BIM-fused power transmission line three-dimensional parametric modeling method and topological optimization system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent power grids, in particular to a BIM-fused power transmission line three-dimensional parametric modeling method and a topological optimization system. Comprising the steps that basic data of a power transmission line are acquired, and the basic data comprise line path planning data, tower design parameters, lead and lightning conductor specification parameters, geographic information data and meteorological data; creating a basic model framework of the power transmission line based on the BIM platform, importing the line path planning data into the BIM platform, determining the overall trend of the power transmission line, and arranging a tower model on the path according to the tower design parameters; conducting parametric modeling on the wire and the lightning conductor according to specification parameters of the wire and the lightning conductor; according to the method, deep fusion of the model and an actual scene can be realized, and power transmission line modeling with dynamic simulation analysis capability is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of smart grid technology, and in particular to a three-dimensional parametric modeling method and a topology optimization system for power transmission lines integrated with BIM. Background Art

[0002] In the field of transmission line engineering design, traditional modeling methods have long relied on two-dimensional drawings and disparate data analysis tools, making it difficult to fully reflect the dynamic interactions between lines and complex geographical environments and meteorological conditions. Existing technologies often handle line route planning, tower design, and conductor mechanical analysis independently, resulting in poor data flow and a disconnect between models and actual scenarios. For example, in areas with complex terrain, line designs often suffer from problems such as insufficient conductor-to-ground distance and unreasonable tower heights due to inadequate terrain adaptation, increasing construction costs and posing safety risks. Furthermore, traditional modeling methods have significant limitations in adapting to changing meteorological conditions. Existing models are unable to simulate the mechanical responses of conductors and lightning conductors in real time under extreme weather conditions such as strong winds, icing, and high temperatures, making it difficult to assess line operational risks in advance. This static modeling approach results in a lack of dynamic adaptability in design solutions and fails to meet the dual requirements of modern power grids for transmission line reliability and cost-effectiveness.

[0003] Based on the above problems, there is an urgent need for a transmission line modeling technology that can integrate multi-source data, achieve deep integration of models and actual scenarios, and have dynamic simulation and analysis capabilities to improve design efficiency, reduce engineering risks, and promote the development of transmission line projects towards intelligence and refinement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the existing technology and propose a three-dimensional parametric modeling method for power transmission lines integrated with BIM, including: Obtaining basic data of the transmission line, including line path planning data, tower design parameters, conductor and lightning conductor specification parameters, geographic information data, and meteorological data; Create a basic model framework for the transmission line based on the BIM platform, import the line path planning data into the BIM platform, determine the overall direction of the transmission line, and arrange the tower models along the path based on the tower design parameters; Conduct parametric modeling of conductors and lightning conductors. Based on their specifications and parameters, determine their material, diameter, and unit length mass properties through parametric settings on the BIM platform. Using the BIM platform's modeling tools, starting from the tower hanging point, and based on mechanical principles and geometric relationships, construct an initial model of the conductors and lightning conductors. The terrain of the power transmission line model is adapted in combination with geographic information data, the geographic information data is converted into a terrain model recognizable by the BIM platform, and the power transmission line model is accurately matched with the terrain model through model fusion technology. Meteorological data is introduced to dynamically simulate and analyze the power transmission line model, the mechanical response of the conductor and the ground wire under different meteorological conditions is simulated according to different meteorological conditions by using a mechanical analysis algorithm, and the simulation results are fed back to the BIM model in real time to dynamically correct the model.

[0005] Preferably, the step of obtaining basic data related to the power transmission line further comprises preprocessing the basic data, and the preprocessing of the basic data comprises: The integrity and accuracy of the line path planning data are checked to check whether there are breakpoints, overlaps and unreasonable turning conditions in the path, and the path is corrected; The consistency of the tower design parameters is checked to ensure that the structural parameters and electrical parameters of the tower are matched with each other; The standardization processing is performed on the conductor and ground wire specification parameters to unify the data format and unit; The coordinate system conversion is performed on the geographic information data to make the geographic information data consistent with the coordinate system of the BIM platform, and the data is grid processed; The meteorological data is screened and sorted to remove abnormal data and is classified and stored according to different meteorological elements.

[0006] Preferably, the step of creating a basic model framework of the power transmission line based on the BIM platform further comprises establishing a parameterized driving mechanism of the power transmission line model in the BIM platform, comprising: For the tower model: defining tower key parameters, the tower key parameters comprising: tower height, call height, cross arm length and tower root opening, establishing the association between the tower key parameters and the geometric shape of the tower model, and changing the value of the key parameters; For the conductor and ground wire model: defining tension, sag and stress parameters of the conductor and ground wire, and establishing mathematical models of these parameters and the spatial position and shape of the conductor and ground wire model, so that when the parameters change, the conductor and ground wire model can automatically adjust its spatial position and shape according to the mathematical model.

[0007] Preferably, the step of adapting the power transmission line model to the terrain in combination with the geographic information data adopts a terrain matching algorithm, comprising: The terrain elevation points in the geographic information data are matched with the terrain model grid points in the BIM platform, the distance and height difference between the elevation points and the grid points are calculated to determine the fluctuation of the terrain; Adjust the tower height in the transmission line model based on the undulations of the terrain to ensure that the safe distance between the conductor and the ground meets the design specifications. When encountering areas with higher terrain, increase the tower height; when encountering areas with lower terrain, reduce the tower height. The conductor and lightning conductor models are adjusted so that they can span the undulating terrain. The optimal suspension point positions and sag shapes of the conductor and lightning conductor under different terrain conditions are calculated through an optimization algorithm.

