A warehouse management system and method based on RFID electronic tag positioning

Abstract

This invention discloses a warehouse management system and method based on RFID electronic tag positioning, comprising the following steps: deploying multiple RFID readers to construct a temporal resonant excitation field; writing a set of response control parameters and binding RFID electronic tags to the items to be managed; determining whether a response state has been entered and constructing a tag response time set; performing preliminary tag positioning to generate initial three-dimensional spatial coordinates; collecting electromagnetic environment information to perform further judgment and jointly determining whether a response state has been entered; constructing a virtual tag response model to generate completed three-dimensional spatial coordinates; constructing tag response behavior characteristics and generating disturbance scheduling parameters; and writing the spatial behavior attribute set of RFID electronic tags into the warehouse management system. This invention uses temporal resonance and virtual tag modeling to achieve accurate RFID warehouse positioning, anomaly completion, and high-density, efficient inventory management.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent warehouse management, and in particular to a warehouse management system and method based on RFID electronic tag positioning. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, RFID electronic tags are widely used in warehouse management and logistics for the identification and storage of goods. Traditional RFID positioning methods mostly use algorithms such as received signal strength indication, arrival time, and time difference of arrival for tag spatial positioning. However, these methods are generally affected by multipath interference, obstruction, signal reflection, and environmental noise in actual warehouse environments, making it difficult to guarantee tag positioning accuracy. They also have high requirements for reader deployment density and system cost. In addition, most existing RFID tags are passive responses and lack adaptive response judgment and environmental perception capabilities.

[0003] Under current technological conditions, warehouse management systems generally struggle to address issues such as tag response separation, spatial positioning completion, automatic inventory, and intelligent scheduling in high-density item deployment and complex electromagnetic environments. They also lack intelligent modeling and dynamic compensation mechanisms for tag historical behavior, environmental changes, and abnormal responses. Summary of the Invention

[0004] One objective of this invention is to propose a warehouse management system and method based on RFID electronic tag positioning. This invention uses temporal resonance and virtual tag modeling to achieve accurate RFID warehouse positioning, anomaly compensation, and high-density, efficient inventory counting.

[0005] A warehouse management method based on RFID electronic tag positioning according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0006] Multiple RFID readers are deployed in the warehouse space and clock-synchronized to control each RFID reader to emit electromagnetic pulse excitation signals, thereby constructing a time-series resonant excitation field.

[0007] Write a set of response control parameters to each RFID tag and bind the RFID tag to the item to be managed;

[0008] The system determines whether to enter the response state based on the set of response control parameters. Once the RFID tag enters the response state, it sends a response signal to multiple RFID readers. The system collects the tag response times received by the RFID readers and generates a set of tag response times.

[0009] The tag response time difference sequence is calculated based on the tag response time set, and the time difference and spatial location mapping model is called to perform preliminary tag localization and generate initial three-dimensional spatial coordinates;

[0010] During the response state determination process, electromagnetic environment information is collected to perform further determination, and a joint judgment is made on whether to enter the response state.

[0011] A virtual tag response model is constructed based on historical response data and electromagnetic environment information. When an abnormal response occurs, the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of the RFID electronic tag are reconstructed to generate a complete three-dimensional spatial coordinate.

[0012] During the tag inventory task, tag response behavior characteristics are constructed based on historical response data, and disturbance scheduling parameters are generated.

[0013] The spatial behavior attribute set of RFID electronic tags is written into the warehouse management system. The spatial behavior attribute set includes the initial three-dimensional spatial coordinates, response status, electromagnetic environment information, the completed three-dimensional spatial coordinates, and tag response behavior characteristics.

[0014] Optionally, the construction of the temporal resonant excitation field specifically includes:

[0015] The warehouse space structure is divided into spatial grids, dividing the entire warehouse into multiple three-dimensional positioning unit areas. Based on the preset spatial distribution density standard, multiple RFID readers are deployed at the geometric center of each three-dimensional positioning unit area.

[0016] Perform clock synchronization configuration on all RFID readers, synchronize the system local clock of each RFID reader to the global unified time base, and build a unified time-driven signal scheduling table based on the time base;

[0017] The timing format for the electromagnetic pulse excitation signal emitted by the RFID reader is set to a narrow pulse sequence;

[0018] All RFID readers are controlled to emit electromagnetic pulse excitation signals sequentially on the time axis according to the time-driven signal scheduling table, and the pulse emission time difference between adjacent RFID readers is ensured not to exceed the timing tolerance threshold, so as to form a continuous spatial interference wave field.

[0019] Electromagnetic pulse excitation signals emitted synchronously at multiple points are superimposed in space to form an interference region. A temporal resonant excitation field is constructed in the interference region, and the spatial response function of the temporal resonant excitation field is defined.

[0020] By adjusting the transmission power and waveform modulation parameters of the RFID reader, the spatial response intensity in each spatial positioning unit is ensured to reach the tag response threshold, ultimately forming a stable temporal resonant excitation field.

[0021] Optionally, the binding to the item to be managed specifically includes:

[0022] Assign a unique item identifier to each item to be managed and generate item identifier code information;

[0023] Write the item identification code information into the storage area of ​​the RFID electronic tag to complete the initial binding operation between the item identification and the RFID electronic tag;

[0024] Construct a set of response control parameters;

[0025] Write the set of response control parameters into the response control logic module of the RFID electronic tag;

[0026] The configured RFID electronic tags are then fixedly installed onto the corresponding items to be managed.

[0027] Optionally, the generation of the tag response time set specifically includes:

[0028] Under the action of the temporal resonant excitation field, the RFID electronic tag receives the magnetic pulse excitation signal and, based on the written set of response control parameters, determines whether the conditions for entering the response state are met through the response control logic module of the RFID electronic tag.

