Aluminum alloy cable

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of cables, in particular to an aluminum alloy cable which is composed of an aluminum alloy conductor, an inner insulating layer, a fireproof wrapping tape layer and an outer sheath. The outer sheath is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 to 60 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 20 to 30 parts of linear low density polyethylene, 10 to 20 parts of polyolefin elastomer, 5 to 10 parts of PPO-g-MAH, 20 to 30 parts of carbon black, 1 to 10 parts of organic phosphorus flame retardant, 20 to 30 parts of crusting agent and 1 to 3 parts of antioxidant; the aluminum alloy cable provided by the invention is light in weight, high in strength and excellent in fireproof and flame-retardant performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cables, in particular to an aluminum alloy cable. Background Art

[0002] Power cables play an indispensable role in power transmission, information transfer, and electrical and electronic equipment. They are the "blood vessels" and "nerves" of my country's national economy. With the rapid development of my country's economy, the demand for electricity has increased year by year, and the demand for power cables has also continued to rise. Copper, as an excellent conductor material, is widely used in wire and cable due to its advantages such as high current carrying capacity, strong corrosion resistance, high strength, good thermal stability, and high machinability. However, it is relatively expensive. Aluminum conductors have electrical conductivity similar to copper conductors, but aluminum has disadvantages such as a low melting point, relatively soft material, and poor mechanical strength, which makes aluminum core cables less reliable. Furthermore, aluminum alloy cables still have shortcomings in fire resistance and mechanical strength. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention: In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes an aluminum alloy cable.

[0004] The technical solutions adopted are as follows: An aluminum alloy cable, consisting of an aluminum alloy conductor, an inner insulation layer, a fireproof tape layer and an outer sheath; The outer sheath is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 20-30 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 10-20 parts of polyolefin elastomer, 5-10 parts of PPO-g-MAH, 20-30 parts of carbon black, 1-10 parts of organophosphorus flame retardant, 20-30 parts of encrusting agent, and 1-3 parts of antioxidant; The crusting agent is POSS intercalated layered sodium silicate.

[0005] Furthermore, the preparation method of the POSS intercalated layered sodium silicate is as follows: Disperse layered sodium silicate in anhydrous ethanol, add hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, and after ultrasonic treatment, dissolve POSS in dichloromethane and add it. Heat to reflux for 1-10 hours, then return to room temperature, collect the precipitate, wash and dry it.

[0006] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the layered sodium silicate to POSS is 1:0.1-1.

[0007] Furthermore, the POSS is octaamino POSS.

[0008] Furthermore, the organophosphorus flame retardant is obtained by reacting DOPO and vinyltriethoxysilane.

[0009] Furthermore, the preparation method of the organophosphorus flame retardant is as follows: Under nitrogen protection, DOPO and vinyltriethoxysilane are mixed and reacted at 75-85°C for 5-10 hours, then cooled to room temperature. The obtained product is washed with ethanol aqueous solution and dried to obtain an intermediate. The intermediate and sodium dodecyl sulfate are added to deionized water, and tetramethylammonium hydroxide aqueous solution is added with stirring. The mixture is reacted at 85-95°C for 5-10 hours. After the reaction is completed, the product is collected, washed with ethanol aqueous solution, and dried.

[0010] Furthermore, the antioxidant is antioxidant 1010 and / or antioxidant 168.

[0011] Furthermore, the aluminum alloy conductor is formed by concentrically twisting 8030 aluminum alloy wires in an arrangement of 1+5+9 (i.e., 1 single wire in the center, 5 wires in the second layer, and 9 wires in the third layer).

[0012] Furthermore, the inner insulation layer is an XLPE insulation layer.

[0013] Furthermore, the fireproof tape layer includes a PET film layer and a mica tape wrapping layer.