[0008] Preferably, the step of introducing meteorological data to conduct dynamic simulation analysis on the transmission line model includes: the multi-physical field coupling effect is used to calculate the tension of the conductor and the lightning conductor through the mechanical analysis formula. Perform the calculation: ; in, Length along the conductor and lightning protection line The comprehensive load distribution function per unit length in the direction takes into account the stress factors of self-weight, ice weight, wind load, and thermal expansion and contraction caused by temperature changes; The spacing between the conductor and the lightning conductor; is the average sag within the span; The average angle between the conductor and the lightning rod within the span and the horizontal direction; It is the initial tension of the conductor and lightning conductor in the state of no wind, no ice and no temperature change; is the multi-physics field coupling coefficient, which is determined according to meteorological conditions and the material properties of the conductor and lightning rod; is the Laplace operator of the additional force generated by the coupling of electric and magnetic fields.

[0009] Preferably, it also includes a comprehensive load distribution function , the comprehensive load distribution function Used to distribute the comprehensive load per unit length of conductors and lightning conductors when considering the influence of icing After correction, the comprehensive load distribution function include: ; in, is the density of ice; is the acceleration due to gravity; is the diameter of the conductor and lightning conductor; Length along the conductor and lightning protection line Ice thickness distribution function in the direction; It is the influence coefficient of ice thickness change, reflecting the influence of ice thickness change along the length direction of conductor and lightning protection line on load.

[0010] Preferably, a quantum particle swarm optimization algorithm for topology optimization is also included, and the quantum particle swarm optimization algorithm includes: ; ; ; ; in, 、 、 is the weight coefficient, and ; The construction cost of the transmission line, including The cost of the material and dosage The sum of the products of The cost of each construction stage ; is the reliability index of the transmission line, For the The probability of occurrence of a failure type, For the The power outage duration caused by each fault type; To measure the impact of transmission lines on the environment, we conducted Internal ecological environment influencing factors Calculated by integration.

[0011] A BIM-integrated transmission line topology optimization system is applied to any of the above-mentioned BIM-integrated transmission line three-dimensional parametric modeling methods, comprising: The data acquisition and preprocessing module is used to obtain basic data related to the transmission line and preprocess the basic data. The basic data includes line path planning data, tower design parameters, conductor and lightning conductor specifications, geographic information data, and meteorological data. The preprocessing content includes data verification, consistency check, standardization, coordinate system conversion, and grid processing; The BIM modeling module, based on the BIM platform, creates a basic model framework for transmission lines, establishes a parametric driving mechanism, performs parametric modeling of conductors and lightning conductors, and adapts the transmission line model to the terrain using geographic information data. The dynamic simulation analysis module introduces meteorological data and uses mechanical analysis algorithms to perform dynamic simulation analysis on the transmission line model. It dynamically modifies the model based on the mechanical response of the conductors and lightning rods under different meteorological conditions. Topology optimization module, which uses the optimization objective function to optimize the topology of the transmission line and achieves the optimal design of the topology of the transmission line by adjusting the weight coefficient; The result display and output module displays the modeling result, dynamic simulation analysis result and topology optimization result in a visual manner and outputs relevant reports and data.

[0012] Preferably, the data acquisition and preprocessing module further comprises a data updating and maintaining unit for acquiring the latest basic data in real time and updating and maintaining the existing basic data, so as to ensure the accuracy and timeliness of the data in the system.

[0013] Preferably, the BIM modeling module, dynamic simulation analysis module and topology optimization module realize data interaction and sharing, so as to adjust and optimize the power transmission line model in real time according to the calculation results of different modules.

[0014] Technical effects: The application fuses BIM technology to construct a three-dimensional parameterized modeling method. The creative technical point lies in integrating multi-source data for model construction, combining geographic information to realize accurate terrain adaptation, and introducing meteorological data for dynamic simulation analysis of multi-physical field coupling. Compared with the problems of scattered traditional modeling data, disconnection between model and actual scene, and difficulty in simulating complex working conditions in the background technology, the application can deeply fuse the power transmission line model with actual terrain and meteorological conditions, accurately simulate the mechanical response of the conductor and the lightning conductor in real time, effectively improve the design efficiency and accuracy, reduce the engineering construction cost and safety risk, and realize the intelligentization and refinement of the power transmission line modeling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 The application is a three-dimensional parameterized modeling method for a power transmission line fusing BIM. Figure 2 The application is a topology optimization system block diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the application clearer, the application is further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the application and do not limit the application.

[0017] Please refer to Figure 1 , such as the following technical problems existing in the traditional technical scheme: the traditional power transmission line modeling has problems such as scattered data, disconnection between model and actual scene, and difficulty in simulating complex weather working conditions. For example, different sources of data formats are not unified, which leads to difficulty in integration; the model cannot accurately reflect the influence of terrain undulation on the line; when facing weather changes such as wind speed and icing, it is difficult to quickly and accurately evaluate the stress condition of the line. Based on this, the application provides a three-dimensional parameterized modeling method for a power transmission line fusing BIM, which comprises: Obtaining basic data of the transmission line, including line path planning data, tower design parameters, conductor and lightning conductor specification parameters, geographic information data, and meteorological data; Create a basic model framework for the transmission line based on the BIM platform, import the line path planning data into the BIM platform, determine the overall direction of the transmission line, and arrange the tower models along the path based on the tower design parameters; Conduct parametric modeling of conductors and lightning conductors. Based on their specifications and parameters, determine their material, diameter, and unit length mass properties through parametric settings on the BIM platform. Using the BIM platform's modeling tools, starting from the tower hanging point, and based on mechanical principles and geometric relationships, construct an initial model of the conductors and lightning conductors. Combined with geographic information data, the transmission line model is adapted to the terrain, and the geographic information data is converted into a terrain model that can be recognized by the BIM platform. Through model fusion technology, the transmission line model and the terrain model are accurately matched; Meteorological data is introduced to conduct dynamic simulation analysis of the transmission line model. Mechanical analysis algorithms are used to simulate the mechanical responses of conductors and lightning conductors under different meteorological conditions. The simulation results are fed back to the BIM model in real time to dynamically correct the model.