[0029] When the conditions for entering the response state are met, the RFID electronic tag immediately enters the response state and actively sends response signals to multiple RFID readers.

[0030] After completing the clock synchronization configuration, each RFID reader receives the response signal of the RFID electronic tag within its coverage area, records the reception time of each RFID electronic tag response signal, and combines the unique identifier, the spatial identification number of the RFID reader, and the reception time into response time record data.

[0031] The response time records of multiple RFID readers for the same RFID electronic tag are calibrated to eliminate abnormal response times caused by synchronization errors and environmental noise, and a tag response time set is generated.

[0032] Optionally, the preliminary tag localization specifically includes:

[0033] Based on the set of tag response times, select any RFID reader as the time reference benchmark, subtract the reception time of all remaining RFID readers from the reception time of the benchmark RFID reader, calculate the response time difference between each reader and the benchmark reader in turn, and generate a tag response time difference sequence.

[0034] The tag response time difference sequence, the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of each RFID reader, and the electromagnetic wave propagation speed are input into the time difference and spatial position mapping model. The least squares method is used to perform preliminary tag positioning and generate the initial three-dimensional spatial coordinates of each RFID electronic tag.

[0035] Optionally, the joint determination of whether to enter the response state specifically includes:

[0036] During the response status determination process, the RFID electronic tag performs a basic determination on the received electromagnetic pulse excitation signal based on the internally written set of response control parameters to determine whether the response determination conditions are met.

[0037] After the basic judgment conditions are met, the electromagnetic environment information of the location of the RFID electronic tag is further collected. The electromagnetic environment information includes background noise, spatial reflection characteristics and phase delay.

[0038] The collected electromagnetic environment information is input into the response control logic module of the RFID electronic tag. Combined with the current temporal resonant excitation field state, the response state determination is jointly performed based on the electromagnetic environment information and the temporal resonant excitation field state. The RFID electronic tag only enters the response state when both the response control parameter set determination and the environmental joint determination criteria are met simultaneously. Specifically, the electromagnetic environment information and the current temporal resonant excitation field state are jointly input into the environmental joint determination unit. The spatial interference of the signal, noise disturbance, and the excitation effectiveness of the temporal resonant excitation field are comprehensively analyzed. Only when the electromagnetic environment information meets the preset tolerance threshold and the temporal resonant excitation field state meets the excitation conditions will the response control logic determine that the tag enters the response state; otherwise, the tag remains silent and does not respond.

[0039] Optionally, the generation of the completed three-dimensional spatial coordinates specifically includes:

[0040] For each RFID electronic tag, historical response data within each excitation cycle is continuously summarized. The historical response data includes a unique identifier, the response status of each excitation cycle, the initial three-dimensional spatial coordinates, and the tag response time set. The response status includes responded, not responded, and abnormal response.

[0041] Based on historical response data and electromagnetic environment information, the LiNGAM method is used to analyze the linear relationship between variables, automatically infer the directed causal relationship between the historical response behavior of RFID electronic tags, electromagnetic environment information and the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of RFID electronic tags, and obtain a virtual tag response model. The LiNGAM method is a linear non-Gaussian directed acyclic graph model.

[0042] During the execution of the tag spatial positioning task, the current response status of each RFID tag is monitored in real time. When an abnormal response of the RFID tag is detected in the current excitation cycle, the virtual tag response model is invoked. The electromagnetic environment information of the current excitation cycle and historical response data are used as input variables. Based on the virtual tag response model, the three-dimensional spatial coordinates are reconstructed to generate reconstructed coordinates. Specifically, using the virtual tag response causal model, the causal weight matrix is ​​obtained according to the historical response data and electromagnetic environment information in the current excitation cycle. All observed variable values ​​are multiplied by the corresponding causal weights and summed to obtain the completed three-dimensional spatial coordinates.

[0043] The completed 3D spatial coordinates are archived together with the initial 3D spatial coordinates into the label space data set.

[0044] Optionally, the causal weight matrix is ​​a lower triangular matrix.

[0045] Optionally, the generation of the disturbance scheduling parameters specifically includes:

[0046] During the tag inventory process, the tag response behavior characteristics are statistically analyzed and constructed in real time for each RFID electronic tag.

[0047] The tag response behavior characteristics are normalized and a perturbation scheduling parameter is generated by weighted superposition. The perturbation scheduling parameter is used to adjust the amplitude and timing of the RFID reader output signal.

[0048] The disturbance scheduling parameters calculated for each RFID tag are linearly mapped to the disturbance amplitude and disturbance interval of the electromagnetic pulse excitation signal, and the mapping results are used as the exclusive disturbance scheduling parameters within the inventory cycle of the RFID tag.

[0049] The RFID reader dynamically adjusts the amplitude and timing of the electromagnetic pulse excitation signal according to the disturbance scheduling parameters, and controls the RFID reader to output an electromagnetic pulse excitation signal with disturbance modulation.

[0050] A warehouse management system based on RFID electronic tag positioning according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0051] An RFID reader deployment module is used to distribute multiple RFID readers within a warehouse space to construct a temporal resonant excitation field.

[0052] The RFID electronic tag management module is used for tag initialization configuration.

[0053] The tag response acquisition module is used to generate a set of tag response times under the action of a temporal resonant excitation field;

[0054] The tag initial localization and environmental perception module is used to calculate the initial three-dimensional spatial coordinates of the tag based on the tag response time set and spatial position mapping model, collect electromagnetic environment information, and perform response state determination.