[0014] It has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides an aluminum alloy cable. 8030 aluminum alloy has low density, higher tensile strength and yield strength than soft electrical aluminum, and an elongation of up to 30%. After being concentrically stranded in a 1+5+9 arrangement, it has greater conductor cross-sectional utilization and fracture resistance, and higher operational reliability. PET film has excellent electrical insulation properties and can effectively isolate conductors from the external environment, prevent current leakage, ensure the safety of power transmission, and reduce damage to conductors caused by external mechanical stress; Mica tape is based on mica paper and has properties such as high temperature resistance, heat insulation and flame retardancy. When burning, the mica tape can form a carbonized layer to isolate the flame from the internal conductor and delay cable failure. The outer sheath ensures the long-term stable operation of the aluminum alloy cable through a multi-layered protection mechanism that includes mechanical strength, environmental isolation, and safety and flame retardancy. PPO-g-MAH can promote interfacial bonding between different components through chemical bonds or physical effects, reducing the size of the dispersed phase and improving uniformity. The benzene ring structure it contains can also enhance the mechanical properties of the outer sheath and promote the formation of a char layer during combustion. When combustion occurs, the silica generated by the decomposition of POSS reacts with the layered sodium silicate to form a glassy silicate shell, which covers the surface of the cable, isolates oxygen and heat transfer, inhibits the release of combustible gases, and has a fire-retardant effect. The phosphorus atoms in the DOPO molecules decompose at high temperatures to generate phosphorus-containing free radicals. These free radicals can capture the active free radicals generated during the combustion process, interrupt the combustion chain reaction, and thus inhibit the spread of flames. The organophosphorus flame retardant obtained by reacting with vinyltriethoxysilane not only has improved dispersibility in the resin matrix, but the siloxane structure generated by the hydrolysis of vinyltriethoxysilane is converted into silica at high temperature, which can further react with the layered sodium silicate to form a glassy silicate shell, which has a fire-retardant effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the aluminum alloy cable in Example 1, where the reference numerals represent: 1-Aluminum alloy conductor, 2-XLPE inner insulation layer, 3-PET film layer, 4-Mica tape wrapping layer, 5-Outer sheath. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] Unless otherwise specified, the following examples and comparative examples were conducted in parallel, using the same processing steps and parameters.

[0017] Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer: melt index 800g / min, density 0.94g / cm 3 , Taiwan, China; Linear low-density polyethylene: melt index 3.6g / 10min, density 0.924g / cm 3 , SABIC; Polyolefin elastomer: melt index 9g / 10min, density 1.41g / cm 3 , LG Chem; PPO-g-MAH: Shengli New Materials; Carbon black: N330, Zhongbei Chemical; Organophosphorus flame retardant: homemade; Encrusting agent: homemade; Antioxidant 1010: BASF.

[0018] Example 1: An aluminum alloy cable, comprising an aluminum alloy conductor 1, an XLPE inner insulation layer 2, a PET film layer 3, a mica tape wrapping layer 4 and an outer sheath 5; The aluminum alloy conductor 1 is formed by concentrically stranding 8030 aluminum alloy wires in a 1+5+9 arrangement; The outer sheath 5 is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 25 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 15 parts of polyolefin elastomer, 6 parts of PPO-g-MAH, 25 parts of carbon black, 5 parts of organophosphorus flame retardant, 25 parts of encrusting agent, 1 part of antioxidant 1010; The crusting agent is POSS intercalated layered sodium silicate, and the preparation method of the crusting agent is as follows: Disperse 10 g of layered sodium silicate in 100 ml of anhydrous ethanol, add 1 g of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, and ultrasonicate for 60 min. Then, dissolve 1 g of octaamino POSS in 20 ml of dichloromethane and add dropwise. Heat to reflux for 10 h, then return to room temperature. Collect the precipitate by filtration, wash with anhydrous ethanol, and dry in vacuo. The organophosphorus flame retardant is obtained by reacting DOPO and vinyltriethoxysilane. The preparation method of the organophosphorus flame retardant is as follows: Under nitrogen protection, 21.6g of DOPO and 19g of vinyltriethoxysilane were mixed and reacted at 80°C for 10h, then cooled to room temperature. The obtained product was washed with 75% ethanol aqueous solution and vacuum dried to obtain an intermediate. 20g of the intermediate and 2g of sodium dodecyl sulfate were added to 250ml of deionized water, and 10ml of 25% tetramethylammonium hydroxide aqueous solution was added with stirring. The mixture was stirred and reacted at 90°C for 10h. After the reaction, the precipitate was collected by filtration, washed with 75% ethanol aqueous solution, and vacuum dried.

[0019] The preparation method of the outer sheath 5 is as follows: Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, linear low-density polyethylene, polyolefin elastomer, PPO-g-MAH, carbon black, organophosphorus flame retardant, crusting agent and antioxidant 1010 are added to an internal mixer, the rotor speed of the internal mixer is set to 20 r / min, the internal mixing temperature is 130°C, and the internal mixing rubber compound is obtained after the internal mixing is completed. The internal mixing rubber compound is added to a twin-screw extruder, the extrusion temperature is 160-170°C, and the composite pellets are obtained after pelletizing and cooling and drying. The composite pellets are first heated without pressure for 5 minutes in a flat plate vulcanizer at a temperature of 180°C, then kept warm and pressurized to 15 MPa, kept warm and pressurized for another 5 minutes, and then cooled to room temperature.

