Method and system for calculating debris flow starting critical rainfall of ore drawing opening in mine laneway
By constructing a coupling model of surface rainfall and groundwater level and the critical equilibrium condition of fine particle blockage, the problem of calculating the critical rainfall that triggers debris flows at the ore outlet in mine tunnels was solved, accurate prediction and early warning of underground debris flows were achieved, and the risk of mine accidents was reduced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510920687.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-04
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-30
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies lack accurate methods to calculate the critical rainfall required to trigger debris flows at the dredging openings in mine tunnels, resulting in inaccurate predictions of underground debris flows and the inability to formulate effective emergency plans in advance, increasing the risk of mine equipment damage and production suspension.
A coupling model of surface rainfall and groundwater level was constructed. Combined with the physical parameters of the dredging mouth debris flow, the critical equilibrium and initiation constraint conditions of fine particle blockage were established. The relationship between the dredging mouth debris flow and rainfall was described using a nonlinear mathematical programming model, and the critical rainfall for initiating the dredging mouth debris flow in the mine tunnel was calculated.
The accuracy of calculating the critical rainfall for triggering mudslides at the ore outlet in mine tunnels has been improved, which can predict the occurrence of underground mudslides in advance, reduce equipment damage and production downtime, and improve emergency response efficiency.
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Figure CN120724906A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mine disaster analysis, and in particular to a method and system for calculating critical rainfall for triggering debris flow at a dredging opening in a mine tunnel. Background Art
[0002] Natural caving is a commonly used mining method. It involves the natural collapse of ore rocks under the action of their own weight stress and tectonic stress, and the ore is released through the ore outlet of the ore collection chute at the ore outlet level. However, this method may also cause underground debris flows. First, natural caving causes the surface to gradually collapse, forming an open pit. When rainfall increases, the surface rocks in the collapse pit are broken, providing a rich source of solid matter for the formation of debris flows. Second, rainfall and groundwater infiltration increase the amount of water in the collapse pit, mixing loose rocks and soil to form debris flows. Continuous rainfall and the accumulation of rainwater are important factors in inducing debris flows. Third, in the natural caving method, the continuous transportation of ore and the ore discharge activities will affect the stability of the surface and underground, providing a channel and inducing factors for debris flows.
[0003] On the one hand, underground debris flows can rapidly flood mines, threatening the lives of miners. On the other hand, they can damage mining equipment and potentially halt production, resulting in significant economic losses. Therefore, underground debris flow prediction is crucial in the mining industry and geological disaster prevention. Accurate prediction and early warning of underground debris flows can enable the development of detailed emergency plans and preventative measures, improving emergency response efficiency, minimizing losses, and reducing equipment damage and downtime.
[0004] Sustained rainfall is the primary trigger for underground debris flows, but currently there is no method to accurately predict their initiation. This is primarily due to difficulties in calculating rainfall runoff and the maximum infiltration rate into the ground, the unclear relationship between rainfall and groundwater levels in mining areas, and the lack of clarity regarding the critical conditions for initiating debris flows at mine outlets, leading to inaccurate predictions of debris flow initiation. Furthermore, limited research has been conducted on the mathematical relationship between surface rainfall and the initiation of debris flows at mine outlets.
[0005] In terms of predicting underground debris flows in mine tunnels caused by rainfall, there is no efficient method to calculate the critical rainfall that triggers debris flows at the dredging mouth. Therefore, it is urgent to establish a mathematical model to solve the critical rainfall in order to obtain accurate surface critical rainfall and provide basic data for the occurrence and prediction of underground debris flows. Summary of the Invention
[0006] In view of the shortcomings of existing methods and the needs of practical applications, in order to solve the problem of accurately calculating the critical rainfall for the initiation of mudflows at the dredging port in mine tunnels. On the one hand, the present invention provides a method for calculating the critical rainfall for the initiation of mudflows at the dredging port in mine tunnels, comprising the following steps: constructing a coupling model of surface rainfall and groundwater level; based on the physical parameters of the mudflow at the dredging port, constructing a critical equilibrium condition model for fine particle blockage in the mudflow at the dredging port and a starting constraint condition model for the mudflow at the dredging port; combining the coupling model, the critical equilibrium condition model and the starting constraint condition model to establish a critical rainfall calculation model; solving the critical rainfall calculation model to obtain the critical rainfall for the initiation of mudflows at the dredging port in mine tunnels.
