A CAD-based three-dimensional terrain geological model modeling method, device and medium

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses a CAD-based three-dimensional terrain geological model modeling method, device and medium, relates to the CAD modeling technical field, and is used for solving the problem of low reliability of the existing three-dimensional modeling mode. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring multi-source heterogeneous data corresponding to a current modeling type for preprocessing to obtain a discrete point set; if it is determined that the current modeling type is a terrain modeling type, performing dimension reduction and profile division on the discrete point set to obtain a triangular facet, and performing dimension increase on a two-dimensional discrete point set corresponding to the triangular facet to obtain a three-dimensional terrain grid model; if it is determined that the current modeling type is a geological modeling type, performing dimension reduction and analysis on the discrete point set to generate a stratigraphic interface; processing the discrete point set through a preset strategy to obtain a geological matrix model, and performing stratigraphic segmentation on the geological matrix model according to the stratigraphic interface to obtain a three-dimensional geological model; and transmitting modeling data corresponding to the obtained model to a browser for rendering and display based on an application server.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of CAD modeling technology, and in particular to a CAD-based method, equipment and medium for modeling three-dimensional terrain and geological models. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing demand for refined management of underground space in geotechnical engineering, urban planning, and environmental geology, the limitations of traditional two-dimensional geological models in representing complex geological bodies and their spatial analysis capabilities are becoming increasingly apparent. Three-dimensional geological modeling technology, as a means to achieve digitalization, quantification, and visualization in geotechnical engineering investigation, has gained widespread acceptance among geologists and is crucial for its application in geotechnical engineering investigation.

[0003] Current 3D terrain and geological modeling software requires the integration of multi-source heterogeneous data. However, the fusion and standardization of different data formats present challenges, and balancing data loading and visualization performance in large-scale scenarios is difficult. Furthermore, traditional terrain and geological modeling software relies on manual input of geological boundaries, faults, and stratigraphic units, which is time-consuming, highly subjective, and lacks the ability to identify complex geological structures, requiring significant manual intervention. Moreover, terrain modeling and geological modeling are often performed in different software systems, easily leading to a disconnect between the surface and subsurface, making it difficult for operators to process data within the same model. Additionally, high-precision modeling requires substantial computational resources, making it difficult to meet real-time engineering requirements in terms of modeling time. Simplifying the model may result in the loss of key geological features, affecting the reliability of subsequent analysis; thus, it remains difficult to resolve the contradiction between model accuracy and computational efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, one or more embodiments of this application provide a CAD-based three-dimensional terrain and geological modeling method, device, and medium.

[0005] One or more embodiments of this application employ the following technical solutions:

[0006] One or more embodiments of this application provide a CAD-based three-dimensional terrain and geological modeling method, specifically including:

[0007] The modeling server acquires multi-source heterogeneous data corresponding to the current modeling type and performs preprocessing to obtain discrete point sets corresponding to each current modeling type; wherein, the current modeling type includes: terrain modeling type and geological modeling type;

[0008] If the current modeling type is determined to be a terrain modeling type, then the discrete point set is dimensionality reduced to obtain triangular patches, and the two-dimensional discrete point set corresponding to the triangular patches is dimensionality increased to obtain a three-dimensional terrain mesh model.

[0009] If the current modeling type is determined to be a geological modeling type, then the discrete point set is subjected to dimensionality reduction analysis to generate stratigraphic interfaces;

[0010] The discrete point set is processed by a preset convex hull scanning strategy and a preset stretching strategy to obtain a geological matrix model. The geological matrix model is then segmented into strata according to the stratigraphic interfaces to obtain a three-dimensional geological model.

[0011] The modeling data corresponding to the three-dimensional terrain mesh model or the three-dimensional geological model is transmitted from the application server to the browser so that the browser can render and display it.

[0012] Optionally, in one or more embodiments of this application, the modeling server obtains multi-source heterogeneous data corresponding to the current modeling type and performs preprocessing to obtain discrete point sets corresponding to each of the current modeling types, specifically including:

[0013] A multi-source data conversion tool based on a pre-built ETL framework is used to convert initial multi-source heterogeneous data to obtain multi-source heterogeneous data corresponding to the current modeling type; wherein, the multi-source heterogeneous data includes: point sets and contour lines;

[0014] If the multi-source heterogeneous data is determined to be a point set, the coordinates of each data point in the point set are sorted to filter out duplicate data points in the point set, thereby obtaining the discrete point set corresponding to the current modeling type; wherein, the duplicate data points are those with repeated horizontal and / or vertical coordinates.

[0015] If the multi-source heterogeneous data is determined to be contour lines, then data points are collected on the contour lines to obtain an initial point set;

[0016] The coordinates of each data point in the initial point set are sorted to filter out duplicate data points in the initial point set, thereby obtaining the discrete point set corresponding to the current modeling type.