[0020] Example 2: An aluminum alloy cable, comprising an aluminum alloy conductor 1, an XLPE inner insulation layer 2, a PET film layer 3, a mica tape wrapping layer 4 and an outer sheath 5; The aluminum alloy conductor 1 is formed by concentrically stranding 8030 aluminum alloy wires in a 1+5+9 arrangement; The outer sheath 5 is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 30 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 20 parts of polyolefin elastomer, 10 parts of PPO-g-MAH, 30 parts of carbon black, 5 parts of organophosphorus flame retardant, 25 parts of encrusting agent, 1 part of antioxidant 1010; The crusting agent is POSS intercalated layered sodium silicate, and the organophosphorus flame retardant is obtained by reacting DOPO and vinyltriethoxysilane. The preparation methods of the crusting agent and the organophosphorus flame retardant are the same as those in Example 1.

[0021] The preparation method of the outer sheath 5 is as follows: Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, linear low-density polyethylene, polyolefin elastomer, PPO-g-MAH, carbon black, organophosphorus flame retardant, crusting agent and antioxidant 1010 are added to an internal mixer, the rotor speed of the internal mixer is set to 20 r / min, the internal mixing temperature is 130°C, and the internal mixing rubber compound is obtained after the internal mixing is completed. The internal mixing rubber compound is added to a twin-screw extruder, the extrusion temperature is 160-170°C, and the composite pellets are obtained after pelletizing and cooling and drying. The composite pellets are first heated without pressure for 5 minutes in a flat plate vulcanizer at a temperature of 180°C, then kept warm and pressurized to 15 MPa, kept warm and pressurized for another 5 minutes, and then cooled to room temperature.

[0022] Example 3: An aluminum alloy cable, comprising an aluminum alloy conductor 1, an XLPE inner insulation layer 2, a PET film layer 3, a mica tape wrapping layer 4 and an outer sheath 5; The aluminum alloy conductor 1 is formed by concentrically stranding 8030 aluminum alloy wires in a 1+5+9 arrangement; The outer sheath 5 is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 20 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 10 parts of polyolefin elastomer, 5 parts of PPO-g-MAH, 20 parts of carbon black, 5 parts of organophosphorus flame retardant, 25 parts of encrusting agent, 1 part of antioxidant 1010; The crusting agent is POSS intercalated layered sodium silicate, and the organophosphorus flame retardant is obtained by reacting DOPO and vinyltriethoxysilane. The preparation methods of the crusting agent and the organophosphorus flame retardant are the same as those in Example 1.

[0023] The preparation method of the outer sheath 5 is as follows: Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, linear low-density polyethylene, polyolefin elastomer, PPO-g-MAH, carbon black, organophosphorus flame retardant, crusting agent and antioxidant 1010 are added to an internal mixer, the rotor speed of the internal mixer is set to 20 r / min, the internal mixing temperature is 130°C, and the internal mixing rubber compound is obtained after the internal mixing is completed. The internal mixing rubber compound is added to a twin-screw extruder, the extrusion temperature is 160-170°C, and the composite pellets are obtained after pelletizing and cooling and drying. The composite pellets are first heated without pressure for 5 minutes in a flat plate vulcanizer at a temperature of 180°C, then kept warm and pressurized to 15 MPa, kept warm and pressurized for another 5 minutes, and then cooled to room temperature.

[0024] Example 4: An aluminum alloy cable, comprising an aluminum alloy conductor 1, an XLPE inner insulation layer 2, a PET film layer 3, a mica tape wrapping layer 4 and an outer sheath 5; The aluminum alloy conductor 1 is formed by concentrically stranding 8030 aluminum alloy wires in a 1+5+9 arrangement; The outer sheath 5 is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 20 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 20 parts of polyolefin elastomer, 5 parts of PPO-g-MAH, 30 parts of carbon black, 5 parts of organophosphorus flame retardant, 25 parts of encrusting agent, 1 part of antioxidant 1010; The crusting agent is POSS intercalated layered sodium silicate, and the organophosphorus flame retardant is obtained by reacting DOPO and vinyltriethoxysilane. The preparation methods of the crusting agent and the organophosphorus flame retardant are the same as those in Example 1.

[0025] The preparation method of the outer sheath 5 is as follows: Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, linear low-density polyethylene, polyolefin elastomer, PPO-g-MAH, carbon black, organophosphorus flame retardant, crusting agent and antioxidant 1010 are added to an internal mixer, the rotor speed of the internal mixer is set to 20 r / min, the internal mixing temperature is 130°C, and the internal mixing rubber compound is obtained after the internal mixing is completed. The internal mixing rubber compound is added to a twin-screw extruder, the extrusion temperature is 160-170°C, and the composite pellets are obtained after pelletizing and cooling and drying. The composite pellets are first heated without pressure for 5 minutes in a flat plate vulcanizer at a temperature of 180°C, then kept warm and pressurized to 15 MPa, kept warm and pressurized for another 5 minutes, and then cooled to room temperature.

