Chemical fertilizer for treating areca yellows as well as preparation method and application of chemical fertilizer

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of crop cultivation, and particularly relates to a chemical fertilizer for treating areca yellows as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The chemical fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 to 15 parts of microelements, 10 to 15 parts of medium elements, 20 to 25 parts of macroelements, 5 to 10 parts of fish protein, 5 to 10 parts of pyrimidine nucleoside, 5 to 10 parts of humic acid, 5 to 10 parts of brown sugar, 0.7 to 5 parts of compound vitamins, 0.7 to 5 parts of gibberellin, 0.7 to 5 parts of brassinolide, 0.7 to 5 parts of amino-oligosaccharin and 9 to 15 parts of enzyme microorganism. 1-5 parts of salicylic acid and 1-5 parts of carbendazim. When the chemical fertilizer is applied to areca nuts suffering from areca yellows, 1) the acre yield of the areca nuts is increased, 2) the height of the areca nuts is increased, 3) the yellow leaf rate is reduced, 4) the fruit falling rate is reduced, and 5) the stem withering rate is reduced, which prove that the chemical fertilizer prepared by the invention has a remarkable effect on treating the areca yellows.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of crop cultivation, and particularly relates to a fertilizer for treating betel nut yellowing disease, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Areca nut yellowing disease is a common physiological disease in plant growth, mainly caused by factors such as trace element deficiency in the soil, improper soil pH, bacteria or environmental stress. Yellowing disease can cause areca nut leaves to lose their green color, reduce photosynthesis efficiency, and reduce per-acre yield. It not only inhibits the normal growth of areca nut plant height, but also causes a significant increase in the yellowing rate of areca nut leaves, fruit drop rate, and stem withering rate. In severe cases, it can even lead to plant death, causing huge losses to agricultural production. Traditional treatment methods include adjusting the soil pH and applying fertilizers containing trace elements, but these methods are not effective in curing areca nut already infected with yellowing disease. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new strategy for treating areca nut yellowing disease. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fertilizer for treating betel nut yellowing disease, thereby solving the problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: The present invention provides a fertilizer for treating betel nut yellowing disease, wherein the fertilizer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of trace elements, 10-15 parts of secondary elements, 20-25 parts of macroelements, 5-10 parts of fish protein, 5-10 parts of pyrimidine nucleosides, 5-10 parts of humic acid, 5-10 parts of brown sugar, 0.7-5 parts of multivitamins, 0.7-5 parts of gibberellins, 0.7-5 parts of brassinolide, 0.7-5 parts of amino oligosaccharides, 9-15 parts of enzyme bacteria, 1-5 parts of salicylic acid, and 1-5 parts of carbendazim; The trace elements are iron, manganese, zinc, copper, boron and molybdenum, and the mass ratio thereof is 1:1:1:1:1:1; The intermediate elements are calcium, magnesium and sulfur, and the mass ratio thereof is 1:1:1; The mass ratio of the macroelements nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 1:1:1.

[0005] Preferably, the fertilizer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of trace elements, 10 parts of secondary elements, 20 parts of macroelements, 7 parts of fish protein, 8 parts of pyrimidine nucleosides, 7 parts of humic acid, 8 parts of brown sugar, 0.8 parts of multivitamins, 1 part of gibberellins, 0.7 parts of brassinolide, 0.7 parts of amino oligosaccharides, 9 parts of enzyme bacteria, 5 parts of salicylic acid and 5 parts of carbendazim.

[0006] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the fertilizer, comprising the following steps: The raw materials are weighed according to the weight parts, dissolved in water, mixed evenly, and dried to obtain the fertilizer.

[0007] Preferably, the moisture content of the fertilizer is not higher than 10%.

[0008] Preferably, the equipment for drying fertilizers is a granulation dryer.

[0009] The third aspect of the present invention provides an application of the fertilizer, which is used to treat betel nut yellowing disease.

[0010] Preferably, the treatment of betel nut yellowing disease includes at least one of the following: 1) Increase the per-acre yield of betel nut; 2) Increase tree height; 3) Reduce the yellow leaf rate; 4) Reduce fruit drop rate; 5) Reduce stem withering rate.

