Electromagnetic permanent magnet hybrid quasi-zero stiffness energy feedback vibration isolator

Abstract

The invention discloses an electromagnetic permanent magnet hybrid quasi-zero stiffness energy feedback vibration isolator which comprises a bearing support, positive stiffness spring mechanisms, an electromagnetic negative stiffness mechanism and a pre-pressing spring mechanism, the multiple positive stiffness spring mechanisms are arranged on the outer ring in the bearing support, and the electromagnetic negative stiffness mechanism is arranged in the bearing support. According to the quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolator, the quasi-zero stiffness characteristic is achieved through parallel connection of negative stiffness permanent magnetic force and positive stiffness spring force, dynamic adjustment of the stiffness is achieved through electromagnetic force so that the vibration isolation system can reach the quasi-zero stiffness more accurately, and therefore the vibration isolation effect of the vibration isolator is improved. And meanwhile, an energy feedback coil is additionally arranged in the vibration isolator, and energy generated in the vibration process is converted into electric energy to be recycled, stored and utilized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of vibration isolation technology, in particular to an electromagnetic permanent magnet hybrid quasi-zero stiffness energy-harvesting vibration isolator. BACKGROUND

[0002] Vibration widely exists in many engineering and technical fields, such as rail transportation, vehicle engineering, aerospace, precision instruments, mechanical manufacturing, etc. And most of the vibrations are harmful, which will interfere with the normal work of the equipment, so effective vibration isolation technology must be sought to reduce the harm caused by harmful vibration. Because the traditional vibration isolator cannot balance high carrying capacity and low natural frequency, many scholars have begun to pay attention to the quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolator with high static and low dynamic characteristics.

[0003] The output characteristic parameters (stiffness, damping) of the traditional passive vibration isolation system cannot be adjusted according to the actual working conditions, which has certain limitations in engineering practice. And the passive vibration isolation device can only effectively weaken the mechanical vibration greater than the resonance frequency, and does not have vibration isolation effect for low-frequency vibration. The quasi-zero stiffness characteristic of the quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolator is generally realized by parallel connection of positive and negative stiffness mechanisms. The force generated by the negative stiffness mechanism is opposite to the restoring force of the positive stiffness mechanism, so that the vibration isolation system has quasi-zero stiffness characteristics and better vibration isolation performance. The positive stiffness mechanism in the quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolator is generally a spring, and the negative stiffness mechanism commonly has an inclined spring, a geometric nonlinear structure and a magnetic structure, etc. The quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolator with negative stiffness spring has difficulty in adjusting stiffness, and adjusting stiffness requires complex spring structure design and increasing the number of inclined springs. The vibration isolator without spring in the structure has very low overall carrying capacity, and if high carrying capacity is to be achieved, a large volume and a large current are needed to generate sufficient electromagnetic force. The vibration isolator with horizontal air gap of magnet has large vertical stiffness, and the vibration isolation effect of the vibration isolation system is limited when bearing vertical vibration. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the structure of the existing quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolator. At the same time, the energy harvesting technology also provides a new power supply form for our production and life. The energy harvesting technology can convert the energy generated by light, heat, vibration and other phenomena in the environment into electrical energy through energy conversion principle for storage and effective utilization. A lot of energy is generated during vibration, but this energy is often not utilized, so it has certain sustainable development significance to apply energy recovery technology to the vibration isolation system.

[0004] Therefore, the prior art still needs to be improved and improved. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide an electromagnetic permanent magnet hybrid quasi-zero stiffness energy feeding vibration isolator, aiming to solve the problem that the vibration isolator in the prior art does not have a spring, resulting in low bearing capacity, and the magnet is a horizontal air gap, the vertical stiffness of the horizontal air gap is large, and the isolation effect of the isolation system is limited when bearing vertical vibration.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions: An electromagnetic permanent magnet hybrid quasi-zero stiffness energy feeding vibration isolator, comprising a load bearing support, a positive stiffness spring mechanism, an electromagnetic negative stiffness mechanism and a pre-pressing spring mechanism, a plurality of positive stiffness spring mechanisms are arranged in the inner ring of the load bearing support, the electromagnetic negative stiffness mechanism is arranged in the inner part of the load bearing support, and the pre-pressing spring mechanism is arranged at the top end of the load bearing support.

