Overlapped subway station side wall splicing seam waterproof structure and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fabricated structure waterproofing, and particularly discloses a laminated subway station side wall splicing seam waterproof structure and a construction method thereof.The waterproof structure comprises stepped connecting parts which are arranged on an upper side wall and a lower side wall and matched with each other; the upper side wall and the lower side wall are spliced through a connecting part and form a step-shaped splicing seam; the waterproof material is filled in the splicing seam; the water stop baffles are arranged in the upper side wall and the lower side wall and can separate the splicing seams; the waterproof coiled material is integrally laid on one side of the upper side wall and one side of the lower side wall; the inflation sealing body, the superfine cement, the compression sealing body and the polyurethane sealant are sequentially filled in the splicing seam. Through the combination of various waterproof structures and modes such as the water stop baffle, the waterproof coiled material and the waterproof material, a tight waterproof system is formed, the waterproof effect of combining rigidity and softness and mainly preventing is achieved, the waterproof effect of the side wall splicing seam is effectively improved, and it is guaranteed that the side wall splicing seam is long in service life and efficient in water prevention.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of prefabricated structure waterproofing, and in particular to a waterproof structure for a splicing seam of a superimposed subway station side wall and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization, subway construction is entering a period of rapid development. With the promotion of prefabricated and assembled construction technology, subway station construction has entered a new stage of industrialization. However, the resulting problem of waterproofing component joints has become a new technical difficulty. Side wall joints are particularly critical because they withstand constant groundwater pressure and are significantly affected by temperature deformation and foundation settlement. In prefabricated stations, waterproofing side wall joints faces multiple challenges, including joint deformation, assembly errors, and long-term water pressure.

[0003] In order to address the above problems, it is necessary to propose a waterproof structure for the joints of the side walls of a superimposed subway station and a construction method thereof to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a waterproof structure for the joints of the side walls of a superimposed subway station and a construction method thereof, which can solve the problems of joint deformation, assembly error and long-term water pressure leakage.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a waterproof structure for the joints of a laminated subway station side wall, which adopts the following technical solutions: A waterproof structure for a splicing seam of a superimposed subway station side wall, comprising: Step-shaped connecting portions are respectively provided on the upper side wall and the lower side wall and match each other, and the upper side wall and the lower side wall are spliced ​​together through the connecting portions to form a step-shaped splicing seam; Waterproof material filled in the joint; A water-stop baffle vertically arranged in the upper side wall and the lower side wall and capable of isolating the joint; Waterproof membrane laid integrally on the outer sides of the upper and lower side walls; The inflatable sealant, ultrafine cement, compressed sealant and polyurethane sealant are sequentially filled in the joint seam in the direction away from the waterproof membrane. The inflatable sealant, ultrafine cement, compressed sealant and polyurethane sealant are all arranged along the length direction of the side wall.

[0006] As a further improvement of the above technical solution: The lower side wall includes a lower prefabricated wall and a lower cast wall cast on site on one side of the lower prefabricated wall; The upper side wall includes an upper prefabricated wall and an upper cast wall cast on site on one side of the upper prefabricated wall; Water-swelling water-stopping glue is also filled between the lower prefabricated wall and the lower cast wall, and between the upper prefabricated wall and the upper cast wall.

[0007] As a further improvement of the above technical solution: The waterproof material is a cement-based permeable crystallization waterproof material.

[0008] As a further improvement of the above technical solution: The water stop baffle is a steel plate formed by continuous welding and embedded in the upper cast wall and the lower cast wall.

[0009] As a further improvement of the above technical solution: The upper side wall is further provided with a grouting pipe, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the inside of the joint and the outside of the upper side wall; A protective cap is provided at the end of the grouting pipe exposed outside the upper side wall.

[0010] As a further improvement of the above technical solution: The waterproof roll is provided with multiple layers. The inner layer of waterproof roll near the joint covers the joint, and the outer layer of waterproof roll covers the entire upper side wall and the entire lower side wall at the same time. The waterproof roll is an SBS modified asphalt waterproof roll.