[0018] It is worth mentioning that: this embodiment describes the core process of three-dimensional parametric modeling of transmission lines integrated with BIM. First, basic data such as line path planning, tower design, conductor and lightning conductor specifications, geographic information and meteorology are obtained; then, the basic model framework of the transmission line is built based on the BIM platform, the line direction is determined and the towers are arranged; then, parametric modeling of the conductors and lightning conductors is performed, their material and other properties are set and the initial model is constructed; then, terrain adaptation is completed in combination with geographic information data, so that the line model and the terrain are accurately matched; finally, meteorological data is introduced for dynamic simulation analysis, and the model is modified according to the mechanical response under different meteorological conditions. The entire process deeply integrates BIM technology with transmission line modeling to achieve parametric modeling.

[0019] The technical effects of the above-mentioned embodiment include: through this technical solution, the integrated and parameterized modeling of transmission lines is achieved. The comprehensive acquisition and integration of basic data ensures the accuracy of the model information; modeling and terrain adaptation based on the BIM platform make the model more closely fit the actual terrain, improving the model's authenticity; dynamic simulation analysis can reflect the mechanical response of the line under different meteorological conditions in real time, providing a reliable basis for line design and maintenance, effectively reducing the safety risks and economic losses caused by unreasonable design or insufficient estimation of meteorological conditions, and improving the efficiency and quality of transmission line design and construction.

[0020] For example, traditional technical solutions have the following technical problems: the original basic data often has data errors, inconsistent formats, information redundancy and other problems. Errors in line path planning data may lead to unreasonable line design; inconsistent tower parameters will affect the overall stability of the line; data format differences make it difficult to effectively apply data in the BIM platform; and irregular processing of geographic information and meteorological data will reduce the accuracy of model simulation. These problems seriously affect the quality and efficiency of transmission line modeling. Based on this, the step of obtaining basic data related to the transmission line also includes preprocessing the basic data, and the preprocessing of the basic data includes: Verify the integrity and accuracy of route planning data, check whether there are breakpoints, overlaps, and unreasonable turns on the route, and make corrections; Conduct consistency checks on tower design parameters to ensure that the tower's structural and electrical parameters match each other; Standardize the specifications of conductors and lightning protection wires, and unify the data format and units; Performing coordinate system conversion on geographic information data to make it consistent with the coordinate system of the BIM platform, and performing grid processing on the data; The meteorological data is screened and sorted, abnormal data is removed, and the data is classified and stored according to different meteorological elements.

[0021] It's worth noting that this embodiment refines the basic data preprocessing steps of the previous embodiment. It checks the integrity and accuracy of line routing data, correcting issues like breakpoints and overlaps. It also performs consistency checks on tower design parameters to ensure that structural and electrical parameters match. It also standardizes conductor and lightning conductor specifications, unifying data formats and units. It converts geographic information data into a coordinate system and grids it. And it filters and organizes meteorological data, removing anomalies and storing them in categorized formats. These preprocessing operations improve the quality and usability of basic data.

[0022] The technical effects of the above-mentioned embodiments include: after preprocessing, the accuracy and standardization of basic data are greatly improved. Correction of path planning data ensures the rationality and feasibility of line design; consistency of tower parameters ensures the stability of line structure; standardized data formats enable smooth integration and application of various types of data within the BIM platform; and effective processing of geographic information and meteorological data provides reliable data support for terrain adaptation and dynamic simulation analysis, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the entire transmission line modeling, reducing design errors and rework caused by data issues, and saving time and costs.

[0023] Traditional technical solutions present the following technical challenges: Traditional transmission line models lack flexibility. When design parameters change, model modifications are difficult, requiring extensive manual effort, resulting in low efficiency and error-proneness. For example, when tower height is adjusted, the size and position of related structural components cannot automatically adapt; and when conductor tension changes, sag and spatial shape are difficult to adjust quickly and accurately. Therefore, the steps of creating a basic model framework for transmission lines based on a BIM platform also include establishing a parametric drive mechanism for the transmission line model within the BIM platform, including: For the tower model: define the key parameters of the tower, including tower height, nominal height, cross arm length and tower root opening, establish the association between the key parameters of the tower and the geometric shape of the tower model, and change the values ​​of the key parameters; For the conductor and lightning conductor model: define the tension, sag and stress parameters of the conductor and lightning conductor, and establish a mathematical model of these parameters and the spatial position and shape of the conductor and lightning conductor model. When the parameters change, the conductor and lightning conductor model can automatically adjust its spatial position and shape according to the mathematical model.

[0024] It's worth noting that this example focuses on the parametric drive mechanism established when creating the basic model framework for transmission lines on the BIM platform. For tower models, key parameters such as height, calliper height, and crossarm length are defined, and these parameters are associated with the model's geometry. For conductor and lightning conductor models, parameters such as tension and sag are defined, and a mathematical model is constructed linking these parameters to the model's spatial position and shape, enabling the model to automatically adjust when parameters change. This mechanism enables parametric drive and dynamic updating of the model.

[0025] The technical benefits of the above-described embodiments include: The establishment of a parametric drive mechanism significantly improves the modifiability and adaptability of transmission line models. Designers can easily update tower, conductor, and lightning conductor models by modifying key parameters without re-modeling, significantly shortening the design cycle. Furthermore, the accuracy of model modifications is ensured, avoiding errors that may occur with manual modification and improving design quality. This parametric drive mechanism also facilitates comparison and optimization of multiple design options, providing strong support for the refined design of transmission lines.

[0026] Traditional technical solutions have the following technical issues: In transmission line modeling, terrain significantly impacts line design. Traditional methods struggle to accurately address the relationship between the line and complex terrain, leading to issues such as non-compliant ground clearances for conductors and unreasonable sag and tension when crossing terrain. This reduces line safety and increases construction costs. Therefore, the steps of terrain-adapting the transmission line model using geographic information data employ a terrain matching algorithm, including: Match the terrain elevation points in the geographic information data with the terrain model grid points in the BIM platform, and determine the terrain undulation by calculating the distance and height difference between the elevation points and the grid points; Adjust the tower height in the transmission line model based on the undulations of the terrain to ensure that the safe distance between the conductor and the ground meets the design specifications. When encountering areas with higher terrain, increase the tower height; when encountering areas with lower terrain, reduce the tower height. The conductor and lightning conductor models are adjusted so that they can span undulating terrain. The optimal suspension point positions and sag shapes of the conductor and lightning conductor under different terrain conditions are calculated through an optimization algorithm.

