PC material impact resistance detection equipment and detection method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of pendulum impact testing machines, in particular to PC material impact resistance detection equipment and a detection method.The PC material impact resistance detection equipment comprises a rack, a base, a sample seat, a swing arm, a pendulum, a motor and a sample, a separation structure is arranged at the top of the rack, and the sample seat is provided with an automatic fixing structure; the separating structure is used for overcoming the counter-acting force of a motor rotor, the automatic fixing structure automatically fixes a PC material sample through rotating force generated by a motor, an electromagnetic sliding block moves outside an electromagnetic sliding rail, the motor is driven to retreat through movement of the electromagnetic sliding rail, and at the moment, an inserting rod moves in an inserting groove. After the motor moves, the first gear and the second gear are separated from the meshing state and are not affected by counter-acting force, and then the detection precision of the pendulum bob on the sample is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of pendulum impact testing machine, and particularly relates to a PC material impact resistance detection device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The PC material impact resistance detection is to ensure that it can withstand the sudden external force impact in actual use, prevent the material from breaking or cracking when under stress, and thus protect the safety and durability of the product. The pendulum impact testing machine is used in the industry to detect the PC material. The working principle of the pendulum impact testing machine is based on the law of conservation of energy. The impact toughness of the material is determined by measuring the potential energy difference of the pendulum before and after impacting the sample. The working process can be divided into four stages: first, the motor lifts the pendulum to a predetermined height through the transmission system, and the pendulum obtains fixed gravitational potential energy at this time; then the release mechanism makes the pendulum fall freely, and the potential energy is converted into kinetic energy, which impacts the sample at the lowest point with the maximum speed; after the sample is broken, the pendulum continues to swing to the highest lifting angle, and the angle is accurately measured by the encoder; finally, the system calculates the energy absorbed by the sample when it breaks according to the difference between the initial angle and the lifting angle, and deducts the calibration factors such as bearing friction and air resistance. However, the existing pendulum impact testing machine has the following problems.

[0003] (1) The pendulum impact testing machine is used to test the sample placed on the sample seat. After the sample is broken by the impact of the pendulum, it will splash, and the splashed sample has a lot of kinetic energy, which can easily injure the workers. The existing means (such as Figure 1 ) is to set a protective cover 39 on the testing machine to protect the workers. However, the existing protective cover is too long, and the design has the defect of insufficient space adaptability, especially in a narrow or special layout laboratory environment, which cannot accommodate the length of the existing protective cover.

[0004] (2) In the existing pendulum impact testing machine, the end of the swing arm is usually directly connected with the output shaft of the motor (as shown in Figure 2 ), and the swing arm and the pendulum are driven by the motor. During the free falling of the pendulum, the motor is in standby state. However, since the pendulum drives the rotation of the output shaft of the motor, the coil in the rotor will cut the magnetic induction line, generate induced current, and further generate electromagnetic force (reaction force) in the rotor which is opposite to the original magnetic field direction. The electromagnetic force of the reaction hinders the rotation of the rotor of the motor, resulting in the consumption of part of the energy, so that the actual kinetic energy of the pendulum is less than the theoretical prediction, thereby affecting the detection accuracy of the test piece.

[0005] (3) the existing pendulum tester's pendulum "rotational inertia is fixed", "rotational inertia is fixed" refers to the relationship between the mass distribution of the traditional pendulum and the swing arm is not adjustable, resulting in its dynamic characteristics (such as impact energy, swing period) can only be changed by replacing the whole pendulum or manually increasing or decreasing the counterweight, and the adaptive adjustment of the pendulum rotational inertia cannot be realized.

[0006] (4) the existing sample seat is generally fixed by manually rotating the screw rod, and the operator needs to spend more time and effort to clamp when manually clamping, the efficiency is low, and the sample seat cannot be automatically fixed to the PC material sample by the output shaft rotation force of the motor. SUMMARY

[0007] The purpose of the present application is to solve the problems in the background art, and a PC material impact resistance detection equipment and detection method are provided.

[0008] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows: a PC material impact resistance detection equipment, comprising: a rack, a base, a sample seat, a swing arm, a pendulum, a motor, a sample, the top of the rack is provided with a separation structure, the sample seat is provided with an automatic fixing structure, the separation structure is used to overcome the reaction force of the motor rotor, and the automatic fixing structure automatically fixes the sample of PC material through the rotating force generated by the motor.