[0011] As a further improvement of the above technical solution: The side of the lower side wall away from the waterproof membrane is also provided with a water retaining sill; The inflatable sealing body is also provided with a water-swelling water-stop strip on one side close to the waterproof coiled material.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a construction method for a waterproof structure of a superimposed subway station side wall joint, which adopts the following technical solutions: A construction method for a waterproof structure of a splicing seam of a superimposed subway station side wall comprises the following steps: Step 1: Cast the lower cast wall in layers on the side of the lower prefabricated wall, and fill the space between the lower prefabricated wall and the lower cast wall with water-swelling waterstop glue; Step 2: Pre-embed the water stop baffle in the lower cast wall along the length of the side wall; Step 3: Ensure that the wet depth of the connection part on the lower side wall is ≥5mm, and apply cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof material on its surface; Step 4: Cast the upper cast wall in layers on the side of the upper prefabricated wall, and fill the space between the upper prefabricated wall and the upper cast wall with water-swelling waterstop glue; Step 5: Lay the waterproof membrane in layers on the outer sides of the upper and lower cast walls; Step 6: Fill the joint with water-expandable waterstop strips, inflatable sealants, ultra-fine cement, compression sealants, and polyurethane sealant in the direction away from the waterproof membrane; Step 7: Fill the internal gap of the joint with nitrogen-oxygen cement slurry through the grouting pipe, and then inject grouting maintenance into the joint through the grouting pipe.

[0013] As a further improvement of the above technical solution: Filling the water-swellable waterstop strip in step 6 includes the following steps: A filling groove matching the water-expanding waterstop strip is provided in the joint between the upper prefabricated wall and the lower prefabricated wall; Apply adhesive to the water-swelling waterstop; Control the installation pressure at 0.1-0.15MPa and stick the water-expanding waterstop strips in sections into the filling groove.

[0014] As a further improvement of the above technical solution: When grouting the joints through the grouting pipe for maintenance, the slurry is prepared with ultra-fine cement and water glass in a weight ratio of 1:0.6.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) Through the cooperation of the water-stop baffle, waterproof membrane and waterproof material in the present invention, a multiple waterproof structure is formed in the side wall casting wall part, and rigidity and flexibility are combined. The rigid water-stop baffle can be waterproof throughout its life cycle, and the rigid structure has good anti-destruction ability, and can also improve the seismic strength of the joints. The waterproof membrane and waterproof material are flexible waterproof structures, which can effectively cover and fill every corner of the joints and adapt to different structural and shape errors, especially when vibrated and damaged, they can adapt to the deformation of the structure and automatically repair. The cooperation of the above rigid and flexible structures constitutes a strict waterproof system, achieving a waterproof effect of "combining rigidity and flexibility, with prevention as the main focus", which not only overcomes the installation difficulties of traditional rubber waterstops in deep foundation pits of subway stations, but also eliminates the risk of shear leakage at the joints, effectively improves the waterproof effect of the side wall joints, and ensures its long life and high efficiency waterproofing. The prefabricated part of the side wall is waterproofed by flexible structures such as water-expanding waterstops, inflatable seals, ultra-fine cement, compression seals and polyurethane sealants. The above structures are combined according to their different characteristics. The flexible structures can achieve continuous deformation under slight deformation and coordinate with small deformation at the same time, so as to better adapt to changes in conditions and effectively prevent the occurrence of chain damage.

[0016] (2) The use of cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof materials in the waterproof system makes up for the lack of adaptability of the traditional waterproof system. It has significant chemical resistance and has certain advantages in construction convenience. The material can be constructed simultaneously with other processes and does not occupy the critical construction period.

[0017] (3) The water-expanding waterstop, grouting pipe and water retaining ridge as auxiliary measures provide better controllability in the later operation and maintenance. While the water retaining ridge effectively blocks the longitudinal deep water path, the water-expanding waterstop can automatically compensate for the deformation of the joint, so that the repeatable grouting system can better maintain the further deformation and leakage of the joint, achieving the design goal of the waterproof system and the main structure having the same lifespan. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of a waterproof structure for a superimposed subway station side wall joint in use according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A local enlarged schematic diagram of point A in the middle.