[0055] The virtual tag response modeling and completion module is used to construct a virtual tag response model based on historical response data and electromagnetic environment information, and to complete the three-dimensional spatial coordinates when an abnormal response is detected.

[0056] The tag behavior analysis and scheduling module is used to statistically analyze and normalize the tag response behavior characteristics, generate disturbance scheduling parameters, and control the RFID reader to dynamically adjust the electromagnetic pulse excitation signal.

[0057] The warehouse management database is used to store the three-dimensional spatial coordinates, response status, electromagnetic environment information, completed three-dimensional spatial coordinates, and tag response behavior characteristics of RFID electronic tags.

[0058] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0059] This invention provides a warehouse management method and system based on RFID electronic tag positioning, effectively overcoming the problems of low positioning accuracy, difficult response separation, and weak abnormal response completion capability of existing technologies in complex electromagnetic environments. By deploying multiple clock-synchronized RFID readers in the warehouse space, a temporal resonant excitation field is constructed to achieve precise control of the spatial electromagnetic wave field, improving the spatial resolution of tag excitation and the separation degree of concurrent responses from multiple tags. By introducing a set of response control parameters and an internal response control logic module for the tag, the RFID electronic tag can not only intelligently determine external excitation signals, but also perform joint discrimination based on the current electromagnetic environment information and the state of the temporal resonant excitation field, achieving high-precision and anti-interference determination of the response state, and improving the reliability of tag response in environments with obstruction, multipath interference, and noise interference.

[0060] Furthermore, this invention introduces the virtual tag response modeling method and LiNGAM into the warehouse positioning process, realizing the spatiotemporal correlation modeling of historical response data of RFID electronic tags and electromagnetic environment information. When encountering complex scenarios such as response anomalies, missing responses, or incomplete spatial positioning data, the virtual tag response model can be used to reverse reconstruct and intelligently complete the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of the tag, ensuring that the warehouse management system can still output continuous, complete, and high-confidence item positioning and tracking results under various uncertain conditions. In addition, this invention uses behavioral feature statistics and perturbation scheduling mechanisms to dynamically generate personalized perturbation scheduling parameters based on the response performance of each tag in the historical inventory cycle, controlling the RFID reader to output electromagnetic pulse excitation signals with perturbation modulation, thereby improving the recognition rate and response separation of multi-tag inventory under high-density deployment. Attached Figure Description

[0061] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0062] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a warehouse management method based on RFID electronic tag positioning proposed in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0063] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, illustrating only the basic structure of the invention, and therefore only show the components relevant to the invention.

[0064] refer to Figure 1 A warehouse management method based on RFID electronic tag positioning includes the following steps:

[0065] Multiple RFID readers are deployed in the warehouse space and clock-synchronized to control each RFID reader to emit electromagnetic pulse excitation signals, thereby constructing a time-series resonant excitation field.

[0066] Write a set of response control parameters to each RFID tag and bind the RFID tag to the item to be managed;

[0067] Under the action of the temporal resonant excitation field, the RFID electronic tag determines whether to enter the response state based on the set of response control parameters. The RFID electronic tag that enters the response state sends response signals to multiple RFID readers and collects the tag response time received by the RFID readers to generate a tag response time set.

[0068] The tag response time difference sequence is calculated based on the tag response time set, and the time difference and spatial location mapping model is called to perform preliminary tag positioning and generate the initial three-dimensional spatial coordinates of the RFID electronic tag.

[0069] During the response state determination process, electromagnetic environment information of the location of the RFID electronic tag is collected. Based on the completion of the response control parameter set determination, further determination is performed. The electromagnetic environment information is input into the response control logic inside the RFID electronic tag. Based on the electromagnetic environment information and the temporal resonant excitation field state, it is jointly determined whether the RFID electronic tag has entered the response state.

[0070] A virtual tag response model is constructed based on the historical response data and electromagnetic environment information of RFID electronic tags to simulate the expected response behavior of RFID electronic tags. When there is an abnormal response, the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of the RFID electronic tags are reconstructed to generate the completed three-dimensional spatial coordinates.

[0071] During the tag inventory process, tag response behavior characteristics are constructed based on historical response data, and disturbance scheduling parameters are generated to control the RFID reader to output electromagnetic pulse excitation signals with disturbance modulation.

[0072] The initial three-dimensional spatial coordinates, response status, electromagnetic environment information, completed three-dimensional spatial coordinates, and tag response behavior characteristics of RFID electronic tags are written into the warehouse management system to complete the automatic positioning, identification, inventory, and scheduling management of items.

[0073] In this embodiment, the construction of the temporal resonant excitation field specifically includes:

[0074] In the warehouse space structure, a spatial grid is divided to divide the entire warehouse into multiple three-dimensional positioning unit areas. According to the preset spatial distribution density standard, multiple RFID readers are deployed at the geometric center of each three-dimensional positioning unit area. Each RFID reader has a unique spatial identification number.

[0075] Clock synchronization configuration is performed on all RFID readers to synchronize the system local clock of each RFID reader to a global unified time reference, and a unified time-driven signal scheduling table is constructed based on the time reference. The time-driven signal scheduling table is used to constrain the RFID readers to emit electromagnetic pulse excitation signals according to a preset period.

[0076] Configure the timing format of the electromagnetic pulse excitation signal emitted by the RFID reader / writer as a narrow pulse sequence:

[0077] ;

[0078] in, Indicates time The amplitude of the electromagnetic pulse excitation signal under the current, This indicates the maximum amplitude of the electromagnetic pulse excitation signal. Indicates the pulse center time. This represents the pulse width modulation factor. Represents the natural exponential function;

[0079] All RFID readers are controlled to emit electromagnetic pulse excitation signals sequentially on the time axis according to the time-driven signal scheduling table, and the pulse emission time difference between adjacent RFID readers is ensured not to exceed the timing tolerance threshold, so as to form a continuous spatial interference wave field.