[0027] It's worth noting that this example describes in detail the specific algorithmic steps for terrain adaptation based on geographic information data. First, terrain elevation points in the geographic information data are matched with grid points in the BIM platform terrain model to determine terrain undulations. Then, tower heights are intelligently adjusted based on terrain changes to ensure a safe distance between the conductors and the ground. Finally, the conductor and lightning conductor models are adjusted accordingly, and an optimization algorithm is used to calculate the optimal suspension point and sag shape, achieving perfect adaptation of the line to the terrain.

[0028] The technical effects of the above-mentioned embodiments include: A terrain-matching algorithm enables precise adaptation of the transmission line model to the terrain. Intelligent adjustment of tower height ensures a safe distance between the conductors and the ground, effectively avoiding safety hazards. Optimized adjustments to the conductor and lightning conductor models ensure that the line maintains a reasonable sag and tension distribution when crossing terrain, improving the mechanical performance and stability of the line. Furthermore, this reduces engineering changes and cost increases caused by improper terrain adaptation, improving the scientific and economical design of transmission lines.

[0029] For example, the traditional technical solutions have the following technical problems: the existing transmission line tension calculations often only consider a single or a few physical factors, ignoring the impact of factors such as electromagnetic fields on conductors and lightning conductors, and cannot accurately reflect the stress state of the line in the actual complex meteorological and physical field environment. When strong winds, ice cover and electromagnetic environment coexist, traditional calculation methods may lead to tension calculation deviations, which may affect the safety and reliability of line design. Based on this, the introduction of meteorological data to perform dynamic simulation analysis on the transmission line model includes: the multi-physical field coupling effect is used to calculate the tension of the conductors and lightning conductors through mechanical analysis formulas Perform the calculation: ; in, Length along the conductor and lightning protection line The comprehensive load distribution function per unit length in the direction takes into account the stress factors of self-weight, ice weight, wind load, and thermal expansion and contraction caused by temperature changes; The spacing between the conductor and the lightning conductor; is the average sag within the span; The average angle between the conductor and the lightning rod within the span and the horizontal direction; It is the initial tension of the conductor and lightning conductor in the state of no wind, no ice and no temperature change; is the multi-physics field coupling coefficient, which is determined according to meteorological conditions and the material properties of the conductor and lightning rod; is the Laplace operator of the additional force generated by the coupling of electric and magnetic fields.

[0030] This formula is used to calculate the tension of conductors and lightning conductors considering the multi-physics coupling effect. Traditional formulas for calculating conductor tension often only consider a single or limited physical factor. This formula, however, integrates multiple physical effects on the conductor and lightning conductor, comprehensively considering factors such as the load distribution along the length of the conductor, the conductor's geometry, initial tension, and electromagnetic field coupling. This allows for accurate calculation of tension in complex multi-physics environments, providing a more accurate basis for modifying transmission line models in dynamic simulation analysis.

[0031] : :in The length of the conductor and lightning protection line The comprehensive load distribution function per unit length in the direction takes into account the various loads that the conductor and lightning protection line are subjected to in actual operation, such as self-weight, ice weight, wind load, and thermal expansion and contraction stress caused by temperature changes. The magnitude and direction of these loads may vary at different positions on the conductor. To describe its distribution characteristics. Integral operation, from a physical point of view, takes into account the cumulative effect of load distribution on the moment of conductor tension, reflecting the influence of uneven load distribution on tension calculation.

[0032] : is the average sag within the span. The sag is an important parameter to measure the degree of sagging of the conductor between the two hanging points. It is closely related to factors such as the conductor tension, load and span. Divide the integral result by , is based on the classical theory and mathematical derivation in conductor mechanics analysis, and establishes the relationship between the cumulative effect of load distribution and the average sag, thereby deriving the contribution of this part to the conductor tension.

[0033] : Comprehensive load distribution function per unit length In gear distance The total load on the conductors and lightning rods in the entire span is obtained by integrating the load in the length direction, which reflects the overall magnitude of the load.

[0034] : is the average angle between the conductor and the lightning rod within the span and the horizontal direction, The total load is linked to the inclination angle of the conductor, and the influence of the conductor inclination on the horizontal and vertical components of the tension is considered, reflecting the role of the conductor geometry in the tension calculation.

[0035] part: The initial tension of the conductor and lightning conductor in the absence of wind, ice and temperature changes, that is, the tension in the ideal state. In actual operation, the initial tension of the conductor and lightning conductor is an important basic parameter, which has a significant impact on the mechanical properties and stability of the conductor. Multiply by The contribution of the initial tension to the current tension under the actual tilt state is taken into account, and the initial tension is combined with the actual tilt angle of the wire to make the calculation more consistent with the actual situation.

[0036] : It is the multi-physics field coupling coefficient, which is a coefficient determined by meteorological conditions and the material properties of conductors and lightning conductors. Different meteorological conditions and material properties will affect the degree of interaction between the electromagnetic field and the conductors and lightning conductors. It is used to quantify this influence and reflects the strength of the multi-physics field coupling effect.

[0037] : The Laplace operator for the additional force generated by the coupling of electric and magnetic fields, used to describe the force exerted by electromagnetic fields on conductors and lightning conductors. In actual transmission line operation, conductors and lightning conductors are subject not only to mechanical loads but also to electromagnetic fields. The Laplace operator captures the spatial variation of electromagnetic field forces. By calculating the effect of this additional force on the tension in conductors and lightning conductors, the electromagnetic field factor is incorporated into the tension calculation, making the formula more comprehensive and accurate.