[0017] Optionally, in one or more embodiments of this application, the discrete point set is dimensionality-reduced to obtain triangular patches, and the two-dimensional discrete point set corresponding to the triangular patches is dimensionality-increasing to obtain a three-dimensional terrain mesh model, specifically including:

[0018] Obtain the elevation distribution entropy of the discrete point set, and perform adaptive dimensionality reduction processing on the discrete point set based on the elevation distribution entropy to obtain the two-dimensional discrete point set corresponding to the discrete point set;

[0019] The two-dimensional discrete point set is processed based on a preset convex hull scanning strategy to obtain the convex hull corresponding to the two-dimensional discrete point set; wherein, the preset convex hull scanning strategy is the GiftWrapping strategy.

[0020] The convex hull and the two-dimensional discrete point set are triangulated according to a preset triangulation strategy to obtain the vertices of the two-dimensional planar triangles and their indices, and to obtain the hierarchical relationship corresponding to the triangulation; wherein, the hierarchical relationship includes: the topological connection relationship between triangles and the operation relationship corresponding to the triangle construction process;

[0021] Determine the vertical coordinates of the discrete point set corresponding to each vertex of a two-dimensional plane triangle, and then increase the dimension of the vertices of the two-dimensional plane triangle based on the vertical coordinates to obtain the vertices of a three-dimensional triangle.

[0022] The current model mesh accuracy is determined based on the hierarchical relationship corresponding to the triangulation. Under the current model mesh accuracy, a three-dimensional terrain mesh model is constructed based on the coordinates of the vertices of the three-dimensional triangles and the index of each vertex.

[0023] Optionally, in one or more embodiments of this application, the convex hull and the two-dimensional discrete point set are triangulated according to a preset triangulation strategy to obtain the vertices of the two-dimensional planar triangles and their indices, specifically including:

[0024] Obtain the convex hull boundary corresponding to each vertex of the convex hull, and perform initial triangulation based on the line connecting any point of the convex hull boundary to a non-adjacent vertex to obtain the boundary triangle;

[0025] Based on the convex hull boundary and the two-dimensional discrete point set, determine the internal two-dimensional discrete point set located inside the convex hull, and assign vertex numbers to each discrete point in the internal two-dimensional discrete point set.

[0026] Based on the assigned vertex indices, the internal two-dimensional discrete point set is sequentially inserted into the boundary triangle. The inserted internal two-dimensional discrete point set is then triangulated using the preset triangulation strategy to obtain the vertices and indices of the two-dimensional plane triangles. The discrete point set is then parsed to generate the stratigraphic interface, specifically including:

[0027] The discrete point set is analyzed and its dimensionality is reduced to obtain the basic information corresponding to each borehole point in the two-dimensional discrete point set; wherein, the basic information includes: borehole point number, soil section number, stratum depth, and borehole point coordinates.

[0028] Three-dimensional stratum points are generated based on the borehole point coordinates and the stratum depth to construct topological data between the three-dimensional stratum points, the borehole point numbers, and the soil segment numbers;

[0029] Based on the topological data and the three-dimensional stratigraphic points, determine the set of three-dimensional stratigraphic points corresponding to the same soil segment number;

[0030] Spatial interpolation is performed on each of the three-dimensional stratigraphic point sets to obtain the three-dimensional surface corresponding to each of the three-dimensional stratigraphic point sets as the stratigraphic interface; wherein each of the three-dimensional surfaces corresponds to a geological main layer or a geological sublayer.

[0031] Optionally, in one or more embodiments of this application, the discrete point set is processed using a preset convex hull scanning strategy and a preset stretching strategy to obtain a geological matrix model, specifically including:

[0032] Obtain the elevation distribution entropy of the discrete point set, and perform adaptive dimensionality reduction processing on the discrete point set based on the elevation distribution entropy to obtain the two-dimensional discrete point set corresponding to the discrete point set;

[0033] The two-dimensional discrete point set is processed based on a preset convex hull scanning strategy to obtain the convex hull corresponding to the two-dimensional discrete point set; wherein, the preset convex hull scanning strategy is the GiftWrapping strategy.

[0034] The geological matrix outline is obtained by connecting the convex hull point set, and the highest and lowest borehole point positions are determined by traversing the discrete point set.

[0035] The starting and ending heights of the stretching are determined based on the highest and lowest borehole locations, and the geological matrix contour is stretched vertically according to the starting and ending heights to obtain a geological matrix model.

[0036] Optionally, in one or more embodiments of this application, the geological matrix model is stratigraphically segmented according to the stratigraphic interface to obtain a three-dimensional geological model, specifically including:

[0037] Based on the stratigraphic sequence corresponding to the stratigraphic interface, Boolean difference operations are performed sequentially between each stratigraphic interface and the geological matrix model to segment the geological matrix model into multiple stratigraphic entities.

[0038] Based on the topological data, stratigraphic attribute labels are added to each stratigraphic entity, and the stratigraphic entities with added stratigraphic attribute labels are assembled based on their corresponding spatial locations to obtain three-dimensional geological model data.

[0039] Optionally, in one or more embodiments of this application, before obtaining the multi-source heterogeneous data corresponding to the current modeling type for preprocessing to obtain the discrete point set corresponding to each of the current modeling types, the method further includes...