[0026] Comparative Example 1: The process is basically the same as Example 1, except that PPO-g-MAH is not added.

[0027] Comparative Example 2: The process is basically the same as Example 1, except that no crusting agent is added.

[0028] Comparative Example 3: The method is basically the same as Example 1, except that no organophosphorus flame retardant is added.

[0029] Comparative Example 4: The method is basically the same as Example 1, except that DOPO is used instead of the organophosphorus flame retardant.

[0030] Performance testing: The outer sheath materials in Examples 1-4 of the present invention and Comparative Examples 1-4 were made into samples for performance testing.

[0031] The tensile strength is tested in accordance with the provisions of GB / T 1040.3-2006 “Plastics - Determination of tensile properties - Part 3: Test conditions for films and sheets”, with the specimen being Type 5 and the tensile rate being 100 mm / min.

[0032] Limiting oxygen index (LOI) test: tested on an oxygen index tester according to ASTM D2863-77 standard, with the sample size of 100mm×6.5mm×3mm.

[0033] The cone calorimetry test was carried out in accordance with GB / T 16172-2007 Test method for heat release rate of building materials. The sample size was 85 mm × 85 mm × 3 mm, and the radiation heat flux was 50 kW / m 2 , determine the total heat release (THR), maximum heat release rate (HRR max ) and average heat release rate (HRR average ).

[0034] The test results are shown in Table 1 below: Table 1:

[0035] As can be seen from Table 1 above, the outer sheath of the present invention has good mechanical properties and excellent fire retardant properties; By comparing Example 1 with Comparative Example 1, it can be seen that the addition of PPO-g-MAH has a positive effect on the mechanical properties and fire retardant properties of the outer sheath; By comparing Example 1 with Comparative Example 2, it can be seen that the addition of the crusting agent has a positive effect on the mechanical properties and fire retardant properties of the outer sheath; By comparing Example 1 with Comparative Examples 3-4, it can be seen that the organophosphorus flame retardant of the present invention has a greater improvement in the fire retardant performance of the outer sheath than DOPO.

[0036] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An aluminum alloy cable, characterized in that: It consists of aluminum alloy conductor, inner insulation layer, fireproof tape layer and outer sheath; The outer sheath is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 20-30 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 10-20 parts of polyolefin elastomer, 5-10 parts of PPO-g-MAH, 20-30 parts of carbon black, 1-10 parts of organophosphorus flame retardant, 20-30 parts of encrusting agent, and 1-3 parts of antioxidant; The crusting agent is POSS intercalated layered sodium silicate.

2. The aluminum alloy cable according to claim 1, characterized in that The preparation method of described POSS intercalation layered sodium silicate is as follows: Disperse layered sodium silicate in anhydrous ethanol, add hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, and after ultrasonic treatment, dissolve POSS in dichloromethane and add it. Heat to reflux for 1-10 hours, then return to room temperature, collect the precipitate, wash and dry it.

3. The aluminum alloy cable according to claim 2, characterized in that The mass ratio of the layered sodium silicate to POSS is 1:0.1-1.

4. The aluminum alloy cable according to claim 3, characterized in that The POSS is octaamino POSS.

5. The aluminum alloy cable according to claim 1, wherein: The organic phosphorus flame retardant is obtained by reacting DOPO and vinyltriethoxysilane.

6. The aluminum alloy cable according to claim 5, characterized in that The preparation method of the organophosphorus flame retardant is as follows: Under nitrogen protection, DOPO and vinyltriethoxysilane are mixed and reacted at 75-85°C for 5-10 hours, then cooled to room temperature. The obtained product is washed with ethanol aqueous solution and dried to obtain an intermediate. The intermediate and sodium dodecyl sulfate are added to deionized water, and tetramethylammonium hydroxide aqueous solution is added with stirring. The mixture is reacted at 85-95°C for 5-10 hours. After the reaction is completed, the product is collected, washed with ethanol aqueous solution, and dried.

7. The aluminum alloy cable according to claim 1, characterized in that The antioxidant is antioxidant 1010 and / or antioxidant 168.

8. The aluminum alloy cable according to claim 1, wherein: The aluminum alloy conductor is formed by concentrically twisting 8030 aluminum alloy wires in a 1+5+9 arrangement.

9. The aluminum alloy cable according to claim 1, wherein: The inner insulating layer is an XLPE insulating layer.

10. The aluminum alloy cable according to claim 1, wherein The fireproof tape layer comprises a PET film layer and a mica tape wrapping layer.

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