Device for harmlessly treating retired fan blade by adopting pyrolysis mode

Abstract

The device comprises a furnace body and a conveying system, the furnace body comprises a tunnel kiln type gas isolation bin section A, a pyrolysis section, a gas isolation bin section B, an oxidation section and a cooling section which are sequentially arranged, and mechanical sealing is achieved between the gas isolation bin section A, the pyrolysis section, the gas isolation bin section B, the oxidation section and the cooling section; the conveying system comprises a transfer trolley A and a transfer trolley B which are located at the two ends of the furnace body, a rotary line is arranged above the conveying system, a pull-push device B is arranged on the transfer trolley A, a pull-push device C is arranged on the transfer trolley B, a trolley is arranged below the rotary line, and the trolley is connected with a pull-push device D; the defect that a conventional combustion device cannot treat large-size raw materials is overcome, the fan blade crushing process is avoided, the fiber structure is protected, and the quality of recycled fibers is high; a pull-push structure is designed, the staying time of the materials in the furnace is controlled by controlling the rhythm of the push-in trolley, sufficient pyrolysis and oxidation of the materials are ensured, self-heating recycling is achieved through the combined pipeline, fuel consumption is low, and environmental protection is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a device for harmlessly treating retired fan blades by pyrolysis, and particularly relates to the technical field of fan blade recovery. Background Art

[0002] With increasing attention paid to environmental protection, the development and utilization of renewable energy sources has received national attention. As an important clean and renewable energy source, wind power generation has seen rapid growth in recent years, with installed capacity increasing annually. Blades, a key component of wind turbines, have a service life of no more than 20 years. Currently, the oldest blades on the market have already exceeded three-quarters of their lifespan, resulting in tens of thousands of retired blades generated annually. This number is expected to increase exponentially over the next few years, necessitating the development of efficient methods for the disposal and utilization of wind turbine blades.

[0003] Wind turbine blades are primarily reinforced with glass fiber or carbon fiber, molded and heated with thermosetting resin. The gaps between the blades are filled with foam, balsa wood, and adhesives, with resin and fiber materials making up the majority of the blades. According to statistics, they account for over 90% of the weight and over 60% of the total production cost. Thermosetting materials have stable physical and chemical properties and are difficult to decompose in the wild. Left untreated, they can lead to significant waste of resources and environmental pollution.

[0004] Currently, the disposal and utilization of retired wind turbine blades is still immature. The main technologies currently under development include physical disassembly, incineration, chemical degradation, and pyrolysis. Physical disassembly primarily involves disassembling, cutting, and assembling blades to create other products, such as containers and decorative items. Blades can also be shredded or crushed into powder for incorporation into other composite materials, such as cement mortar, gypsum board, and modified plastics. This represents a downgraded utilization method for blades, with limited processing capacity and not considered the ultimate utilization path. Energy utilization primarily involves burning blades in incinerators to generate energy for power generation and heating. However, due to the high content of inorganic components in composite materials, this can easily lead to incomplete combustion and excessive emissions. Chemical methods use chemical solvents and controlled reaction conditions to break specific chemical bonds in polymers, ultimately separating and recovering the resin and fiber. However, this method is currently immature, costly, and difficult to commercialize. Pyrolysis involves heating wind turbine blades in the absence of oxygen to depolymerize the organic polymer resin components, forming small and medium-molecule liquid or gaseous products. The fibers and fillers are then recovered and reused. The pyrolysis method has a simple process, mature technology and high disposal efficiency, and is currently one of the methods most likely to be applied industrially.