[0040] The application server receives a modeling script created by parsing a modeling command stream; wherein the modeling command stream is generated by the browser processing the current user's modeling request to obtain modeling parameters.

[0041] The current modeling type is determined based on the modeling sub-command class corresponding to the modeling script; wherein, the modeling sub-command class includes: terrain modeling sub-command and geological modeling sub-command.

[0042] One or more embodiments of this application provide a CAD-based three-dimensional terrain and geological modeling device, the device comprising:

[0043] At least one processor; and,

[0044] A memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein,

[0045] The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform any of the methods described above.

[0046] One or more embodiments of this application provide a non-volatile computer storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, wherein the computer-executable instructions are configured to execute any of the methods described above.

[0047] The above-described technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of this application can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0048] This process addresses the issues of data format incompatibility and cumbersome processing in traditional CAD modeling by preprocessing multi-source heterogeneous data into discrete point sets. In constructing the 3D terrain mesh model, a combination of dimensionality reduction and upscaling balances computational efficiency with model detail, ensuring both computational efficiency and reliability. For the 3D geological model, convex hull scanning and stretching strategies generate the geological matrix, which is then segmented using stratigraphic interfaces, achieving a structured construction from discrete points to a complete geological body. Furthermore, constructing separate 3D terrain mesh and 3D geological models avoids the common problem of terrain and geological modeling being done in different software systems, which hinders integrated model processing. Transmitting modeling data to a browser via an application server for rendering and display solves the problem of unintuitive interactive operation of 3D geological models and facilitates cross-device and cross-scene collaborative viewing and analysis, enhancing the model's practicality and dissemination. Attached Figure Description

[0049] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings:

[0050] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a CAD-based three-dimensional terrain and geological modeling method provided in this application embodiment;

[0051] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a CAD-based three-dimensional terrain and geological modeling architecture provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a CAD-based three-dimensional terrain and geological modeling process is provided for embodiments of this application.

[0053] Figure 4 A point set schematic diagram provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of point set dimensionality reduction provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of triangulation provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0056] Figure 7 A schematic diagram illustrating the creation of a three-dimensional terrain mesh model provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0057] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a borehole point set provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0058] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the convex hull corresponding to a two-dimensional discrete point set provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0059] Figure 10 An example diagram illustrating the generation of a geological matrix provided in this application embodiment;

[0060] Figure 11 An example of generating a stratigraphic segmentation surface provided in this application embodiment;

[0061] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional geological model provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0062] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of a CAD-based three-dimensional terrain and geological modeling device provided in this application embodiment;

[0063] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a non-volatile storage medium provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0064] This application provides a CAD-based method, equipment, and medium for modeling three-dimensional terrain and geological models.

[0065] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0066] like Figure 1 As shown in the embodiments of this specification, a 3D terrain and geological modeling method based on CAD is provided, which can be applied to, for example... Figure 2 In the cloud-based B / S architecture shown, such as Figure 2 The modules shown are loosely coupled, using multiple communication protocols such as HTTP, HTTPS, and WebSocket for data interaction to ensure data security. The browser side primarily uses the AngularJS framework to implement the page element UI; the Three.js library is used as the 3D model rendering engine to support 3D model scene operations; and RxJS provides mouse event capture, cross-domain communication, and other functions. The modeling service includes a modeling kernel and a modeling instance manager. The modeling kernel is responsible for geometric modeling, while the modeling instance manager is responsible for the creation and destruction of the modeling kernel and ensuring data consistency between the application server and the modeling kernel. The modeling instance manager is implemented using the ASP.NET Core framework, mainly calling WebAPI related interfaces to maintain the service management endpoint; the modeling kernel, developed in C++, includes basic geometric libraries and modeling algorithm libraries. The CAD-based 3D terrain and geological modeling method in this method is developed based on this kernel. Figure 3 As shown in this architecture, the browser is responsible for implementing the user interface, handling user requests, constructing the modeling command stream, and forwarding it to the application server. The application server parses the modeling command stream, creates a modeling script based on the user input parameters, and forwards the modeling script to the modeling server. The modeling kernel then completes the creation of the model data. The modeling server returns the modeling data to the application server, which then transmits the modeling data to the browser. The browser parses the modeling data and renders the model display data. Figure 2 In the architecture shown, the CAD-based three-dimensional terrain and geological modeling method in this embodiment of the application specifically includes, as follows: Figure 1 The following steps are shown:

[0067] S101: The modeling server obtains multi-source heterogeneous data corresponding to the current modeling type and performs preprocessing to obtain discrete point sets corresponding to each current modeling type; wherein, the current modeling type includes: terrain modeling type and geological modeling type.