[0009] As an optional scheme of the PC material impact resistance detection equipment, the separation structure comprises a groove at the top of the rack, an electromagnetic slide rail is installed inside the groove, an electromagnetic slide block is fixed at the bottom of the motor, and the electromagnetic slide block is in sliding connection with the electromagnetic slide rail, a support seat is fixed at the top of the rack, a rotating shaft is rotatably connected to one side of the support seat, one end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the swing arm, a first gear is fixed to the other end of the rotating shaft, a circular shaft is rotatably connected to the other side of the support seat, a second gear is fixed to the output shaft of the motor, a plug rod is fixed to one end of the second gear, and a plug groove is arranged at one end of the circular shaft.

[0010] As an optional scheme of the PC material impact resistance detection equipment, the automatic fixing structure comprises a winding groove outside the circular shaft, a steel rope is wound in the winding groove, support legs are fixed at the four corners of the bottom of the base, and a pad plate is slidably connected along the support legs, the end of the steel rope passes through the inside of the rack and penetrates the base to be finally fixedly connected with the pad plate, a horizontal groove penetrates the sample seat and the base, a horizontal plate is fixed to the top of the pad plate, and the horizontal plate penetrates the horizontal groove to come to the inside of the sample seat.

[0011] As an optional solution to the PC material impact resistance testing equipment described in the present invention, the sample holder is provided with a placement groove, two hollow blocks are provided inside the placement groove, the sample holder is provided with a placement groove, two hollow blocks are fixed inside the placement groove, a movable plate is connected to the inside of the hollow block in a horizontal sliding direction, a cross bar is fixed at one end of the movable plate, a top rod is fixed at one end of the cross bar, the sample holder is provided with a rectangular groove, the other end of the cross bar is located inside the rectangular groove, the hollow tube and the cross bar are connected by a reset spring, and an opening is provided on one side of the hollow block.

[0012] As an optional solution to the PC material impact resistance testing equipment described in the present invention, the pendulum is provided with an inertia adjustment structure, which includes an electric push rod installed inside the end of the swing arm, a cavity is provided inside the pendulum, a counterweight block is slidably connected to the inside of the cavity, and the output end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to the counterweight block.

[0013] As an optional solution to the PC material impact resistance testing equipment described in the present invention, a protective structure is provided on the top of the base, and the protective structure includes a winding shaft rotatably connected to the top of the base, and the outer side of the winding shaft is wound with ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene cloth, and a baffle is fixed to one end of the sample holder.

[0014] As an optional solution of the PC material impact resistance testing device of the present invention, the insertion rod is located inside the slot in an initial state, and the first gear is meshed with the second gear.

[0015] The impact resistance test method of the PC material is as follows:

[0016] S1: The motor starts to drive the second gear to rotate, and the second gear drives the shaft to rotate through the first gear, and the shaft drives the swing arm and the pendulum to rotate, thereby raising the pendulum to a predetermined height;

[0017] S2: The output shaft and rotor of the motor are separated from the rotating shaft that drives the pendulum through the separation structure, so that they are not affected by the reaction force, thereby improving the detection accuracy of the pendulum on the sample;

[0018] S3: As the second gear rotates, it also drives the circular shaft to rotate. When the circular shaft rotates, the winding groove on its outside reels the steel rope. When the steel rope reels, it pulls the pad outside the four support legs to rise. The rising pad drives the vertical rod and wedge block to rise. The rising wedge block drives the push rod to move the cabinet horizontally to clamp the sample in the slot. This process uses the rotational force generated by the motor on the circular shaft to achieve automated clamping.

[0019] S4: Adjust the position of the counterweight through the electric push rod, directly change the distribution distance of the mass relative to the rotating shaft, thereby adjust the moment of inertia, optimize the dynamic response characteristics of the system, improve the stability and control accuracy of the pendulum motion, adapt to different working conditions and test requirements, and improve the applicability and automation level of the equipment;

[0020] S5: The pendulum passes between the two winding shafts when it swings freely, and the pendulum contacts the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene cloth when it swings, and then the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene cloth is pulled out from the outside of the winding shaft and unfolded to form a protective cover, and if the sample breaks, it will be blocked by the protective cover formed by the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene cloth;

[0021] S6: The system calculates the energy absorbed by the sample when it breaks according to the difference between the initial angle and the back-up angle, deducting calibration factors such as bearing friction and air resistance, and then realizes the detection of the PC sample.