[0080] Electromagnetic pulse excitation signals emitted synchronously at multiple points are superimposed in space to form an interference region. A temporal resonant excitation field is constructed in the interference region, and the spatial response function of the temporal resonant excitation field is defined:

[0081] ;

[0082] in, Represents the spatial response function. Represents coordinates in three-dimensional space and time Spatial response intensity at that location This indicates the total number of RFID readers. Indicates the first An RFID reader / writer has a trigger delay. The electromagnetic pulse excitation signal emitted later, Indicates the first The triggering delay of each reader / writer Indicates the first The three-dimensional spatial coordinates of an RFID reader / writer Indicates the first An RFID reader in three-dimensional space coordinates The unit impulse response at the location;

[0083] The time-series resonant excitation field refers to the electromagnetic pulse excitation signals emitted by multiple synchronously controlled RFID readers in a time sequence, which are superimposed in the spatial and temporal dimensions to form a field structure with resonant interference characteristics, used to excite RFID electronic tags in this field to produce distinguishable response behavior.

[0084] By adjusting the transmission power and waveform modulation parameters of the RFID reader, the spatial response intensity in each spatial positioning unit is ensured to reach the tag response threshold, thus forming a stable temporal resonance excitation field. The tag response threshold refers to the minimum excitation intensity limit that the RFID electronic tag uses to determine whether it has entered the response state.

[0085] In this embodiment, the binding to the item to be managed specifically includes:

[0086] Assign a unique item identifier to each item to be managed and generate item identifier code information;

[0087] Write the item identification code information into the storage area of ​​the RFID electronic tag to complete the initial binding operation between the item identification and the RFID electronic tag;

[0088] A set of response control parameters is constructed, which includes a tag response threshold, a response delay tolerance, and a background interference tolerance coefficient, to limit the conditions for determining whether an RFID electronic tag enters a response state under the action of an electromagnetic pulse excitation signal.

[0089] Write the set of response control parameters into the response control logic module of the RFID electronic tag, configure the internal response determination mechanism, and enable the RFID electronic tag to determine whether to enter the response state based on the received electromagnetic pulse excitation signal and electromagnetic environment state.

[0090] The configured RFID electronic tags are fixedly installed on the corresponding items to be managed, so as to achieve one-to-one binding between the items and the RFID electronic tags.

[0091] In this embodiment, the generation of the tag response time set specifically includes:

[0092] Under the action of the temporal resonant excitation field, the RFID electronic tag receives the magnetic pulse excitation signal and, based on the written set of response control parameters, determines whether the conditions for entering the response state are met through the response control logic module of the RFID electronic tag.

[0093] The determination condition is that, under the action of a time-series resonant excitation field, the RFID electronic tag receives electromagnetic pulse excitation signals from multiple RFID readers through its built-in radio frequency receiving unit. Amplitude detection and time window synchronization processing are performed on all received electromagnetic pulse excitation signals. Then, the detected instantaneous signal strength, pulse arrival time, and current environmental noise level are compared one by one with the set of response control parameters stored inside the tag. Specifically, the comparison and determination are performed through the response control logic module embedded in the RFID electronic tag: if the instantaneous signal strength of the received electromagnetic pulse excitation signal is higher than the tag's response threshold, the pulse arrival time is within the allowable response delay tolerance range, and the current environmental noise level is lower than the background interference tolerance coefficient, then the tag automatically switches to the response state; otherwise, it remains silent.

[0094] The comparison and determination ensures that the RFID electronic tag can efficiently and accurately complete the response determination and enter the response state based on its own set parameters in a complex electromagnetic environment;

[0095] When the conditions for entering the response state are met, the RFID electronic tag immediately enters the response state and actively sends response signals to multiple RFID readers. The response signal contains the unique identifier of the RFID electronic tag and the current response event number, which are used for tag identification and event recording.

[0096] After completing the clock synchronization configuration, each RFID reader receives the response signal of the RFID electronic tag within its coverage area, records the reception time of each RFID electronic tag response signal, and combines the unique identifier, the spatial identification number of the RFID reader, and the reception time into response time record data.

[0097] The response time records of multiple RFID readers for the same RFID electronic tag are calibrated to eliminate abnormal response times caused by synchronization errors and environmental noise, and a tag response time set is generated.

[0098] In this embodiment, the preliminary tag positioning specifically includes:

[0099] Based on the set of tag response times, select any RFID reader as the time reference benchmark, subtract the reception time of all remaining RFID readers from the reception time of the benchmark RFID reader, calculate the response time difference between each reader and the benchmark reader in turn, and generate a tag response time difference sequence.

[0100] The tag response time difference sequence, the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of each RFID reader, and the electromagnetic wave propagation speed are input into the time difference and spatial position mapping model. The least squares method is used to perform preliminary tag positioning and generate the initial three-dimensional spatial coordinates of each RFID electronic tag.

[0101] The mathematical relationship established by the time difference and spatial location mapping model is as follows: the response time difference between each RFID reader and the reference RFID reader is equal to the difference between the spatial distance from the RFID electronic tag to the RFID reader and the spatial distance from the RFID electronic tag to the reference RFID reader, divided by the electromagnetic wave propagation speed.

[0102] In this embodiment, the joint determination of whether to enter the response state specifically includes:

[0103] During the response status determination process, the RFID electronic tag performs a basic determination on the received electromagnetic pulse excitation signal based on the internally written set of response control parameters to determine whether the response determination conditions are met.