[0068] Current topographic and geological modeling relies on multi-source heterogeneous data such as borehole data, remote sensing data, LiDAR data, and geophysical survey data. However, the different data formats and coordinate systems of multi-source heterogeneous data are difficult to standardize, requiring manual screening and correction, which is inefficient and prone to errors due to insufficient accuracy in local areas. Therefore, to be compatible with multiple data sources and support accurate model data analysis and automated cleaning, this specification's embodiments acquire multi-source heterogeneous data corresponding to the current modeling type and preprocess it to obtain discrete point sets corresponding to each current modeling type. This preprocessing process achieves unified processing of multi-source data, avoiding the inefficiency and error-prone problems caused by technicians having to manually process data across multiple software platforms in traditional methods.

[0069] Specifically, in one or more embodiments of this specification, multi-source heterogeneous data corresponding to the current modeling type is obtained and preprocessed to obtain discrete point sets corresponding to each current modeling type, specifically including the following processes:

[0070] First, the initial multi-source heterogeneous data is transformed using a pre-built ETL framework's multi-source data transformation tool to obtain the multi-source heterogeneous data corresponding to the current modeling type. This multi-source heterogeneous data includes point sets and contour lines. The pre-built ETL tool can automatically identify and transform data from different sources and formats, obtaining point sets and contour lines in a unified format. This avoids the inefficient operation of writing dedicated parsing code for each data format or relying on manual data conversion between software, as is common in traditional methods. If, based on the above data transformation, the multi-source heterogeneous data is determined to be a point set, then the coordinates of each data point in the point set are sorted to filter out duplicate data points, obtaining the discrete point set corresponding to the current modeling type; duplicate data points are those with repeated x-coordinates and / or y-coordinates. If the multi-source heterogeneous data is determined to be a contour line, then data points are collected from the contour lines to obtain an initial point set. By sorting the coordinates of each data point in the initial point set to filter out duplicate data points, the discrete point set corresponding to the current modeling type can be obtained. Figure 4The discrete point set shown is illustrated. During this process, ETL tools were used to convert multi-source heterogeneous data into a unified format, resolving the data silo problem caused by format differences in traditional data processing. This allows subsequent modeling processes to be based on standardized data, enhancing the overall modeling system's compatibility with different input data. Whether for the directly acquired point set or the initial point set generated after contour line acquisition, duplicate data points were filtered by coordinate sorting, effectively eliminating redundant information and avoiding computational redundancy or topological errors caused by duplicate points in subsequent triangulation, dimensionality upgrade, and other steps. This lays a data foundation for constructing an accurate 3D terrain mesh model.

[0071] Furthermore, in one or more embodiments of this specification, before obtaining the multi-source heterogeneous data corresponding to the current modeling type for preprocessing to obtain the discrete point set corresponding to each current modeling type, the method further includes:

[0072] like Figure 3 As shown, the modeling server receives the modeling script created by the application server through parsing the modeling command stream. The modeling command stream is generated by the browser processing the current user's modeling request and obtaining modeling parameters. Then, based on the modeling sub-command class corresponding to the modeling script, the current modeling type is determined. These sub-command classes include terrain modeling sub-commands and geological modeling sub-commands. These sub-command classes are contained in the pre-defined command base class HTHistCommand, which derives from three sub-commands: HTTopographicSurface, HTGeology, and HTDataConvert. The data for each sub-command is independent, but necessary communication can be achieved through interfaces. Both terrain modeling and geological modeling functions obtain modeling data from a unified HTDataConvert object. This design reduces system coupling and facilitates independent maintenance and upgrades of each model.

[0073] S102: If the current modeling type is determined to be a terrain modeling type, then the discrete point set is dimensionality reduced to obtain triangular patches, and the two-dimensional discrete point set corresponding to the triangular patches is dimensionality increased to obtain a three-dimensional terrain mesh model.

[0074] Based on the above step S101, after preprocessing the multi-source heterogeneous data corresponding to the current modeling type and obtaining the discrete point sets corresponding to each current modeling type, if the current modeling type is determined to be terrain modeling, then the discrete point sets are dimensionality-reduced and subdivided to obtain triangular patches, and the discrete point sets corresponding to the triangular patches are then dimensionality-upgraded to obtain a 3D terrain mesh model. In a certain application scenario, the preprocessed discrete point sets will be dimensionality-reduced into, for example,... Figure 5 The two-dimensional discrete point set shown retains only the X and Y coordinates. Then, as... Figure 6As shown, the GiftWrapping algorithm is used to solve for the convex hull of a 2D discrete point set. Based on the convex hull and the 2D discrete point set, the Delaunay algorithm is used for triangulation, obtaining the vertices and indices of the triangulated 2D planar triangles. The circumcircle of any triangular triangle after triangulation does not contain any vertices from the original point set. Then, the vertices of the triangulated planar triangles are upgraded in dimensionality based on the Z-coordinates of the original 3D point set, transforming the 2D planar triangles into 3D triangles, enhancing the data's expressive power to handle nonlinear terrain distributions. Finally, a 3D mesh model is created using the vertex coordinates and indices of the 3D triangles. It should be noted that the aforementioned triangular facets refer to individual triangular units obtained by triangulating the 2D discrete point set, consisting of three 2D planar vertices and their connections. Each triangular facet is the basic geometric unit constituting the 2D triangulation result, containing the coordinate information of the three vertices, vertex indices, and topological relationships with other triangular facets. This process, by first reducing the dimensionality of the discrete point set before performing 2D triangulation, reduces complexity while improving reliability. Furthermore, by transferring the complex and unstable three-dimensional space to a simple and efficient two-dimensional space, the modeling speed is greatly accelerated.