[0022] The PC material impact resistance detection equipment and detection method provided by the application has the beneficial effects that:

[0023] 1. By setting the separation structure, the electromagnetic slide moves outside the electromagnetic slide rail, and the motor moves backward with the electromagnetic slide rail, and the plug rod moves in the slot at this time, the first gear and the second gear are separated from the meshing state, and the second gear is used to realize the clamping and limiting of the first gear and drive it to rotate, when the first gear lacks the limiting of the second gear, the pendulum freely falls, the potential energy is converted into kinetic energy, and the pendulum impacts the sample at the lowest point with the maximum speed, since the output shaft of the motor, the rotor and the rotating shaft driving the pendulum are separated, the pendulum will not be affected by the reaction force, thereby improving the detection accuracy of the pendulum on the sample, and solving the second problem in the background art.

[0024] 2. By setting the automatic fixing structure, when the motor rotates with the second gear, since the plug rod and the circular shaft are inserted, the second gear will also drive the circular shaft to rotate at the same time, and the outer winding groove of the circular shaft winds the steel rope when the circular shaft rotates, the steel rope pulls the backing plate when winding, the backing plate rises to drive the vertical rod and the wedge-shaped block to rise in the horizontal groove, the wedge-shaped block rises to force the movable plate and the top rod to move to clamp the sample, this process realizes automatic clamping by means of the rotating force of the motor on the circular shaft, and solves the fourth problem in the background art.

[0025] 3. By setting the inertia adjusting structure, since the moment of inertia of the pendulum is proportional to the square of the mass distribution radius, the position of the counterweight can be adjusted through the electric push rod, so as to directly change the distribution distance of the mass relative to the rotating shaft, thereby adjusting the moment of inertia, and this process does not need to replace the whole pendulum or manually increase or decrease the counterweight of the pendulum, thereby solving the third problem in the background art.

[0026] 4. Through the protective mechanism, the pendulum passes between the two reeling shafts when it swings freely, and then contacts the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene cloth when it swings, and then pulls the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene cloth out from the outside of the reel and unfolds it to form a protective cover. If the sample breaks, it will be blocked by the protective cover formed by the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene cloth. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is a front view of a conventional pendulum impact testing machine proposed by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the back of a conventional pendulum impact testing machine proposed by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a front view of the improved pendulum impact testing machine proposed in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the back of the improved pendulum impact testing machine proposed in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the separation structure proposed by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 The present invention proposes Figure 5 Schematic diagram of local structure;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom of the base proposed by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the automatic fixing structure proposed by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the hollow block proposed in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the pendulum proposed by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene cloth proposed in the present invention after unfolding.

[0038] In the figure: 1, rack; 2, base; 3, sample seat; 4, swing arm; 5, pendulum; 6, motor; 7, groove; 8, electromagnetic slide rail; 9, electromagnetic slide block; 10, support seat; 11, rotating shaft; 12, first gear; 13, round shaft; 14, second gear; 15, insertion rod; 16, insertion slot; 17, winding groove; 18, steel rope; 19, support leg; 20, pad plate; 21, horizontal groove; 23, placing groove; 25, hollow block; 29, movable plate; 30, crossbar; 31, return spring; 32, electric push rod; 33, cavity; 34, counterweight; 35, winding shaft; 36, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene cloth; 37, baffle; 38, sample; 39, protective cover; 40, rectangular groove; 41, vertical rod; 42, wedge block; 43, opening; 46, ejector rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0040] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "setting" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances, and the embodiments thereof will be described below according to the overall structure of the present application.

[0041] The utility model provides a kind of PC material impact detection equipment and detection method, including: rack 1, base 2, sample seat 3, swing arm 4, pendulum 5, motor 6, test sample 38, the top of rack 1 is provided with separate structure, sample seat 3 is provided with automatic fixing structure, separate structure is used to overcome the counterforce of motor 6 rotor, automatic fixing structure is fixed by the rotary force generated by motor 6 PC material test sample 38, separate structure includes the recess 7 of the top of rack 1, recess 7 is installed with electromagnetic slide 8 in its inside, the bottom of motor 6 is fixed with electromagnetic slide block 9, and electromagnetic slide block 9 is slidably connected with electromagnetic slide 8, the top of rack 1 is fixed with support seat 10, one side of support seat 10 is rotatably connected with pivot 11, one end of pivot 11 is fixedly connected with swing arm 4, the other end of pivot 11 is fixed with first gear 12, the other side of support seat 10 is rotatably connected with round shaft 13, the output shaft of motor 6 is fixed with second gear 14, one end of second gear 14 is fixed with inserting rod 15, one end of round shaft 13 is provided with slot 16, inserting rod 15 is located in the inside of slot 16 in initial state, and first gear 12 is engaged with second gear 14.

