Inclination angle measurement auxiliary mechanism in surveying and mapping engineering and measurement method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of geological survey and surveying and mapping, and discloses an inclination angle measurement auxiliary mechanism in surveying and mapping engineering and a measurement method.The mechanism comprises a mounting base and a load-bearing base, a drop hammer located in a hollow cavity of a telescopic connecting rod is arranged on the side, facing the load-bearing base, of the bottom of the mounting base, and a first emitter is arranged at the bottom of the drop hammer; a first detector is arranged in the center of the bearing base; at least three groups of pressure sensors are uniformly distributed in the hollow cavity of the telescopic connecting rod and are relatively positioned on the peripheral side of the drop hammer; a second emitter is arranged on the first rigid supporting rod, and second detectors are arranged at the positions, corresponding to the second emitter, of the second rigid supporting rod and the third rigid supporting rod; the inclination angle measurement auxiliary mechanism is used in cooperation with a geological compass, a surveying and mapping marker post or a geodetic surveying and mapping device, leveling in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction can be automatically achieved, a user does not need to manually operate in the inclination angle measurement process or do not need to subjectively feel to adjust the compass, the measurement workload is reduced, and the measurement precision is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of geological survey and mapping, and in particular to an auxiliary mechanism and method for measuring inclination in mapping engineering. Background Art

[0002] In geological surveys and mapping, workers often need to collect data, analyze samples, and draw maps under complex and diverse terrain and environmental conditions, requiring the use of various measuring tools (such as geological compasses, mapping poles, or geodetic mapping devices). For example, a combined geological compass disclosed in application number 202111199413.3 includes a compass base and a tripod. The front of the compass base is detachably mounted with a grip frame, and the grip frame is hinged with a folding member at one end away from the compass base. The folding member swings to a vertical state, and the extension frame swings to a horizontal state, that is, parallel to the compass base. The swing-toward overhead plate is then swung out of the concealed storage cavity, so that the two swing-toward overhead plates are unfolded below the compass base. Finally, the swing-toward overhead plate is placed on the threaded support rod to achieve the positioning of the geological compass, avoiding the impact of uneven rock surfaces or sites with a lot of mud on the survey. However, in the process of measuring parameters, it relies on the subjective experience of the surveyor (such as judging whether the compass and surveying pole measuring surface are vertical, and whether the bubble of the level is centered), which leads to many deviations in the measurement results. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an auxiliary mechanism for inclination measurement in surveying and mapping projects. The auxiliary mechanism for inclination measurement is used in conjunction with a geological compass, a surveying pole or a geodetic surveying device. It can automatically achieve horizontal and vertical leveling, eliminating the need for manual operation by the user when measuring the inclination, and eliminating the need for subjective adjustment of the compass, thereby reducing the measurement workload and improving the measurement accuracy; at the same time, a method for measuring the inclination is provided.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: An auxiliary mechanism for inclination measurement in surveying and mapping engineering comprises a mounting base for mounting a surveying and mapping tool and a load-bearing base, the load-bearing base being connected to the mounting base via a hollow telescopic connecting rod; a pendulum located within a hollow cavity of the telescopic connecting rod is provided on the bottom of the mounting base, facing the load-bearing base; a first transmitter is provided at the bottom of the pendulum, and a first detector is provided at the center of the load-bearing base to detect displacement and inclination of the mounting base; at least three groups of pressure sensors are evenly distributed within the hollow cavity of the telescopic connecting rod and relative to the periphery of the pendulum to assist in detecting the balance state of the device; The bottom of the load-bearing base is provided with a first rigid support rod, a second rigid support rod and a third rigid support rod facing the ground, the first rigid support rod is provided with a second transmitter, and the second rigid support rod and the third rigid support rod are provided with a second detector at the position corresponding to the second transmitter to detect the inclination of the load-bearing base; the load-bearing base is provided with two sets of driving mechanisms for driving the second rigid support rod and the third rigid support rod to move relative to the first rigid support rod, so as to make adjustments when the detection mounting seat and the load-bearing base are tilted or in a non-rear balance state.

[0005] Preferably, the pendant is suspended 5-10 cm below the mounting base by a pendant rope.

