Electrowetting electronic paper low power consumption method based on ambient light dynamic compensation

Abstract

The invention provides an electrowetting electronic paper low power consumption method based on ambient light dynamic compensation, which comprises the following steps: dividing ambient light intensity intervals, and setting the lowest ambient light intensity of each interval as the standard ambient light of the interval; according to the ambient light intensity collected in real time and a pre-stored voltage-reflection brightness curve, by optimizing the reflection brightness difference of adjacent gray levels and constraining gray level transition smoothness, generating a gray level-brightness mapping relation corresponding to the standard ambient light; converting the gray value of the input image based on the mapping relation, segmenting the image into a bright part and a dark part by setting quantiles, processing the dark part and enhancing the detail area of the image; based on the highest gray value of the converted image and the relation between the PAM driving mode voltage and the gray level, the maximum driving voltage value is dynamically determined, and the maximum driving voltage is reduced along with the enhancement of the ambient light.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of low-power display technology of electrowetting electronic paper, and specifically to a low-power display technology of electrowetting electronic paper based on dynamic compensation of ambient light. The technology aims to achieve low-power, comfortable and stable display effects under different ambient light conditions by adjusting grayscale distribution and optimizing driving voltage. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, electrowetting electronic paper displays (e-paper displays) have become a research hotspot in the field of display technology, thanks to their wide viewing angles, high reflectivity, and high contrast. Compared to electrophoretic e-paper, their millisecond response speed and full-color video display capabilities significantly expand the application scenarios of e-paper. The core unit of an electrowetting display panel consists of upper and lower substrates, pixel walls, ink, and a hydrophobic insulating layer. Voltage is used to control the interfacial tension between the ink and the insulating layer to achieve varying aperture ratios, thereby displaying different grayscale levels. This characteristic dictates that high grayscale displays require higher drive voltages, resulting in increased energy consumption as the grayscale level increases.

[0003] In the field of low-power technology, the optimization path of electrowetting electronic paper can be divided into four major directions: hardware, software, hardware and software collaboration, and driving solution innovation. At the hardware level, research focuses on the in-depth optimization of materials and circuits: for example, optimizing the backplane material and circuit structure to reduce signal transmission loss, and using low-voltage driving technology to significantly reduce power consumption. Software design focuses on algorithm and system-level optimization, such as improving energy efficiency through algorithm optimization (such as grayscale mapping, dynamic power management), or reducing redundant operations through code structure optimization. Driving solution innovation includes balancing response speed and power consumption through driving waveform design, or improving display stability through multi-pulse driving technology.

[0004] Despite progress, low-power electrowetting e-paper technology still faces unique challenges. Its reflective display characteristics require maintaining high contrast despite dynamic changes in ambient light, but existing solutions often fail to fully integrate the nonlinear optoelectronic properties of electrowetting pixels. For example, the low-power strategies of traditional electrophoretic displays are difficult to directly transfer to electrowetting systems due to differences in their operating principles, and the conflict between high aperture ratio and low power consumption has yet to be universally resolved. Furthermore, the non-bistability of electrowetting displays requires continuous power supply during static display, in stark contrast to the zero-power consumption of electrophoretic displays. Breaking through this energy bottleneck is urgently needed through innovative drive waveforms and power management technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings and deficiencies of existing technologies, the present invention provides a low-power electrowetting electronic paper method based on dynamic ambient light compensation and an adaptive voltage drive device. This method divides ambient light intensity into intervals, sets the lowest ambient light in each interval as the standard ambient light, and optimizes the reflective brightness difference between adjacent grayscales under different ambient light conditions by combining real-time acquired ambient light intensity with a pre-stored voltage-reflective brightness curve. A regularization term with adjustable weights is introduced to constrain the smoothness of grayscale transitions, generating a grayscale-brightness mapping relationship corresponding to the standard ambient light (the two are essentially consistent). A constant term is introduced during the correction process to ensure consistent initial brightness of the curve under different ambient light conditions. Based on this mapping relationship, the input image grayscale values ​​are converted, the image is segmented into bright and dark areas by setting quantiles, and the dark areas are stretched using a gamma function (with a transition band to ensure a smooth transition). The image details are enhanced. The quantiles are dynamically determined based on the base quantiles and ambient light-related parameters, and the optimal gamma value is traversed to optimize power consumption. The maximum drive voltage is dynamically adjusted based on the highest grayscale value of the converted image and the voltage-grayscale relationship in the PAM drive mode, decreasing as the ambient light increases. The adapted device includes an electrowetting display, a main control unit, a photosensitive unit, a storage unit, a correction and enhancement unit, and a voltage regulation unit. The storage unit pre-stores the voltage-reflection brightness curve under different ambient light conditions and the pixel mapping table generated after correction. The units work together to realize closed-loop control of ambient light detection, image correction and enhancement, and dynamic voltage adjustment, thereby balancing the low power consumption and stable display effect of the electrowetting electronic paper under different ambient light conditions.