[0005] Chinese patent applications (202110574097.7, 202110255177.6, 202111549092.5 and 202110256548.2) respectively proposed decomposition furnaces, fluidized beds, steel belt continuous pyrolysis furnaces and other devices and methods for treating fan blades. These devices have achieved good recycling of organic components of fan blades. However, there are certain deficiencies in the recycling of inorganic components such as fibers. Specifically, first, these devices and methods crush the fan blades, and the crushing process will destroy the fiber structure, reduce its quality, and make it difficult to reuse it in fan blade manufacturing; secondly, the fiber recycling is mainly carried out by air separation or incineration. The air separation has the problem that the pyrolytic carbon and the fiber cannot be completely separated, and the incineration has the problem that the temperature is too high, which destroys the fiber structure and reduces its quality. For this reason, it is necessary to develop more efficient fiber recovery devices and methods to achieve efficient utilization of the fiber components of fan blades. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a device for harmlessly treating retired fan blades by pyrolysis, so as to overcome the defects of poor quality and efficiency of recycling inorganic components in fan blades in the prior art.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The present invention discloses a device for harmlessly treating retired fan blades by pyrolysis, comprising a furnace body and a conveying system. The furnace body comprises a tunnel kiln-type gas isolation chamber section A, a pyrolysis section, a tunnel kiln-type gas isolation chamber section B, an oxidation section and a cooling section which are arranged in sequence, and are connected to each other by flanges and mechanically sealed. The conveying system comprises a transfer trolley A and a transfer trolley B located at both ends of the furnace body, a turntable being provided above the transfer trolley, a pulling and pushing device B being provided on the transfer trolley A, and a pulling and pushing device C being provided on the transfer trolley B, a trolley connected to the turntable being provided below the turntable, and the trolley being connected to the pulling and pushing device D.

[0008] Furthermore, a nitrogen pipe, a nitrogen sealing device A and a nitrogen sealing device B are provided above the gas isolation chamber section A, and a pulling and pushing device A is provided below the gas isolation chamber section A.

[0009] Furthermore, the pyrolysis section adopts a multi-tube heat exchange form to realize a "self-heating recycling" recycling mode in which the pyrolysis gas and oxidation gas provide their own heat for their own use, and a pyrolysis gas outlet pipe is provided above it.

[0010] Furthermore, the oxidation section adopts a continuous oxidation form, which reduces the heat loss of the oxidation section, and an oxidation gas outlet pipe is provided above the oxidation section.

[0011] Furthermore, the cooling section adopts an open structure to improve cooling efficiency, and a brake is provided at the tail.

[0012] Furthermore, the flange is fastened with bolts and sealed with a sealing gasket.

[0013] Furthermore, the trolley adopts an "L"-shaped body with a concave and convex sealing surface, adopts a high-temperature resistant soft sealing material, and is provided with a track underneath.

[0014] Furthermore, a group of pipelines for realizing indirect heat exchange and self-heat recycling are connected between the pyrolysis section and the oxidation section, and a circulating fan is installed on the upper part of both sections.

[0015] Furthermore, an inflatable seal B17 and an inflatable seal A16 are respectively provided between the gas isolation chamber section A and the pyrolysis section, and between the gas isolation chamber section B and the oxidation section in the tunnel kiln type.

[0016] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are: through the design of the tunnel kiln and the mechanical seal and nitrogen protection structure of the trolley, the residence time of the material in the furnace is controlled, and the combustion temperature is controlled by arranging heating tubes and preheated air in the furnace to ensure that the residual carbon in the pyrolysis residue of the fan blade is completely burned without destroying the fiber structure. By controlling the travel rhythm of the tunnel kiln, the residence time of the material in the pyrolysis section and the oxidation section is controlled. By controlling the temperature of the heating tube and the preheated air, the pyrolysis and oxidation temperatures are achieved, so that the resin is pyrolyzed first, creating conditions for the condensation system to be recycled. The medium-temperature oxidation converts the remaining carbon into gas and heat, and the heat is recovered through heat exchange. After oxidation, pure fiber remains, which is recycled separately. This equipment realizes complete separation of resin and fiber, thereby achieving high-quality recovery of fan blade fiber. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is a side schematic view of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a top view schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1. Gas isolation chamber section A; 2. Pyrolysis section; 3. Gas isolation chamber section B; 4. Oxidation section; 5. Cooling section; 6. Transfer trolley A; 7. Turning line; 8. Trolley; 9. Circulation fan; 10. Pipe assembly; 11. Flange; 12. Sealing gasket; 13. Bolt; 14. Nitrogen sealing device A; 15. Nitrogen sealing device B; 16. Inflatable seal A; 17. Inflatable seal B; 20. Pull-push device A; 21. Pull-push device B; 22. Pyrolysis gas outlet pipe; 23. Oxidation gas outlet pipe; 24. Track; 25. Brake; 26. Nitrogen pipe; 27. Transfer trolley B; 28. Pull-push device C; 29. ​​Pull-push device D. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0020] Example 1 like Figures 1-3 As shown, a device for harmlessly treating retired fan blades by pyrolysis includes a furnace body and a conveying system. The furnace body includes a tunnel kiln-type gas isolation chamber section A1, a pyrolysis section 2, a tunnel kiln-type gas isolation chamber section B3, an oxidation section 4 and a cooling section 5, which are arranged in sequence and are connected to each other by a flange 11 and mechanically sealed. The conveying system includes a transfer trolley A6 and a transfer trolley B27 located at both ends of the furnace body, a turntable 7 is provided above the transfer trolley A6, a pulling and pushing device B21 is provided on the transfer trolley A6, and a pulling and pushing device C28 is provided on the transfer trolley B27. A trolley 8 connected to the turntable 7 is provided below the turntable 7, and the trolley 8 is connected to the pulling and pushing device D29.