[0007] The present invention establishes a coupling equation between the groundwater level and the rainfall based on the physical parameters of the dredging mouth debris flow and the total amount of rainfall infiltrating into the ground, thereby realizing a description of the relationship between the rainfall and the groundwater level in the mining area; simultaneously, the critical equilibrium condition of the fine-particle blockage and the starting constraint condition of the fine-particle blockage are considered to establish a critical constraint equation for the initiation of the dredging mouth debris flow, thus breaking through the limitation of the unclear constraint conditions in the existing; then, the established coupling equation, constraint equation, and objective function are integrated to construct a nonlinear mathematical programming model, and by introducing the nonlinear model, the complex relationship between the dredging mouth debris flow and the rainfall is accurately described, thereby improving the accuracy of calculating the critical rainfall for the initiation of the dredging mouth debris flow in the mine tunnel.
[0008] Optionally, constructing a coupled model of surface rainfall and groundwater level comprises the following steps: Based on the total rainfall, the total amount of rainfall infiltrating into the ground is calculated; through the total amount of rainfall infiltrating into the ground, a coupling model of surface rainfall and groundwater level is constructed.
[0009] Optionally, the total amount of rainfall infiltrating into the ground is calculated based on the total amount of rainfall, and satisfies the following formula:
[0010] in, is the total amount of rainfall that infiltrates into the ground. represents the rainfall infiltration coefficient, represents the equivalent rainfall area on the surface, Indicates the critical rainfall that triggers debris flow at the ore outlet.
[0011] Optionally, the coupling model of surface rainfall and groundwater level is constructed to satisfy the following formula:
[0012] in, Indicates the height of groundwater level after rainfall. is the total amount of rainfall that infiltrates into the ground. Indicates the calculated width of the debris flow occurrence area, represents the porosity of the ore body, The present invention constructs a coupling model between surface rainfall and groundwater level to obtain the relationship between rainfall and groundwater level in the mining area, which is conducive to accurately calculating the critical rainfall for the initiation of debris flow at the dredging port.
[0013] Optionally, the physical parameters of the debris flow at the ore discharge port include the height of the ground from the ore discharge port, the initial groundwater level, the height of the fine particle deposition area, the calculated width of the debris flow occurrence area, the width of the ore discharge port, the length of the ore discharge port, the equivalent rainfall area of the surface, the rainfall infiltration coefficient, the buoyant density of the ore body, the porosity of the ore body, the equivalent internal friction angle of the fine particle deposition area, the equivalent cohesion of the fine particle deposition area, and the lateral pressure coefficient of the ore body.
[0014] Optionally, the critical equilibrium condition model of fine particle blockage in the dredging port debris flow is constructed to satisfy the following formula:
[0015] in, Indicates the tangential force on the fine particle blockage, represents the equivalent rock pressure acting on the top of the fine-grained plug, Indicates the water pressure acting on the top of the fine particle plugging body, represents the gravity acting on the centroid of the fine particle plug, Indicates the buoyant density of the ore body, Indicates the height of groundwater level after rainfall. Indicates the height of the fine particle deposition area, Indicates the height from the ground to the ore draw port. Indicates the width of the ore draw opening. The present invention reflects the equilibrium limit state of the debris flow at the ore outlet through the critical equilibrium condition model of fine particle blockage, which is further conducive to accurately constructing the critical rainfall calculation model.
[0016] Optionally, the triggering constraint model of the dredging port debris flow satisfies the following formula:
[0017] in, represents the normal force on the fine particle blockage, represents the equivalent internal friction angle of the fine particle deposition zone, represents the equivalent cohesion of the fine particle deposition zone, Indicates the width of the ore draw opening. Indicates the length of the draw opening. Indicates the height of the fine particle deposition area, Indicates the height from the ground to the ore draw port. Indicates the buoyant density of the ore body, The present invention reflects the critical state of the start of the dredging port debris flow through the start constraint condition model of the dredging port debris flow, which is further conducive to accurately constructing the critical rainfall calculation model.
