Waste gas treatment device for producing formic acid from carbon dioxide

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of waste gas treatment equipment, and provides a waste gas treatment device for producing formic acid from carbon dioxide, which comprises a tower body, and the tower body is provided with a gas inlet and a gas outlet; the turbulent flow assembly is horizontally arranged in the tower body, the turbulent flow assembly comprises a mounting plate, the mounting plate is horizontally arranged in the tower body, and a plurality of water passing holes are uniformly distributed in the mounting plate; the spiral flow guide cone is inversely arranged below the mounting plate, and the conical surface of the spiral flow guide cone, the spiral flow guide cone and the mounting plate are connected through a plurality of elastic pieces. According to the technical scheme, the inverted arrangement of the spiral flow guide cone is matched with the spiral flow guide groove, so that gas-liquid two-phase flowing along a straight line originally is converted into gas-liquid two-phase flowing along a spiral path, the contact time of the gas-liquid two-phase in the tower body is prolonged, and meanwhile, the spiral flow guide cone can swing when being impacted by gas and liquid through elastic traction; the contact angle of the gas phase and the liquid phase is continuously changed, a stable liquid film is prevented from being formed on a conical surface, the disturbance of a gas-liquid interface is enhanced, and the mass transfer efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to the technical field of waste gas treatment equipment, and in particular, to a waste gas treatment device for producing formic acid from carbon dioxide. Background Art

[0002] The production of formic acid from carbon dioxide produces waste gas containing various pollutants. Directly releasing these waste gases into the atmosphere would not only cause severe damage to the ecological environment but could also endanger human health. Therefore, effective treatment of this waste gas is crucial. Currently, alkali scrubbers are commonly used in industry to treat this type of waste gas. Their principle is to purify the waste gas by chemically reacting alkali with the acidic pollutants in the waste gas. However, traditional alkali scrubbers primarily operate by spraying alkali from the top while allowing the waste gas to rise from the bottom, allowing the gas and liquid phases to contact and react within the tower. However, this treatment method often results in insufficient contact between the liquid and gas, resulting in a small contact area and a short reaction time. Specifically, the sprayed alkali solution falls rapidly under the influence of gravity, while the rising exhaust gas has limited time to interact with the alkali solution. Consequently, a large amount of exhaust gas may be discharged from the top of the tower before fully reacting with the alkali solution. Furthermore, the gas-liquid mixing method within traditional scrubbers is relatively simple, making it difficult to achieve uniform and sufficient contact. This results in low alkali solution utilization, inefficient removal of pollutants from the exhaust gas, and an inability to meet increasingly stringent environmental emission standards. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the above-mentioned defects, an embodiment of the present invention provides a waste gas treatment device for producing formic acid from carbon dioxide, which solves the technical problem in the prior art that the traditional alkali liquid washing tower only treats the gas by spraying the liquid and rising the gas. In this process, the liquid and gas cannot fully react, resulting in poor waste gas treatment effect.

[0004] According to one aspect, at least one embodiment of the present invention provides a waste gas treatment device for producing formic acid from carbon dioxide, comprising: A tower body, wherein the tower body is provided with an air inlet at the bottom and an air outlet at the top; A spoiler assembly is horizontally arranged in the tower body and located between the air inlet and the air outlet. The spoiler assembly includes: A mounting plate, the mounting plate being horizontally arranged in the tower body, and having a plurality of water holes evenly distributed on the mounting plate; A spiral guide cone is provided inverted below the mounting plate, and the conical surface of the spiral guide cone is provided with a spiral guide groove whose two ends are respectively connected to the bottom and the top of the cone, and the spiral guide groove is used to guide the liquid from top to bottom and the gas from bottom to top. The bottom end surface of the spiral guide cone and the mounting plate are connected by a plurality of elastic parts arranged circumferentially, and the elastic parts are used to elastically pull the spiral guide cone upward, and the spiral guide cone can shake in the tower body when impacted by gas and / or liquid.

[0005] There are a number of spoiler components, which are arranged at intervals along the axis of the tower body.

[0006] The bottom end surface of the spiral guide cone is provided with a plurality of limit grooves extending in the axial direction, and the bottom of the mounting plate is provided with a plurality of limit rods extending downward and extending into the limit grooves. A swing gap is formed between the inner peripheral wall of the limit groove and the outer peripheral wall of the limit rod, which is used to limit the swing range of the spiral guide cone.