[0006] The technical solution specifically adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is:

[0007] A low-power consumption method for electrowetting electronic paper based on dynamic compensation of ambient light, comprising:

[0008] Divide the ambient light intensity into intervals, and set the lowest ambient light intensity in each interval as the standard ambient light for that interval;

[0009] Based on the real-time collected ambient light intensity and the pre-stored voltage-reflection brightness curve, the grayscale-brightness mapping relationship corresponding to the standard ambient light is generated by optimizing the reflection brightness difference of adjacent grayscales and constraining the smoothness of grayscale transitions.

[0010] Converting the grayscale value of the input image based on the mapping relationship, dividing the image into bright and dark parts by setting quantile points, processing the dark part and enhancing the image detail area;

[0011] Based on the highest grayscale value of the converted image and the relationship between voltage and grayscale in the PAM driving mode, the maximum driving voltage value is dynamically determined, and the maximum driving voltage decreases as the ambient light increases.

[0012] Furthermore, dividing the ambient light intensity into intervals includes: dividing the ambient light intensity into intervals corresponding to different usage scenarios, the lowest ambient light intensity in each interval is used as the standard ambient light of the interval, and other ambient light intensities in the interval are ambient light to be corrected.

[0013] Furthermore, the grayscale-brightness mapping relationship corresponding to the standard ambient light is generated by optimizing the reflected brightness difference of adjacent grayscales and constraining the smoothness of grayscale transitions, including: based on the pre-stored voltage-reflected brightness curves under different ambient lights, the voltage-reflected brightness curve under the ambient light to be corrected is corrected to the standard ambient light, so that the brightness difference of adjacent grayscales under the ambient light to be corrected after correction is consistent with the brightness difference of adjacent grayscales under the standard ambient light, and the smoothness of the change of adjacent grayscales is constrained by introducing a regularization term with adjustable weight, and the weight of the regularization term is adjusted according to the correction effect; and a constant term is introduced in the correction process to make the starting brightness of the voltage-reflected brightness curve under different ambient lights consistent.

[0014] Furthermore, the setting of the quantile includes: the quantile is determined based on the basic quantile, the highest grayscale value of the original image and the highest grayscale value of the corrected image, an adjustment amount is obtained by multiplying the difference between the highest grayscale value of the original image and the highest grayscale value of the corrected image by a coefficient, and then the adjustment amount is added to the basic quantile to obtain the final quantile.

[0015] Furthermore, the processing of the dark area includes: stretching the dark area using a gamma function, setting a transition band during the stretching process, wherein the range of the transition band is determined by the quantile and the transition band bandwidth, the lower limit of the transition band is the quantile minus half of the transition band bandwidth, and the upper limit is the quantile plus half of the transition band bandwidth; the grayscale value within the transition band is adjusted by a transition weight, and the transition weight is determined according to the ratio of the difference between the original grayscale value and the lower limit of the transition band to the difference between the upper limit and the lower limit of the transition band; and the optimal gamma value is traversed to minimize the power consumption of the stretched image.