[0018] Optionally, the combining of the coupling model, the critical equilibrium condition model and the startup constraint condition model to establish a critical rainfall calculation model comprises the following steps: An optimization objective is set, and an objective function is constructed based on the optimization objective; the critical rainfall calculation model is established by combining the objective function, the coupling model, the critical equilibrium condition model, and the startup constraint condition model. The present invention constructs the critical rainfall calculation model using the objective function and the constraint conditions, enabling rapid and accurate solution results.
[0019] Optionally, the critical rainfall calculation model satisfies the following formula: , in, represents the maximum function, Indicates the critical rainfall for the initiation of debris flow at the dredging port. Indicates the height of groundwater level after rainfall. is the total amount of rainfall that infiltrates into the ground. Indicates the calculated width of the debris flow occurrence area, represents the porosity of the ore body, represents the initial groundwater level, Indicates the tangential force on the fine particle blockage, represents the equivalent rock pressure acting on the top of the fine-grained plug, Indicates the water pressure acting on the top of the fine particle plugging body, represents the gravity acting on the centroid of the fine particle plug, represents the normal force on the fine particle blockage, represents the equivalent internal friction angle of the fine particle deposition zone, represents the equivalent cohesion of the fine particle deposition zone, Indicates the width of the ore draw opening. Indicates the length of the draw opening. Indicates the buoyant density of the ore body, Indicates the height of the fine particle deposition area, Indicates the height from the ground to the ore draw port. is the total amount of rainfall on the surface, is the total amount of rainfall that infiltrates into the ground. represents the equivalent rainfall area on the surface, represents the rainfall infiltration coefficient, Represents the lateral pressure coefficient of the ore body.
[0020] In the second aspect, in order to be able to efficiently execute the method for calculating the critical rainfall for triggering a debris flow at a dredging opening in a mine tunnel provided by the present invention, the present invention also provides a system for calculating the critical rainfall for triggering a debris flow at a dredging opening in a mine tunnel, comprising a processor, an input device, an output device, and a memory, wherein the processor, input device, output device, and memory are interconnected, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program, the computer program includes program instructions, and the processor is configured to call the program instructions to execute the method for calculating the critical rainfall for triggering a debris flow at a dredging opening in a mine tunnel as described in the first aspect of the present invention. The system for calculating the critical rainfall for triggering a debris flow at a dredging opening in a mine tunnel provided by the present invention has a compact structure and stable performance, and can stably execute the method for calculating the critical rainfall for triggering a debris flow at a dredging opening in a mine tunnel provided by the present invention, further enhancing the overall applicability and practical application capabilities of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for calculating the critical rainfall amount for triggering a debris flow at a mine opening in a mine tunnel provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of a mine tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a force analysis diagram of a fine particle blockage at a mine tunnel opening according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A framework diagram of a system for calculating the critical rainfall for triggering debris flows at a mine opening in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. It should be noted that the embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the present invention. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that these specific details are not necessarily required to practice the present invention. In other instances, well-known circuits, software, or methods are not specifically described to avoid obscuring the present invention.
[0023] Throughout this specification, references to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "an example," or "an example" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment," "in an embodiment," "an example," or "an example" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable combinations and / or subcombinations in one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the figures provided herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not necessarily drawn to scale.
[0024] See also Figure 1 In order to solve the problem of accurately calculating the critical rainfall for triggering debris flow at the dredging opening in a mine tunnel. The present invention provides a method for calculating the critical rainfall for triggering debris flow at the dredging opening in a mine tunnel, such as Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, the method includes the following steps: S1. Construct a coupling model of surface rainfall and groundwater level.
[0025] Specifically, the construction of the coupling model of surface rainfall and groundwater level includes the following steps: S11. Calculate the total amount of rainfall that infiltrates into the ground based on the total amount of rainfall.