[0021] Gas isolation chamber section A1 and gas isolation chamber section B3: The groundbreaking design enables the oxygen content in the pyrolysis section to be stably maintained in an anaerobic state; precision welding technology is mainly used to control the gap between the trolley 8 and the ventilation chamber to below 5mm. Reducing the gap is conducive to the sealing of moving parts. At the same time, high-temperature resistant soft connection components are added to the gaps between the trolley 8 and the gas isolation chamber sections A1 and B3 to further fill the gaps. At the same time, when the trolley 8 stops running, the inflatable seals A16 and B17 are started to compact the gap surface, and nitrogen protection is filled on the gap surface through the nitrogen sealing devices A14 and B15 thereon. After reaching the gas isolation state, the gas in the gas isolation chamber section A1 is extracted and sent to the incinerator, and filled with nitrogen to protect the material to achieve an anaerobic state.

[0022] Pyrolysis section 2: adopts multi-tube heat exchange form to realize the "self-heating recycling" mode in which the pyrolysis gas and oxidation gas provide their own heat for their own use, greatly saving the energy required for pyrolysis and improving the economic benefits of the treatment work.

[0023] Oxidation section 4: adopts continuous oxidation form, and sends the hot air after cooling the fiber in cooling section 5 into oxidation section 4 for oxidation reaction, so that the cooling efficiency of cooling section 5 is higher and the heat loss of oxidation section 4 is lower; cooling section 5 adopts open structure to increase heat exchange efficiency.

[0024] The transfer mechanism is aligned with the guide rail 24 in the initial state, the positioning mechanism is closed, and the positioning accuracy is guaranteed to be below 1mm. The pull-push device A20 is used to pull the trolley 8 onto the guide rail 24, the transfer trolley positioning mechanism is disengaged, and the transfer trolley A6 and the transfer trolley B27 are in operation, and the 90 ° During the lateral movement, the transfer mechanism adopts the start-run-deceleration-braking method to transport the trolley 8 to the position of the next section of the guide rail 24. In order to eliminate the operating errors of the transfer trolley A6 and the transfer trolley B27 and prevent the docking deviation of the guide rail 24, the positioning mechanism is closed after the transfer trolley A6 and the transfer trolley B27 stop to achieve precise positioning.

[0025] The trolley 8 adopts an "L"-shaped body, and the interior of the gas protection chamber section 1 forms relatively isolated spaces for each tunnel kiln. It is equipped with independent inflatable seals A16 and B17 to eliminate the gap between the trolley 8 and the gas protection chamber section 1 and have a certain clamping force, so that the trolley 8 and the interior of the gas protection chamber section 1 remain relatively sealed; the trolley 8 adopts a concave and convex sealing surface and adopts high-temperature resistant soft sealing materials. The trolleys 8 are tightly connected by compression force to ensure a relatively sealed shape, and an independent clamping mechanism is added to the sealing performance. In conjunction with the nitrogen protection system, dynamic sealing under micro-pressure conditions is truly achieved. The independent clamping is promoted by an independent actuator, and the propulsion rod adopts a guide device to control the propulsion direction accuracy. The front end adopts a high-temperature resistant soft connection to ensure a rigorous seal.