[0104] After the basic judgment conditions are met, the electromagnetic environment information of the location of the RFID electronic tag is further collected. The electromagnetic environment information includes background noise, spatial reflection characteristics and phase delay.

[0105] The collected electromagnetic environment information is input into the response control logic module of the RFID tag. Combined with the current temporal resonant excitation field state, the response state determination is jointly performed based on the electromagnetic environment information and the temporal resonant excitation field state. The RFID tag only enters the response state when both the response control parameter set determination and the environmental joint determination criteria are met simultaneously. Specifically, the electromagnetic environment information and the current temporal resonant excitation field state are jointly input into the environmental joint determination unit. The spatial interference of the signal, noise disturbance, and the excitation effectiveness of the temporal resonant excitation field are comprehensively analyzed. Only when the electromagnetic environment information meets the preset tolerance threshold and the temporal resonant excitation field state meets the excitation conditions will the response control logic determine that the tag enters the response state; otherwise, the tag remains silent and does not respond. Through the joint determination mechanism, the RFID tag can accurately determine the response conditions in complex electromagnetic environments.

[0106] The temporal resonance excitation field state satisfies the excitation conditions, specifically including:

[0107] Amplitude detection and timestamp marking are performed on all received electromagnetic pulse excitation signals, and the arrival time of each detected electromagnetic pulse excitation signal is synchronized with the internal clock reference of the tag.

[0108] Cluster analysis is performed on the arrival times of all electromagnetic pulse excitation signals within the period to determine whether all electromagnetic pulse excitation signals fall simultaneously within the preset minimum phase resonance window, and the maximum timing difference between pulse signals is calculated. If the maximum timing difference is less than the set synchronization threshold, the timing synchronization requirement is determined to be met.

[0109] The amplitudes of all time-synchronized electromagnetic pulse excitation signals are superimposed to calculate the spatial resonance peak value, and it is determined whether the spatial resonance peak value is higher than the set resonance threshold.

[0110] Based on the phase distribution characteristics of the superimposed signals, spatial phase consistency is determined to ensure that no significant phase disturbance occurs. Only when the arrival time of all electromagnetic pulse excitation signals in this cycle meets the minimum phase resonance window requirement, the maximum timing difference is less than the synchronization threshold, the spatial resonance peak value is higher than the resonance threshold, and the spatial phase consistency meets the set standard, will the tag's internal response control logic module determine that the "timing resonance excitation field state" meets the excitation conditions and enter the response state determination process. If any criterion is not met, the excitation conditions are determined not to be met in this cycle, and the RFID electronic tag remains silent.

[0111] In this embodiment, the generation of the completed three-dimensional spatial coordinates specifically includes:

[0112] For each RFID electronic tag, historical response data within each excitation cycle is continuously summarized. The historical response data includes a unique identifier, the response status of each excitation cycle, the initial three-dimensional spatial coordinates, and the tag response time set. The response status includes responded, not responded, and abnormal response.

[0113] Based on historical response data and electromagnetic environment information, the LiNGAM method is used to analyze the linear relationship between variables, automatically infer the directed causal relationship between the historical response behavior of RFID electronic tags, electromagnetic environment information and the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of RFID electronic tags, and obtain a virtual tag response model. The LiNGAM method is a linear non-Gaussian directed acyclic graph model.

[0114] The construction of the virtual tag response model includes:

[0115] The historical response data and electromagnetic environment information of each RFID electronic tag are uniformly organized into a multidimensional observation variable matrix, and all variable samples are aligned according to time and unique identifier. Each column of the multidimensional observation variable matrix corresponds to an observation variable, and each row represents the observation record of one excitation cycle.

[0116] The multidimensional observation variable matrix is ​​centered and standardized to ensure that all variables have zero mean and unit variance, and to eliminate the effects of dimensions and bias.

[0117] Independent component analysis was used to process the standardized multidimensional observation variable matrix, and the independent non-Gaussian noise components in each observation variable were separated to obtain a denoised multidimensional observation variable matrix, which provides a cleaner signal basis for causal structure identification.

[0118] The LiNGAM method is used to recursively optimize the denoised multidimensional observation variable matrix to determine the causal order among the observation variables, and a causal weight matrix is ​​generated by linear regression based on the causal order.

[0119] The pairs of observed variables corresponding to the non-zero elements in the causal weight matrix are represented by directed edges and drawn into a directed acyclic graph. Finally, a directed acyclic graph model is constructed between the RFID electronic tag historical response behavior variables, electromagnetic environment information variables and three-dimensional spatial coordinate variables. Each directed edge of the directed acyclic graph model represents the direct causal effect and causal direction between two observed variables, forming a virtual tag response model.

[0120] During the execution of the tag spatial positioning task, the current response status of each RFID tag is monitored in real time. When an abnormal response of an RFID tag is detected in the current excitation cycle, the virtual tag response model is invoked. The electromagnetic environment information of the current excitation cycle and historical response data are used as input variables. Based on the virtual tag response model, the three-dimensional spatial coordinates are reconstructed to generate reconstructed coordinates. Specifically, using the virtual tag response causal model, the causal weight matrix is ​​obtained according to the historical response data and electromagnetic environment information in the current excitation cycle. All observed variable values ​​are multiplied by the corresponding causal weights and summed to obtain the completed three-dimensional spatial coordinates, thereby completing the spatial position of the RFID tag under abnormal response.