[0042] Need to be explained, by the separate structure of setting release pendulum 5 free fall, electromagnetic slide block 9 moves outside electromagnetic slide 8 at this time, by the movement of electromagnetic slide 8 with motor 6 retreat, and the inserting rod 15 moves in slot 16 at this time, motor 6 moves first gear 12 and second gear 14 from the meshing state separation, the purpose of second gear 14 is to realize the clamping limit of first gear 12 and drive it to rotate, when first gear 12 lacks the limit of second gear 14, pendulum 5 falls freely at this time, potential energy is converted into kinetic energy, with the maximum speed impact test sample 38 at the lowest point, because the output shaft of motor 6, rotor and the pivot 11 of driving pendulum 5 rotation are separated, so it will not be affected by the reaction force, to further improve the detection accuracy of pendulum 5 to test sample 38.

[0043] Further, automatic fixing structure includes the winding groove 17 outside round shaft 13, steel rope 18 is wound in winding groove 17, support leg 19 is fixed at the four corners of the bottom of base 2, and slidingly connected with pad 20 along support leg 19, the end of steel rope 18 passes through the inside of rack 1 and penetrates base 2 finally and is fixedly connected with pad 20, sample seat 3 is penetrated with transverse groove 21 with base 2, the top of pad 20 is fixed with vertical rod 41, vertical rod 41 penetrates transverse groove 21 to come to the inside of sample seat 3, the top of vertical rod 41 is fixed with wedge block 42, sample seat 3 is provided with placing groove 23, the inside of placing groove 23 is fixed with two hollow blocks 25, the inside of hollow block 25 is slidably connected with movable plate 29 in horizontal direction, one end of movable plate 29 is fixed with cross bar 30, one end of cross bar 30 is fixed with top rod 46, hollow block 25 and cross bar 30 are connected through return spring 31, one side of hollow block 25 is provided with opening 43.

[0044] Specifically, when the motor 6 rotates with the second gear 14, the second gear 14 drives the circular shaft 13 to rotate because the plug rod 15 is inserted into the circular shaft 13. When the circular shaft 13 rotates, the outer winding groove 17 winds the steel cord 18. When the steel cord 18 is wound, the cushion plate 20 is lifted outside the four supporting legs 19. The lifting of the cushion plate 20 drives the vertical rod 41 to move and lift in the horizontal groove 21. When the vertical rod 41 is lifted, the wedge block 42 is lifted in the rectangular groove 40. When the wedge block 42 is lifted, one end of the horizontal rod 30 is pressed. Then, the horizontal rod 30 drives the movable plate 29 and the top rod 46 to move. The horizontal rod 30 is pressed to drive the reset spring 31. The reset spring 31 facilitates the reset of the horizontal rod 30, the movable plate 29, and the top rod 46 when the wedge block 42 descends. The top rod 46 moves out of the opening 43 to uniformly press and fix the sample 38 from all surfaces.

[0045] Next, the pendulum 5 is provided with an inertia adjustment structure. The inertia adjustment structure includes an electric push rod 32 installed at the end of the swing arm 4. The pendulum 5 is internally provided with a cavity 33. A counterweight 34 is slidably connected in the cavity 33. The output end of the electric push rod 32 is fixedly connected with the counterweight 34. Since the rotational inertia of the pendulum 5 is proportional to the square of the mass distribution radius, the position of the counterweight 34 is adjusted by the electric push rod 32 to directly change the distribution distance of the mass relative to the rotating shaft 11, thereby adjusting the rotational inertia. This process does not require replacement of the entire pendulum 5 or manual addition or reduction of the weight of the pendulum 5. This automatic inertia adjustment method helps to optimize the dynamic response characteristics of the system, improve the stability and control accuracy of the pendulum 5 movement, adapt to different working conditions and test requirements, and improve the applicability and automation level of the equipment.