[0026] The heat source is pyrolysis gas incineration and natural gas combustion, with the hot flue gas flowing through the pyrolysis section 2 and oxidation section 4 within the group pipe 10 to achieve indirect heat exchange and self-heat recovery. At the same time, a circulating fan 9 is installed above the pyrolysis section 2 and oxidation section 4 to average the temperature within the pyrolysis section 2 and oxidation section 4 to ±5°C.

[0027] Working process: The material is placed on the trolley 8 at the end of the rotary line 7. The trolley 8 with the material is pulled to the transfer trolley B27 by the pull-push device D29 on the transfer trolley A6 at the rear of the equipment. The trolley 8 is transferred from the transfer trolley B27 of the rotary line 7 to the front of the gas isolation chamber section B3. The trolley 8 with the material is pushed into the gas isolation chamber section A1 by the pull-push device C28 of the transfer trolley A6. The trolley 8 is pushed into the gas isolation chamber section 3 by the pull-push device A20 at the bottom of the gas isolation chamber section A1. The trolley 8 passes through the gas isolation chamber section A1, pyrolysis section 2, gas isolation chamber section B3, oxidation section 4 and cooling section 5 in turn for anaerobic pyrolysis, oxidation and cooling. The trolley 8 with materials is sent to the transfer trolley A6 by the pulling and pushing device B21 at the rear of the equipment, and is transferred to the front of the turntable 7 through the pulling and pushing device A20 on the transfer trolley B27 to remove the processed fibers. The trolley 8 is then sent to the turntable 7 by the pulling and pushing device C28, and moves from the turntable 7 to the tail for loading and repeating the work; the gas generated during pyrolysis and oxidation is transported to the incinerator through the pyrolysis gas outlet pipe 22 and the oxidation gas outlet pipe 23 to be converted into high-temperature flue gas, and is returned to the pyrolysis section 2 and the oxidation section 4 through the group pipe 10 for indirect heat exchange, providing the heat required for pyrolysis and oxidation. The flue gas after heat exchange is transported to the flue gas purification system.

[0028] The gas isolation chamber section A1, the pyrolysis section 2, the gas isolation chamber section B3, the oxidation section 4 and the cooling section 5 are the main components of the furnace body, which are connected to each other by flanges 11 and bolts 13 and sealed by sealing gaskets 12.

[0029] The pulling and pushing device D29 pushes the trolley 8 to run on the track 24, and the nitrogen gap is filled with nitrogen through the brake 25 of the furnace body, the pulling and pushing device A20 and the nitrogen pipe 26 to achieve sealing between the trolley 8 and the gas isolation chamber section A1, the pyrolysis section 2, the gas isolation chamber section B3, the oxidation section 4 and the cooling section 5.

[0030] Steps: 1. Ensure that the gas isolation chamber section A1, pyrolysis section 2, gas isolation chamber section B3, oxidation section 4, and cooling section 5 are fully loaded with trolleys 8, and the trolleys 8 are closely arranged. Ensure that the track 24 of the transfer trolley in the direction of the gas isolation chamber section A1 is aligned with the track 24 at the end of the turnaround line, and ensure that the transfer trolley in the direction of the cooling section 5 is aligned with the track 24 of the cooling section 5; 2. Start nitrogen sealing device A 14 and nitrogen sealing device B 15 3. Start the circulation fan 9; 4. Start the induced draft fan of oxidation section 4, with the preset temperature at 400-550°C; 5. Start the induced draft fan of pyrolysis section 2, and set the temperature to 400-550℃; 6. Hot flue gas is passed through the pipes 10 of the pyrolysis section 2 and the oxidation section 4, and the temperature of the pyrolysis section 2 and the oxidation section 4 is allowed to rise to the preset temperature. 7. Ensure that a trolley 8 is located in the direction of the heat exchange chamber at the end of the rotary line 7, and ensure that the fan blades to be processed are loaded on the trolley 8; 8. Start the pull-push device A20 to pull the trolley 8 into the transfer trolley A6; 9. Start the transfer trolley A6 to transport the trolley 8 to the front end of the gas isolation chamber section A1; 10. Start the pulling and pushing device C28 to push the trolley 8 into the gas isolation chamber section A1; 11. Start the push-pull device D29 of the cooling section 5 to push the trolley 8 out; 12. Start the pull-push device on the transfer trolley B27 to pull the trolley 8 onto the transfer trolley B27; 13. Start the transfer trolley B27 to transport the trolley 8 to the head of the return line 7, ensuring that the track 24 is flush; 14. Start the push-pull device A20 on the transfer trolley A6 to push the trolley into the rotary line 7, and the transfer trolley A6 returns to its initial state; 15. Start the rotary line 7 to transport the trolley 8 to the position for unloading the processed fibers; 16. After unloading, start the rotary line 7 to transport the trolley 8 to the position for loading the fan blades; 17. After loading, start the turnaround line 7 to transport the trolley 8 to the tail end of the turnaround line 7.