[0121] The completed 3D spatial coordinates are archived together with the initial 3D spatial coordinates into the tag spatial data set, which records the location data of each RFID electronic tag in a continuous and spatially complete manner. This ensures that the system can achieve complete spatial information completion and intelligent management of all RFID electronic tags in the event of occlusion, missing response, or abnormality.

[0122] In this embodiment, the causal weight matrix is ​​a lower triangular matrix.

[0123] In this embodiment, the generation of the disturbance scheduling parameters specifically includes:

[0124] During the tag inventory task, for each RFID electronic tag, the tag response behavior characteristics are statistically analyzed and constructed in real time. The tag response behavior characteristics include response frequency, response delay fluctuation and response anomaly rate. The response frequency represents the proportion of RFID electronic tags that generate effective responses within a unit inventory task cycle. The response delay fluctuation represents the variance of tag response time within multiple excitation cycles. The response anomaly rate represents the proportion of abnormal responses that occur within the inventory task cycle to the total number of responses.

[0125] The tag response behavior characteristics are normalized and a perturbation scheduling parameter is generated by weighted superposition. The perturbation scheduling parameter is used to adjust the amplitude and timing of the RFID reader output signal.

[0126] ;

[0127] in, Indicates the disturbance scheduling parameters. Represents the normalized response frequency. This indicates the normalized response delay fluctuation. This represents the normalized response anomaly rate. This represents the preset weighting factor;

[0128] The disturbance scheduling parameters calculated for each RFID tag are linearly mapped to the disturbance amplitude and disturbance interval of the electromagnetic pulse excitation signal, and the mapping results are used as the exclusive disturbance scheduling parameters within the inventory cycle of the RFID tag.

[0129] The RFID reader dynamically adjusts the amplitude and timing of the electromagnetic pulse excitation signal according to the disturbance scheduling parameters, and controls the output of the electromagnetic pulse excitation signal with disturbance modulation. This enables personalized disturbance to each tag during inventory, improving tag response separation and recognition rate in high-density environments.

[0130] A warehouse management system based on RFID electronic tag positioning includes:

[0131] An RFID reader deployment module is used to distribute multiple RFID readers within a warehouse space to construct a temporal resonant excitation field.

[0132] The RFID electronic tag management module is used for tag initialization configuration.

[0133] The tag response acquisition module is used to generate a set of tag response times under the action of a temporal resonant excitation field;

[0134] The tag initial localization and environmental perception module is used to calculate the initial three-dimensional spatial coordinates of the tag based on the tag response time set and spatial position mapping model, collect electromagnetic environment information, and perform response state determination.

[0135] The virtual tag response modeling and completion module is used to construct a virtual tag response model based on historical response data and electromagnetic environment information, and to complete the three-dimensional spatial coordinates when an abnormal response is detected.

[0136] The tag behavior analysis and scheduling module is used to statistically analyze and normalize the tag response behavior characteristics, generate disturbance scheduling parameters, and control the RFID reader to dynamically adjust the electromagnetic pulse excitation signal.

[0137] The warehouse management database is used to store the three-dimensional spatial coordinates, response status, electromagnetic environment information, completed three-dimensional spatial coordinates, and tag response behavior characteristics of RFID electronic tags, so as to realize the automatic positioning, identification, inventory and scheduling management of items.

[0138] Example 1:

[0139] To verify the application effect of the present invention in actual warehouse management, the warehouse management method based on RFID electronic tag positioning was applied to a large-scale automated warehousing center. This warehousing center is mainly responsible for the sorting, storage and circulation of industrial parts. The warehouse area is large, the shelves are dense, the types of goods are numerous, and the space environment contains a large number of metal frames and obstructions. Moreover, due to the high-density deployment of RFID tags, the electromagnetic interference and signal multipath effects in the environment are very complex. Traditional RFID positioning methods have low accuracy, are difficult to separate responses, and have low inventory efficiency in this environment.

[0140] In practical applications, multiple RFID readers supporting clock synchronization are first deployed within the warehouse space. The space is divided into grids according to the method of this invention, and the RFID readers are deployed based on spatial distribution density. All readers emit electromagnetic pulse excitation signals based on a unified time-driven signal scheduling table. Through the spatial superposition of synchronization pulses, a temporal resonance excitation field is constructed. Each managed component is bound to a dedicated RFID electronic tag, which contains a unique item identifier and a set of response control parameters. The tag is then fixedly installed on the item's surface, achieving a precise one-to-one correspondence between items and tags. During daily warehouse management, when automatic inventory checks or item positioning are performed, the readers sequentially excite the tags according to the temporal resonance method. The RFID electronic tags automatically determine whether to enter the response state based on their internal response control parameter set and the current electromagnetic environment information. Tags entering the response state send response signals to multiple readers. The readers collect the tag response times they receive, and the system processes these data to generate a tag response time set.

[0141] Subsequently, the system calculates the initial three-dimensional spatial coordinates of each item based on the tag response time set and spatial location mapping model, realizing the spatial positioning of the item. In areas with severe signal obstruction and high environmental noise, the RFID electronic tag can adaptively adjust the discrimination criteria for excitation signal and environment through the dual judgment mechanism proposed in this invention, effectively filtering noise interference and improving the stability and positioning accuracy of the tag response. In the daily management of the warehouse, the spatial behavior attribute set of all tags, including the initial three-dimensional spatial coordinates, response status, electromagnetic environment information, completed three-dimensional spatial coordinates, and tag response behavior characteristics, are automatically written into the warehouse management system. The system can achieve high-precision, full-process information traceability and dynamic management for each item.

[0142] To verify the performance of this invention, it was compared with the traditional TDOA method. The comparison results are shown in Table 1.