[0016] Furthermore, the enhancing the image detail area includes: using a Sobel operator to detect the detail area of ​​the image after dark portion processing, and enhancing the detail area by a CLAHE method.

[0017] Furthermore, the proportional adjustment of the maximum driving voltage to between the minimum driving voltage and the original maximum driving voltage includes: based on the correspondence between the grayscale value and the voltage under the PAM driving mode, taking the voltage corresponding to the highest pixel value of the processed image as the maximum driving voltage under the ambient light; when adjusting, first calculating the difference between the original maximum driving voltage and the minimum driving voltage, then multiplying the difference by the ratio of the highest pixel value of the processed image to the original highest pixel value to obtain a voltage adjustment amount, and finally adding the voltage adjustment amount to the minimum driving voltage to obtain the adjusted maximum driving voltage.

[0018] And, an adaptive voltage driving device for implementing the method described above, characterized in that it includes an electrowetting display screen, a main control unit, a photosensitive unit, an original pixel signal extraction unit, a voltage-reflection brightness curve storage unit, a pixel correction and detail enhancement unit, and an adaptive voltage adjustment unit; the photosensitive unit, the original pixel signal extraction unit, the voltage-reflection brightness curve storage unit, the pixel correction and detail enhancement unit, and the adaptive voltage adjustment unit are respectively connected to the main control unit, and the adaptive voltage adjustment unit is also connected to the electrowetting display screen.

[0019] Furthermore, the voltage-reflection brightness curve storage unit stores the voltage-reflection brightness curves measured experimentally under different ambient light conditions, and a pixel mapping table generated by correcting the curves to standard ambient light conditions. The pixel mapping table is used by the pixel correction and detail enhancement unit to perform grayscale correction on the input image.

[0020] Furthermore, the photosensitive unit collects the current ambient light intensity in real time and transmits it to the main control unit; the original pixel signal extraction unit extracts the pixel signal of the input image and transmits it to the main control unit; the pixel correction and detail enhancement unit corrects and enhances the details of the input image according to the pixel mapping table corresponding to the current ambient light intensity and the extracted pixel signal; the adaptive voltage adjustment unit adjusts the driving voltage to drive the electrowetting display according to the pre-stored voltage-reflection brightness curve and the current ambient light intensity.

[0021] And, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program implements the method described above when executed by a processor.

[0022] Compared to the existing technology, the present invention and its preferred solution achieve a balance between low power consumption and stable display effects of electrowetting electronic paper under different ambient light conditions through a closed-loop design of dynamic ambient light compensation. By dividing the ambient light interval and taking the lowest light in the interval as the standard, combined with the optimization of the brightness difference between adjacent grayscale reflections and the grayscale transition constraint correction curve, the consistency of the display effect under different ambient light conditions is ensured. The image grayscale is adjusted based on the corrected mapping relationship, and the maximum driving voltage is dynamically adjusted and reduced as the ambient light increases, directly reducing unnecessary energy consumption. At the same time, the ambient light interval division is adapted to different usage scenarios, enhancing the applicability of the solution. When stretching the dark part, a transition zone is set and the optimal parameters are found, so that the image transition is natural and the power consumption is better. The detail enhancement processing improves the display quality on the basis of low power consumption. The adapted hardware device ensures the efficient implementation of the dynamic compensation logic through the coordinated work of each unit, and overall improves the practical value of electrowetting electronic paper under complex ambient light. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0024] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a pixel unit of an electrowetting electronic paper display according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a graph showing the voltage-reflection brightness curve of the electrowetting electronic paper according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a voltage-reflection brightness curve diagram under different ambient light conditions according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 The original image, the corrected image, and the detail-enhanced image according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of an adaptive voltage driving device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a working principle diagram of the adaptive voltage driving device according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following embodiments are given for detailed description:

[0031] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and are intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs.