[0011] Preferably, the amount of the fertilizer is 90 kg / mu to 110 kg / mu.

[0012] Preferably, the amount of the fertilizer used is 100 kg / mu.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a fertilizer for treating betel nut chlorosis. The fertilizer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts trace elements, 10-15 parts secondary elements, 20-25 parts macroelements, 5-10 parts fish protein, 5-10 parts pyrimidine nucleosides, 5-10 parts humic acid, 5-10 parts brown sugar, 0.7-5 parts multivitamins, 0.7-5 parts gibberellins, 0.7-5 parts brassinolide, 0.7-5 parts amino oligosaccharides, 9-15 parts enzyme bacteria, 1-5 parts salicylic acid, and 1-5 parts carbendazim. Application of the fertilizer to betel nut trees suffering from chlorosis revealed: 1) increased per-acre yield; 2) increased tree height; 3) reduced yellowing leaf rate; 4) reduced fruit drop rate; and 5) reduced stem withering rate. These findings demonstrate that the fertilizer prepared by the present invention is significantly effective in treating betel nut chlorosis.

[0014] In addition, the chemical fertilizer for treating betel nut yellowing disease of the present invention can play a good insecticidal and bactericidal effect, can reduce the harm of mealybugs to a certain extent, and ensure the yield of crops. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is an implementation diagram of the fertilizer for treating betel nut yellowing disease described in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The present invention will be further described below by way of specific examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The details and forms of the technical solution of the present invention may be modified or replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, but such modifications or replacements fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] The inventive concept of the present invention is as follows: The fertilizer described in the present invention treats chlorosis through the synergistic action of multiple components: inorganic elements such as iron / magnesium / zinc repair the chloroplast synthase system; organic nutrients such as fish protein / humic acid form a slow-release carrier with brown sugar; vitamins and plant hormones such as brassinolide / gibberellins activate immune gene expression; microbial metabolites such as enzyme bacteria / ningnanmycin and fungicides form a double antibacterial barrier; salicylic acid and carbendazim exert a bactericidal effect. The various components form a linkage mechanism in the four dimensions of nutrient repair, immune activation, antibacterial protection and slow-release synergism, and are not a simple linear superposition of single components.

[0018] The functions of the raw materials of the fertilizer of the present invention are as follows: 1. Organic nutrients.

[0019] Fish protein: provides amino acids and trace elements necessary for betel nut growth, promoting the overall health of the plant.

[0020] Pyrimidine nucleoside: Participates in the synthesis of plant DNA and RNA, and has a positive effect on cell division and growth.

[0021] Humic acid: Improves soil structure, increases soil water retention and air permeability, and provides nutrients necessary for plant growth.

[0022] Brown sugar: provides carbohydrates, provides food for microorganisms, promotes microbial activity, and increases soil fertility.

[0023] 2. Inorganic nutrients.

[0024] The macroelements nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in inorganic nutrients serve as basic nutrients for plant growth; trace elements and medium elements repair the chloroplast synthase system.

[0025] 3. Plant active substances.

[0026] Complex vitamins: Vitamin B group, involved in plant metabolism.

[0027] Cytokinins, auxins, gibberellins, brassinolides, and amino oligosaccharides: These plant hormones and regulatory substances can promote cell division, elongation, and differentiation, and enhance the plant's resistance to stress.

[0028] 4. Microbial secondary metabolites.

[0029] Enzymes: Help break down organic matter in the soil and release nutrients.

[0030] 5. Fungicide.

[0031] Salicylic acid: activates plant systemic acquired resistance, induces plants to produce disease-resistant proteins, and enhances defense capabilities against pathogens.

[0032] Carbendazim: It interferes with fungal mitosis, inhibits spindle microtubule polymerization, blocks cell division, and causes the death of pathogens.

[0033] In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention and be able to implement it, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific examples. In the description of the present invention, if not otherwise specified, the reagents used are all commercially available and the methods used are all conventional techniques in the art.