[0046] Demonstratively, the top of the base 2 is provided with a protection structure. The protection structure includes a winding shaft 35 rotatably connected to the top of the base 2. The outer part of the winding shaft 35 winds an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene cloth 36. One end of the sample holder 3 is fixedly provided with a baffle 37. When the pendulum 5 freely falls and swings, it passes between the two winding shafts 35. When the pendulum 5 swings, it comes into contact with the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene cloth 36, which is then pulled out of the outer part of the winding shaft 35 and unfolded to form a protective cover. If the sample 38 breaks, it will be blocked by the protective cover formed by the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene cloth 36 to protect the personnel.

[0047] It is emphasized that the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene cloth 36 has extremely high strength and is lighter than aramid. It has excellent impact resistance and can be used to block high-speed flying metal or composite material fragments. The flexibility of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene cloth 36 facilitates winding.

[0048] The PC material impact resistance detection method is as follows:

[0049] S1: The motor 6 drives the second gear 14 to rotate, the second gear 14 drives the rotating shaft 11 through the first gear 12, and the rotating shaft 11 drives the swing arm 4 and the pendulum 5 to rotate, thereby lifting the pendulum 5 to a predetermined height.

[0050] S2: The output shaft of the motor 6, the rotor, and the rotating shaft 11 driving the pendulum 5 are separated by the separation structure, thereby not being affected by the reaction force, thereby improving the detection accuracy of the pendulum 5 on the test sample 38.

[0051] S3: When the motor 6 drives the second gear 14 to rotate, the second gear 14 drives the circular shaft 13 to rotate due to the insertion of the rod 15 and the circular shaft 13. When the circular shaft 13 rotates, the outer winding groove 17 of the circular shaft 13 winds the steel wire 18, and the steel wire 18 is wound to pull the base plate 20 to rise outside the four supporting legs 19. The base plate 20 drives the vertical rod 41 and the wedge block 42 to rise, and the wedge block 42 presses one end of the horizontal rod 30 when it rises. Then the horizontal rod 30 drives the movable plate 29 and the top rod 46 to move, and the top rod 46 moves out of the opening 43 to realize multi-point fixing of the whole surface of the test sample 38. This process realizes automatic clamping by the rotating force of the motor 6 on the circular shaft 13.

[0052] S4: Adjust the position of the counterweight 34 by the electric push rod 32 to directly change the distribution distance of the mass relative to the rotating shaft 11, thereby adjusting the moment of inertia, optimizing the dynamic response characteristics of the system, improving the stability and control accuracy of the pendulum 5 movement, adapting to different working conditions and test requirements, and improving the applicability and automation level of the equipment.

[0053] S5: When the pendulum 5 freely falls and swings, it passes between the two winding shafts 35, and then the pendulum 5 contacts the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene cloth 36 when it swings, thereby pulling and unfolding the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene cloth 36 from the outside of the winding shaft 35 to form a protective cover. If the test sample 38 breaks, it will be blocked by the protective cover formed by the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene cloth 36. Then the system calculates the energy absorbed by the test sample fracture according to the difference between the initial angle and the rising angle, deducting the calibration factors such as bearing friction and air resistance, thereby realizing the detection of the PC test sample 38.

[0054] Working principle: The motor 6 drives the second gear 14 to rotate, the second gear 14 drives the rotating shaft 11 through the first gear 12, and the rotating shaft 11 drives the swing arm 4 and the pendulum 5 to rotate, thereby lifting the pendulum 5 to a predetermined height, at which time the pendulum 5 obtains fixed gravitational potential energy.

[0055] The free falling of the pendulum 5 is released by the separation structure, at this time the electromagnetic slider 9 moves outside the electromagnetic slide rail 8, the motor 6 retreats through the movement of the electromagnetic slide rail 8, and the plug rod 15 moves in the slot 16 at this time, the first gear 12 is separated from the second gear 14 from the meshing state, and the second gear 14 is used to realize the clamping limiting of the first gear 12 and drive it to rotate, when the first gear 12 lacks the limiting of the second gear 14, the pendulum 5 is free to fall at this time, the potential energy is converted into kinetic energy, and the sample 38 is impacted at the lowest point with the maximum speed. Since the output shaft of the motor 6, the rotor and the rotating shaft 11 driving the pendulum 5 are separated, the motor 6 is not affected by the reaction force, thereby improving the detection accuracy of the pendulum 5 to the sample 38.