[0007] For example, in a waste gas treatment device for producing formic acid from carbon dioxide provided in at least one embodiment of the present invention, the interior of the spiral guide cone is hollow, the limiting groove is connected to the interior of the spiral guide cone, and the top of the spiral guide cone is provided with a drain outlet connected to the interior.

[0008] For example, in a waste gas treatment device for producing formic acid from carbon dioxide provided in at least one embodiment of the present invention, the cross-sectional area of ​​the spiral guide groove gradually increases from bottom to top, and the spiral guide grooves are present in a plurality of numbers and are evenly distributed along the circumference of the spiral guide cone surface.

[0009] For example, in a waste gas treatment device for producing formic acid from carbon dioxide provided by at least one embodiment of the present invention, the bottom end face of the spiral guide cone is provided with a liquid distribution cone with the top of the cone facing the mounting plate, and the outer peripheral wall of the liquid distribution cone is provided with a liquid guide groove, and the two ends of the liquid guide groove are respectively connected to the cone surface of the liquid distribution cone and the spiral guide groove.

[0010] For example, in a waste gas treatment device for producing formic acid from carbon dioxide provided by at least one embodiment of the present invention, vibration motors are symmetrically provided on both sides of the mounting plate, and the vibration motors are used to drive the mounting plate to vibrate in the radial direction.

[0011] For example, in a waste gas treatment device for producing formic acid from carbon dioxide provided by at least one embodiment of the present invention, a gas pulse unit connected to the air inlet is further provided in the tower body, and the gas pulse unit includes: An annular cylinder body, the annular cylinder body is arranged in the tower body, the annular cylinder body has an annular pulse chamber extending vertically and connected to the air inlet, and the top of the annular pulse chamber is provided with a plurality of circumferentially distributed air jets; A piston ring is located in the annular pulse cavity and vertically slides with the annular pulse cavity; A driving mechanism is arranged in the tower body and is used to drive the piston ring to vertically slide.

[0012] For example, the waste gas treatment device for carbon dioxide to produce formic acid provided by at least one embodiment of the present application includes a spraying member which is rotationally connected to the top wall inside the tower body.

[0013] For example, the waste gas treatment device for carbon dioxide to produce formic acid provided by at least one embodiment of the present application includes a spraying member which is rotationally connected to the top wall inside the tower body. A support pipeline is in communication with an external liquid source at one end and is located at the top of the tower body at the other end; A rotating frame is rotationally connected to the end of the support pipeline inside the tower body, the outer peripheral wall of the rotating frame is provided with a plurality of liquid distribution blades which are distributed in a radial manner, and the outer peripheral wall of the rotating frame is also provided with a plurality of water outlets which are directed to the liquid distribution blades.

[0014] The embodiments of the present application have the following beneficial effects: In the present application, the tower body forms a closed flow channel for waste gas treatment through the gas inlet and the gas outlet, so that the waste gas is discharged after being treated in the tower body. The installation plate provides a liquid distribution structure, and the uniform distribution of the water passing holes enables the liquid to be uniformly dispersed in the radial direction of the tower body, avoiding the local concentration of the liquid and creating conditions for subsequent full contact with the waste gas. The inverted arrangement of the spiral flow guide cone cooperates with the spiral flow guide groove, so that the originally linear flowing gas-liquid two-phase is converted into spiral path flowing, which prolongs the contact time of the gas-liquid two-phase in the tower body and increases the contact area. The plurality of circumferentially arranged elastic members suspend the spiral flow guide cone below the installation plate and enable the spiral flow guide cone to swing when it is impacted by the gas-liquid, so that the position of the spiral flow guide cone changes continuously during the swinging process, the contact angle of the gas-liquid two-phase is continuously changed, a stable liquid film is avoided on the cone surface, the disturbance of the gas-liquid interface is enhanced, and the mass transfer efficiency is improved. The gap between the spiral flow guide cone and the inner wall of the tower body provides a supplementary channel for gas-liquid flow, avoiding the blockage of the gas-liquid outside the spiral flow guide cone and ensuring the smoothness of the overall flow channel. The above-mentioned structures work together to solve the problems of short gas-liquid contact time and insufficient mixing in the traditional device, and improve the waste gas treatment effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the description of the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some example embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings according to the content of the example embodiments of the present application and these drawings without creating any creative labor.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a waste gas treatment device for producing formic acid from carbon dioxide in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional internal structure of the exhaust gas treatment device in the embodiment of FIG. Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a spoiler assembly in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 1 A front view of the structure of the spoiler assembly in the embodiment; Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional internal structure of the spoiler assembly in the embodiment; Figure 6 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 7 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0017] In the figure: 1. tower body, 11. air inlet, 12. air outlet, 2. spoiler assembly, 21. mounting plate, 211. water hole, 22. spiral guide cone, 221. spiral guide groove, 23. elastic member, 222. limit groove, 212. limit rod, 223. drain outlet, 24. liquid distribution cone, 241. liquid guide groove, 25. vibration motor, 3. gas pulse unit, 31. annular cylinder, 311. annular pulse chamber, 312. jet nozzle, 32. piston ring, 4. spray member, 41. rotating frame, 42. liquid distribution blade, 43. water outlet, 44. support pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention.