[0034] The present invention provides a fertilizer for treating betel nut yellowing disease, wherein the fertilizer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of trace elements, 10-15 parts of secondary elements, 20-25 parts of macroelements, 5-10 parts of fish protein, 5-10 parts of pyrimidine nucleosides, 5-10 parts of humic acid, 5-10 parts of brown sugar, 0.7-5 parts of multivitamins, 0.7-5 parts of gibberellins, 0.7-5 parts of brassinolide, 0.7-5 parts of amino oligosaccharides, 9-15 parts of enzyme bacteria, 1-5 parts of salicylic acid, and 1-5 parts of carbendazim; The trace elements are iron, manganese, zinc, copper, boron and molybdenum, and the mass ratio thereof is 1:1:1:1:1:1; The intermediate elements are calcium, magnesium and sulfur, and the mass ratio thereof is 1:1:1; The mass ratio of the macroelements nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 1:1:1.

[0035] The raw materials described in the present invention and the manufacturers from which they were purchased are shown in Table 1.

[0036] Table 1 Raw materials described in the present invention and their purchasing manufacturers In the following examples, 1% represents one part by weight.

[0037] Example 1 A fertilizer for treating betel nut yellowing disease, specifically as follows: This embodiment provides a fertilizer for treating betel nut yellowing disease, which is composed of the following raw materials in the following weight ratios: Inorganic nutrients 40%, organic nutrients 30%, plant active substances 3.2%, microbial secondary metabolites 9%, and fungicides 10%.

[0038] The inorganic nutrients are composed of the following substances in the following mass percentages: 10% trace elements, 10% secondary elements, and 20% macroelements. Each element is added as a salt of the corresponding element. Trace elements include iron, manganese, zinc, copper, boron, and molybdenum, which are added in a mass ratio of 1:1:1:1:1:1. Secondary elements include calcium, magnesium, and sulfur, which are added in a mass ratio of 1:1:1; macroelements include nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, which are added in a mass ratio of 1:1:1. The corresponding salts of iron, manganese, zinc, copper, boron, and molybdenum are ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate heptahydrate, copper sulfate pentahydrate, borax, and ammonium molybdate; the corresponding salts of calcium, magnesium, and sulfur are calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, and ammonium sulfate; nitrogen is added in the form of a mixture of urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, and ammonium bicarbonate in a ratio of 1:1:1:1; phosphorus is added in the form of superphosphate; and potassium is added in the form of potassium sulfate.

[0039] The organic nutrients are composed of the following substances in the following mass percentages: 7% fish protein, 8% pyrimidine nucleoside, 7% humic acid, and 8% brown sugar.

[0040] The plant active substances are composed of the following mass percentages: 0.8% complex vitamins, 1% gibberellins, 0.7% brassinolide, and 0.7% amino oligosaccharides.

[0041] The microbial secondary metabolites are composed of the following substances in the following mass percentages: enzyme bacteria 9%.

[0042] The bactericide is composed of the following substances in the following mass percentages: 5% salicylic acid and 5% carbendazim.

[0043] Example 2 A fertilizer for treating betel nut yellowing disease, specifically as follows: This embodiment provides a fertilizer for treating betel nut yellowing disease, which is composed of the following raw materials in the following weight ratios: Inorganic nutrients 45%, organic nutrients 25%, plant active substances 5%, microbial secondary metabolites 15%, and fungicides 5%.

[0044] The inorganic nutrients are composed of the following mass percentages: trace elements 11%, secondary elements 11%, and macroelements 23%.

[0045] The organic nutrients are composed of the following mass percentages: 6% fish protein, 7% pyrimidine nucleoside, 6% humic acid, and 6% brown sugar.

[0046] The plant active substances are composed of the following mass percentages: 1.2% complex vitamins, 1.2% gibberellins, 1.3% brassinolide, and 1.3% amino oligosaccharides.

[0047] The microbial secondary metabolites are composed of the following mass percentages: enzyme bacteria 15%.

[0048] The bactericide is composed of the following mass percentages: 3% salicylic acid and 2% carbendazim.

[0049] Example 3 A fertilizer for treating betel nut yellowing disease, specifically as follows: This embodiment provides a fertilizer for treating betel nut yellowing disease, which is composed of the following raw materials in the following weight ratios: Inorganic nutrients 40%, organic nutrients 25%, plant active substances 4%, microbial secondary metabolites 15%, and fungicides 10%.