[0075] Specifically, in one or more embodiments of this specification, a discrete point set is dimensionality-reduced to obtain triangular patches, and the corresponding two-dimensional discrete point set is dimensionality-increasing to obtain a three-dimensional terrain mesh model. The specific process includes the following steps:

[0076] To quantify the degree of disorder in the distribution of a discrete point set, thus providing a basis for the data dimensionality reduction process, this embodiment obtains the elevation values ​​(vertical coordinates) of each data point in the discrete point set, thereby obtaining an elevation dataset. Then, based on the range of elevation values, this elevation dataset is divided into several continuous intervals, and the number of discrete points contained in each interval is counted. The probability value of each interval is then calculated, which is the ratio of the number of data points in the interval to the total number of data points in the discrete point set. This probability value is processed according to the method of information entropy calculation to obtain the elevation distribution entropy of the discrete point set. Adaptive dimensionality reduction is then performed on the discrete point set based on the elevation distribution entropy to obtain the corresponding two-dimensional discrete point set. It should be noted that regions with high elevation distribution entropy correspond to areas with drastic terrain undulations, indicating the need to retain more details to avoid feature loss; therefore, targeted existing dimensionality reduction methods can be used during the dimensionality reduction process. Conversely, regions with low elevation distribution entropy correspond to flat areas, and simpler existing dimensionality reduction methods, such as vertical projection, can be used. This process employs an adaptive dimensionality reduction method for the discrete point set, which is not simply coordinate stripping. Instead, it dynamically adjusts the dimensionality reduction approach to map the 3D discrete point set to a 2D discrete point set. This process maximizes the preservation of spatial distribution features that have a critical impact on terrain morphology, providing a foundation for subsequent triangulation and dimensionality increase accuracy. Furthermore, this adaptive dimensionality reduction process addresses the problems of current high-precision models requiring significant computational resources, leading to lengthy modeling times and difficulty meeting real-time engineering needs, while simplified models may lose key geological features, affecting the reliability of analysis results.

[0077] After dimensionality reduction of the 3D discrete point set according to the above process, the resulting 2D discrete point set can be processed using a preset convex hull scanning strategy, such as GiftWrapping, to obtain the corresponding convex hull. It should be noted that this preset convex hull scanning strategy randomly selects a point in the 2D point set as the starting point and sequentially searches for vertices that allow all other points to lie on one side of a certain straight line, gradually forming the smallest convex polygon enclosing all 2D points. This process clearly defines the spatial contour of the 2D discrete point set, constraining the subsequent triangulation range within the convex hull. Simultaneously, the convex hull vertices serve as fixed boundaries, providing an initial framework for topological consistency in subsequent triangulation and preventing the triangulation results from exceeding the actual terrain's outer perimeter. Then, triangulation is performed on the convex hull and the 2D discrete point set according to the preset triangulation strategy, obtaining the vertices and indices of the 2D planar triangles and the corresponding hierarchical relationships of the triangulation. The hierarchical relationships include: topological connections between triangles, such as associations formed through shared edges or vertices; and operational relationships corresponding to the triangle construction process, such as how each deletion changes the triangulation mesh as the process of gradually deleting unimportant points starting from the entire discrete point set; and the process of inserting vertices, deleting triangles, and generating triangles starting from the convex hull. This process reflects both the logical order of the meshing and provides a structured basis for subsequent mesh accuracy adjustments.

[0078] The vertical coordinates of the discrete point sets corresponding to the vertices of each two-dimensional plane triangle are determined. Based on these vertical coordinates, the vertices of the two-dimensional plane triangles are then upgraded to obtain three-dimensional triangle vertices, completing the coordinate expansion from (x, y) to (x, y, z). The spatial topological information retained during the two-dimensional triangulation process is precisely correlated with the elevation data of the original discrete points, transforming each two-dimensional triangle into a three-dimensional triangle vertex with height. This ensures that the triangular distribution characteristics on the two-dimensional plane can be accurately mapped to three-dimensional space. The current model mesh accuracy is determined based on the hierarchical relationship corresponding to the above triangulation. Then, at the current model mesh accuracy, the coordinates corresponding to the three-dimensional triangle vertices and their respective vertex indices are used to combine the three-dimensional triangles to obtain a continuous mesh structure, achieving the desired result. Figure 7 Construction of a 3D terrain mesh model. It should be noted that the more complex the hierarchical relationships, the higher the required mesh accuracy of the current model.