[0018] To simplify the drawings, only the parts relevant to the disclosure are schematically shown in each figure; they do not represent the actual structure of the product. Furthermore, to simplify the drawings and facilitate understanding, in some figures, only one of the components with the same structure or function is schematically shown or labeled. In this document, "one" not only means "only one" but also "more than one," and "several" includes "two" and "more than two."

[0019] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediary; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0020] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Furthermore, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0021] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "up", "down", "left", "right", etc., and the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0022] In addition, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 7As shown in the figure, it shows a waste gas treatment device for carbon dioxide producing formic acid in an embodiment of the present application, which comprises a tower body 1 and a turbulence assembly 2. The tower body 1 is a vertical cylinder, the bottom side wall of which is provided with an air inlet 11, and the top end face is provided with an air outlet 12, the air inlet 11 and the air outlet 12 are arranged opposite to each other along the axial direction of the tower body 1. The turbulence assembly 2 is horizontally arranged in the tower body 1 between the air inlet 11 and the air outlet 12. The mounting plate 21 is a circular plate structure, the outer periphery of which is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the tower body 1 through the welding lug provided on the outer peripheral wall of the mounting plate 21, a plurality of water passing holes 211 are provided on the plate surface of the mounting plate 21, the water passing holes 211 are uniformly distributed along the radial direction and the circumferential direction of the mounting plate 21, and each water passing hole 211 penetrates the upper and lower surfaces of the mounting plate 21 along the vertical direction. The spiral flow guide cone 22 is an inverted cone, the cone bottom is upward, and the cone top is downward, and the end face of the cone bottom is arranged opposite to the lower surface of the mounting plate 21. The conical surface of the spiral flow guide cone 22 is provided with a spiral flow guide groove 221 along the circumferential direction, the upper end of the spiral flow guide groove 221 starts from the edge of the cone bottom, and the lower end extends to the cone top, forming a continuous spiral path. The elastic member 23 is columnar, the number of which is multiple, and is uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the end face of the cone bottom of the spiral flow guide cone 22, the upper end of each elastic member 23 is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the mounting plate 21, and the lower end is fixedly connected with the end face of the cone bottom of the spiral flow guide cone 22, and the elastic member 23 is in a stretched state to exert an upward tension on the spiral flow guide cone 22. There is a gap between the outer peripheral wall of the spiral flow guide cone 22 and the inner wall of the tower body 1, the gap is arranged around the spiral flow guide cone 22, and the width of the gap is greater than the maximum swing amplitude of the spiral flow guide cone 22.

[0024] In operation, the waste gas containing pollutants enters the tower body 1 from the air inlet 11 and flows upward in the interior of the tower body 1, and the liquid for treatment is injected from the top of the tower body 1 and flows downward through the water passing holes 211 of the mounting plate 21. After the liquid passes through the water passing holes 211, it flows along the spiral path to the cone top under the guidance of the spiral flow guide groove 221 after directly contacting the end face of the cone bottom of the spiral flow guide cone 22. The upward flowing waste gas contacts the conical surface of the spiral flow guide cone 22 and flows upward along the spiral path under the guidance of the spiral flow guide groove 221, and the waste gas and the liquid meet and react in the spiral flow guide groove 221. When the waste gas and the liquid flow through the spiral flow guide groove 221, the impact force causes the spiral flow guide cone 22 to swing, the elastic member 23 deforms with the swing, and the restoring force generated by the deformation drives the spiral flow guide cone 22 to reset, forming a continuous reciprocating swing.