[0007] Further, the load bearing support comprises a vibration isolator bottom plate, a load bearing plate and a guide rod, a plurality of guide rod grooves are formed in the vibration isolator bottom plate, one end of the guide rod is arranged in the guide rod groove, the other end extends upward through the load bearing plate, and the positive stiffness spring mechanism is sleeved on the guide rod.

[0008] The electromagnetic permanent magnet hybrid quasi-zero stiffness energy feeding vibration isolator can be mainly divided into upper, middle and lower parts. The upper part is mainly a load bearing platform part with the load bearing plate as the main part, the middle part is the core part of the electromagnetic permanent magnet hybrid quasi-zero stiffness energy feeding vibration isolator, namely the magnetic negative stiffness mechanism part, and the lower part is mainly composed of the bottom plate and the positive stiffness spring mechanism, and the lower part directly contacts the vibration source. The load bearing plate has a coil hole, the upper part is provided with three pre-pressing springs and three nuts for compressing the pre-pressing springs. The pre-pressing spring can adjust the positive stiffness spring force by adjusting the compression amount of the pre-pressing spring, so as to make the middle magnetic structure as much as possible to be located at the position where the magnetic force is zero, thereby widening the quasi-zero stiffness interval. The three pre-pressing springs are arranged around the guide rods, the upper and lower ends of the guide rods are threaded, the pre-pressing nuts are screwed with the guide rods, the three guide rods pass through the middle part and are fixed on the bottom plate through threaded connection, the three guide rods are guided by the three linear bearings respectively, and the three linear bearings are fixed on the load bearing plate through screws. The linear bearing is guided and matched with the guide rod, and at the same time, the linear bearing also positions the guide rod in the radial direction, so as to ensure the radial stability of the whole vibration isolator system.

[0009] Further, the positive stiffness spring mechanism is composed of a support positive stiffness spring and a linear bearing, the linear bearing is sleeved on the guide rod, and the outer ring of the linear bearing is clamped on the load bearing plate. One end of the support positive stiffness spring abuts against the upper end face of the guide rod groove, and the other end abuts against the lower end face of the inner ring of the linear bearing through the radial spring fixed rubber ring.

[0010] The lower end of the positive stiffness spring of the intermediate part of the vibration isolator is in contact with the upper end of the guide rod slot, the upper end of the guide rod slot is machined into a spring slot, the positive stiffness spring is sleeved around the guide rod without contact in the middle, the upper end of the positive stiffness spring is in contact with the lower end of the linear bearing, thereby achieving a supporting effect, the main function of the positive stiffness spring is to provide a supporting force and a positive stiffness force. The lower end part of the vibration isolator is mainly composed of a bottom plate and a guide rod slot, and plays a fixing and supporting role for the whole vibration isolator. The guide rod slot and the bottom plate are linked by screws.

[0011] Further, the electromagnetic negative stiffness mechanism comprises an inner ring ferromagnetic component, an outer ring electromagnetic component, and an outer cylindrical iron wall, the outer cylindrical iron wall is connected with the vibration isolator bottom plate through a lower end iron plate, the outer ring electromagnetic component is arranged in the outer cylindrical iron wall, the upper end of the outer ring electromagnetic component is connected with the load-bearing plate, and a gap is arranged between the lower end of the outer ring electromagnetic component and the lower end iron plate, the inner ring ferromagnetic component is arranged in the outer ring electromagnetic component and forms a vertical air gap with the outer ring electromagnetic component.

[0012] Further, the inner ring ferromagnetic component comprises an inner side upper end permanent magnet ring, an inner side upper end iron ring, an inner side middle permanent magnet ring, an inner side middle iron ring, an inner side lower end permanent magnet ring, an inner side lower end iron ring, and a middle fixed rod, the middle fixed rod is threadedly connected and fixed with the lower end magnetic conductive iron plate and the vibration isolator bottom plate, the upper end permanent magnet ring, the inner side upper end iron ring, the inner side middle permanent magnet ring, the inner side middle iron ring, the inner side lower end permanent magnet ring, and the inner side lower end iron ring are sequentially sleeved on the middle fixed rod from top to bottom, and the top of the middle fixed rod is fixed with a middle magnetic ring axial fixed check ring through a middle magnetic ring axial fixed check ring screw.