[0079] Furthermore, in one or more embodiments of this specification, the convex hull and the two-dimensional discrete point set are triangulated according to a preset triangulation strategy to obtain the vertices of the two-dimensional planar triangles and their indices. Specifically, this includes the following process:

[0080] After obtaining the convex hull through the above process, the convex hull boundaries corresponding to the vertices of each convex hull are acquired. Initial triangulation is then performed based on the lines connecting any point on the convex hull boundary to non-adjacent vertices, resulting in boundary triangles. Utilizing the closure property of the convex hull, the convex polygon is transformed into a combination of multiple triangles through diagonal partitioning. The vertices of these boundary triangles are all convex hull vertices, forming the basic framework of the triangulation. This not only determines the outer contour of the triangulation but also provides initial topological data for the subsequent insertion of interior points.

[0081] Based on the obtained convex hull boundary and two-dimensional discrete point set, the internal two-dimensional discrete point set located inside the convex hull is determined, and vertex indices are assigned to each discrete point in the internal two-dimensional discrete point set. The assignment of indices can be based on the spatial distribution characteristics, i.e., spatial importance, of the internal two-dimensional discrete points, ensuring that each internal two-dimensional discrete point has a unique insertion index. The internal two-dimensional discrete point set is sequentially inserted into the boundary triangle according to the assigned vertex indices. The preset triangulation strategy then triangulates the inserted internal two-dimensional discrete point set, obtaining the vertices of the two-dimensional planar triangles and their indices. In other words, each time an internal two-dimensional discrete point is inserted, the triangles surrounding that point are re-segmented and adjusted according to the preset triangulation strategy. New triangles are constructed to replace some of the original triangles, making the newly inserted point a vertex of the new triangle. This process is repeated until all internal points are inserted, ultimately obtaining a set of two-dimensional planar triangles containing all convex hull vertices and internal points, along with the index of each triangle vertex, achieving complete triangulation of the entire convex hull region. The preset triangulation strategy can be the Delaunay strategy.

[0082] In addition to creating 3D terrain mesh models, this application can also handle contour line creation in certain scenarios. Specifically, for non-closed contour lines, it first searches for contour edges (edges containing contour points) starting from the boundary (BoundTir). If no contour edge is found, the contour line is closed, requiring a closed contour line search. Once a contour edge is found, its vulEdge is recorded, and the triangle is removed from the search list (CheckTir). The search continues with the next triangle adjacent to the contour edge, finding the next contour edge. This process is repeated to find a non-closed contour line, and then the next non-closed contour line is searched among the remaining boundaries and triangles to be searched. For closed contour lines, after searching for non-closed contour lines using the above process, when searching for closed contour lines among the remaining triangles, one can start from one of the triangles to be searched, searching for contour edges (vulEdge) and removing triangles containing contour edges from the search list. The search continues with the next triangle adjacent to the contour edge, repeating the previous step until all triangles to be searched have been removed. The non-closed contour lines in the search results, when combined with the closed contour lines, form the set of contour lines for the terrain. Contour lines at different elevations can be represented by isolines with different values.

[0083] S103: If the current modeling type is determined to be a geological modeling type, then the discrete point set is subjected to dimensionality reduction analysis to generate a stratigraphic interface.

[0084] If, according to step S101 above, it is determined that the current modeling type is a geological modeling type, then the discrete point set is parsed to generate a stratigraphic interface. Specifically, in one or more embodiments of this specification, dimensionality reduction parsing of the discrete point set to generate a stratigraphic interface specifically includes:

[0085] If the current modeling type is geological modeling, the discrete point set will be dimensionality reduced to obtain a set of two-dimensional borehole points, such as... Figure 8The two-dimensional discrete point set shown is analyzed to obtain the basic information corresponding to each borehole point in the set. This basic information includes: borehole number, soil segment number, formation depth, and borehole coordinates. Three-dimensional formation points are generated based on the borehole coordinates and formation depth to construct the topological data between the three-dimensional formation points, borehole numbers, and soil segment numbers. Based on the topological data between the three-dimensional formation points, borehole numbers, and soil segment numbers, and the three-dimensional formation points, the three-dimensional formation point set corresponding to the same soil segment number is determined. Spatial interpolation is then performed on each three-dimensional formation point set to obtain the corresponding three-dimensional surfaces as formation interfaces. Each three-dimensional surface corresponds to a primary geological layer or a sub-layer. In a certain application scenario, the input stratum data consists of borehole point number, soil section number, and stratum depth. The data needs to be parsed and processed to generate stratum points based on the borehole point coordinates and stratum depth, construct the topology between stratum points, borehole numbers, and soil section numbers, and then generate a topographic surface for each geological main layer and sublayer as the stratum boundary surface based on the constructed stratum point set and topology data.

[0086] This process generates 3D stratigraphic points and establishes their association with "drill point numbers" and "soil segment numbers," creating a crucial topological network that solves the problem of separating geometric models and attribute information in traditional modeling operations. Furthermore, through stratigraphic grouping and spatial interpolation, an independent interface surface is generated for each stratigraphic layer, overcoming the inefficiency of manual drawing. Because a topographic surface is generated for each main geological layer and sublayer as the stratigraphic boundary surface, subsequent geological models can naturally express complex geological phenomena such as pinch-outs, lenses, and fault faulting between strata.