[0026] First, calculate the total rainfall,
[0027] in, Indicates the critical rainfall for the initiation of debris flow at the dredging port. is the total amount of rainfall on the surface, Represents the equivalent rainfall area of the surface.
[0028] Furthermore, the total amount of rainfall that infiltrates into the ground is calculated based on the total amount of rainfall.
[0029] in, represents the rainfall infiltration coefficient, is the total amount of rainfall on the surface, Represents the total amount of rainfall that infiltrates into the ground.
[0030] Furthermore, the total amount of rainfall infiltrating into the ground is calculated based on the total amount of rainfall, and the following formula is satisfied:
[0031] in, is the total amount of rainfall that infiltrates into the ground. represents the rainfall infiltration coefficient, represents the equivalent rainfall area on the surface, Indicates the critical rainfall that triggers debris flow at the ore outlet.
[0032] S12. Construct a coupling model between surface rainfall and groundwater level based on the total amount of rainfall infiltrating into the ground.
[0033] In the embodiment, a coupling model of surface rainfall and groundwater level is constructed based on the total amount of rainfall infiltrating into the ground, satisfying the following formula:
[0034] in, Indicates the height of groundwater level after rainfall. is the total amount of rainfall that infiltrates into the ground. Indicates the calculated width of the debris flow occurrence area, represents the porosity of the ore body, Indicates the initial groundwater level.
[0035] S2. Based on the physical parameters of the dredging port debris flow, a critical equilibrium condition model of fine particle blockage in the dredging port debris flow and a starting constraint condition model of the dredging port debris flow are constructed.
[0036] Specifically, the physical parameters of the debris flow at the ore discharge port include the height of the ground from the ore discharge port, the initial groundwater level, the height of the fine particle deposition area, the calculated width of the debris flow occurrence area, the width of the ore discharge port, the length of the ore discharge port, the equivalent rainfall area of the surface, the rainfall infiltration coefficient, the buoyant density of the ore body, the porosity of the ore body, the equivalent internal friction angle of the fine particle deposition area, the equivalent cohesion of the fine particle deposition area, and the lateral pressure coefficient of the ore body.
[0037] Furthermore, the critical equilibrium condition model of fine particle blockage in the dredging port debris flow is constructed to satisfy the following formula: , in, Indicates the tangential force on the fine particle blockage, represents the equivalent rock pressure acting on the top of the fine-grained plug, Indicates the water pressure acting on the top of the fine particle plugging body, represents the gravity acting on the centroid of the fine particle plug, Indicates the buoyant density of the ore body, Indicates the height of groundwater level after rainfall. Indicates the height of the fine particle deposition area, Indicates the height from the ground to the ore draw port. Indicates the width of the ore draw opening. Indicates the length of the ore draw opening.
[0038] Furthermore, the triggering constraint model of the dredging port debris flow satisfies the following formula: , in, represents the normal force on the fine particle blockage, represents the equivalent internal friction angle of the fine particle deposition zone, represents the equivalent cohesion of the fine particle deposition zone, Indicates the width of the ore draw opening. Indicates the length of the draw opening. Indicates the height of the fine particle deposition area, Indicates the height from the ground to the ore draw port. Indicates the buoyant density of the ore body, Represents the lateral pressure coefficient of the ore body.
[0039] S3. Establish a critical rainfall calculation model by combining the coupling model, the critical equilibrium condition model and the startup constraint condition model.
[0040] In an embodiment, the combination of the coupling model, the critical equilibrium condition model and the startup constraint condition model to establish a critical rainfall calculation model includes the following steps: S31. Setting an optimization goal, and constructing an objective function according to the optimization goal.
[0041] Specifically, the critical rainfall that triggers the debris flow at the dredging port is taken as the optimization target, and the objective function is established as follows:
[0042] in, represents the maximum function, Indicates the critical rainfall that triggers debris flow at the ore outlet.
[0043] S32. Establish the critical rainfall calculation model by combining the objective function, the coupling model, the critical equilibrium condition model and the startup constraint condition model.
