

[0026] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the pest control agent is a mixture of glyphosate and glufosinate. Glyphosate is a broad-spectrum herbicide with excellent weed control against most types of weeds. Glufosinate, on the other hand, is a selective herbicide that only kills herbaceous plants in non-target crops without affecting rice growth. Combining these two herbicides can leverage their synergistic effects, effectively eliminating weeds in rice fields in a short period of time while avoiding the problem of glufosinate-resistant weeds. This combined herbicide not only improves weed control efficiency but also slows the development of glufosinate resistance. To achieve optimal results, the present invention limits the mass ratio of glyphosate to glufosinate to 1:1.

[0027] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the composite microbial agent is composed of Beauverdia bassiana and Beauverdia morrisii. Beauverdia bassiana is a commonly used biocontrol fungus that kills pathogens primarily by destroying their cell walls. Beauverdia morrisii, on the other hand, is another biological agent from the genus Beauveria, with even greater lethality. The combination of these two biological agents can effectively prevent and control rice blast disease because Beauverdia bassiana and Beauverdia morrisii can compete with the rice blast fungus for nutrients and growth space on rice plants, reducing the pathogen's ability to survive and reproduce. When Beauverdia bassiana and Beauverdia morrisii coexist on the same plant, a competitive parasitic relationship can develop between them, inhibiting the growth of the rice blast fungus. Substances such as β-glycanase secreted by Beauverdia bassiana and Beauverdia morrisii can disrupt the synthesis of the rice blast fungus's cell wall, causing uneven degradation of the cell wall and ultimately leading to cell death. This mechanism plays a key role in preventing the formation of the rice blast fungus's cell wall. When plants are infected by Beauveria bassiana and Beauveria bassiana, the plant's immune system is activated, triggering the plant's own production of disease-resistant hormones, proteins, and other substances to resist the pathogens. These substances can, to a certain extent, enhance the plant's stress resistance and reduce the incidence of rice blast. In short, Beauveria bassiana and Beauveria bassiana interfere with and inhibit the growth and development of rice blast fungi in various ways, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing and controlling rice blast. To achieve optimal results, the present invention limits the mass ratio of Beauveria bassiana to Beauveria bassiana to (0.1-1): (2-3), preferably 0.5:2.5.

[0028] The preparation method of the composite agent for preventing and controlling rice blast comprises the following steps: weighing raw materials according to mass, firstly mixing the fungicide, antiviral agent and anti-disease and insect pest agent, and then adding the composite microbial agent and continuing to mix.

[0029] Application of the composite agent for preventing and controlling rice blast in preventing and controlling rice blast.

[0030] The "parts" described in the present invention, unless otherwise specified, refer to parts by mass.

[0031] The raw materials used in the present invention were all purchased from the market. Beauveria bassiana and Beauveria bassiana were purchased from Jiangxi Tianren Ecological Co., Ltd.

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following examples.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] A composite agent for preventing and controlling rice blast comprises the following components by weight: 5 parts of a fungicide, 4 parts of an antiviral agent, 2 parts of an anti-disease and insect pest agent, and 0.5 parts of a composite microbial agent.

[0035] in:

[0036] 1) The fungicide is prepared by mixing iprodione, spinosad, and pyrimethanil in a mass ratio of 1:0.4:0.8;

[0037] 2) The antiviral agent is prepared by mixing glucosamine, ribonuclease, and beta-carotene in a mass ratio of 0.2:1:0.3;

[0038] 3) The pest control agent is a mixture of glyphosate and glufosinate in a mass ratio of 1:1;

[0039] 4) The composite microbial agent is composed of Beauveria bassiana and Beauveria bassiana in a mass ratio of 0.5:2.5.

[0040] Preparation of compound agent for controlling rice blast:

[0041] Weigh the raw materials according to the above mass, first mix the fungicide, antiviral agent and anti-pesticide, then add the composite microbial agent and continue mixing.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] A composite agent for preventing and controlling rice blast comprises the following components in parts by mass: 4 parts of a fungicide, 5 parts of an antiviral agent, 1 part of an anti-disease and insect pest agent, and 0.7 parts of a composite microbial agent.

[0044] in:

[0045] 1) The fungicide is prepared by mixing iprodione, spinosad, and pyrimethanil in a mass ratio of 1:0.3:0.8;

[0046] 2) The antiviral agent is prepared by mixing glucosamine, ribonuclease, and beta-carotene in a mass ratio of 0.2:1:0.5;

[0047] 3) The pest control agent is a mixture of glyphosate and glufosinate in a mass ratio of 1:1;

[0048] 4) The composite microbial agent is composed of Beauveria bassiana and Beauveria bassiana in a mass ratio of 0.1:3.

[0049] The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1.

[0050] Example 3

[0051] A composite agent for preventing and controlling rice blast comprises the following components in parts by mass: 6 parts of a fungicide, 3 parts of an antiviral agent, 3 parts of an anti-disease and insect pest agent, and 0.3 parts of a composite microbial agent.

[0052] in:

[0053] 1) The fungicide is prepared by mixing iprodione, spinosad, and pyrimethanil in a mass ratio of 1:0.4:0.8;

[0054] 2) The antiviral agent is prepared by mixing glucosamine, ribonuclease, and beta-carotene in a mass ratio of 0.2:1:0.1;

[0055] 3) The pest control agent is a mixture of glyphosate and glufosinate in a mass ratio of 1:1;

[0056] 4) The composite microbial agent is composed of Beauveria bassiana and Beauveria bassiana in a mass ratio of 1:2.

[0057] The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1.

[0058] Comparative Example 1

[0059] The same as Example 1, except that the fungicide is replaced by a mixture of iprodione, spinosad, pyrimethanil and triadimefon, that is, the fungicide is prepared by mixing iprodione, spinosad, pyrimethanil and triadimefon in a mass ratio of 1:0.4:0.8:1.