[0087] S104: The discrete point set is processed by a preset convex hull scanning strategy and a preset stretching strategy to obtain a geological matrix model. The geological matrix model is then segmented according to the stratigraphic interface to obtain a three-dimensional geological model.

[0088] After obtaining the stratigraphic interfaces through the above process, in order to segment the geological matrix into individual stratigraphic entities, the embodiments of this specification will use a preset convex hull scanning strategy and a preset stretching strategy to process the discrete point set to obtain a geological matrix model. Then, based on the stratigraphic interfaces, the geological matrix model will be segmented to obtain a three-dimensional geological model. Specifically, in one or more embodiments of this specification, the process of using a preset convex hull scanning strategy and a preset stretching strategy to process the discrete point set to obtain the geological matrix model includes the following steps:

[0089] The elevation distribution entropy of the discrete point set is obtained, and then adaptive dimensionality reduction is performed on the discrete point set based on the elevation distribution entropy to obtain the corresponding two-dimensional discrete point set. The two-dimensional discrete point set is then processed according to a preset convex hull scanning strategy to obtain the corresponding two-dimensional discrete point set. Figure 9 The convex hull is shown in the figure; the preset convex hull scanning strategy is GiftWrapping. Then, the geological matrix contour is obtained by connecting the convex hull point set, and the highest and lowest borehole point positions are determined by traversing this discrete point set. Based on the highest and lowest borehole point positions, the starting and ending heights of the stretching are determined, so that the geological matrix contour can be stretched vertically according to the starting and ending heights to obtain the following... Figure 10 Geological matrix model.

[0090] The above process, based on adaptive dimensionality reduction using elevation distribution entropy, dynamically adjusts the dimensionality reduction method according to the elevation distribution characteristics of the discrete point set. This achieves efficient dimensionality reduction while preserving key terrain or geological features, avoiding feature loss or redundancy that may occur with traditional fixed dimensionality reduction methods. This provides accurate two-dimensional foundational data for subsequent convex hull construction. The geological matrix contour formed by connecting the convex hull point sets exhibits strict geometric closure and boundary integrity, ensuring consistency between the outer boundary of the geological matrix model and the actual discrete point distribution, providing a reliable spatial framework for subsequent stretching operations. By traversing the discrete point set to determine the positions of the highest and lowest borehole points, and using these as the starting and ending heights for stretching, the stretching range can adaptively match the vertical distribution range of the actual geological data. This avoids deviations caused by manually setting heights, ensuring the scale accuracy of the geological matrix model in the vertical direction and better reflecting the spatial extension characteristics of actual geological bodies.

[0091] Specifically, in one or more embodiments of this specification, the geological matrix model is segmented according to the stratigraphic interface to obtain a three-dimensional geological model, specifically including:

[0092] Based on the stratigraphic sequence corresponding to the stratigraphic interfaces, Boolean difference operations are performed sequentially between each stratigraphic interface and the geological matrix model to segment the geological matrix model into multiple stratigraphic entities. Then, stratigraphic attribute labels are added to each stratigraphic entity based on the topological data. Finally, the stratigraphic entities with added attribute labels are assembled based on their spatial locations to obtain three-dimensional geological model data. That is, as follows... Figure 11 The diagram shows the Boolean segmentation of the geological matrix using stratigraphic surfaces, segmenting each stratigraphic layer. Then, based on the topological data, the segmented model is labeled with the corresponding stratigraphic layer. The resulting stratigraphic model set after all stratigraphic segments are completed is shown below. Figure 12 The entire three-dimensional geological model shown.

[0093] In a certain application scenario described in this manual, complex geology contains irregularly shaped geological bodies, such as magma intrusions, veins, and fault fractures, referred to as lenticular bodies. Their complexity stems from their irregular shapes and locations, ambiguous boundary conditions, and multi-scale characteristics. For representing geological lenses, a discrete mesh, such as a quadtree or octree, can be used to partition the space, forming spatial entities of the lenses. Before creating the stratigraphic model, the lenticular space within the geological matrix is ​​eliminated to ensure that the stratigraphic model accurately represents the distribution of geological lenses and the spatial distribution of stratigraphy.

[0094] S105: The modeling data corresponding to the three-dimensional terrain mesh model or the three-dimensional geological model is transmitted to the browser via the application server so that the browser can render and display it.

[0095] To address the issue of current 3D geological models lacking intuitive interactive operations and relying on complex commands or scripts, and the visualization effects being overly focused on technical presentation, such as… Figure 3 As shown in the embodiments of this specification, the modeling data corresponding to the 3D terrain mesh model or 3D geological model is transmitted from the application server to the browser for rendering and display. Specifically, if the current modeling type is terrain modeling, the modeling data of the 3D terrain mesh model is transmitted from the application server to the browser for rendering and display. Similarly, if the current modeling type is geological modeling, the modeling data of the 3D geological mesh model is transmitted from the application server to the browser for rendering and display. The browser uses the AngularJS framework to implement the page element UI; the Three.js library is used as the 3D model rendering engine to support 3D model scene operations; and RxJS provides mouse event capture, cross-domain communication, and other functions.