[0019] In the figure: 1. Waterstop baffle; 2. Waterproof material; 3. Waterproof membrane; 4. Water-swelling waterstop strip; 5. Grouting pipe; 6. Water retaining ridge; 7. Water-swelling waterstop adhesive; 8. Lower cast wall; 9. Upper cast wall; 10. Upper prefabricated wall; 11. Lower prefabricated wall; 12. Prefabricated middle plate; 13. Inflatable seal; 14. Ultrafine cement; 15. Compression seal; 16. Polyurethane sealant. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the existing prefabricated side walls are generally of the upper and lower overlapping type, including an upper side wall and a lower side wall; the lower side wall includes a lower prefabricated wall 11 and a lower cast wall 8 cast on site on one side of the lower prefabricated wall 11; the upper side wall includes an upper prefabricated wall 10 and an upper cast wall 9 cast on site on one side of the upper prefabricated wall 10; the lower prefabricated wall 11 and the upper prefabricated wall 10 are reinforced concrete structures, which are standardized and produced through a unified mold, and the slot position and size are accurate. The various joint waterproofing materials used should have their normal performance. This embodiment provides a waterproof structure for the joints of a laminated subway station side wall, comprising: Stepped connecting portions are provided on the upper side wall and the lower side wall and match each other. The upper side wall and the lower side wall are spliced ​​together through the connecting portions to form a stepped joint. The gap between the joints is controlled within the range of 10±2mm. The waterproof material 2 filled in the joint is preferably a cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof material with a coating amount of 1.5kg / m². The active material can penetrate 30mm into the concrete to form crystals. It has an anti-seepage capacity of 0.8MPa and can repair existing structures with developed microcracks or corrosive groundwater environments. For subway stations, better corrosion resistance is the guarantee for the life of the station. A waterstop 1, vertically installed within the upper and lower side walls and capable of separating the joints, is a continuously welded steel plate matching the length of the side walls, with a thickness of 3mm. This 3mm waterstop forms the first rigid waterproof barrier, providing permanent waterproofing. The welded seams can withstand high water pressure and exhibit excellent resistance to shear deformation. In addition to being suitable for areas with general geological conditions, it is also suitable for soft soil foundations with significant settlement differences (such as alluvial plains) or areas with seismic fortification intensity of 8 or above. The waterproof membrane 3 is laid integrally on one side of the upper side wall and the lower side wall. The waterproof membrane 3 is preferably an SBS modified asphalt waterproof membrane and is provided with multiple layers. The inner layer of waterproof membrane 3 near the joint can cover the joint, and the outer layer of waterproof membrane 3 covers the entire upper side wall and the entire lower side wall at the same time, including at least two layers of waterproof membrane 3 with a thickness of 4mm + 3mm. The integrity is ensured by hot-melt construction, and the hot-melt construction forms an integral waterproof layer with excellent elongation at break. The inflatable sealant 13, ultrafine cement 14, compressed sealant 15 and polyurethane sealant 16 are sequentially filled in the joint in the direction away from the waterproof membrane 3. The inflatable sealant 13, ultrafine cement 14, compressed sealant 15 and polyurethane sealant 16 (ASTM C920 standard), the above materials are arranged along the entire length of the side wall; the outer layer near the upper prefabricated wall 10 and the lower prefabricated wall 11 uses polyurethane sealant 16, which can withstand larger joint displacement and has stronger resistance to ultraviolet aging. The middle layer uses compression sealing strips 15, which have good resistance to compression cycles. EPDM circular compression sealing strips are preferably used, and the inner layer uses inflatable seals 13, which can immediately detect construction quality and temporarily stop sudden leakage. The above-mentioned flexible sealing system can ensure that the side wall does not undergo extreme deformation, has good adaptability to small deformation, and can be reinforced in time, so as to better prevent further deformation of the structure and leakage while releasing stress with small deformation; the joints here need to reserve a certain gap to balance deformation adaptation and sealing requirements. In addition, ultra-fine cement 14 grouting is used to effectively fill micro cracks.

[0022] As a preferred solution, water-swelling water-stopping glue 7 is also filled between the lower prefabricated wall 11 and the lower cast wall 8, and between the upper prefabricated wall 10 and the upper cast wall 9. The upper prefabricated wall 10 is also provided with a grouting pipe 5, which is preferably a PVC pipe. The two ends of the grouting pipe 5 are respectively connected to the inside of the joint and the outside of the upper side wall. A protective cap is provided at the end of the grouting pipe 5. A water retaining sill 6 is also provided on the side of the lower side wall away from the waterproof membrane 3. The water retaining sill 6 is provided at the connection node between the lower side wall and the middle plate 12 to effectively block the longitudinal deep water path; While pouring the prefabricated middle plate 12 and other prefabricated component nodes, pour the high wall ditch retaining sill 6; The water-swelling waterstop glue, grouting pipe and water retaining ridge are used together as auxiliary measures to provide better controllability in later operation and maintenance. While the water retaining ridge effectively blocks the longitudinal deep water path, the water-swelling waterstop glue can automatically compensate for the deformation of the joint, so that the repeatable grouting system can better maintain the further deformation and leakage of the joint, achieving the design goal of the waterproof system and the main structure having the same lifespan.

[0023] The above three are auxiliary measures, which can support multiple groutings throughout the entire life cycle through the grouting pipe 5; the water-swelling waterstop glue 7 generates a contact pressure of 0.6MPa after expansion, which can automatically compensate for the opening of the joint and form a physical water barrier; together with the previous waterproof structure, it constitutes a "rigid and flexible" waterproof system, reflecting the technical and economic concept of "upfront investment for long-term benefits" of modern waterproofing projects.