[0044] Specifically, the objective function, the coupling model of surface rainfall and groundwater level, the critical equilibrium condition model for the initiation of dredging debris flow and the initiation constraint condition model are integrated to establish a nonlinear mathematical programming model of the critical rainfall for the initiation of dredging debris flow, namely the critical rainfall calculation model.
[0045] Specifically, the critical rainfall calculation model satisfies the following formula: , in, represents the maximum function, Indicates the critical rainfall for the initiation of debris flow at the dredging port. Indicates the height of groundwater level after rainfall. is the total amount of rainfall that infiltrates into the ground. Indicates the calculated width of the debris flow occurrence area, represents the porosity of the ore body, represents the initial groundwater level, Indicates the tangential force on the fine particle blockage, represents the equivalent rock pressure acting on the top of the fine-grained plug, Indicates the water pressure acting on the top of the fine particle plugging body, represents the gravity acting on the centroid of the fine particle plug, represents the normal force on the fine particle blockage, represents the equivalent internal friction angle of the fine particle deposition zone, represents the equivalent cohesion of the fine particle deposition zone, Indicates the width of the ore draw opening. Indicates the length of the draw opening. Indicates the buoyant density of the ore body, Indicates the height of the fine particle deposition area, Indicates the height from the ground to the ore draw port. is the total amount of rainfall on the surface, is the total amount of rainfall that infiltrates into the ground. represents the equivalent rainfall area on the surface, represents the rainfall infiltration coefficient, Represents the lateral pressure coefficient of the ore body.
[0046] S4. Solve the critical rainfall calculation model to obtain the critical rainfall for triggering mud-rock flow at the dredging opening in the mine tunnel.
[0047] In the embodiment, the known parameters 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 Substitute the critical rainfall for the triggering of debris flow at the ore outlet into the nonlinear mathematical programming model to maximize the critical rainfall for the triggering of debris flow at the ore outlet As the objective function, 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 The nonlinear mathematical programming model is solved using the “interior point algorithm” and the critical rainfall for triggering debris flow at the dredging port and the calculation results of the decision variables are obtained.
[0048] For example, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the following data description is given in combination with the method of the present invention: The given basic parameters are as follows: the height from the ground to the ore opening Take 110m as the initial groundwater level Take 40m, the height of fine particle deposition area Take 20m to calculate the width of the debris flow area Take 160m as the width of the ore opening Take 4m as the length of the ore opening Take 3m, the equivalent rainfall area of the surface Take 4000000m 2 , rainfall infiltration coefficient Take 0.65, the buoyant density of the ore body Take 13kN / m 3 , the porosity of the ore body Take 0.35, the equivalent internal friction angle of the fine particle deposition area Take 18 degrees, the equivalent cohesion of the fine particle deposition area Take 100kPa, the lateral pressure coefficient of the ore body Take 0.3.
[0049] The known parameters 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 Substitute the critical rainfall for the triggering of debris flow at the ore outlet into the nonlinear mathematical programming model, and take the critical rainfall for the triggering of debris flow at the ore outlet as the As the objective function, 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 The nonlinear mathematical programming model is solved using the “interior point algorithm” and the critical rainfall for triggering the debris flow at the dredging port is obtained to be 126.7 mm. The calculation results of the decision variables are shown in Table 1.
[0050]
[0051] Table 1 Statistical table of calculation results of the embodiment See also Figure 4 In an embodiment, in order to efficiently execute the method for calculating the critical rainfall for triggering a debris flow at a dredging opening in a mine tunnel provided by the present invention, the present invention further provides a system for calculating the critical rainfall for triggering a debris flow at a dredging opening in a mine tunnel, comprising: an input device, an output device, a processor, and a memory, wherein the input device, output device, processor, and memory are interconnected, and the memory contains program instructions, which are used for the steps of the method for calculating the critical rainfall for triggering a debris flow at a dredging opening in a mine tunnel. The system for calculating the critical rainfall for triggering a debris flow at a dredging opening in a mine tunnel provided by the present invention has a compact structure and stable performance, and can stably execute the method for calculating the critical rainfall for triggering a debris flow at a dredging opening in a mine tunnel provided by the present invention, further enhancing the overall applicability and practical application capabilities of the present invention.