[0050] The inorganic nutrients are composed of the following mass percentages: trace elements 13%, secondary elements 12%, and macroelements 25%.

[0051] The organic nutrients are composed of the following mass percentages: 6% fish protein, 6% pyrimidine nucleoside, 6% humic acid, and 7% brown sugar.

[0052] The plant active substance is composed of the following mass percentages: 1% vitamin, 1% gibberellin, 1% brassinolide, and 1% amino oligosaccharide.

[0053] The microbial secondary metabolites are composed of the following mass percentages: enzyme bacteria 15%.

[0054] The bactericide is composed of the following mass percentages: 5% salicylic acid and 5% carbendazim.

[0055] Example 4 A fertilizer for treating betel nut yellowing disease, specifically as follows: This embodiment provides a fertilizer for treating betel nut yellowing disease, which is composed of the following raw materials in the following weight ratio: 45% inorganic nutrients, 25% organic nutrients, 3.2% plant active substances, 12% microbial secondary metabolites, and 5% fungicide.

[0056] The inorganic nutrients are composed of the following mass percentages: trace elements 11%, secondary elements 11%, and macroelements 23%.

[0057] The organic nutrients are composed of the following mass percentages: 6% fish protein, 6% pyrimidine nucleoside, 6% humic acid, and 7% brown sugar.

[0058] The plant active substance is composed of the following mass percentages: 0.8% vitamins, 1% gibberellins, 0.7% brassinolide, and 0.7% amino oligosaccharides.

[0059] The microbial secondary metabolites are composed of the following mass percentages: enzyme bacteria 12%.

[0060] The bactericide is composed of the following mass percentages: 3% salicylic acid and 2% carbendazim.

[0061] Comparative Example 1 A fertilizer for treating betel nut yellowing disease, specifically as follows: This embodiment provides a pure inorganic fertilizer containing only nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. The mass ratio of N, P, and K in the pure inorganic fertilizer is 1:1:1. The N fertilizer is added in the form of a mixture of urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, and ammonium bicarbonate in a ratio of 1:1:1:1; the P fertilizer is added in the form of superphosphate; and the K fertilizer is added in the form of potassium sulfate.

[0062] Since the preparation methods of the fertilizer for treating betel nut yellowing disease described in Examples 1 to 4 are the same, the present invention uses the raw materials described in Example 1 as an example to describe the preparation method of the fertilizer for treating betel nut yellowing disease. The preparation method is shown in Example 5.

[0063] Example 5 A method for preparing a fertilizer for treating betel nut yellowing disease comprises the following steps: S1. When in use, select and use a weighing device to take inorganic nutrients, organic nutrients, plant active substances, microbial secondary metabolites, fungicides and water.

[0064] S2. Next, inorganic nutrients, organic nutrients, plant active substances, microbial secondary metabolites, and fungicides are added into a blender and stirred evenly, and then water is added and mixed to form a water-fertilizer integrated substance.

[0065] S3. Add the mixed raw materials into the granulation drying device - granulation dryer to granulate. During drying, pay attention to monitoring the moisture content of the granules and reduce the moisture content of the fertilizer to less than 10%; then, bag and sell.

[0066] Example 6 An application of a chemical fertilizer for treating betel nut yellowing disease is as follows: Fertilizers were prepared according to the preparation method of Example 5 using Examples 1 to 4, and applied together with the fertilizer of Comparative Example 1 to betel nut plants infected with chlorosis. A blank control group, i.e., healthy betel nut plants not infected with chlorosis, was set up to explore their preventive and control effects.

[0067] At 100 kg / mu, the fertilizer prepared in Comparative Example 1 was applied to the sowing furrow. After mixing with the soil, the fertilizer was covered to avoid direct contact with the seeds or roots. The fertilizer was applied below the side of the seeds, 5 cm away from the seeds. Fertilizer was applied by digging trenches between the crop rows or near the roots, and then covered with soil and watered. The fertilizers prepared in Examples 1 to 4 were applied at a rate of 100 kg / mu in a single application. Each treatment was repeated twice. The effects of different fertilization treatments on betel nut are shown in Table 2.