[0025] The tower body 1 forms a closed flow channel for exhaust gas treatment through the air inlet 11 and the air outlet 12, ensuring that the exhaust gas is discharged after being processed within the tower body 1. The installation of the mounting plate 21 provides a diversion structure for the liquid. The uniform distribution of the water holes 211 allows the liquid to be evenly dispersed along the radial direction of the tower body 1, preventing the liquid from falling in a localized area, creating conditions for subsequent sufficient contact with the exhaust gas. The inverted setting of the spiral guide cone 22, combined with the spiral guide groove 221, causes the gas and liquid phases that originally flowed in a straight line to flow along a spiral path, extending the contact time of the gas and liquid phases within the tower body 1 and increasing the contact area. Multiple circumferentially arranged elastic members 23, on the one hand, suspend the spiral guide cone 22 below the mounting plate 21, and on the other hand, through elastic traction, enable the spiral guide cone 22 to swing when impacted by gas and liquid. During the swinging process, the position of the spiral guide cone 22 continuously changes, prompting the contact angle of the gas and liquid phases to continuously change, avoiding the formation of a stable liquid film on the cone surface, enhancing the disturbance of the gas-liquid interface, and improving mass transfer efficiency. The gap between the spiral guide cone 22 and the inner wall of the tower body 1 provides a supplementary channel for gas and liquid flow, preventing gas and liquid from clogging around the outer periphery of the spiral guide cone 22 and ensuring smooth flow throughout the entire flow path. The synergistic effect of the above structures solves the problems of short gas-liquid contact time and insufficient mixing in traditional devices, thereby improving the exhaust gas treatment effect.

[0026] In some examples, such as Figure 2 As shown, the exhaust gas treatment device includes three spoiler assemblies 2, spaced vertically along the axis of the tower body 1. Each spoiler assembly 2 has the same structure, with the outer periphery of its mounting plate 21 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tower body 1. The spiral guide cone 22 has its base facing upward and its top facing downward. In two adjacent spoiler assemblies 2, the spiral guide groove 221 of the upper spiral guide cone 22 rotates in opposite directions to the spiral guide groove 221 of the lower spiral guide cone 22. The distance between the topmost spoiler assembly 2 and the top of the tower body 1 is smaller than the distance between the bottommost spoiler assembly 2 and the bottom of the tower body 1, and the spacing between adjacent spoiler assemblies 2 is equal.

[0027] If the interference flow components 2 are arranged at vertical intervals along the axis of the tower body 1, the gas and liquid phases will pass through multiple interference flow areas in sequence during the process of rising and falling in the tower body 1, which will extend the total time of gas-liquid contact and avoid the problem of insufficient single interference flow treatment. The spiral guide grooves 221 of adjacent interference flow components 2 have opposite rotation directions, which prompts the gas-liquid flow field to form spiral motions with alternating directions at different heights, breaking the flow field inertia caused by a single rotation direction and reducing the blind spots of gas-liquid contact. The structure with equal intervals makes the interference flow intensity in the tower body 1 evenly distributed along the axial direction, preventing local areas from affecting the overall purification effect due to insufficient treatment intensity, and further improving the thoroughness of exhaust gas treatment through multi-stage synergy.

[0028] In some examples, such as Figures 3 to 5As shown, the bottom end surface of the spiral guide cone 22 is uniformly circumferentially defined with four limiting grooves 222. These limiting grooves 222 are cylindrical grooves whose axes are parallel to the axis of the spiral guide cone 22. Four limiting rods 212 are provided on the lower surface of the mounting plate 21 at positions corresponding to the limiting grooves 222. These limiting rods 212 are cylindrical rods with a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the limiting grooves 222. The lower ends of the limiting rods 212 extend into the limiting grooves 222, forming an annular swinging gap between the outer circumferential wall of the limiting rods 212 and the inner circumferential wall of the limiting grooves 222. The length of the limiting rods 212 is greater than the depth of the limiting grooves 222, and an axial gap is left between the lower ends of the limiting rods 212 and the bottom of the limiting grooves 222.

[0029] The combination of the limiting groove 222 and the limiting rod 212 limits the swing range of the spiral guide cone 22, preventing the spiral guide cone 22 from colliding with the inner wall of the tower body 1 or other components due to excessive swing amplitude, thereby ensuring the stability of the equipment operation. The setting of the swing gap not only allows the spiral guide cone 22 to swing within a reasonable range to enhance gas-liquid disturbance, but also prevents fatigue or structural damage of the elastic member 23 caused by excessive swing through mechanical limitation, thereby extending the service life of the equipment. The setting of the axial gap prevents interference between the spiral guide cone 22 and the limiting rod 212 during axial displacement, ensuring the flexibility of the swing.