[0006] Preferably, the first rigid support rod is a hollow rod, in which a first spike portion and a first fixing member are provided in the cavity. The first spike portion is capable of telescopic movement relative to the first rigid support rod via a spring. When the first spike portion is retracted into the hollow cavity, the first fixing member fixes the first spike portion; when the first fixing member is released, the first spike portion penetrates into the ground under the action of the spring force.

[0007] Preferably, the second rigid support rod and the third rigid support rod are both hollow rods, wherein a second rigid spike portion and an electric telescopic mechanism are distributed in the cavity, and the electric telescopic mechanism drives the second rigid spike portion to perform telescopic movement relative to the second rigid support rod or the third rigid support rod to control the height of the second rigid support rod or the third rigid support rod respectively.

[0008] Preferably, each of the driving mechanisms includes a driving motor, a driving gear and a driven gear located inside the load-bearing base, the output shaft of the driving motor is connected to the driving gear, the driving gear is engaged with the driven gear, and the driven gear is respectively connected to the second rigid support rod or the third rigid support rod to drive the second rigid support rod or the third rigid support rod to move respectively.

[0009] Preferably, the load-bearing base floor is provided with an arc-shaped track hole for the movement of the second rigid support rod or the third rigid support rod to limit the movement direction of the second rigid support rod or the third rigid support rod.

[0010] Preferably, the telescopic connecting rod includes a main rod connected to the load-bearing base, a support rod connected to the mounting seat, and several groups of connecting rods located between the main rod and the support rod. The main rod and the connecting rod adjacent to the main rod, the adjacent connecting rods, the connecting rod adjacent to the support rod and the support rod are mutually socketed and fixed by elastic fixings to adjust the height of the mounting seat.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom of the load-bearing base is provided with a receiving groove for respectively accommodating the first rigid support rod, the second rigid support rod or the third rigid support rod. The first rigid support rod, the second rigid support rod and the third rigid support rod are rotated relative to the load-bearing base and accommodated in the receiving groove to reduce the footprint of the device when not in use.

[0012] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A method for measuring inclination angle in surveying and mapping engineering, which adopts the above-mentioned mechanism, comprises the following steps: S1: The load-bearing base is placed at the inclination measurement point. When the first fixing member is loosened, the first spike portion penetrates into the ground under the action of the spring force; S2: The second transmitter transmits a signal to the controller horizontally to the second detector located on the second rigid support rod and the third rigid support rod respectively. When the second detector does not receive the transmission signal, the controller controls the driving mechanism and the electric telescopic mechanism to adjust the position of the second rigid support rod or the third rigid support rod accordingly to ensure that the load-bearing base is in a horizontal state; S3: The height of the mounting base is adjusted by pulling the telescopic connecting rod, and the first transmitter transmits a signal to the first detector to the controller, further ensuring that the mounting base and the load-bearing base are in a horizontal state and the telescopic connecting rod is in a vertical state; S4: When there is strong wind or ground vibration in the detection environment, the pressure sensor is hit by the hammer and transmits a signal to the controller, which then feedbacks the measurement abnormality.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The inclination measurement auxiliary mechanism of the present invention is used in conjunction with a geological compass, a surveying pole or a geodetic surveying device, and can automatically achieve horizontal and vertical leveling. The user does not need to manually operate when measuring the inclination, nor does the user need to adjust the compass based on subjective feeling. This reduces the measurement workload and improves the measurement accuracy, playing a positive role in improving geological work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the inclination measurement auxiliary mechanism.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a bottom view of the inclination measurement auxiliary mechanism.

[0016] Figure 3 This is the cross-sectional view I of the inclination measurement auxiliary mechanism.

[0017] Figure 4 This is the cross-sectional view II of the inclination measurement auxiliary mechanism.