[0024] The inflatable seal body 13 is also provided with a water-swelling water stop strip 4 on one side close to the waterproof coiled material 3 .

[0025] This embodiment also provides a construction method for the waterproof structure of the joints of the side walls of the composite subway station, comprising the following steps: Step 1: After locating the welding spacing using a total station, perform the first welding of 304 stainless steel to form a waterstop baffle 1 that matches the length of a single side wall. Penetration testing is then performed according to the NB / T47013.5-2015 standard to ensure that the steel has good penetration resistance and is not corroded or damaged during the waterstop service period. Step 2: Cast the lower cast wall 8 in layers on the side of the lower prefabricated wall 11 to form the lower side wall, and fill the water-swelling waterstop 7 between the lower prefabricated wall 11 and the lower cast wall 8; Layered pouring requires controlling the thickness of each layer to ≤500mm, vibrating to ensure that there are no bubbles in the structure to achieve better waterproof performance and stability, and then maintaining on schedule; Step 3: Pre-embed the water-stop baffle 1 in the lower cast wall 8 along the length direction of the side wall for pre-fixation. Multiple sets of side walls can be set according to the station specifications and needs. Each set of side walls includes the waterproof structure of the present application. The water-stop baffles between each set of side walls also need to be welded; and half of the length is reserved to be embedded in the upper cast wall 9 to be cast later; Step 4: Clean the welding slag of the water stop baffle 1 and perform pickling and passivation treatment on the weld; Step 5: Ensure that the wet depth of the connection part on the lower side wall is ≥5mm, and apply the cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof material 2 on its surface; the connection part is the part connecting the lower cast wall 8, the upper cast wall 9 and the prefabricated wall, and needs to be painted twice. The two coats must ensure that the vertical and horizontal cross-coatings are perpendicular to each other, and finally spray curing is carried out within 48 hours for ≥7 days; Step 6: Cast the upper cast wall 9 in layers on the side of the upper prefabricated wall 10 to form the upper side wall, and fill the water-swelling waterstop 7 between the upper prefabricated wall 10 and the upper cast wall 9; Step 7: Lay the waterproof membrane 3 in layers on the outer sides of the upper cast wall 9 and the lower cast wall 8; The waterproofing membrane 3 needs to be R-angle polished, hot-melted twice, and then compacted with a compacting roller. It should be noted that the joints need to be reinforced, and the inner layer of waterproofing membrane is paved as a reinforcement layer. When paving the waterproofing membrane 3, it is necessary to ensure that there are no water drops on the base surface, otherwise it will affect the waterproof performance and service life of the waterproofing membrane 3. Step 8: Fill the joint with the water-swellable waterstop strip 4, the air-filled sealant 13, the ultra-fine cement 14, the compressed sealant 15, and the polyurethane sealant 16 in sequence in the direction away from the waterproof membrane 3; A circular, embedded compression sealant is installed inside the joints. This sealant must fit tightly into the reserved groove to ensure full compression during assembly, forming the first waterproof barrier. The joints are sealed with polyurethane sealant 16. The sealant must evenly fill the gaps and be scraped flat, ensuring a smooth, bubble-free surface to enhance waterproof durability and sealing. A 5mm chamfer is reserved at the joint between the upper prefabricated wall 10 and the lower prefabricated wall 11 for subsequent filling and compaction of the polyurethane sealant 16. The inflatable sealing body 13 is expanded by inflation and pressurization and is tightly fitted with the upper prefabricated wall 10 and the lower prefabricated wall 11, further improving the waterproof effect; During the entire construction process, material quality and node processing must be strictly controlled to ensure that the waterproof layer at the joints is continuous and defect-free, ultimately achieving the reliability and long-term stability of the overall waterproofing of the structure.

[0026] Filling the water-swellable waterstop strip 4 in step 8 includes the following steps: A filling groove matching the water-swelling waterstop strip 4 is opened in the joint between the upper prefabricated wall 10 and the lower prefabricated wall 11; adhesive is applied on the water-swelling waterstop strip 4; the installation pressure is controlled at 0.1-0.15MPa to paste the water-swelling waterstop strip 4 in sections into the filling groove.

[0027] Step 9: Use nitrogen oxide cement slurry to fill the internal gaps of the joints. Before grouting, ensure that other waterproofing and drainage structures are completed. The slurry must be poured full and dense to avoid the risk of hollowing or leakage.