[0030] In some examples, the interior of the spiral guide cone 22 is a hollow cavity extending from the bottom to the top. A through-hole is provided at the bottom of the retaining groove 222, connecting to the hollow cavity of the spiral guide cone 22, allowing liquid within the retaining groove 222 to flow into the cavity. A drain outlet 223 is provided at the top of the spiral guide cone 22. This drain outlet 223 is a cylindrical channel, with its upper end connecting to the hollow cavity and its lower end extending through the top surface of the cone. The axis of the drain outlet 223 coincides with the axis of the spiral guide cone 22.

[0031] The hollow structure of spiral guide cone 22, combined with the through-holes of limit groove 222, directs liquid accumulated within limit groove 222 into the cavity, preventing it from stagnating and affecting the swinging flexibility of spiral guide cone 22. Drain 223 drains liquid from the cavity below spiral guide cone 22, preventing accumulation of liquid within the cavity and increasing the weight of spiral guide cone 22, ensuring its free swing under the impact of gas and liquid. This structure achieves autonomous drainage of liquid, reduces the structural load caused by liquid accumulation, and ensures the stable operation of spoiler assembly 2.

[0032] In some examples, there are multiple spiral guide grooves 221, evenly distributed along the circumference of the spiral guide cone 22, with equal spacing between adjacent spiral guide grooves 221. Each spiral guide groove 221 has a rectangular or U-shaped cross-section, with the width and depth gradually increasing from the base to the apex. Specifically, the spiral guide grooves 221 are narrower and shallower at the base and wider and deeper at the apex. The spiral angle of the spiral guide grooves 221 remains constant, extending continuously along the cone surface to form a complete spiral path.

[0033] Multiple spiral guide grooves 221, evenly distributed around the circumference, ensure uniform distribution of the gas-liquid phases across the entire surface of the spiral guide cone 22, preventing localized concentrations of gas and liquid that could lead to inadequate contact. The spiral guide grooves 221, with their increasing cross-sectional area from bottom to top, accommodate the volume increase caused by mixing and diffusion during gas and liquid flow. Furthermore, the evenly distributed spiral path ensures consistent contact conditions between the gas and liquid at all circumferential locations, improving the uniformity of overall mass transfer efficiency.

[0034] In some examples, the liquid distribution cone 24 is fixed to the center of the bottom end surface of the spiral guide cone 22, with its top facing upward and toward the center of the mounting plate 21. The conical surface of the liquid distribution cone 24 forms a smooth transition with the bottom end surface of the spiral guide cone 22. The outer wall of the liquid distribution cone 24 is provided with the same number of liquid guide grooves 241 as the spiral guide grooves 221. The liquid guide grooves 241 extend along the generatrix of the liquid distribution cone 24. The upper ends of the liquid guide grooves 241 originate from the peripheral wall of the liquid distribution cone 24 and the lower ends extend to the bottom edge of the spiral guide cone 22, where they communicate with the upper inlet of the spiral guide grooves 221. The liquid guide grooves 241 have a rectangular or V-shaped cross-section, and their width can be configured to gradually increase from the top to the bottom.

[0035] The liquid distribution cone 24 guides liquid falling from the center of the mounting plate 21 to the edge of the cone base, preventing liquid accumulation at the center and achieving radial dispersion. Liquid guide grooves 241 direct liquid from the liquid distribution cone 24 directly into the spiral guide grooves 221, ensuring that the liquid quickly enters the spiral path for gas-liquid contact and reducing the liquid's residence time at the cone base. The combination of the liquid distribution cone 24 and the liquid guide grooves 241 further optimizes the liquid distribution path, ensuring a more even distribution of liquid to each spiral guide groove 221 and enhancing the effectiveness of gas-liquid contact.

[0036] In some examples, two vibration motors 25 are mounted on either side of the central axis of the upper surface of the mounting plate 21, symmetrically distributed along the diameter of the mounting plate 21. The output shaft of the vibration motor 25 extends radially along the mounting plate 21, and the housing of the vibration motor 25 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 21 via bolts. When the vibration motor 25 is in operation, the rotation of its output shaft causes the mounting plate 21 to generate periodic vibrations in the radial direction, parallel to the plane of the mounting plate 21.