[0032] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0033] By thoroughly studying the optoelectronic properties of electrowetting electronic paper and combining them with the fact that the reflective brightness of reflective displays varies with ambient light, this invention reduces the power consumption of electrowetting electronic paper in multiple ways. Consequently, a low-power method for electrowetting electronic paper based on dynamic ambient light compensation is provided to improve image quality and reduce power consumption. The reflective display and optoelectronic properties of electrowetting electronic paper are leveraged to dynamically adjust the grayscale distribution and driving voltage of the electrowetting display to reduce power consumption and maintain display stability. A sensor collects ambient light brightness in real time, and the voltage-reflection brightness curve under standard ambient light is corrected based on the voltage-reflection brightness curve. This ensures that the brightness difference between adjacent grayscales under this ambient light remains substantially consistent with that under standard ambient light. The grayscale information of the input image is extracted, and the grayscale information of the current image is corrected based on the corrected voltage-reflection brightness curve. The corrected image details are then enhanced to further optimize power consumption and display quality. An adaptive voltage module dynamically adjusts the maximum driving voltage, decreasing it as ambient light increases, thereby reducing power consumption.

[0034] This solution measures the voltage-reflection brightness curve of the electrowetting electronic paper under different ambient light conditions, corrects the voltage-reflection brightness curve to the standard ambient light condition, enhances the corrected image detail area, and further optimizes power consumption and display effects; calculates the maximum grayscale value after algorithm processing, and dynamically adjusts the maximum driving voltage according to the relationship between grayscale value and voltage, thereby further reducing power consumption in hardware.

[0035] The specific steps for correcting the voltage-reflection brightness curve to the standard ambient light are as follows:

[0036] Step S1: Divide the ambient light intervals to adapt to different usage scenarios. For example, the ambient light interval [a, b] corresponds to outdoor usage scenarios. The lowest ambient light a in each interval is used as the standard ambient light in the interval, and x is any other ambient light in the interval.

[0037] Step S2: According to the voltage-reflection brightness curve under different ambient light conditions, the voltage-reflection brightness curve under other ambient light conditions is corrected to the standard ambient light condition. The correction method is shown in the following formula, so that the corrected voltage-reflection brightness curve is As small as possible, the brightness difference of adjacent grayscales under other ambient light conditions tends to be consistent with the brightness difference of adjacent grayscales under standard ambient light:

[0038]

[0039] Where Lx is the voltage-reflection brightness curve of the electrowetting electronic paper under ambient light x, La is the electrowetting electronic paper under ambient light a, i represents the grayscale value corresponding to the brightness value L, In order to make the constant term of the voltage-reflection brightness curve consistent at the beginning under different ambient light, Lx is corrected to La so that the brightness difference of adjacent gray levels tends to be consistent, where The term is a regularization term that prevents adjacent grayscale from causing drastic mutations after correction, ensuring smoother grayscale transitions. The term is adjusted according to the effect of the image after correction. size.

[0040] The specific implementation method of enhancing the detail area of ​​the corrected image described above is as follows: according to the ambient light, the quantile s is set, the image is divided into bright and dark parts, the overall contrast is improved by stretching the dark details, and the detail areas of the image are detected and enhanced, thereby reducing power consumption while ensuring display quality. The dark part of the image is stretched using the gamma function. In order to make the stretched image more natural, the transition band bandwidth is set to The entire stretching process is as follows:

[0041]

[0042]

[0043] In the formula is the highest grayscale value of the original image, is the highest grayscale value of the image after correction, , , A power consumption scoring function is established for each transition weight. While ensuring that the image does not overstretch, the optimal gamma value is searched for to minimize power consumption after stretching. The Sobel operator is used to detect detail areas in the stretched image, and detail enhancement is performed using the CLAHE method.