[0013] The intermediate part of the vibration isolator, i.e. the negative stiffness magnetic mechanism and the positive stiffness spring component, mainly comprises an inner ring magnetic ring iron ring component, an outer ring magnetic ring coil component, and an outermost cylindrical iron wall component and a lower end iron plate component. The inner ring magnetic ring component mainly comprises three permanent magnet rings and three iron rings, the permanent magnet rings mainly provide a stable magnetic field, and the magnetization direction from top to bottom is up-down-up, and the permanent magnet rings generate a permanent magnetic force with the outer ring magnetic ring, the iron rings serve to conduct magnetism and form a magnetic circuit so that the coil is in a magnetic field and thus plays a role. The inner ring magnetic ring iron ring is sleeved on the middle rod for positioning, and the middle fixed rod is not magnetically conductive, the lower end of the middle fixed rod is machined into a thread, and is threadedly connected and fixed with the lower end magnetic conductive iron plate and the bottom plate, the middle fixed rod of the lower side part of the bottom plate is fixed by a nut, the upper end of the middle rod is used to fix the middle magnetic ring and the iron ring by a screw and a check ring, and plays an axial fixing role. The lower end iron plate is in close contact with the lower end iron ring, and also serves to conduct magnetism, the lower side iron plate is connected with the bottom plate by screws, and also links the outermost cylindrical iron wall by screws, and is tightly connected, the outermost cylindrical iron wall also serves to conduct magnetism and form a magnetic circuit.

[0014] Further, the outer ring electromagnetic assembly comprises an outer coil holder, an outer upper permanent magnet ring, a control coil, a coil insulation ring, a power feeding coil and an outer lower permanent magnet ring, the upper end of the outer coil holder is connected to the bearing plate, a gap is formed between the lower end of the outer coil holder and the lower end plate, and the outer upper permanent magnet ring, the control coil, the coil insulation ring, the power feeding coil and the outer lower permanent magnet ring are sequentially sleeved on the middle part of the outer coil holder from top to bottom.

[0015] Further, the outer coil holder is composed of an outer coil holder upper end, an outer coil holder middle part and an outer coil holder lower end, the outer coil holder upper end is fixedly connected to the lower end of the bearing plate through a plurality of screws, the outer coil holder upper end and the outer coil holder middle part are fixedly connected through a plurality of screws, and the outer coil holder middle part and the outer coil holder lower end are fixedly connected through a plurality of screws.

[0016] The outer ring magnetic ring coil component of the vibration isolator middle part is mainly composed of two permanent magnet rings and two coils and a coil insulation ring, the magnetization directions of the two permanent magnet rings are both upward. The magnetic ring and the coil are sequentially sleeved on the outer ring holder, and the holder is made of non-magnetic material. The outer ring holder is divided into three parts, i.e. an upper part, a middle part and a lower part, which are linked by screws, and the uppermost end is linked to the upper bearing plate by screws, and all the screws are circumferentially distributed. The outermost cylindrical iron wall is coaxially installed with the middle fixed shaft and is screw-connected with the bottom plate. The coils are control coils and power feeding coils.

[0017] The permanent magnetic force of the magnetic mechanism is negative stiffness, which is mainly axial magnetic force, and is counteracted by the positive stiffness spring force generated by the positive stiffness spring, so as to realize the quasi-zero stiffness characteristic. The control coil is in the magnetic field, and according to the Lorentz force principle, the size and direction of the electromagnetic force are adjusted by adjusting the current, so as to counteract the external inertia force and compensate the nonlinear permanent magnetic force part that cannot be counteracted by the linear positive stiffness spring force, thereby realizing more accurate quasi-zero stiffness characteristic. The power feeding coil is in the magnetic field when the vibration is transmitted from the lower end of the vibration isolator, cuts the magnetic induction lines and generates induced electromotive force.