[0018] In the accompanying drawings: 1-mounting seat, 2-load-bearing base, 21-first rigid support rod, 211-first spike portion, 212-first fixing piece, 213-spring, 22-second rigid support rod, 221-second rigid spike portion, 222-electric telescopic mechanism, 223-drive motor, 224-driving gear, 225-driven gear, 23-third rigid support rod, 24-arc track hole, 25-accommodating groove, 3-telescopic connecting rod, 31-main rod, 32-connecting rod, 33-support rod, 4-hanging hammer, 5-first launcher, 6-first detector, 7-pressure sensor, 8-second launcher, 9-second detector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] Example 1: A preferred embodiment of the present invention provides an auxiliary mechanism for inclination measurement in surveying and mapping engineering, comprising a mounting base 1 for mounting a surveying and mapping tool and a load-bearing base 2, wherein the load-bearing base 2 is connected to the mounting base 1 via a hollow telescopic connecting rod 3; a pendant 4 located in a hollow cavity of the telescopic connecting rod 3 is provided on the bottom side of the mounting base 1 facing the load-bearing base 2, and the pendant 4 is suspended 5-10 cm below the mounting base 1 by a suspension rope, a first transmitter 5 is provided at the bottom of the pendant 4, and a first detector 6 is provided at the center of the load-bearing base 2 to detect the displacement and inclination of the mounting base 1; at least three groups of pressure sensors 7 are evenly distributed within the hollow cavity of the telescopic connecting rod 3 and relatively around the pendant 4 to assist in detecting the balance state of the device; The bottom of the load-bearing base 2 is provided with a first rigid support rod 21, a second rigid support rod 22, and a third rigid support rod 23 facing the ground. The bottom of the load-bearing base 2 is provided with a receiving slot 25 for respectively accommodating the first rigid support rod 21, the second rigid support rod 22, or the third rigid support rod 23. The first rigid support rod 21, the second rigid support rod 22, and the third rigid support rod 23 rotate relative to the load-bearing base 2 and are stored in the receiving slot 25, thereby reducing the footprint of the device when not in use. The first rigid support rod 21 is provided with a second transmitter 8, and the second rigid support rod 22 and the third rigid support rod 23 are provided with a second detector 9 at the position corresponding to the second transmitter 8 to detect the tilt of the load-bearing base 2. The load-bearing base 2 is provided with two sets of driving mechanisms for driving the second rigid support rod 22 and the third rigid support rod 23 to move relative to the first rigid support rod 21, so as to adjust when detecting the tilt or imbalance of the mounting base 1 and the load-bearing base 2.

[0020] The first transmitter 5 and the second transmitter 8 can select laser transmitters or other wireless transmitters as needed. The first detector 6 and the second detector 9 are corresponding detectors, which determine the displacement change between the first transmitter 5 and the second transmitter 8 by detecting the signals emitted by the first transmitter 5 and the second transmitter 8.

[0021] Embodiment 2: A preferred embodiment of the present invention provides an auxiliary mechanism for measuring inclination angles in surveying and mapping engineering, which differs from the above embodiment only in that: The first rigid support rod 21 is a hollow rod, in which a first spike portion 211 and a first fixing member 212 are provided in the cavity. The first spike portion 211 is capable of telescopic movement relative to the first rigid support rod 21 through a spring 213. When the first spike portion 211 is retracted into the hollow cavity, the first fixing member 212 fixes the first spike portion 211; when the first fixing member 212 is released, the first spike portion 211 penetrates into the ground under the elastic force of the spring 213.

[0022] The second rigid support rod 22 and the third rigid support rod 23 are both hollow rods, in which a second rigid spike portion 221 and an electric telescopic mechanism 222 are distributed in the cavity. The electric telescopic mechanism 222 can select an electric telescopic rod as needed. The electric telescopic mechanism 222 drives the second rigid spike portion 221 to perform telescopic movement relative to the second rigid support rod 22 or the third rigid support rod 23 to control the height of the second rigid support rod 22 or the third rigid support rod 23 respectively, and its second rigid spike portion 221 penetrates into the ground for reinforcement.

[0023] Each of the driving mechanisms includes a driving motor 223, a driving gear 224 and a driven gear 225 located inside the load-bearing base 2. The output shaft of the driving motor 223 is connected to the driving gear 224, and the driving gear 224 is engaged with the driven gear 225. The driven gear 225 is respectively connected to the second rigid support rod 22 or the third rigid support rod 23 to drive the second rigid support rod 22 or the third rigid support rod 23 to move respectively.