[0044] The specific implementation method of the dynamic adjustment of the maximum driving voltage described above is as follows: the maximum driving voltage is adjusted according to the relationship between the grayscale value and voltage of the PAM driving mode, and the voltage corresponding to the highest pixel value processed by the algorithm is used as the maximum driving voltage under the ambient light. When the ambient light increases, the maximum driving voltage decreases, and the power consumption is reduced:

[0045]

[0046] Based on the above scheme, this scheme also designs a set of adaptive voltage driving devices, such as Figure 6As shown, it includes an electrowetting display screen, a main control unit, a photosensitive unit, a raw pixel signal extraction unit, a voltage-reflection brightness curve storage unit, a pixel correction and detail enhancement unit, and an adaptive voltage adjustment unit. The voltage-reflection brightness curve under different ambient light conditions measured experimentally is corrected to the standard ambient light to generate a corresponding pixel mapping table and stored together with the voltage-reflection brightness curve in the storage unit. The raw pixel signal extraction unit extracts the pixel signal of the input image and corrects and enhances the details of the input image through the pixel correction and detail enhancement unit. The photosensitive unit monitors the current ambient light in real time. The adaptive voltage adjustment unit adaptively adjusts the driving voltage according to the pre-stored voltage-reflection brightness curve and the current ambient light intensity.

[0047] The following further demonstrates and introduces the characteristics of the solution of the present invention through a specific implementation example of a device structure:

[0048] Figure 1 The structure of the pixel unit of the electrowetting electronic paper display is shown in the figure. It has two fluids, namely polar fluid 1 and non-polar fluid 2, pixel wall 3, hydrophobic insulating dielectric layer 4, transparent conductive electrode 5 and white substrate 6. Polar fluid 1 is generally an aqueous solution, and non-polar fluid 2 is ink. When no voltage is applied, the non-polar fluid is spread on the hydrophobic insulating dielectric layer 4, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown in the left figure. When voltage is applied, the contact angle between the polar fluid 1 and the non-polar fluid 2 changes, the hydrophobic insulating dielectric layer 4 turns into a hydrophilic dielectric layer, and the polar fluid 1 "pushes" the non-polar fluid 2 into the corner, as shown in the figure below. Figure 1 As shown in the figure on the right, the on-off state of the electrowetting electronic paper display is realized.

[0049] Figure 2 As shown, when the voltage of the electrowetting electronic paper display increases, the brightness of the electrowetting electronic paper display also increases. The grayscale value is linearly mapped to the brightness value, and the higher the brightness value, the higher the grayscale value.

[0050] Figure 3 The figure shows the voltage-reflection brightness curve under different ambient light conditions. As the ambient light increases, the average brightness and contrast of the electrowetting electronic paper are enhanced. By correcting the voltage-reflection brightness curve under different ambient light conditions to the standard ambient light condition, the curve has the same contrast as the standard ambient light and the brightness difference between adjacent grayscales is consistent with the standard ambient light condition. Based on the mapping relationship between grayscale and brightness, the same correction processing is performed on the input image, so that it can present a comfortable and stable display effect under different ambient light conditions and reduce power consumption.

[0051] Figure 4 (a) and (b) show the original image and the image after correction. 2 Set to standard ambient light, 970cd / cm2 The voltage-reflected brightness curve under ambient light is corrected to that under standard ambient light, and the same correction is performed on the input image. When the ambient light difference is too large, the corrected image quality degrades significantly. A detail enhancement algorithm is used to divide the image histogram into dark and bright areas based on ambient light intensity. The gamma function stretches the dark areas to improve overall image contrast and reduce power consumption. This algorithm also detects and enhances image detail areas.

[0052] Figure 4 (c) shows the image after being processed by the detail enhancement algorithm at 970cd / cm 2 Under ambient light conditions, the quantiles are set according to the ambient light conditions, and the overall contrast is improved by stretching the dark details. At the same time, the detailed areas of the image are detected and enhanced, ensuring display quality while reducing power consumption.

[0053] Figure 5 The embodiment of the present invention shown also provides a specific structure of a driving device design for dynamically adjusting the brightness of an electrowetting display as ambient light changes, including an electrowetting display screen, a main control unit, a photosensitive unit, a voltage-reflection brightness curve storage unit, an original pixel signal extraction unit, a pixel correction and enhancement unit, and an adaptive voltage adjustment unit.