[0018] Further, the pre-pressing spring mechanism comprises a pre-pressing spring and a pre-pressing spring adjusting nut, the pre-pressing spring is sleeved on the guide rod and located at the upper end of the bearing plate, and the pre-pressing spring adjusting nut is screw-connected with the guide rod and abuts against the upper end of the pre-pressing spring.

[0019] The technical scheme adopted by the application has the following beneficial effects: The application takes an electromagnetic permanent magnetic hybrid structure as a negative stiffness mechanism, takes a positive stiffness spring as a positive stiffness mechanism, and has vertical air gaps between magnets, and the main support of the vibration isolator is derived from the positive stiffness spring at the lower end of the bearing plate, three guide rods guided by the linear bearing are arranged between the three positive stiffness springs; the magnetic negative stiffness mechanism mainly comprises an outermost iron wall and a lower iron plate, an outer magnetic ring assembled by a retainer and a coil are arranged on the outer side, the coil is an electromagnetic force control coil and a power feeding coil respectively, an inner permanent magnetic ring and an iron ring are arranged on the middle fixed rod on the inner side, the negative stiffness magnetic mechanism can be divided into three layers of inner, middle and outer, the three layers of annular structure are nested layer by layer, and the structure is compact, so the design is reasonable. The vibration isolator structure takes an electromagnetic permanent magnetic hybrid magnetic structure as a negative stiffness mechanism, is connected in parallel with a positive stiffness spring to realize quasi-zero stiffness characteristics, compared with a vibration isolator with a pure electromagnetic structure as a negative stiffness mechanism, a large current is not needed, compared with a vibration isolator with a pure permanent magnetic structure as a negative stiffness mechanism, the electromagnetic force can be adjusted by controlling the size of the current, so that the stiffness of the vibration isolator is adjustable, and the quasi-zero stiffness characteristics are more accurately realized, compared with a vibration isolator without a spring, the structure can realize a larger bearing capacity; meanwhile, the vibration isolator structure converts the energy generated by vibration into electric energy through the power feeding coil, can recycle and utilize the originally wasted vibration energy, has good sustainability significance, the structure is compact, easy to process, has strong practicality, and is high in reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the application; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom; Figure 1 Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the application; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inner side group of the vibration isolator; Figure 2 Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the application; Figure 4 Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the outermost iron wall and the inner magnetic ring iron ring of the vibration isolator; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the inner magnetic ring iron ring; Figure 6 Figure 8 is a force-displacement curve diagram of the overall electromagnetic permanent magnetic hybrid quasi-zero stiffness power feeding vibration isolator and the positive and negative stiffness parts of the application.

[0021] ​​​​The figure sequence description: 1 guide rod, 2 pre-press spring adjusting nut, 3 pre-press spring, 4 linear bearing, 5 bearing plate, 6 support positive stiffness spring, 7 guide rod groove, 8 vibration isolator bottom plate, 9 spring radial fixed rubber ring, 10 outer coil holder upper end, 11 outer coil holder middle part, 12 outer side upper permanent magnet ring, 13 control coil, 14 coil insulation ring, 15 energy feeding coil, 16 outer side lower permanent magnet ring, 17 outer coil holder lower end, 18 outer side cylindrical iron wall, 19 lower end iron plate, 20 middle magnetic ring axial fixed check ring screw, 21 middle magnetic ring axial fixed check ring, 22 inner side upper end permanent magnet ring, 23 inner side upper end iron ring, 24 inner side middle permanent magnet ring, 25 inner side middle iron ring, 26 inner side lower end permanent magnet ring, 27 inner side lower end iron ring, 28 middle fixed rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] According to Figures 1 to 7 The specific structure of the present application is described in detail. The electromagnetic permanent magnet hybrid quasi-zero stiffness energy feeding vibration isolator comprises a bearing plate 5 on which a load weight is placed, which is supported by three support springs 6 below the bearing plate, and three pre-press springs 3 are installed on the bearing plate. The pre-press springs are pre-pressurized by three compression pre-press spring nuts 2, which adjust the spring compression amount by screwing up and down to realize the adjustment of the pre-press force. Three linear bearings 4 are installed on the bearing plate 5, and the linear bearings 4 are guided and matched with the guide rod 1. The lower end of the guide rod 1 is threaded and fixed by screwing with the guide rod groove 7 and the bottom plate 8. The bottom plate 8 is in contact with the vibration source, and when the vibration source vibrates, it drives the bottom plate and the guide rod to realize the reciprocating motion of the vibration isolator in the axial single degree of freedom through the guiding cooperation with the linear bearing 4.