[0052] In an embodiment, the processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), which may also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor, etc. The input device may be used to obtain data information. The output device may be used to output the results obtained by storing the program instructions contained in the computer program in the memory provided by the present invention. The memory may include a read-only memory and a random access memory, and provides instructions and data to the processor. A portion of the memory may also include a non-volatile random access memory.
[0053] In one possible implementation, the memory may include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store an operating system and at least one application required for a function, etc.; the data storage area may store data created during use. In addition, the memory may include a read-only memory and a random access memory, and provide instructions and data to the processor. A portion of the memory may also include NVRAM. The memory stores an operating system and operating instructions, executable modules or data structures, or a subset thereof, or an extended set thereof, wherein the operating instructions may include various operating instructions for implementing various operations. The operating system may include various system programs for implementing various basic tasks and processing hardware-based tasks.
[0054] An embodiment further provides a storage medium having a computer program stored thereon. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method for calculating the critical rainfall amount for triggering debris flow at a dredging opening in a mine tunnel are implemented.
[0055] The storage medium may include: a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, etc., which can store program codes.
[0056] In summary, the present invention is based on the physical parameters of the dredging mouth debris flow and the total amount of rainfall infiltrating into the ground, and establishes a coupling equation between the groundwater level and the rainfall, thereby realizing the description of the relationship between the rainfall and the groundwater level in the mining area; at the same time, the critical equilibrium conditions of the fine particle blockage and the starting constraint conditions of the fine particle blockage are considered to establish the critical constraint equation for the initiation of the dredging mouth debris flow, breaking through the limitations of the existing unclear constraint conditions; then the established coupling equation, constraint equation, and objective function are integrated to construct a nonlinear mathematical programming model, and by introducing the nonlinear model, the complex relationship between the dredging mouth debris flow and rainfall is accurately described, thereby improving the accuracy of the calculation of the critical rainfall for the initiation of the dredging mouth debris flow in the mine tunnel.
[0057] Therefore, the present invention effectively overcomes various shortcomings of the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
[0058] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be included in the scope described in the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for calculating the critical rainfall for triggering debris flow at the dredging opening in a mine tunnel, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Construct a coupled model of surface rainfall and groundwater levels; Based on the physical parameters of the dredging debris flow, a critical equilibrium condition model of fine particle blockage in the dredging debris flow and a starting constraint condition model of the dredging debris flow were constructed. Combining the coupling model, the critical equilibrium condition model and the start-up constraint condition model, a critical rainfall calculation model is established; The critical rainfall calculation model is solved to obtain the critical rainfall for initiating mud-rock flow at the dredging opening in the mine tunnel.
2. The method for calculating the critical rainfall for triggering debris flow at the dredging opening in a mine tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The construction of the coupling model of surface rainfall and groundwater level comprises the following steps: Based on the total rainfall, calculate the total amount of rainfall that infiltrates into the ground; The total amount of rainfall infiltrating into the ground is used to construct a coupling model of surface rainfall and groundwater level.
3. The method for calculating the critical rainfall for triggering debris flow at the dredging opening in a mine tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The total amount of rainfall that infiltrates into the ground is calculated based on the total amount of rainfall, and the following formula is satisfied: , in, is the total amount of rainfall that infiltrates into the ground. represents the rainfall infiltration coefficient, represents the equivalent rainfall area on the surface, Indicates the critical rainfall that triggers debris flow at the ore outlet.
4. The method for calculating the critical rainfall for triggering debris flow at the dredging opening in a mine tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The coupling model of surface rainfall and groundwater level is constructed to meet the following formula: , in, Indicates the height of groundwater level after rainfall. is the total amount of rainfall that infiltrates into the ground. Indicates the calculated width of the debris flow occurrence area, represents the porosity of the ore body, Indicates the initial groundwater level.