[0038] It is worth mentioning that: based on the dynamic simulation analysis steps in the above embodiment, this embodiment proposes an improved formula for calculating the tension of the conductor and the lightning rod that takes into account the multi-physical field coupling effect. The formula introduces the comprehensive load distribution function along the length direction of the conductor and the lightning rod , considering factors such as deadweight, ice weight, wind load and thermal expansion and contraction stress; combined with the span , average sag , average angle and initial tension Parameters such as and increase the multi-physics field coupling coefficient Laplace operator of the additional force of electromagnetic field , comprehensive calculation of tension , to more accurately simulate tension conditions in complex multi-physics environments.

[0039] The technical effects of the above-mentioned embodiment include: the improved formula comprehensively considers multiple physical factors and multi-physics field coupling effects, and can more accurately calculate the tension of conductors and lightning conductors under different meteorological conditions. It provides a more accurate basis for dynamic model correction, making the mechanical response simulation of the transmission line model in complex environments more realistic and reliable. Transmission lines based on this design can better withstand various physical effects in actual operation, reduce the risk of line failures caused by inaccurate tension calculations, improve the safety and stability of transmission lines, and also provide a more scientific reference for line maintenance and inspection.

[0040] For example, traditional technical solutions have the following technical problems: the actual icing situation of transmission lines is complex, and the ice thickness is unevenly distributed on the conductors. Traditional calculation methods usually assume that the ice is evenly distributed, resulting in inaccurate calculation of ice loads and failure to truly reflect the stress conditions of the line under icing conditions. This inaccurate calculation may make the line design unable to effectively respond to icing disasters, increasing the probability of line collapse, line breakage and other accidents. Based on this, it also includes a comprehensive load distribution function , the comprehensive load distribution function Used to distribute the comprehensive load per unit length of conductors and lightning rods when considering the influence of icing The comprehensive load distribution function is modified include: ; in, is the density of ice; is the acceleration due to gravity; is the diameter of the conductor and lightning conductor; Length along the conductor and lightning protection line Ice thickness distribution function in the direction; It is the influence coefficient of ice thickness change, reflecting the influence of ice thickness change along the length direction of conductor and lightning protection line on load.

[0041] In actual transmission line operation, icing can significantly affect the stresses on conductors and lightning conductors, and the distribution of ice thickness along the conductors is often uneven. Traditional calculation methods typically assume uniform ice distribution, which does not accurately reflect the actual situation. This formula aims to modify the integrated load distribution function per unit length of conductors and lightning conductors when considering the effects of icing. By introducing new parameters and calculation methods, it more accurately describes the impact of uneven ice distribution on loads, thereby improving the accuracy of simulation analysis of transmission lines under icing conditions.

[0042] : Same as the meaning in the above embodiment, it is the length along the conductor and lightning protection line The comprehensive load distribution function per unit length in a certain direction includes various load factors in addition to the icing load. When considering the effects of icing, it serves as the base load and is the starting point for calculating the comprehensive load after icing.

[0043] : : is the density of ice, is the acceleration due to gravity, These components are combined to calculate the weight of ice per unit area. This is a fundamental physical quantity used to determine the basic calculation factor for ice weight when calculating ice load.

[0044] : is the diameter of the conductor and lightning conductor, Length along the conductor and lightning protection line Ice thickness distribution function in the direction. Indicates the equivalent diameter of the conductor and lightning conductor after considering the thickness of ice, multiplied by The result is the cross-sectional area of ​​ice per unit length. Multiplying the weight of ice per unit area by the cross-sectional area of ​​ice per unit length gives the load per unit length due to ice. This calculation considers the effects of ice thickness and conductor diameter on ice load, demonstrating the relationship between ice load, conductor geometry, and ice thickness.

[0045] part: : is the ice thickness variation coefficient, which is a coefficient determined according to the actual situation and is used to quantify the influence of ice thickness variation along the length of the conductor and lightning protection line on the load. Under different ice environments and meteorological conditions, the variation characteristics of ice thickness are different. The value of will be adjusted accordingly.

[0046] : Ice thickness distribution function The derivative of the length reflects the rate of change of the ice thickness along the length of the conductor and the ground wire. When the ice thickness is unevenly distributed on the conductor, the change in thickness will cause a change in the load distribution. By calculating this rate of change and multiplying it by the ice thickness change influence coefficient , the impact of ice thickness change on the load can be taken into account in the calculation of the comprehensive load distribution function, making the formula more accurate in describing the load situation when the ice is unevenly distributed.

[0047] It is worth mentioning that: the embodiment is based on the above-mentioned embodiment, and the ice influence on the unit length comprehensive load distribution function of the conductor and the ground wire is corrected. The ice thickness distribution function along the length of the conductor and the ground wire is introduced, the density of the ice , the acceleration of gravity and the diameter of the conductor and the ground wire are combined to calculate the load generated by the ice, and the ice thickness change influence coefficient and the ice thickness change rate are added to consider the impact of uneven distribution of ice thickness on the load, so as to obtain the comprehensive load distribution function after the ice.

[0048] The technical effects of the above-mentioned embodiment include: through the corrected comprehensive load distribution function , the influence of uneven distribution of ice on the unit length comprehensive load can be more accurately described. In dynamic simulation analysis, the line mechanical response calculated based on the function is more in line with the actual ice working condition, providing a more reliable basis for the design and safety evaluation of the line under ice weather conditions. It is helpful to take targeted anti-icing measures in advance, such as optimizing the line structure, installing anti-icing devices, etc., to reduce the harm of ice to the transmission line and improve the operation reliability of the line under severe weather conditions.

[0049] The traditional technical solution has the following technical problems: the traditional transmission line topology optimization often only focuses on a single target of economy or reliability, ignores the influence of environmental factors, and the optimization algorithm efficiency is low, it is difficult to find the optimal solution in complex situations. For example, simply pursuing economic cost reduction may lead to a decrease in line reliability; not considering environmental impact may cause ecological damage. Based on this, a quantum particle swarm optimization algorithm for topology optimization is also included, which includes: ; ; ; ; Wherein, , , is a weight coefficient, and ; is the construction cost of the power transmission line, including the sum of the product of the cost of the first material and its usage , and the cost of the first construction link ; is the reliability index of the power transmission line, is the occurrence probability of the first fault type, is the outage time caused by the first fault type; is the degree of influence of the power transmission line on the environment, which is calculated by integrating the ecological environmental influence factors in the surrounding area of the power transmission line.