[0023] The bearing plate 5 is connected with the outer coil holder upper end 10 by a screw, and the outer coil holder upper end 10, the outer coil holder middle part 11 and the outer coil holder lower end 17 are sequentially connected and fixed by screws to form an outer coil holder whole. From top to bottom, they are coaxially matched in the order of: outer side upper permanent magnet ring 12 (magnetized upward), control coil 13, coil insulation ring 14, energy feeding coil 15, outer side lower permanent magnet ring 16 (magnetized upward), and are sequentially sleeved on the outer coil holder middle part 11 (as shown in Figure 4 、 5 The holder is made of non-magnetic material, and the coil insulation ring 14 insulates the energy feeding coil 15 from the control coil 13.

[0024] The intermediate fixed rod 28 is threadedly connected with the lower end iron plate 19, penetrates the lower end iron plate 19 and is boltedly connected with the vibration isolator bottom plate 8, the lower end nut of the vibration isolator bottom plate 8 fixes the intermediate rod 28, the outer side cylindrical iron wall 18 is coaxially matched with the intermediate fixed rod 28 and is screwedly connected and fixed with the lower end iron plate 19, and the outer side cylindrical iron wall 18 is screwedly linked and fixed with the vibration isolator bottom plate 8. From top to bottom, the inner side upper end permanent magnetic ring 22 (magnetized upward), the inner side upper end iron ring 23, the inner side intermediate permanent magnetic ring 24 (magnetized downward), the inner side intermediate iron ring 25, the inner side lower end permanent magnetic ring 26 (magnetized upward), and the inner side lower end iron ring 27 are coaxially matched in sequence, the annular upper and lower surfaces are closely contacted and matched, and the above-mentioned rings are fixed on the intermediate fixed rod 28 (as shown in Figure 3 、 Figure 7 ). The intermediate magnetic ring axial fixed check ring screw 20 and the intermediate magnetic ring axial fixed check ring 21 realize axial limiting of the intermediate magnetic ring iron ring and prevent axial movement of each ring (as shown in Figure 7 ).

[0025] The vibration source is in contact with the vibration isolator bottom plate 8, and when vibrating, the bottom plate moves up and down, at this time, the outer side cylindrical iron wall 18, the lower end iron plate 19, and the intermediate ring components move up and down reciprocally, so that the magnetic field moves up and down, the outer coil holder coil 11 and the energy feeding coil 15 and the like parts above it remain relatively static, and the energy feeding coil 15 is in the magnetic field that moves up and down, so that the energy feeding coil 15 generates an induced electromotive force, thereby realizing the recovery of vibration energy. The control coil 13 is also in the magnetic field, and by adjusting the current, the size and direction of the electromagnetic force are adjusted.

[0026] The magnetic rings sleeved on the intermediate fixed rod 28 and the upper and lower magnetic rings sleeved on the outer coil holder middle part 11 form a magnetic ring array as shown in Figure 3 . When the lower part of the vibration isolator moves upward due to disturbance of the vibration source, the upper and lower magnetic rings (referred to as outer magnetic rings) on the outer coil holder middle part 11 have a downward permanent magnetic force, and when moving downward, the outer magnetic rings have an upward permanent magnetic force. It can be understood that the outer magnetic rings are connected with the bearing plate 5 as a whole through the holder, so the force on the bearing plate 5 is the same as that on the outer magnetic rings. Correspondingly, when the lower part of the vibration isolator moves upward, the force on the bearing plate 5 is upward due to the force transmission of the supporting positive stiffness spring 6. As known from the above, at this time, the magnetic force on the bearing plate 5 is downward, and the spring force and the magnetic force are of the same size, so at this time, the resultant force tends to be zero, realizing quasi-zero stiffness. The same is true for the reverse direction movement (as shown in Figure 8 ). Due to the nonlinearity of the magnetic force, quasi-zero stiffness cannot be accurately realized only by the permanent magnetic force, so the electromagnetic force is controlled and adjusted to realize more accurate quasi-zero stiffness characteristics.