5. The method for calculating the critical rainfall for triggering debris flow at the dredging opening in a mine tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The physical parameters of the debris flow at the ore draw port include the height of the ground from the ore draw port, the initial groundwater level, the height of the fine particle deposition area, the calculated width of the debris flow occurrence area, the width of the ore draw port, the length of the ore draw port, the equivalent rainfall area of the surface, the rainfall infiltration coefficient, the buoyant density of the ore body, the porosity of the ore body, the equivalent internal friction angle of the fine particle deposition area, the equivalent cohesion of the fine particle deposition area, and the lateral pressure coefficient of the ore body.
6. The method for calculating the critical rainfall for triggering debris flow at the dredging opening in a mine tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The critical equilibrium condition model of fine particle blockage in the dredging port debris flow is constructed to meet the following formula: ,in, Indicates the tangential force on the fine particle blockage, represents the equivalent rock pressure acting on the top of the fine-grained plug, Indicates the water pressure acting on the top of the fine particle plugging body, represents the gravity acting on the centroid of the fine particle plug, Indicates the buoyant density of the ore body, Indicates the height of groundwater level after rainfall. Indicates the height of the fine particle deposition area, Indicates the height from the ground to the ore draw port. Indicates the width of the ore draw opening. Indicates the length of the ore draw opening.
7. The method for calculating the critical rainfall for triggering debris flow at the dredging opening in a mine tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The initiation constraint model of the dredging port debris flow satisfies the following formula: ， in, represents the normal force on the fine particle blockage, represents the equivalent internal friction angle of the fine particle deposition zone, represents the equivalent cohesion of the fine particle deposition zone, Indicates the width of the ore draw opening. Indicates the length of the draw opening. Indicates the height of the fine particle deposition area, Indicates the height from the ground to the ore draw port. Indicates the buoyant density of the ore body, Represents the lateral pressure coefficient of the ore body.
8. The method for calculating the critical rainfall for triggering debris flow at the dredging opening in a mine tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of establishing a critical rainfall calculation model by combining the coupling model, the critical equilibrium condition model and the startup constraint condition model comprises the following steps: Setting an optimization goal and constructing an objective function according to the optimization goal; The critical rainfall calculation model is established by combining the objective function, the coupling model, the critical equilibrium condition model and the startup constraint condition model.
9. The method for calculating the critical rainfall for triggering debris flow at the dredging opening in a mine tunnel according to claim 8, characterized in that: The critical rainfall calculation model satisfies the following formula: ， in, represents the maximum function, Indicates the critical rainfall for the initiation of debris flow at the dredging port. Indicates the height of groundwater level after rainfall. is the total amount of rainfall that infiltrates into the ground. Indicates the calculated width of the debris flow occurrence area, represents the porosity of the ore body, represents the initial groundwater level, Indicates the tangential force on the fine particle blockage, represents the equivalent rock pressure acting on the top of the fine particle plug, Indicates the water pressure acting on the top of the fine particle plugging body, represents the gravity acting on the centroid of the fine particle plug, represents the normal force on the fine particle blockage, represents the equivalent internal friction angle of the fine particle deposition zone, represents the equivalent cohesion of the fine particle deposition zone, Indicates the width of the ore draw opening. Indicates the length of the draw opening. Indicates the buoyant density of the ore body, Indicates the height of the fine particle deposition area, Indicates the height from the ground to the ore draw port. is the total amount of rainfall on the surface, is the total amount of rainfall that infiltrates into the ground. represents the equivalent rainfall area on the surface, represents the rainfall infiltration coefficient, Represents the lateral pressure coefficient of the ore body.
10. A system for calculating the critical rainfall for triggering debris flow at the dredging opening in a mine tunnel, characterized in that: The system for calculating the critical rainfall amount for triggering a debris flow at a dredging opening in a mine tunnel includes: an input device, an output device, a processor, and a memory. The input device, output device, processor, and memory are interconnected. The memory includes program instructions, and the program instructions are used to execute the method for calculating the critical rainfall amount for triggering a debris flow at a dredging opening in a mine tunnel as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.