[0056] Through the automatic fixing structure, when the motor 6 rotates with the second gear 14, the plug rod 15 and the circular shaft 13 are inserted, so the second gear 14 rotates while driving the circular shaft 13 to rotate, and the outer winding groove 17 of the circular shaft 13 winds the steel wire 18 when it rotates, and the steel wire 18 is wound to pull the backing plate 20 to rise outside the four supporting legs 19. Since the motor 6 is integrated with an electromagnetic brake, when the motor 6 is on standby or power off, the brake will automatically lock the rotating shaft of the motor 6 to make it immediately stop rotating and keep the position, so it can prevent the steel wire 18 from loosening at will and affecting the stability of the backing plate 20.

[0057] The backing plate 20 rises to drive the vertical rod 41 to move and rise in the horizontal groove 21, the vertical rod 41 rises to drive the wedge block 42 to rise in the rectangular groove 40, the wedge block 42 rises to press one end of the horizontal rod 30, then the horizontal rod 30 drives the movable plate 29 and the top rod 46 to move, and the horizontal rod 30 moves to press the return spring 31. Through the setting of the return spring 31, the horizontal rod 30 drives the movable plate 29 and the top rod 46 to reset when the wedge block 42 descends, the top rod 46 moves out of the opening 43 to realize the uniform pressure fixing of the whole surface of the sample 38, and the multi-point fixing can provide more uniform and stable clamping force, effectively dispersing stress concentration, avoiding the sample from generating prestress, deformation or damage due to excessive local stress during the fixing process, thereby ensuring that the sample is in a more close-to-actual stress state during impact testing, improving the accuracy of the test results. The process realizes automatic clamping by the rotating force of the motor 6 on the circular shaft 13, and forms a linkage action with the driving of the pendulum 5. When the motor 6 reversely rotates with the circular shaft 13, the winding groove 17 releases the steel wire 18, the lifting effect of the steel wire 18 on the backing plate 20 disappears, then the backing plate 20 resets and descends under the action of gravity, and then the top rod 46 retracts into the hollow block 25 under the action of the return spring 31, releasing the fixing of the sample 38.

[0058] By setting the inertia adjustment structure, since the moment of inertia of the pendulum 5 is proportional to the square of the mass distribution radius, by adjusting the position of the counterweight 34 through the electric push rod 32, the mass distribution distance relative to the rotating shaft 11 can be directly changed, thereby adjusting the moment of inertia. This process does not require replacing the entire pendulum 5 or manually increasing or decreasing the counterweight of the pendulum 5. This automatic inertia adjustment method helps to optimize the dynamic response characteristics of the system, improve the stability and control accuracy of the pendulum 5 movement, adapt to different working conditions and test requirements, and improve the applicability and automation level of the equipment.

[0059] By setting the protection mechanism, the pendulum 5 passes between the two winding shafts 35 when it freely falls and swings, and then the pendulum 5 contacts the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene cloth 36 when it swings, thereby pulling out and unfolding the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene cloth 36 from the outside of the winding shaft 35. The baffle 37 is in close contact with the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene cloth 36 in the initial state, which is beneficial to prevent the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene cloth 36 from being in close contact with the sample seat 3 to change shape and reduce the protection range. At this time, the winding shaft 35 is in a rotating state, and the unfolded ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene cloth 36 forms a protective cover as shown in Figure 11 When the pendulum 5 is lifted upwards, the winding shaft 35 automatically winds the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene cloth 36, and the protective cover formed by the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene cloth 36 replaces the protective cover 39, and has small volume and light weight, which can adapt to narrow terrain.

[0060] The pendulum 5 freely falls and hits the test sample 38, and if the test sample 38 breaks, it will be blocked by the protective cover formed by the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene cloth 36. Then, the system calculates the energy absorbed by the broken test sample 38 according to the difference between the initial angle and the lifting angle, deducts the calibration factors such as bearing friction and air resistance, and realizes the detection of the PC test sample 38.

[0061] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make equivalent replacements or changes to the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present application within the technical scope disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A PC material impact resistance testing device, comprising: A frame (1), a base (2), a sample holder (3), a swing arm (4), a pendulum (5), a motor (6), and a sample (38), characterized in that: a separation structure is provided on the top of the frame (1), and the sample holder (3) is provided with an automatic fixing structure, the separation structure is used to overcome the reaction force of the motor (6) rotor, and the automatic fixing structure automatically fixes the PC material sample (38) through the rotational force generated by the motor (6).