[0054] The photosensitive unit is electrically connected to the main controller unit to detect the external ambient light and transmit the detection result to the main controller unit;

[0055] The voltage-reflection brightness curve storage unit is electrically connected to the main control unit, stores the voltage-reflection brightness curves measured under different ambient light conditions, and corrects them to the standard ambient light condition to generate a corresponding pixel mapping table, stores the corresponding pixel mapping table together with the voltage-reflection brightness curve, and transmits the generated pixel mapping table to the main control unit;

[0056] The original pixel signal extraction unit is electrically connected to the main controller unit and is used to extract the pixel signal of the input image and transmit the extracted information to the main controller unit;

[0057] The pixel correction and enhancement unit is electrically connected to the main controller unit and performs correction and detail enhancement on the input image according to the mapping table corresponding to the current ambient light and the extracted original signal;

[0058] The adaptive voltage regulation unit is electrically connected to the main controller unit and the electrowetting display screen, calculates the maximum driving voltage corresponding to the highest pixel value after algorithm processing, and adaptively adjusts the driving voltage to drive the electrowetting display screen.

[0059] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a computer device, which includes: one or more processors and a memory for storing one or more computer programs; the program includes program instructions, and the processor is used to execute the program instructions stored in the memory. The processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. It is the computing core and control core of the terminal, which is used to implement one or more instructions, specifically for loading and executing one or more instructions in a computer storage medium to implement the above method.

[0060] It should be further explained that, based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a computer storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, performs the above-described method. The storage medium may be any combination of one or more computer-readable media. The computer-readable medium may be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable storage media include: an electrical connection having one or more conductors, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof. In the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0061] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in the present invention should have the usual meanings understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The "first", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0062] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any other manner. Any person skilled in the art may utilize the above-disclosed technical content to modify or modify the present invention into equivalent embodiments. However, any simple modifications, equivalent variations, and modifications to the above embodiments that do not depart from the technical content of the present invention and are based on the technical essence of the present invention remain within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0063] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned optimal implementation mode. Anyone can derive various other forms of low-power consumption methods of electrowetting electronic paper based on dynamic compensation of ambient light under the inspiration of the present invention. All equal changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention should fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-power consumption method for electrowetting electronic paper based on dynamic compensation of ambient light, characterized in that: include: Divide the ambient light intensity into intervals, and set the lowest ambient light intensity in each interval as the standard ambient light for that interval; Based on the real-time collected ambient light intensity and the pre-stored voltage-reflection brightness curve, the grayscale-brightness mapping relationship corresponding to the standard ambient light is generated by optimizing the reflection brightness difference of adjacent grayscales and constraining the smoothness of grayscale transitions. Converting the grayscale value of the input image based on the mapping relationship, dividing the image into bright and dark parts by setting quantile points, processing the dark part and enhancing the image detail area; Based on the highest grayscale value of the converted image and the relationship between voltage and grayscale in the PAM driving mode, the maximum driving voltage value is dynamically determined, and the maximum driving voltage decreases as the ambient light increases.

2. The low-power consumption method for electrowetting electronic paper based on ambient light dynamic compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dividing of the ambient light intensity intervals includes: dividing the ambient light intensity into intervals corresponding to different usage scenarios, the lowest ambient light intensity in each interval being used as the standard ambient light of the interval, and the other ambient light intensities in the interval being the ambient light to be corrected.