[0050] This formula system is used for power transmission line topology optimization, introduces quantum particle swarm optimization algorithm, and realizes multi-objective optimization design of power transmission line topology structure by constructing an optimization objective function that comprehensively considers economy, reliability and environmental friendliness. Traditional power transmission line topology optimization often only focuses on a single target, such as economy or reliability, while this formula system integrates multiple important targets, reduces construction cost and reduces environmental impact under the premise of meeting reliability requirements, making power transmission line design more scientific and reasonable, and meeting the comprehensive needs of modern engineering construction.

[0051] In the formula: : is the optimization objective function, which is the core index in the entire topology optimization process. By calculating the value of this function, the pros and cons of different power transmission line topology structure schemes are evaluated. The smaller the function value, the better the scheme in terms of comprehensive consideration of economy, reliability and environmental friendliness.

[0052] , , : is a weight coefficient, and . These weight coefficients are determined according to actual engineering needs and policy guidance, and are used to weigh the importance of economy, reliability and environmental friendliness. For example, in resource scarce areas, the economy weight coefficient may be appropriately increased; in areas with extremely high requirements for power supply reliability, the reliability weight coefficient may be increased; and in ecologically sensitive areas, the environmental friendliness weight coefficient​ By adjusting the weight coefficient, the personalized optimization of the transmission line topology can be achieved according to different actual conditions.

[0053] C. 、 : Representing the construction cost, reliability, and environmental impact of transmission lines, respectively, they are the three key components of the optimization objective function. They are quantified using their respective formulas and then weighted and summed according to their weight coefficients to obtain the final optimization objective function value.

[0054] Part : It is the construction cost of the transmission line, which is an important indicator for evaluating the economic feasibility of the transmission line.

[0055] :in For the The cost of the materials, For the The total material cost for transmission line construction is obtained by summing the product of the cost and quantity of all materials. Transmission line construction involves a variety of materials, such as tower materials, conductor materials, and insulator materials. The cost and quantity of each material will affect the total cost. This summation calculation can accurately calculate the material cost component.

[0056] :For the The cost of each construction link, including equipment rental, labor costs, and transportation costs, is calculated. Adding the total material cost to the costs of each construction link yields the total construction cost of the transmission line. This calculation formula comprehensively considers all cost factors in the transmission line construction process and provides an accurate quantitative basis for evaluating the economic feasibility of the line.

[0057] part: : This is a reliability index for transmission lines, an important parameter that measures their ability to maintain normal power supply during operation. A larger reliability index value indicates a more reliable transmission line.

[0058] :in For the The probability of occurrence of a failure type, For the The power outage duration caused by various fault types is summed. The product of the probability of all fault types and the outage duration is summed to produce a value that comprehensively reflects the fault status of the transmission line. This value takes into account the likelihood of different fault types and the impact of the fault on power supply. By taking the reciprocal of this value as the reliability index, it is positively correlated with line reliability. Specifically, the smaller the sum of the product of the fault probability and the outage duration, the larger the reliability index obtained after taking the reciprocal, indicating a more reliable line.

[0059] middle: : The degree of environmental impact of a transmission line, a key indicator for evaluating its environmental friendliness. By calculating this integral, we can quantify the impact of transmission line construction and operation on the surrounding ecological environment.

[0060] :in represents the area around the transmission line, It is an ecological environment impact factor, which comprehensively considers the impact of multiple factors such as electromagnetic radiation, land occupation, and vegetation destruction on the ecological environment. From a physical perspective, the double integral is a cumulative calculation of the impact on the ecological environment in the entire region.

[0061] This integral operation accumulates the effects of ecological and environmental impact factors at different locations, yielding a comprehensive result that reflects the overall impact of a transmission line on the surrounding ecological environment. This calculation formula considers the spatial distribution of ecological and environmental impacts and provides a scientific, quantitative method for evaluating the environmental friendliness of transmission lines.

[0062] It is worth mentioning that this embodiment introduces the quantum particle swarm optimization algorithm in the topology optimization process to construct an optimization objective function that comprehensively considers economy, reliability and environmental friendliness. The objective function is composed of the construction cost , reliability indicators and environmental impact Weighted composition, where By calculating the material cost and construction cost, Determined based on failure probability and power outage duration, It is obtained by integrating the ecological environment impact factors of the area around the line. 、 、 Weigh the importance of each objective and achieve multi-objective optimization of the transmission line topology.

[0063] The technical benefits of the above-described embodiments include: Based on the quantum particle swarm optimization algorithm and multi-objective optimization functions, it is possible to quickly find the optimal solution that balances economic efficiency, reliability, and environmental friendliness within the complex design space of power transmission line topologies. While meeting reliability requirements, it also reduces construction costs and minimizes the impact on the ecological environment, maximizing the overall benefits of power transmission line design. This optimization method helps promote the development of green, efficient, and sustainable power transmission line construction, improving the overall performance and socioeconomic benefits of power transmission lines throughout their life cycle.

[0064] See also Figure 2 , for example, traditional technical solutions have the following technical problems: In the current transmission line modeling and optimization process, each link is relatively independent and lacks systematic integration, resulting in poor data transmission, low work efficiency, and difficulty in achieving efficient topology optimization. The data compatibility between different software or tools is poor, information sharing is difficult, and a complete solution cannot be formed. Based on this, this embodiment provides a BIM-integrated transmission line topology optimization system, which is applied to any of the above-mentioned BIM-integrated transmission line three-dimensional parametric modeling methods, including: The data acquisition and preprocessing module is used to obtain basic data related to the transmission line and preprocess the basic data. The basic data includes line path planning data, tower design parameters, conductor and lightning conductor specifications, geographic information data, and meteorological data. The preprocessing content includes data verification, consistency check, standardization, coordinate system conversion, and grid processing; The BIM modeling module, based on the BIM platform, creates a basic model framework for transmission lines, establishes a parametric driving mechanism, performs parametric modeling of conductors and lightning conductors, and adapts the transmission line model to the terrain using geographic information data. The dynamic simulation analysis module introduces meteorological data and uses mechanical analysis algorithms to perform dynamic simulation analysis on the transmission line model. It dynamically modifies the model based on the mechanical response of the conductors and lightning rods under different meteorological conditions. Topology optimization module, which uses the optimization objective function to optimize the topology of the transmission line and achieves the optimal design of the topology of the transmission line by adjusting the weight coefficient; The result display and output module displays the modeling results, dynamic simulation analysis results, and topology optimization results in a visual manner, and outputs relevant reports and data.