[0037] The vibration motor 25 drives the mounting plate 21 to vibrate radially. This vibration is transmitted to the spiral guide cone 22 via the elastic member 23, superimposing radial vibrations on the spiral guide cone 22's own oscillations, further enhancing the disturbance of the liquid on the cone surface. The symmetrical arrangement of the vibration motors 25 ensures balanced vibration of the mounting plate 21, preventing tilting of the mounting plate 21 or structural stress concentration caused by unilateral vibration. The high-frequency disturbance generated by the vibration disrupts the stable laminar flow at the gas-liquid interface, promoting molecular diffusion between the gas and liquid phases and improving mass transfer efficiency.

[0038] In some examples, such as Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the gas pulse unit 3 is located at the bottom of the tower body 1, between the air inlet 11 and the lowest spoiler assembly 2. The annular cylinder 31 is a circular ring structure, with its outer circumferential wall fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tower body 1. An annular pulse chamber 311 is formed within the annular cylinder 31, and the lower end of the annular pulse chamber 311 is connected to the air inlet 11. The piston ring 32 is an annular plate with its outer circumference slidingly engaged with the inner circumferential wall of the annular pulse chamber 311. The lower surface of the piston ring 32 is connected to the drive mechanism. The drive mechanism includes a motor, a cam, and a connecting rod. The motor is fixed to the outer wall of the tower body 1, and the cam is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor. One end of the connecting rod is hinged to the cam, and the other end passes through the side wall of the annular cylinder 31 and is hinged to the piston ring 32. When the motor drives the cam to rotate, the connecting rod drives the piston ring 32 to slide vertically up and down within the annular pulse chamber 311, causing the volume of the annular pulse chamber 311 to change periodically and ejecting a pulsed airflow through the air jet 312.

[0039] The gas pulse unit 3 creates a pulsed airflow from the exhaust gas entering the tower body 1 through the vertical sliding of the piston ring 32. The periodic pressure changes of the pulsed airflow enhance the impact force on the spiral guide cone 22, causing the spiral guide cone 22 to swing more violently, further strengthening the gas-liquid disturbance. The design of the annular pulse chamber 311 and the air jet 312 ensures that the pulsed airflow is evenly distributed along the circumference of the tower body 1, avoiding localized overly strong or weak airflow and ensuring consistent gas-liquid mixing intensity in each area. The introduction of the pulsed airflow prolongs the residence time of the exhaust gas within the tower body 1, improving the removal efficiency of low-concentration pollutants.

[0040] In some examples, such as Figure 2 and Figure 7As shown, a mounting base is located at the center of the top wall of the tower body 1. A motor is fixed to the base. The motor's output shaft extends horizontally and is equipped with a driving gear. The spray element 4 comprises a support pipe 44, a rotating frame 41, and liquid distribution blades 42. One end of the support pipe 44 extends through the side wall of the tower body 1 and connects to an external liquid source, while the other end resides within the tower body. The rotating frame 41 is an annular structure, its center pivoted around the end of the support pipe 44 within the tower body via a sleeve. A sliding bearing is provided between the rotating frame 41 and the support pipe 44. An annular ring gear is provided on the outer periphery of the top of the rotating frame 41, which meshes with the driving gear to form a gear transmission structure. The number of liquid distribution blades 42 is the same as the number of liquid outlets, and they are evenly distributed along the outer periphery of the rotating frame 41. Each liquid distribution blade 42 extends radially outward from the rotating frame 41. A guide groove is provided on the upper surface of each blade, with the inlet end of the guide groove facing the direction of the liquid outlet. When the motor drives the driving gear to rotate, the annular ring gear drives the rotating frame 41 to rotate around the support pipe 44.

[0041] Driven by a motor, the gear mechanism ensures smooth rotation of the spray element 4, preventing potential wobbling or jamming caused by eccentric torque and ensuring precise rotation. The use of sliding bearings reduces friction between the rotating frame 41 and the support pipe 44, extending service life. This drive system distributes liquid more evenly over the water holes 211 of the mounting plate 21, providing an adequate and uniform liquid supply for subsequent gas-liquid mixing, significantly improving exhaust gas treatment efficiency and stability.