[0024] The load-bearing base 2 is provided with an arc-shaped track hole 24 on the ground for the movement of the second rigid support rod 22 or the third rigid support rod 23 to limit the movement direction of the second rigid support rod 22 or the third rigid support rod 23 .

[0025] Embodiment 3: A preferred embodiment of the present invention provides an auxiliary mechanism for measuring inclination angles in surveying and mapping engineering, which differs from the above embodiment only in that: The telescopic connecting rod 3 includes a main rod 31 connected to the load-bearing base 2, a support rod 33 connected to the mounting base 1, and several groups of connecting rods 32 located between the main rod 31 and the support rod 33. The main rod 31 and the connecting rod 32 adjacent to the main rod 31, the adjacent connecting rods 32, and the connecting rod 32 adjacent to the support rod 33 are mutually connected and fixed by elastic fixing parts to adjust the height of the mounting base 1.

[0026] This inclination measurement auxiliary mechanism is used in conjunction with a geological compass, a surveying pole or a geodetic surveying device. The measurement method includes the following steps: S1: The load-bearing base 2 is placed at the inclination measurement point. When the first fixing member 212 is loosened, the first spike portion 211 penetrates the ground under the elastic force of the spring 213; S2: The second transmitter 8 transmits a signal to the controller horizontally to the second detector 9 located at the second rigid support rod 22 and the third rigid support rod 23 respectively. When the second detector 9 does not receive the transmission signal, the controller controls the driving mechanism and the electric telescopic mechanism 222 to adjust the position of the second rigid support rod 22 or the third rigid support rod 23 accordingly to ensure that the load-bearing base 2 is in a horizontal state; S3: The height of the mounting base 1 is adjusted by pulling the telescopic link 3. The first transmitter 5 transmits a signal to the first detector 6 to the controller, further ensuring that the mounting base 1 and the load-bearing base 2 are in a horizontal state and the telescopic link 3 is in a vertical state; S4: When there is strong wind or ground vibration in the detection environment, the pressure sensor 7 is hit by the pendant 4 and transmits a signal to the controller, and the controller feeds back the measurement abnormality.

[0027] This inclination measurement auxiliary mechanism can automatically achieve horizontal and vertical leveling, without the need for manual operation by the user when measuring the inclination, nor the need to adjust the compass based on subjective feeling, thereby reducing the measurement workload and improving the measurement accuracy, playing a positive role in improving geological work.

[0028] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any changes or modifications made by any technician in this field within the scope of the present invention are included in the patent scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An auxiliary mechanism for inclination measurement in surveying and mapping engineering, comprising a mounting seat (1) for mounting a surveying and mapping tool and a load-bearing base (2), wherein the load-bearing base (2) is connected to the mounting seat (1) via a hollow telescopic connecting rod (3); characterized in that: A pendulum (4) located in the hollow cavity of the telescopic connecting rod (3) is provided on the bottom of the mounting seat (1) facing the load-bearing base (2), a first transmitter (5) is provided at the bottom of the pendulum (4), and a first detector (6) is provided at the center of the load-bearing base (2) to detect the displacement and tilt of the mounting seat (1); at least three groups of pressure sensors (7) are evenly distributed in the hollow cavity of the telescopic connecting rod (3) and relatively around the pendulum (4) to assist in detecting the balance state of the device; The bottom of the load-bearing base (2) is provided with a first rigid support rod (21), a second rigid support rod (22) and a third rigid support rod (23) facing the ground, the first rigid support rod (21) is provided with a second transmitter (8), and the second rigid support rod (22) and the third rigid support rod (23) are provided with a second detector (9) at a position corresponding to the second transmitter (8) to detect the tilt of the load-bearing base (2); the load-bearing base (2) is provided with two sets of driving mechanisms for driving the second rigid support rod (22) and the third rigid support rod (23) to move relative to the first rigid support rod (21), so as to adjust when the detection mounting seat (1) and the load-bearing base (2) are tilted or in a non-balanced state.

2. The inclination angle measurement auxiliary mechanism in surveying and mapping engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pendant (4) is suspended 5-10 cm below the mounting base (1) via a pendant rope.