[0027] The following components: intermediate magnetic ring axial fixed check ring screw 20, intermediate magnetic ring axial fixed check ring 21, inner side upper end permanent magnet ring 22, inner side upper end iron ring 23, inner side intermediate permanent magnet ring 24, inner side intermediate iron ring 25, inner side lower end permanent magnet ring 26, inner side lower end iron ring 27, intermediate fixed rod 28, outer side cylindrical iron wall 18, lower end iron plate 19, vibration isolator bottom plate 8, guide rod 1, support positive stiffness spring 6, guide rod groove 7, are connected and matched to form the lower half of the vibration isolator (as shown in Figure 6 、 Figure 7 ).

[0028] The following components: pre-press spring adjusting nut 2, pre-press spring 3, load bearing plate 5, outer coil holder upper end 10, outer coil holder middle part 11, outer side upper permanent magnet ring 12, control coil 13, coil insulation ring 14, energy feeding coil 15, outer side lower permanent magnet ring 16, outer coil holder lower end 17, are connected and matched to form the upper half of the vibration isolator (as shown in Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 ).

[0029] In the present application, the method for realizing the quasi-zero stiffness characteristic is that the inner magnetic ring combination and the outer magnetic ring combination interact to generate a negative stiffness permanent magnetic force, and the positive stiffness spring provides a spring force with positive stiffness. When the lower half of the vibration isolator is excited by vibration of a vibration source and moves upward, the magnetic force acting on the outer magnetic ring moves downward. Since the outer magnetic ring is connected with the load bearing plate 5 through the outer holder, the permanent magnetic force acting on the load bearing plate 5 moves downward at this time, and the spring force acting on the load bearing plate 5 moves upward. Through stiffness matching design, the spring force is equal to the magnetic force, so the resultant force is zero. Conversely, the same reasoning applies.

[0030] In the present application, the method for realizing energy feeding is that when vibration is transmitted to the lower end of the vibration isolator, the magnetic field generates axial reciprocating motion, and the energy feeding coil 15 is in the magnetic field, cutting the magnetic induction lines to generate induced electromotive force, thereby realizing recycling of vibration energy.

[0031] The design goal of the electromagnetic permanent magnetic hybrid quasi-zero stiffness energy feeding vibration isolator is to realize that when the vibration source vibrates, the lower half of the vibration isolator moves, and the quasi-zero stiffness is realized through the structural design of the magnetic mechanism and the positive stiffness spring, so as to isolate the vibration, and the resultant force of the load bearing plate 5 always tends to zero when the load bearing plate 5 is subjected to vibration, i.e. static or reduces vibration interference. At the same time, when the lower half of the vibration isolator reciprocates up and down, the energy feeding coil 15 generates induced electromotive force to realize recycling of vibration energy. The support positive stiffness spring 6 provides support force. The structural design of the electromagnetic permanent magnetic hybrid quasi-zero stiffness energy feeding vibration isolator realizes the quasi-zero stiffness characteristic of the vibration isolator, solves the problem that the traditional vibration isolation system cannot simultaneously have high carrying capacity and low initial vibration isolation frequency, and designs the energy feeding coil to realize recycling of vibration energy, which has certain sustainability significance.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic and permanent magnet hybrid quasi-zero stiffness energy feedback vibration isolator, characterized in that: The invention comprises a load-bearing bracket, a positive stiffness spring mechanism, an electromagnetic negative stiffness mechanism and a preload spring mechanism, wherein the outer ring of the load-bearing bracket is provided with a plurality of positive stiffness spring mechanisms, the electromagnetic negative stiffness mechanism is provided inside the load-bearing bracket, and the preload spring mechanism is provided at the top of the load-bearing bracket; the electromagnetic negative stiffness mechanism comprises an inner ring ferromagnetic component, an outer ring electromagnetic component and an outer cylindrical iron wall (18), the outer cylindrical iron wall (18) is connected to the bottom of the load-bearing bracket through the lower end iron plate (19), the outer ring electromagnetic component is provided in the outer cylindrical iron wall (18), and the upper end of the outer ring electromagnetic component is connected to the upper end of the load-bearing bracket, a gap is provided between the lower end of the outer ring electromagnetic component and the lower end iron plate (19), the inner ring ferromagnetic component is provided in the outer ring electromagnetic component, and forms a vertical air gap with the outer ring electromagnetic component.