[0065] It is worth mentioning that this embodiment proposes a BIM-integrated transmission line topology optimization system, comprising five modules: data acquisition and preprocessing, BIM modeling, dynamic simulation analysis, topology optimization, and results presentation and output. The data acquisition and preprocessing module acquires and processes basic data; the BIM modeling module constructs the line model and performs terrain adaptation; the dynamic simulation analysis module simulates the mechanical response of the line based on meteorological data; the topology optimization module optimizes the topology structure using an optimization objective function; and the results presentation and output module visualizes the results and outputs report data. These modules work together to implement the entire process of transmission line modeling and optimization.

[0066] The technical benefits of the above-described embodiment include: This system integrates all key aspects of transmission line modeling and optimization, enabling seamless data transfer and sharing. The collaborative work between modules streamlines the entire process, avoiding duplicate data processing and information inconsistencies. Visual display and report output allow engineers to intuitively understand modeling and optimization results, improving the scientific nature and accuracy of decision-making. The application of this system can significantly improve the efficiency and quality of transmission line design and optimization, while reducing project costs and risks.

[0067] Traditional solutions present the following technical challenges: during the construction and operation of transmission lines, basic data is constantly changing, such as terrain changes due to construction and weather conditions fluctuate over time. If the data in the system cannot be updated promptly, the modeling and optimization results based on this data will lose accuracy and practicality, failing to provide reliable support for engineering decision-making. To address this, the data acquisition and preprocessing module also includes a data update and maintenance unit, which is used to obtain the latest basic data in real time and to update and maintain existing basic data, ensuring the accuracy and timeliness of the data in the system.

[0068] It is worth mentioning that this embodiment expands the functionality of the data acquisition and preprocessing module by adding a data update and maintenance function. This function can obtain the latest basic data in real time, such as route planning changes and new meteorological observation data, and update and maintain existing basic data to ensure that the data in the system remains accurate and timely.

[0069] The technical effects of the above-described embodiment include: the data update and maintenance function ensures the real-time and accuracy of basic data in the system. This enables the transmission line model and optimization results to promptly reflect changes in actual conditions, improving the reliability of the model and the applicability of the optimization scheme. During the construction process, the design scheme can be adjusted promptly based on the latest data, avoiding design errors caused by data lags. During the operation and maintenance phase, it helps to accurately assess the line status, promptly identify and resolve potential problems, and ensure the safe and stable operation of the transmission line.

[0070] The traditional technical solution has the following technical problems: in the traditional power transmission line modeling and optimization system, each functional module often runs independently, data can only be transmitted in one direction, and the calculation results of other modules cannot be fully utilized for collaborative optimization. The BIM modeling results cannot be applied to dynamic simulation analysis and topology optimization in a timely manner; the feedback of dynamic simulation and topology optimization also cannot be applied to model correction, resulting in poor overall optimization effect of the system. Based on this, the BIM modeling module, the dynamic simulation analysis module and the topology optimization module realize data interaction and sharing, and can adjust and optimize the power transmission line model in real time according to the calculation results of different modules.

[0071] It is worth mentioning that: in the embodiment, the BIM modeling module, the dynamic simulation analysis module and the topology optimization module realize data interaction and sharing. Each module can adjust and optimize the power transmission line model in real time according to the calculation results of other modules, realize the bidirectional flow and collaborative processing of data, break the data barrier between modules, and improve the overall operation efficiency and optimization effect of the system.

[0072] The technical effects of the above embodiment include: through the data interaction and sharing between the modules, the dynamic optimization and iterative improvement of the power transmission line model are realized. The results of the BIM modeling module can provide an accurate model basis for dynamic simulation analysis and topology optimization; the results of dynamic simulation analysis and topology optimization can also be fed back to the BIM modeling module to correct and improve the model. This collaborative working mechanism improves the overall operation efficiency of the system, makes the optimization results more accurate and reasonable, can better meet the actual needs of power transmission line design and operation, and improves the performance and application value of the entire system.

[0073] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the form of the present application. Any person skilled in the art can use the disclosed technical content to make changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments applied to other fields, but any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made according to the technical essence of the present application to the above embodiments without departing from the technical solution content of the present application still belongs to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional parametric modeling method for power transmission lines integrated with BIM, characterized in that: include: Obtaining basic data of the transmission line, including line path planning data, tower design parameters, conductor and lightning conductor specification parameters, geographic information data, and meteorological data; Create a basic model framework for the transmission line based on the BIM platform, import the line path planning data into the BIM platform, determine the overall direction of the transmission line, and arrange the tower models along the path based on the tower design parameters; Conduct parametric modeling of conductors and lightning conductors. Based on their specifications and parameters, determine their material, diameter, and unit length mass properties through parametric settings on the BIM platform. Using the BIM platform's modeling tools, starting from the tower hanging point, and based on mechanical principles and geometric relationships, construct an initial model of the conductors and lightning conductors. Combined with geographic information data, the transmission line model is adapted to the terrain, and the geographic information data is converted into a terrain model that can be recognized by the BIM platform. Through model fusion technology, the transmission line model and the terrain model are accurately matched; Meteorological data is introduced to conduct dynamic simulation analysis of the transmission line model. Mechanical analysis algorithms are used to simulate the mechanical responses of conductors and lightning conductors under different meteorological conditions. The simulation results are fed back to the BIM model in real time to dynamically correct the model.