3. The inclination angle measurement auxiliary mechanism in surveying and mapping engineering according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first rigid support rod (21) is a hollow rod, wherein a first spike portion (211) and a first fixing member (212) are provided in the hollow cavity. The first spike portion (211) is capable of telescopic movement relative to the first rigid support rod (21) via a spring (213). When the first spike portion (211) is retracted into the hollow cavity, the first fixing member (212) secures the first spike portion (211); when the first fixing member (212) is released, the first spike portion (211) penetrates into the ground under the elastic force of the spring (213).

4. The inclination angle measurement auxiliary mechanism in surveying and mapping engineering according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second rigid support rod (22) and the third rigid support rod (23) are both hollow rods, wherein a second rigid spike portion (221) and an electric telescopic mechanism (222) are distributed in the cavity. The electric telescopic mechanism (222) drives the second rigid spike portion (221) to perform telescopic movement relative to the second rigid support rod (22) or the third rigid support rod (23), so as to respectively control the height of the second rigid support rod (22) or the third rigid support rod (23).

5. The inclination angle measurement auxiliary mechanism in surveying and mapping engineering according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each of the driving mechanisms comprises a driving motor (223), a driving gear (224) and a driven gear (225) located inside the load-bearing base (2); the output shaft of the driving motor (223) is connected to the driving gear (224); the driving gear (224) is meshed with the driven gear (225); and the driven gear (225) is respectively connected to the second rigid support rod (22) or the third rigid support rod (23) to respectively drive the second rigid support rod (22) or the third rigid support rod (23) to move.

6. The inclination angle measurement auxiliary mechanism in surveying and mapping engineering according to claim 4, characterized in that: The load-bearing base (2) is provided with an arc-shaped track hole (24) on the ground for the movement of the second rigid support rod (22) or the third rigid support rod (23), so as to limit the movement direction of the second rigid support rod (22) or the third rigid support rod (23).

7. The inclination angle measurement auxiliary mechanism in surveying and mapping engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic connecting rod (3) comprises a main rod (31) connected to the load-bearing base (2), a support rod (33) connected to the mounting seat (1), and a plurality of connecting rods (32) located between the main rod (31) and the support rods (33). The main rod (31) and the connecting rods (32) adjacent to the main rod (31), the adjacent connecting rods (32), and the connecting rods (32) adjacent to the support rods (33) and the support rods (33) are mutually sleeved and fixed by elastic fixing members to adjust the height of the mounting seat (1).

8. The inclination angle measurement auxiliary mechanism in surveying and mapping engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the load-bearing base (2) is provided with a receiving groove (25) for respectively receiving a first rigid support rod (21), a second rigid support rod (22) or a third rigid support rod (23); the first rigid support rod (21), the second rigid support rod (22) and the third rigid support rod (23) are rotated relative to the load-bearing base (2) and received in the receiving groove (25), so as to reduce the floor space of the device when not in use.

9. A method for measuring inclination in surveying and mapping engineering, which uses the mechanism described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: placing the load-bearing base (2) at the inclination measurement point, and releasing the first fixing member (212), so that the first spike portion (211) penetrates the ground under the elastic force of the spring (213); S2: The second transmitter (8) transmits a signal to the controller horizontally to the second detector (9) located on the second rigid support rod (22) and the third rigid support rod (23). When the second detector (9) does not receive the transmission signal, the controller controls the driving mechanism and the electric telescopic mechanism (222) to adjust the position of the second rigid support rod (22) or the third rigid support rod (23) accordingly to ensure that the load-bearing base (2) is in a horizontal state. S3: The height of the mounting base (1) is adjusted by pulling the telescopic connecting rod (3), and the first transmitter (5) transmits a signal to the first detector (6) to the controller, further ensuring that the mounting base (1) and the load-bearing base (2) are in a horizontal state and the telescopic connecting rod (3) is in a vertical state; S4: When there is strong wind or ground vibration in the detection environment, the pressure sensor (7) is hit by the pendant (4) and transmits a signal to the controller, and the controller feeds back the measurement abnormality.

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