[0068] As can be seen from Table 2, compared with ordinary chemical fertilizers, after applying the fertilizer described in the present invention to betel nut infected with chlorosis, the per mu yield and tree height of betel nut were significantly increased, and the yellow leaf rate, fruit drop rate and stem withering rate were significantly reduced. The fertilizer described in the present invention has a therapeutic effect on betel nut chlorosis that is significantly better than ordinary chemical fertilizers; and after applying the fertilizer described in the present invention, the changes in indicators such as per mu yield, tree height, yellow leaf rate, fruit drop rate and stem withering rate of betel nut are no significantly different from those of healthy betel nut plants.

[0069] Table 2 Effects of different fertilization treatments on betel nut Note: In Table 2, different letters represent significant differences, p < 0.05.

[0070] The present invention is further configured to be characterized in that the production processing system has a fertilizer storage device, and a certain amount of water is placed in the mixing unit to fully mix the fertilizer and water inside the mixing tank.

[0071] The present invention is further configured and characterized in that the weighing device is an electronic platform scale.

[0072] The present invention is further configured and characterized in that the storage device includes a storage box fixedly connected to the top of the support plate.

[0073] The present invention is further configured to be characterized in that the mixing box includes a water tank fixedly connected to the bottom of the support plate. When fertilizing is performed once, the mixing box stirs once to achieve the requirement of water and fertilizer integration.

[0074] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the preparation used for sterilization and insecticide can achieve good insecticidal and sterilization effects by being provided with salicylic acid and carbendazim, can alleviate the harm of mealybugs to a certain extent, and ensure the yield of crops.

[0075] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0076] The above-described embodiments merely illustrate several implementations of the present invention. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make numerous variations and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and all such variations and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fertilizer for treating betel nut yellowing disease, characterized in that: The chemical fertilizer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of trace elements, 10-15 parts of secondary elements, 20-25 parts of macroelements, 5-10 parts of fish protein, 5-10 parts of pyrimidine nucleosides, 5-10 parts of humic acid, 5-10 parts of brown sugar, 0.7-5 parts of multivitamins, 0.7-5 parts of gibberellins, 0.7-5 parts of brassinolide, 0.7-5 parts of amino oligosaccharides, 9-15 parts of enzyme bacteria, 1-5 parts of salicylic acid, and 1-5 parts of carbendazim; The trace elements are iron, manganese, zinc, copper, boron and molybdenum, and the mass ratio thereof is 1:1:1:1:1:1; The intermediate elements are calcium, magnesium and sulfur, and the mass ratio thereof is 1:1:1; The mass ratio of the macroelements nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 1:1:

1.

2. The fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein The chemical fertilizer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of trace elements, 10 parts of secondary elements, 20 parts of macroelements, 7 parts of fish protein, 8 parts of pyrimidine nucleosides, 7 parts of humic acid, 8 parts of brown sugar, 0.8 parts of multivitamins, 1 part of gibberellin, 0.7 parts of brassinolide, 0.7 parts of amino oligosaccharides, 9 parts of enzyme bacteria, 5 parts of salicylic acid and 5 parts of carbendazim.

3. The method for preparing the fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein The following steps are involved: The raw materials are weighed according to the weight portion described in claim 1, dissolved in water, mixed evenly, and dried to obtain the fertilizer.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein The moisture content of the fertilizer is not higher than 10%.

5. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein The equipment used to dry fertilizers is a granulator dryer.

6. The use of the fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chemical fertilizer is used for treating betel nut yellowing disease.

7. The use according to claim 6, characterized in that The treatment of betel nut yellowing disease includes at least one of the following: 1) Increase the per-acre yield of betel nut; 2) Increase tree height; 3) Reduce the yellow leaf rate; 4) Reduce fruit drop rate; 5) Reduce stem withering rate.

8. The use according to claim 6, characterized in that The amount of the chemical fertilizer used is 90 kg / mu to 110 kg / mu.

9. The use according to claim 8, characterized in that The amount of the chemical fertilizer used is 100 kg / mu.

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