[0042] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste gas treatment device for producing formic acid from carbon dioxide, characterized in that: include: A tower body (1), wherein the tower body (1) is provided with an air inlet (11) at the bottom and an air outlet (12) at the top; A spoiler assembly (2), the spoiler assembly (2) being horizontally arranged in the tower body (1) and located between the air inlet (11) and the air outlet (12), the spoiler assembly (2) comprising: A mounting plate (21), the mounting plate (21) being horizontally arranged in the tower body (1), and the mounting plate (21) being provided with a plurality of water holes (211); A spiral guide cone (22) is provided upside down below the mounting plate (21); a conical surface of the spiral guide cone (22) is provided with a spiral guide groove (221) with two ends respectively connected to the cone bottom and the cone top; the spiral guide groove (221) is used to guide liquid from top to bottom and gas from bottom to top; the cone bottom end surface of the spiral guide cone (22) and the mounting plate (21) are connected by a plurality of elastic members (23) arranged circumferentially; the elastic members (23) are used to elastically pull the spiral guide cone (22) upward; and the spiral guide cone (22) can shake in the tower body (1) when impacted by gas and / or liquid.

2. The waste gas treatment device for producing formic acid from carbon dioxide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spoiler components (2) are in a plurality and are arranged at intervals along the axis of the tower body (1).

3. The waste gas treatment device for producing formic acid from carbon dioxide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end surface of the spiral guide cone (22) is provided with a plurality of limit grooves (222) extending in the axial direction, and the bottom of the mounting plate (21) is provided with a plurality of limit rods (212) extending downward and extending into the limit grooves (222). A swing gap is formed between the inner peripheral wall of the limit groove (222) and the outer peripheral wall of the limit rod (212) to limit the swing range of the spiral guide cone (22).

4. The waste gas treatment device for producing formic acid from carbon dioxide according to claim 3, characterized in that: The spiral guide cone (22) is hollow inside, the limiting groove (222) is connected to the inside of the spiral guide cone (22), and a drainage outlet (223) connected to the inside is provided at the top of the spiral guide cone (22).

5. The waste gas treatment device for producing formic acid from carbon dioxide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional area of ​​the spiral guide groove (221) gradually increases from bottom to top, and the spiral guide grooves (221) are present in a plurality of numbers and are evenly distributed along the circumference of the spiral guide cone (22).

6. The waste gas treatment device for producing formic acid from carbon dioxide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end surface of the spiral guide cone (22) is provided with a liquid distribution cone (24) with its top facing the mounting plate (21); the outer peripheral wall of the liquid distribution cone (24) is provided with a liquid guide groove (241); and the two ends of the liquid guide groove (241) are respectively connected to the cone surface of the liquid distribution cone (24) and the spiral guide groove (221).

7. The waste gas treatment device for producing formic acid from carbon dioxide according to claim 1, characterized in that: Vibration motors (25) are symmetrically provided on both sides of the mounting plate (21), and the vibration motors (25) are used to drive the mounting plate (21) to vibrate in the radial direction.

8. The waste gas treatment device for producing formic acid from carbon dioxide according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gas pulse unit (3) in communication with the gas inlet (11) is further provided in the tower body (1). The gas pulse unit (3) comprises: an annular cylinder (31), the annular cylinder (31) being arranged in the tower body (1), the annular cylinder (31) having an annular pulse chamber (311) extending vertically and communicating with the air inlet (11), the top of the annular pulse chamber (311) being provided with a plurality of circumferentially distributed air jets (312); a piston ring (32), the piston ring (32) being located in the annular pulse chamber (311) and vertically slidingly engaged with the annular pulse chamber (311); A driving mechanism is provided in the tower body (1) and is used to drive the piston ring (32) to slide vertically.

9. The waste gas treatment device for producing formic acid from carbon dioxide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top wall inside the tower body (1) is rotatably connected to a spraying member (4).

10. The waste gas treatment device for producing formic acid from carbon dioxide according to claim 9, characterized in that: The spraying element (4) comprises: a support pipeline (44), one end of the support pipeline (44) being in communication with an external liquid source and the other end being located at the top of the tower body (1); A rotating frame (41) is rotatably connected to one end of the support pipe (44) located inside the tower body (1); a plurality of radially distributed liquid distribution blades (42) are provided on the outer peripheral wall of the rotating frame (41); and a plurality of water outlets (43) facing the liquid distribution blades (42) are also provided on the outer peripheral wall of the rotating frame.

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