2. The electromagnetic-permanent-magnet hybrid quasi-zero stiffness energy-feeding vibration isolator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The load-bearing bracket includes a vibration isolator base plate (8), a load-bearing plate (5) and a guide rod (1). A plurality of guide rod grooves (7) are provided on the vibration isolator base plate (8). One end of the guide rod (1) is arranged in the guide rod groove (7), and the other end passes through the load-bearing plate (5) and extends upward. A positive stiffness spring mechanism is sleeved on the guide rod (1).

3. The electromagnetic-permanent-magnet hybrid quasi-zero stiffness energy-feeding vibration isolator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positive stiffness spring mechanism is composed of a supporting positive stiffness spring (6) and a linear bearing (4). The linear bearing (4) is sleeved on the guide rod (1), and the outer ring of the linear bearing (4) is clamped on the load-bearing plate (5). One end of the supporting positive stiffness spring (6) abuts against the upper end surface of the guide rod groove (7), and the other end abuts against the lower end surface of the inner ring of the linear bearing (4) through a spring radial fixing rubber ring (9).

4. The electromagnetic-permanent-magnet hybrid quasi-zero stiffness energy-feeding vibration isolator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner ring ferromagnetic assembly comprises an inner upper end permanent magnet ring (22), an inner upper end iron ring (23), an inner middle permanent magnet ring (24), an inner middle iron ring (25), an inner lower end permanent magnet ring (26), an inner lower end iron ring (27) and an intermediate fixing rod (28). The intermediate fixing rod (28) is threadedly connected and fixed with the lower end magnetic conductive plate and the vibration isolator bottom plate (8). The inner upper end permanent magnet ring (22), the inner upper end iron ring (23), the inner middle permanent magnet ring (24), the inner middle iron ring (25), the inner lower end permanent magnet ring (26) and the inner lower end iron ring (27) are sequentially sleeved on the intermediate fixing rod (28) from top to bottom, and the top of the intermediate fixing rod (28) is fixed with the intermediate magnetic ring axial fixing retaining ring (21) through the intermediate magnetic ring axial fixing retaining ring screw (20).

5. The electromagnetic-permanent-magnet hybrid quasi-zero stiffness energy-feeding vibration isolator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer ring electromagnetic assembly includes an outer coil holder, an outer upper permanent magnet ring (12), a control coil (13), a coil isolation ring (14), a feed coil (15) and an outer lower permanent magnet ring (16), the upper end of the outer coil holder is connected to the load-bearing plate (5), a gap is formed between the lower end of the outer coil holder and the lower end iron plate (19), and the outer upper permanent magnet ring (12), the control coil (13), the coil isolation ring (14), the feed coil (15) and the outer lower permanent magnet ring (16) are sequentially arranged on the middle part of the outer coil holder from top to bottom.

6. The electromagnetic-permanent-magnet hybrid quasi-zero stiffness energy-feeding vibration isolator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer coil holder is composed of an outer coil holder upper end (10), an outer coil holder middle portion (11) and an outer coil holder lower end (17). The outer coil holder upper end (10) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the load-bearing plate (5) by a plurality of screws. The outer coil holder upper end (10) and the outer coil holder middle portion (11) are fixedly connected by a plurality of screws. The outer coil holder middle portion (11) and the outer coil holder lower end (17) are fixedly connected by a plurality of screws.

7. The electromagnetic-permanent-magnet hybrid quasi-zero stiffness energy-feeding vibration isolator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The preload spring mechanism includes a preload spring (3) and a preload spring (3) adjusting nut (2). The preload spring (3) is sleeved outside the guide rod (1) and is located at the upper end of the load-bearing plate (5). The preload spring (3) adjusting nut (2) is screwed to the guide rod (1) and abuts against the upper end of the preload spring (3).

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