[0028] Nitrogen-oxygen cement slurry is used as the first filling material to initially fill the gaps in the joints. Subsequent maintenance and repair of the side walls are also performed through the grouting pipe. At this time, it is necessary to prepare the nitrogen-oxygen cement slurry by mixing ultrafine cement 14 and water glass in a weight ratio of about 1:0.6 to ensure normal repair function. The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For those skilled in the art, improvements and modifications obtained without departing from the technical concept of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waterproof structure for the joints of the side walls of a superimposed subway station, characterized in that: include: Step-shaped connecting portions are respectively provided on the upper side wall and the lower side wall and match each other, and the upper side wall and the lower side wall are spliced ​​together through the connecting portions to form a step-shaped splicing seam; Waterproof material filled in the joint; A water-stop baffle vertically arranged in the upper side wall and the lower side wall and capable of isolating the joint; Waterproof membrane laid integrally on the outer sides of the upper and lower side walls; The inflatable sealant, ultrafine cement, compressed sealant and polyurethane sealant are sequentially filled in the joint seam in the direction away from the waterproof membrane. The inflatable sealant, ultrafine cement, compressed sealant and polyurethane sealant are all arranged along the length direction of the side wall.

2. The waterproof structure for the joints of the side walls of a superimposed subway station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower side wall includes a lower prefabricated wall and a lower cast wall cast on site on one side of the lower prefabricated wall; The upper side wall includes an upper prefabricated wall and an upper cast wall cast on site on one side of the upper prefabricated wall; Water-swelling water-stopping glue is also filled between the lower prefabricated wall and the lower cast wall, and between the upper prefabricated wall and the upper cast wall.

3. The waterproof structure for the joints of the side walls of a superimposed subway station according to claim 2, characterized in that: The waterproof material is a cement-based permeable crystallization waterproof material.

4. The waterproof structure for the joints of the side walls of a superimposed subway station according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The water stop baffle is a steel plate formed by continuous welding and embedded in the upper cast wall and the lower cast wall.

5. The waterproof structure for the joints of the side walls of a superimposed subway station according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The upper side wall is further provided with a grouting pipe, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the inside of the joint and the outside of the upper side wall; A protective cap is provided at the end of the grouting pipe exposed outside the upper side wall.

6. The waterproof structure for the joints of the side walls of a superimposed subway station according to claim 5, characterized in that: The waterproof roll is provided with multiple layers. The inner layer of waterproof roll near the joint covers the joint, and the outer layer of waterproof roll covers the entire upper side wall and the entire lower side wall at the same time. The waterproof roll is an SBS modified asphalt waterproof roll.

7. The waterproof structure for the joints of the side walls of a superimposed subway station according to claim 6, characterized in that: The side of the lower side wall away from the waterproof membrane is also provided with a water retaining sill; The inflatable sealing body is also provided with a water-swelling water-stop strip on one side close to the waterproof coiled material.

8. A construction method for a waterproof structure for a superimposed subway station side wall joint according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Cast the lower cast wall in layers on the side of the lower prefabricated wall, and fill the space between the lower prefabricated wall and the lower cast wall with water-swelling waterstop glue; Step 2: Pre-embed the water stop baffle in the lower cast wall along the length of the side wall; Step 3: Ensure that the wet depth of the connection part on the lower side wall is ≥5mm, and apply cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof material on its surface; Step 4: Cast the upper cast wall in layers on the side of the upper prefabricated wall, and fill the space between the upper prefabricated wall and the upper cast wall with water-swelling waterstop glue; Step 5: Lay the waterproof membrane in layers on the outer sides of the upper and lower cast walls; Step 6: Fill the joint with water-expandable waterstop strips, inflatable sealants, ultra-fine cement, compression sealants, and polyurethane sealant in the direction away from the waterproof membrane; Step 7: Fill the internal gap of the joint with nitrogen-oxygen cement slurry through the grouting pipe, and then inject grouting maintenance into the joint through the grouting pipe.

9. The construction method of the waterproof structure of the splicing seam of the side wall of a superimposed subway station according to claim 8 is characterized in that: Filling the water-swellable waterstop strip in step 6 includes the following steps: A filling groove matching the water-expanding waterstop strip is provided in the joint between the upper prefabricated wall and the lower prefabricated wall; Apply adhesive to the water-swelling waterstop; Control the installation pressure at 0.1-0.15MPa and stick the water-expanding waterstop strips in sections into the filling groove.

10. The construction method of the waterproof structure of the superimposed subway station side wall joint according to claim 9, characterized in that: When grouting the joints through the grouting pipe for maintenance, the slurry is prepared with ultra-fine cement and water glass in a weight ratio of 1:0.6.

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