[0143] Table 1. Performance Comparison of the Invention and Traditional TDOA Method

[0144]

[0145] As can be seen from Table 1, compared with the traditional TDOA (Time Difference of Arrival) positioning method, the present invention has significantly improved in all key performance aspects. The average positioning error has been reduced from 50 cm to 15 cm, the success rate has been increased from 85% to 93%, the time required to inventory 100 items at a time has been shortened by 33%, the response separation index has jumped from 0.60 to 0.90, and the completion positioning rate has been increased from 40% to 85%.

[0146] This invention achieves coherent enhancement and adaptive noise filtering of multi-point synchronous pulses by constructing a temporal resonant excitation field and tag-embedded environmental awareness gating logic, thereby reducing positioning errors. This mechanism not only provides a stable resonant peak in signal strength, but also enables the tag to respond accurately under complex multipath and occlusion conditions, directly improving the positioning success rate.

[0147] The virtual tag response modeling and causal inference completion module enables the system to efficiently complete missing or abnormal responses, increasing the completion rate of abnormal areas from only 40% to 85%. This module uses historical responses and electromagnetic environment information to build a causal model and automatically reconstructs coordinates in reverse when a signal is lost, which greatly improves the robustness and continuity of the system.

[0148] The perturbation scheduling strategy based on response behavior characteristics improves signal separation in high-density tag environments by dynamically analyzing tag response frequency, delay fluctuations, and anomaly rates and modulating excitation signals. This increases the response separation from 0.60 to 0.90, while also improving inventory efficiency. This proactive perturbation mechanism reduces multi-tag conflicts and promotes rapid and accurate batch inventory.

[0149] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A warehouse management method based on RFID electronic tag positioning, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Multiple RFID readers are deployed in the warehouse space and clock-synchronized to control each RFID reader to emit electromagnetic pulse excitation signals, thereby constructing a time-series resonant excitation field. Write a set of response control parameters to each RFID tag and bind the RFID tag to the item to be managed; The system determines whether to enter the response state based on the set of response control parameters. Once the RFID tag enters the response state, it sends a response signal to multiple RFID readers. The system collects the tag response times received by the RFID readers and generates a set of tag response times. The tag response time difference sequence is calculated based on the tag response time set, and the time difference and spatial location mapping model is called to perform preliminary tag localization and generate initial three-dimensional spatial coordinates; During the response state determination process, the current electromagnetic environment information and the temporal resonant excitation field state are combined for joint discrimination to determine whether the response state has been entered. A virtual tag response model is constructed based on historical response data and electromagnetic environment information. When an abnormal response occurs, the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of the RFID electronic tag are reconstructed to generate a complete three-dimensional spatial coordinate. During the tag inventory task, tag response behavior characteristics are constructed based on historical response data, and disturbance scheduling parameters are generated. The spatial behavior attribute set of RFID electronic tags is written into the warehouse management system. The spatial behavior attribute set includes the initial three-dimensional spatial coordinates, response status, electromagnetic environment information, the completed three-dimensional spatial coordinates, and tag response behavior characteristics.

2. The warehouse management method based on RFID electronic tag positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that, The construction of the temporal resonant excitation field specifically includes: The warehouse space structure is divided into spatial grids, dividing the entire warehouse into multiple three-dimensional positioning unit areas. Based on the preset spatial distribution density standard, multiple RFID readers are deployed at the geometric center of each three-dimensional positioning unit area. Perform clock synchronization configuration on all RFID readers, synchronize the system local clock of each RFID reader to the global unified time base, and build a unified time-driven signal scheduling table based on the time base; The timing format for the electromagnetic pulse excitation signal emitted by the RFID reader is set to a narrow pulse sequence; All RFID readers are controlled to emit electromagnetic pulse excitation signals sequentially on the time axis according to the time-driven signal scheduling table, and the pulse emission time difference between adjacent RFID readers is ensured not to exceed the timing tolerance threshold, so as to form a continuous spatial interference wave field. Electromagnetic pulse excitation signals emitted synchronously at multiple points are superimposed in space to form an interference region. A temporal resonant excitation field is constructed in the interference region, and the spatial response function of the temporal resonant excitation field is defined. By adjusting the transmission power and waveform modulation parameters of the RFID reader, the spatial response intensity in each spatial positioning unit is ensured to reach the tag response threshold, ultimately forming a stable temporal resonant excitation field.

3. The warehouse management method based on RFID electronic tag positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that, The binding to the item to be managed specifically includes: Assign a unique item identifier to each item to be managed and generate item identifier code information; Write the item identification code information into the storage area of ​​the RFID electronic tag to complete the initial binding operation between the item identification and the RFID electronic tag; Construct a set of response control parameters; Write the set of response control parameters into the response control logic module of the RFID electronic tag; The configured RFID electronic tags are then fixedly installed onto the corresponding items to be managed.

4. The warehouse management method based on RFID electronic tag positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that, The generation of the tag response time set specifically includes: Under the action of the temporal resonant excitation field, the RFID electronic tag receives the magnetic pulse excitation signal and, based on the written set of response control parameters, determines whether the conditions for entering the response state are met through the response control logic module of the RFID electronic tag. When the conditions for entering the response state are met, the RFID electronic tag immediately enters the response state and actively sends response signals to multiple RFID readers. After completing the clock synchronization configuration, each RFID reader receives the response signal of the RFID electronic tag within its coverage area, records the reception time of each RFID electronic tag response signal, and combines the unique identifier, the spatial identification number of the RFID reader, and the reception time into response time record data. The response time records of multiple RFID readers for the same RFID electronic tag are calibrated to eliminate abnormal response times caused by synchronization errors and environmental noise, and a tag response time set is generated.