[0060] Comparative Example 2

[0061] The same as Example 1, except that the antiviral agent is replaced by acrylamide and paclitaxel, that is, the antiviral agent is prepared by mixing acrylamide and paclitaxel in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0062] Comparative Example 3

[0063] The same as Example 1, except that the anti-pesticide is replaced by sulfopidazole and oxydemeton-methyl, that is, the anti-pesticide is prepared by mixing sulfopidazole and oxydemeton-methyl in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0064] Comparative Example 4

[0065] The same as Example 1, except that the composite microbial agent is replaced by Beauveria bassiana and Bacillus subtilis, that is, the composite microbial agent is composed of Beauveria bassiana and Bacillus subtilis in a mass ratio of 1:2.

[0066] Effect verification:

[0067] 1. Test method:

[0068] A rice field in Nanchang City, with an area of ​​5hm 2 , divided into zones, each zone has an area of ​​40m 2 , barriers are built between communities to isolate them.

[0069] 2. Test agent:

[0070] The composite agent for controlling rice blast in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4 of the present invention and 20% of blastifungin were diluted 1000 times with water, and water was set as a blank control group (CK) and 25% of blastifungin was set as a positive control group. At the early stage of the disease, the leaves were sprayed with a conventional manual sprayer at a rate of 50 g / hm2. 2 .

[0071] 3. Survey Methods:

[0072] Each plot was sampled at 5 points, with 50 plants surveyed at each point. Each plant was surveyed from the first leaf and the two leaves below. The disease classification standards were as follows:

[0073] Level 0: no disease;

[0074] Level 1: There are less than 5 leaf spots, and the length is less than 1 cm;

[0075] Level 3: 6-10 lesions on leaves, some of which are larger than 1 cm in length;

[0076] Level 5: There are 11-25 lesions on the leaves, some of which are connected into patches, covering 10%-25% of the leaf area;

[0077] Level 7: There are more than 26 lesions on the leaves, which are connected into patches and occupy 26%-50% of the leaf area;

[0078] Level 9: The lesions are connected into patches, occupying more than 50% of the leaf area or the entire leaf is dead.

[0079] 4. Survey duration and frequency

[0080] The disease index was investigated before the first spraying, and spraying was carried out twice with an interval of 7 days. The control effect was investigated 14 days after the second spraying. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0081] Disease index = ∑ (number of diseased leaves at each level × relative level value) / (total number of leaves surveyed × 9) × 100%

[0082] Preventive effect = [1 - (disease index of blank control area before treatment × disease index of treated area after treatment) / (disease index of blank control area after treatment × disease index of treated area before treatment)] × 100%.

[0083] Table 1 Control effects of different treatments on rice blast

[0084]

[0085]

[0086] As can be seen from Table 1, after applying the composite agents of Examples 1-3 of the present invention, the disease index of rice blast disease was significantly reduced, and the control efficacy reached over 98%. Comparative Example 1, compared with Example 1, although the type of fungicide was increased, the control efficacy was not effectively improved, but rather decreased. This shows that the choice of fungicide is not a simple summation of effects, but also requires consideration of the interaction between them. Comparative Example 2, compared with Example 1, replaced the antiviral agent. As can be clearly seen from the effect data, the disease index was slightly improved, while the control efficacy decreased. Comparative Example 3, compared with Example 1, replaced the pest control agent with fluopimelon and oxydemeton-methyl. However, due to the mutual influence of the efficacy of the two agents, the control efficacy was reduced, and even the overall effect of the combination with other agents was affected. Therefore, the control efficacy decreased significantly, and the index increased significantly. Similarly, Comparative Example 4, compared with Example 1, replaced the composite microbial agent with Beauveria bassiana and Bacillus. However, due to the mutual antagonism between Beauveria bassiana and Bacillus, the control performance of each agent decreased, even affecting the effectiveness of the entire composite agent. It is obvious from comparative examples 1-4 that the selection of agents should not only consider their own efficacy, but also the interaction between the agents. The composite agents prepared by examples 1-3 of the present invention complement each other, the composite microbial agent has a small application amount and a good control effect.

[0087] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A composite agent for controlling rice blast, characterized in that: The composition comprises the following components in parts by mass: 4-6 parts of fungicide, 3-5 parts of antiviral agent, 1-3 parts of anti-disease and insect pest agent and 0.3-0.7 parts of composite microbial agent.

2. The composite agent for controlling rice blast according to claim 1, characterized in that The fungicide is prepared by mixing iprodione, spinosad and pyrimethanil; the mass ratio of iprodione, spinosad and pyrimethanil is 1:(0.3-0.5):0.

8.

3. The composite agent for controlling rice blast according to claim 1, characterized in that The antiviral agent is prepared by mixing glucosamine, ribonuclease and beta-carotene; the mass ratio of the glucosamine, ribonuclease and beta-carotene is 0.2:1:(0.1-0.5).

4. The composite agent for controlling rice blast according to claim 1, characterized in that The anti-disease and insect pest agent is a mixture of glyphosate and glufosinate ammonium; the mass ratio of the glyphosate to glufosinate ammonium is 1:

1.

5. The composite agent for controlling rice blast according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite microbial agent is composed of Beauveria bassiana and Beauveria bassiana; the mass ratio of Beauveria bassiana to Beauveria bassiana is (0.1-1): (2-3).

6. A method for preparing the composite agent for controlling rice blast according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: weighing raw materials according to mass, firstly mixing the fungicide, antiviral agent and anti-disease and insect pest agent, and then adding the composite microbial agent and continuing to mix.

7. Use of the composite agent for controlling rice blast according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in controlling rice blast.

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