2. The BIM-integrated three-dimensional parametric modeling method for power transmission lines according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step of obtaining basic data related to the power transmission line further includes preprocessing the basic data, and the preprocessing of the basic data includes: Verify the integrity and accuracy of route planning data, check whether there are breakpoints, overlaps, and unreasonable turns on the route, and make corrections; Conduct consistency checks on tower design parameters to ensure that the tower's structural and electrical parameters match each other; Standardize the specifications of conductors and lightning protection wires, and unify the data format and units; Performing coordinate system conversion on geographic information data to make it consistent with the coordinate system of the BIM platform, and performing grid processing on the data; The meteorological data is screened and sorted, abnormal data is removed, and the data is classified and stored according to different meteorological elements.

3. The BIM-integrated three-dimensional parametric modeling method for power transmission lines according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step of creating a basic model framework of the transmission line based on the BIM platform also includes establishing a parameterized driving mechanism of the transmission line model in the BIM platform, including: For the tower model: define the key parameters of the tower, including tower height, nominal height, cross arm length and tower root opening, establish the association between the key parameters of the tower and the geometric shape of the tower model, and change the values ​​of the key parameters; For the conductor and lightning conductor model: define the tension, sag and stress parameters of the conductor and lightning conductor, and establish a mathematical model of these parameters and the spatial position and shape of the conductor and lightning conductor model. When the parameters change, the conductor and lightning conductor model can automatically adjust its spatial position and shape according to the mathematical model.

4. The BIM-integrated three-dimensional parametric modeling method for power transmission lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of adapting the transmission line model to the terrain by combining the geographic information data with the terrain matching algorithm includes: Match the terrain elevation points in the geographic information data with the terrain model grid points in the BIM platform, and determine the terrain undulation by calculating the distance and height difference between the elevation points and the grid points; Adjust the tower height in the transmission line model based on the undulations of the terrain to ensure that the safe distance between the conductor and the ground meets the design specifications. When encountering areas with higher terrain, increase the tower height; when encountering areas with lower terrain, reduce the tower height. The conductor and lightning conductor models are adjusted so that they can span the undulating terrain. The optimal suspension point positions and sag shapes of the conductor and lightning conductor under different terrain conditions are calculated through an optimization algorithm.

5. The BIM-integrated three-dimensional parametric modeling method for power transmission lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of introducing meteorological data to dynamically simulate and analyze the transmission line model includes: multi-physics field coupling effect is used to calculate the tension of the conductor and the lightning protection line through mechanical analysis formula. Perform the calculation: ； in, Length along the conductor and lightning protection line The comprehensive load distribution function per unit length in the direction takes into account the stress factors of self-weight, ice weight, wind load, and thermal expansion and contraction caused by temperature changes; The spacing between the conductor and the lightning conductor; is the average sag within the span; The average angle between the conductor and the lightning rod within the span and the horizontal direction; It is the initial tension of the conductor and lightning conductor in the state of no wind, no ice and no temperature change; is the multi-physics field coupling coefficient, which is determined according to meteorological conditions and the material properties of the conductor and lightning rod; is the Laplace operator of the additional force generated by the coupling of electric and magnetic fields.

6. The BIM-integrated three-dimensional parametric modeling method for power transmission lines according to claim 5 is characterized in that: Also includes comprehensive load distribution functions , the comprehensive load distribution function Used to distribute the comprehensive load per unit length of conductors and lightning conductors when considering the influence of icing After correction, the comprehensive load distribution function include: ； in, is the density of ice; is the acceleration due to gravity; is the diameter of the conductor and lightning conductor; Length along the conductor and lightning protection line Ice thickness distribution function in the direction; It is the influence coefficient of ice thickness change, reflecting the influence of ice thickness change along the length direction of conductor and lightning protection line on load.

7. The BIM-integrated three-dimensional parametric modeling method for power transmission lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a quantum particle swarm optimization algorithm for topology optimization, which includes: ； ； ； ； in, 、 、 is the weight coefficient, and ; The construction cost of the transmission line, including The cost of the material and dosage The sum of the products of The cost of each construction stage ; is the reliability index of the transmission line, For the The probability of occurrence of a failure type, For the The power outage duration caused by each fault type; To measure the impact of transmission lines on the environment, we conducted Internal ecological environment influencing factors Calculated by integration.

8. A topology optimization system, applied to the BIM-integrated three-dimensional parametric modeling method for power transmission lines according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: The data acquisition and preprocessing module is used to obtain basic data related to the transmission line and preprocess the basic data. The basic data includes line path planning data, tower design parameters, conductor and lightning conductor specifications, geographic information data, and meteorological data. The preprocessing content includes data verification, consistency check, standardization, coordinate system conversion, and grid processing; The BIM modeling module, based on the BIM platform, creates a basic model framework for transmission lines, establishes a parametric driving mechanism, performs parametric modeling of conductors and lightning conductors, and adapts the transmission line model to the terrain using geographic information data. The dynamic simulation analysis module introduces meteorological data and uses mechanical analysis algorithms to perform dynamic simulation analysis on the transmission line model. It dynamically modifies the model based on the mechanical response of the conductors and lightning rods under different meteorological conditions. Topology optimization module, which uses the optimization objective function to optimize the topology of the transmission line and achieves the optimal design of the topology of the transmission line by adjusting the weight coefficient; The result display and output module displays the modeling results, dynamic simulation analysis results, and topology optimization results in a visual manner, and outputs relevant reports and data.

9. The topology optimization system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The data acquisition and preprocessing module also includes a data updating and maintenance unit, which is used to obtain the latest basic data in real time and update and maintain the existing basic data to ensure the accuracy and timeliness of the data in the system.

10. The topology optimization system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The BIM modeling module, dynamic simulation analysis module and topology optimization module realize data interaction and sharing, and can adjust and optimize the transmission line model in real time according to the calculation results of different modules.

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