[0031] It should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that they may modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or substitute equivalents for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, and the like that fall within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. The terms used in the description of this application are intended only to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments of the present invention. For ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to scale. Technologies, methods, and devices known to persons skilled in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such technologies, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely illustrative and not limiting. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following figures. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0032] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc. in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way are interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of this application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein, and that the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc. are generally of the same type, and do not limit the number of objects. For example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, "and / or" in the specification and claims represents at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the objects associated with each other are in an "or" relationship.

[0033] It should be noted that, in the description of this application, the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of this application; the directional terms "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the outline of each component itself.

Claims

1. A device for harmlessly treating retired wind turbine blades by pyrolysis, characterized in that: Including furnace body and conveying system; The furnace body includes a tunnel kiln-type gas isolation chamber section A, a pyrolysis section, a tunnel kiln-type gas isolation chamber section B, an oxidation section, and a cooling section, which are connected to each other through flanges and achieve mechanical sealing; The conveying system includes a transfer trolley A and a transfer trolley B located at both ends of the furnace body, a turntable is provided above them, a pulling and pushing device B is provided on the transfer trolley A, and a pulling and pushing device C is provided on the transfer trolley B. A trolley connected to the turntable is provided below the turntable, and the trolley is connected to the pulling and pushing device D.

2. The device for harmlessly treating retired wind turbine blades by pyrolysis according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A nitrogen pipe, a nitrogen sealing device A and a nitrogen sealing device B are provided above the gas isolation chamber section A, and a pulling and pushing device A is provided below the gas isolation chamber section A.

3. The device for harmlessly treating retired wind turbine blades by pyrolysis according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pyrolysis section adopts a multi-tube heat exchange form to realize a "self-heating recycling" recycling mode in which the pyrolysis gas and oxidation gas provide their own heat for their own use, and a pyrolysis gas outlet pipe is provided above it.

4. The device for harmlessly treating retired wind turbine blades by pyrolysis according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The oxidation section adopts a continuous oxidation form, which reduces the heat loss of the oxidation section, and an oxidation gas outlet pipeline is provided above the oxidation section.

5. The device for harmlessly treating retired wind turbine blades by pyrolysis according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cooling section adopts an open structure to improve cooling efficiency, and a brake is provided at the tail end.

6. The device for harmlessly treating retired wind turbine blades by pyrolysis according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The flange is fastened with bolts and sealed with a sealing gasket.

7. The device for harmlessly treating retired wind turbine blades by pyrolysis according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The trolley adopts an "L"-shaped body with a concave and convex sealing surface, adopts a high-temperature resistant soft sealing material, and is provided with a track underneath.

8. The device for harmlessly treating retired wind turbine blades by pyrolysis according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pyrolysis section and the oxidation section are connected by a group of pipelines for realizing indirect heat exchange and self-heat recycling, and a circulating fan is installed on the upper part of both sections.

9. The device for harmlessly treating retired wind turbine blades by pyrolysis according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An inflatable seal B17 and an inflatable seal A16 are respectively provided between the gas isolation chamber section A and the pyrolysis section, and between the gas isolation chamber section B and the oxidation section in the tunnel kiln type.

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