5. A warehouse management method based on RFID electronic tag positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preliminary tag localization specifically includes: Based on the set of tag response times, select any RFID reader as the time reference benchmark, subtract the reception time of all remaining RFID readers from the reception time of the benchmark RFID reader, calculate the response time difference between each reader and the benchmark reader in turn, and generate a tag response time difference sequence. The tag response time difference sequence, the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of each RFID reader, and the electromagnetic wave propagation speed are input into the time difference and spatial position mapping model. The least squares method is used to perform preliminary tag positioning and generate the initial three-dimensional spatial coordinates of each RFID electronic tag.

6. A warehouse management method based on RFID electronic tag positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that, The joint determination of whether to enter the response state specifically includes: During the response status determination process, the RFID electronic tag performs a basic determination on the received electromagnetic pulse excitation signal based on the internally written set of response control parameters to determine whether the response determination conditions are met. After the basic judgment conditions are met, the electromagnetic environment information of the location of the RFID electronic tag is further collected. The electromagnetic environment information includes background noise, spatial reflection characteristics and phase delay. The collected electromagnetic environment information is input into the response control logic module of the RFID electronic tag. Combined with the current temporal resonant excitation field state, the response state determination is jointly performed based on the electromagnetic environment information and the temporal resonant excitation field state. The RFID electronic tag only enters the response state when both the response control parameter set determination and the environmental joint determination criteria are met simultaneously. Specifically, the electromagnetic environment information and the current temporal resonant excitation field state are jointly input into the environmental joint determination unit. The spatial interference of the signal, noise disturbance, and the excitation effectiveness of the temporal resonant excitation field are comprehensively analyzed. Only when the electromagnetic environment information meets the preset tolerance threshold and the temporal resonant excitation field state meets the excitation conditions will the response control logic determine that the tag enters the response state; otherwise, the tag remains silent and does not respond.

7. A warehouse management method based on RFID electronic tag positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that, The generation of the completed three-dimensional spatial coordinates specifically includes: For each RFID electronic tag, historical response data within each excitation cycle is continuously summarized. The historical response data includes a unique identifier, the response status of each excitation cycle, the initial three-dimensional spatial coordinates, and the tag response time set. The response status includes responded, not responded, and abnormal response. Based on historical response data and electromagnetic environment information, the LiNGAM method is used to analyze the linear relationship between variables, automatically infer the directed causal relationship between the historical response behavior of RFID electronic tags, electromagnetic environment information and the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of RFID electronic tags, and obtain a virtual tag response model. The LiNGAM method is a linear non-Gaussian directed acyclic graph model. During the execution of the tag spatial positioning task, the current response status of each RFID tag is monitored in real time. When an abnormal response of the RFID tag is detected in the current excitation cycle, the virtual tag response model is invoked. The electromagnetic environment information of the current excitation cycle and historical response data are used as input variables. Based on the virtual tag response model, the three-dimensional spatial coordinates are reconstructed to generate reconstructed coordinates. Specifically, using the virtual tag response causal model, the causal weight matrix is ​​obtained according to the historical response data and electromagnetic environment information in the current excitation cycle. All observed variable values ​​are multiplied by the corresponding causal weights and summed to obtain the completed three-dimensional spatial coordinates. The completed 3D spatial coordinates are archived together with the initial 3D spatial coordinates into the label space data set.

8. A warehouse management method based on RFID electronic tag positioning according to claim 7, characterized in that, The causal weight matrix is ​​a lower triangular matrix.

9. A warehouse management method based on RFID electronic tag positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that, The generation of the disturbance scheduling parameters specifically includes: During the tag inventory process, the tag response behavior characteristics are statistically analyzed and constructed in real time for each RFID electronic tag. The tag response behavior characteristics are normalized and a perturbation scheduling parameter is generated by weighted superposition. The perturbation scheduling parameter is used to adjust the amplitude and timing of the RFID reader output signal. The disturbance scheduling parameters calculated for each RFID tag are linearly mapped to the disturbance amplitude and disturbance interval of the electromagnetic pulse excitation signal, and the mapping results are used as the exclusive disturbance scheduling parameters within the inventory cycle of the RFID tag. The RFID reader dynamically adjusts the amplitude and timing of the electromagnetic pulse excitation signal according to the disturbance scheduling parameters, and controls the RFID reader to output an electromagnetic pulse excitation signal with disturbance modulation.

10. A warehouse management system based on RFID electronic tag positioning, comprising the warehouse management method based on RFID electronic tag positioning as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, include: An RFID reader deployment module is used to distribute multiple RFID readers within a warehouse space to construct a temporal resonant excitation field. The RFID electronic tag management module is used for tag initialization configuration. The tag response acquisition module is used to generate a set of tag response times under the action of a temporal resonant excitation field; The tag initial localization and environmental perception module is used to calculate the tag's initial three-dimensional spatial coordinates based on the tag response time set and spatial position mapping model, and to jointly judge whether to enter the response state by combining the current electromagnetic environment information and the temporal resonant excitation field state. The virtual tag response modeling and completion module is used to construct a virtual tag response model based on historical response data and electromagnetic environment information, and to complete the three-dimensional spatial coordinates when an abnormal response is detected. The tag behavior analysis and scheduling module is used to statistically analyze and normalize the tag response behavior characteristics, generate disturbance scheduling parameters, and control the RFID reader to dynamically adjust the electromagnetic pulse excitation signal. The warehouse management database is used to store the three-dimensional spatial coordinates, response status, electromagnetic environment information, completed three-dimensional spatial coordinates, and tag response behavior characteristics of RFID electronic tags.

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