3. The low-power consumption method for electrowetting electronic paper based on ambient light dynamic compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of generating a grayscale-brightness mapping relationship corresponding to the standard ambient light by optimizing the reflected brightness difference of adjacent grayscales and constraining the smoothness of grayscale transitions includes: based on pre-stored voltage-reflected brightness curves under different ambient lights, correcting the voltage-reflected brightness curve under the ambient light to be corrected to the standard ambient light, so that the brightness difference of adjacent grayscales under the ambient light to be corrected and the brightness difference of adjacent grayscales under the standard ambient light tend to be consistent, and constraining the smoothness of the change of adjacent grayscales by introducing a regularization term with adjustable weight, and the weight of the regularization term is adjusted according to the correction effect; and introducing a constant term during the correction process to make the starting brightness of the voltage-reflected brightness curve under different ambient lights consistent.

4. The low-power consumption method for electrowetting electronic paper based on ambient light dynamic compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The setting of the quantile includes: the quantile is determined based on the basic quantile, the highest grayscale value of the original image and the highest grayscale value of the corrected image, an adjustment amount is obtained by multiplying the difference between the highest grayscale value of the original image and the highest grayscale value of the corrected image by a coefficient, and then the adjustment amount is added to the basic quantile to obtain a final quantile.

5. The low-power consumption method for electrowetting electronic paper based on ambient light dynamic compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing of the dark area includes: stretching the dark area using a gamma function, setting a transition band during the stretching process, wherein the range of the transition band is determined by the quantile and the transition band bandwidth, wherein the lower limit of the transition band is the quantile minus half of the transition band bandwidth, and the upper limit is the quantile plus half of the transition band bandwidth; adjusting the grayscale value within the transition band using a transition weight, wherein the transition weight is determined based on the ratio of the difference between the original grayscale value and the lower limit of the transition band to the difference between the upper limit and the lower limit of the transition band; and traversing to find the optimal gamma value to minimize the power consumption of the stretched image.

6. The low-power consumption method for electrowetting electronic paper based on ambient light dynamic compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of enhancing the image detail area includes: using a Sobel operator to detect the detail area of ​​the image after dark portion processing, and enhancing the detail area by using a CLAHE method.

7. The low-power consumption method for electrowetting electronic paper based on ambient light dynamic compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of proportionally adjusting the maximum driving voltage to a value between the minimum driving voltage and the original maximum driving voltage includes: based on the correspondence between grayscale value and voltage under the PAM driving mode, taking the voltage corresponding to the highest pixel value of the processed image as the maximum driving voltage under the ambient light; when adjusting, first calculating the difference between the original maximum driving voltage and the minimum driving voltage, then multiplying the difference by the ratio of the highest pixel value of the processed image to the original highest pixel value to obtain a voltage adjustment amount, and finally adding the voltage adjustment amount to the minimum driving voltage to obtain the adjusted maximum driving voltage.

8. An adaptive voltage driving device for implementing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: It includes an electrowetting display screen, a main control unit, a photosensitive unit, an original pixel signal extraction unit, a voltage-reflection brightness curve storage unit, a pixel correction and detail enhancement unit, and an adaptive voltage adjustment unit; the photosensitive unit, the original pixel signal extraction unit, the voltage-reflection brightness curve storage unit, the pixel correction and detail enhancement unit, and the adaptive voltage adjustment unit are respectively connected to the main control unit, and the adaptive voltage adjustment unit is also connected to the electrowetting display screen.

9. The adaptive voltage driving device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The voltage-reflection brightness curve storage unit stores the voltage-reflection brightness curves measured experimentally under different ambient light conditions, and a pixel mapping table generated by correcting the curves to standard ambient light conditions. The pixel mapping table is used by the pixel correction and detail enhancement unit to perform grayscale correction on the input image.

10. The adaptive voltage driving device according to claim 8, wherein: The photosensitive unit collects the current ambient light intensity in real time and transmits it to the main control unit; the original pixel signal extraction unit extracts the pixel signal of the input image and transmits it to the main control unit; the pixel correction and detail enhancement unit corrects and enhances the details of the input image according to the pixel mapping table corresponding to the current ambient light intensity and the extracted pixel signal; the adaptive voltage adjustment unit adjusts the driving voltage to drive the electrowetting display according to the pre-stored voltage-reflection brightness curve and the current ambient light intensity.

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