2. A PC material impact resistance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separation structure comprises a groove (7) at the top of the frame (1), an electromagnetic slide rail (8) is installed inside the groove (7), an electromagnetic slider (9) is fixed at the bottom of the motor (6), and the electromagnetic slider (9) is slidably connected to the electromagnetic slide rail (8), a support base (10) is fixed at the top of the frame (1), one side of the support base (10) is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft (11), one end of the rotating shaft (11) is fixedly connected to a swing arm (4), the other end of the rotating shaft (11) is fixed to a No. 1 gear (12), and the other side of the support base (10) is rotatably connected to a round shaft (13).

3. The PC material impact resistance testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The output shaft of the motor (6) is fixed with a second gear (14), one end of the second gear (14) is fixed with an inserting rod (15), and one end of the circular shaft (13) is provided with a slot (16).

4. The PC material impact resistance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic fixing structure includes a winding groove (17) outside the circular shaft (13), a steel rope (18) is wound in the winding groove (17), support legs (19) are fixed at the four corners of the bottom of the base (2), and a pad (20) is slidably connected along the support legs (19), the end of the steel rope (18) passes through the inside of the frame (1) and penetrates the base (2) and is finally fixedly connected to the pad (20), the sample holder (3) and the base (2) are penetrated by a transverse groove (21), the top of the pad (20) is fixed with a vertical rod (41), the top of the vertical rod (41) passes through the transverse groove (21) and comes to the inside of the sample holder (3), and the top of the vertical rod (41) is fixed with a wedge block (42).

5. The PC material impact resistance testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sample holder (3) is provided with a placement groove (23), two hollow blocks (25) are fixed inside the placement groove (23), a movable plate (29) is connected to the inside of the hollow block (25) in a horizontal sliding direction, a cross bar (30) is fixed to one end of the movable plate (29), and a top rod (46) is fixed to one end of the cross bar (30).

6. The PC material impact resistance testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sample holder (3) is provided with a rectangular groove (40), the other end of the cross bar (30) is located inside the rectangular groove (40), the hollow block (25) and the cross bar (30) are connected via a return spring (31), and an opening (43) is provided on one side of the hollow block (25).

7. The PC material impact resistance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pendulum (5) is provided with an inertia adjustment structure, which includes an electric push rod (32) installed inside the end of the swing arm (4), a cavity (33) is provided inside the pendulum (5), a counterweight (34) is slidably connected inside the cavity (33), and an output end of the electric push rod (32) is fixedly connected to the counterweight (34).

8. The PC material impact resistance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A protective structure is provided on the top of the base (2), wherein the protective structure comprises a reel (35) rotatably connected to the top of the base (2), an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene cloth (36) being reeled on the outside of the reel (35), and a baffle (37) being fixed to one end of the sample holder (3).

9. The PC material impact resistance testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the initial state, the insertion rod (15) is located inside the slot (16), and the first gear (12) is meshed with the second gear (14).

10. The impact resistance testing method for PC materials according to claim 1 is as follows: S1: The motor starts to drive the second gear to rotate, and the second gear drives the shaft to rotate through the first gear, and the shaft drives the swing arm and the pendulum to rotate, thereby raising the pendulum to a predetermined height; S2: The output shaft and rotor of the motor are separated from the rotating shaft that drives the pendulum through the separation structure, so that they are not affected by the reaction force, thereby improving the detection accuracy of the pendulum on the sample; S3: As the second gear rotates, it also drives the circular shaft to rotate. When the circular shaft rotates, the winding groove on its outside reels the steel rope. When the steel rope reels, it pulls the pad outside the four support legs to rise. The rising pad drives the vertical rod and wedge block to rise. The rising wedge block drives the push rod to move the cabinet horizontally to clamp the sample in the slot. This process uses the rotational force generated by the motor on the circular shaft to achieve automated clamping. S4: By adjusting the position of the counterweight through the electric push rod, the distribution distance of the mass relative to the rotating shaft is directly changed, thereby adjusting the moment of inertia, optimizing the dynamic response characteristics of the system, improving the stability and control accuracy of the pendulum movement, adapting to different working conditions and test requirements, and improving the applicability and automation level of the equipment; S5: The pendulum swings freely in fall, passing between the two reels. The pendulum then contacts the UHMWPE sheet, pulling it out from the outside of the reel and unfolding it to form a protective cover. If the specimen breaks, it will be blocked by the protective cover formed by the UHMWPE sheet. S6: Based on the difference between the initial angle and the rebound angle, the system deducts calibration factors such as bearing friction and air resistance, calculates the energy absorbed by the sample when it breaks, and then detects the PC sample.

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