[0096] like Figure 13 As shown in the diagram, this specification provides a structural schematic of a CAD-based three-dimensional terrain and geological modeling device. Figure 13 As can be seen from one or more embodiments of this specification, a CAD-based three-dimensional terrain and geological modeling device includes:

[0097] At least one processor; and,

[0098] A memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein,

[0099] The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform any of the methods described above.

[0100] like Figure 14 As shown in the diagram, this specification provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a non-volatile storage medium. Figure 14 As can be seen, in one or more embodiments of this specification, a non-volatile storage medium stores computer-executable instructions 1401, which are capable of executing any of the methods described above.

[0101] The various embodiments in this application are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, the embodiments of apparatus, devices, and non-volatile computer storage media are basically similar to the method embodiments, so the descriptions are relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions of the method embodiments.

[0102] The foregoing has described specific embodiments of this application. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims may be performed in a different order than that shown in the embodiments and may still achieve the desired results. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require the specific or sequential order shown to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0103] The above description is merely one or more embodiments of this application and is not intended to limit this application. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and variations can be made to one or more embodiments of this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principle of one or more embodiments of this application should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A CAD-based method for modeling three-dimensional terrain and geological models, characterized in that, The method includes: The modeling server acquires multi-source heterogeneous data corresponding to the current modeling type and performs preprocessing to obtain discrete point sets corresponding to each current modeling type; wherein, the current modeling type includes: terrain modeling type and geological modeling type; If the current modeling type is determined to be a terrain modeling type, then the discrete point set is dimensionality reduced to obtain triangular patches, and the two-dimensional discrete point set corresponding to the triangular patches is dimensionality increased to obtain a three-dimensional terrain mesh model. If the current modeling type is determined to be a geological modeling type, then the discrete point set is subjected to dimensionality reduction analysis to generate stratigraphic interfaces; The discrete point set is processed by a preset convex hull scanning strategy and a preset stretching strategy to obtain a geological matrix model. The geological matrix model is then segmented into strata according to the stratigraphic interfaces to obtain a three-dimensional geological model. The modeling data corresponding to the three-dimensional terrain mesh model or the three-dimensional geological model is transmitted from the application server to the browser so that the browser can render and display it. Specifically, the dimensionality reduction analysis of the discrete point set to generate the stratigraphic interface includes: The discrete point set is subjected to dimensionality reduction analysis to obtain the basic information corresponding to each borehole point in the two-dimensional discrete point set; wherein, the basic information includes: borehole point number, soil section number, stratum depth, and borehole point coordinates; Three-dimensional stratum points are generated based on the borehole point coordinates and the stratum depth to construct topological data between the three-dimensional stratum points, the borehole point numbers, and the soil segment numbers; Based on the topological data and the three-dimensional stratigraphic points, determine the set of three-dimensional stratigraphic points corresponding to the same soil segment number; Spatial interpolation is performed on each of the three-dimensional stratigraphic point sets to obtain the three-dimensional surface corresponding to each of the three-dimensional stratigraphic point sets as the stratigraphic interface; wherein each of the three-dimensional surfaces corresponds to a geological main layer or a geological sublayer; The discrete point set is processed using a preset convex hull scanning strategy and a preset stretching strategy to obtain a geological matrix model, specifically including: Obtain the elevation distribution entropy of the discrete point set, and perform adaptive dimensionality reduction processing on the discrete point set based on the elevation distribution entropy to obtain the two-dimensional discrete point set corresponding to the discrete point set; The two-dimensional discrete point set is processed based on a preset convex hull scanning strategy to obtain the convex hull corresponding to the two-dimensional discrete point set; wherein, the preset convex hull scanning strategy is the GiftWrapping strategy. The geological matrix outline is obtained by connecting the convex hull point set, and the positions of the highest and lowest borehole points are determined by traversing the discrete point set. The starting and ending heights of the stretching are determined based on the highest and lowest borehole locations, and the geological matrix contour is stretched vertically according to the starting and ending heights to obtain a geological matrix model.

2. The method for modeling a three-dimensional terrain and geological model based on CAD according to claim 1, characterized in that, Preprocessing the multi-source heterogeneous data corresponding to the current modeling type to obtain the discrete point set corresponding to each current modeling type, specifically including: A multi-source data conversion tool based on a pre-built ETL framework is used to convert initial multi-source heterogeneous data to obtain multi-source heterogeneous data corresponding to the current modeling type; wherein, the multi-source heterogeneous data includes: point sets and contour lines; If the multi-source heterogeneous data is determined to be a point set, the coordinates of each data point in the point set are sorted to filter out duplicate data points in the point set, thereby obtaining the discrete point set corresponding to the current modeling type; wherein, the duplicate data points are those with repeated horizontal and / or vertical coordinates. If the multi-source heterogeneous data is determined to be contour lines, then data points are collected on the contour lines to obtain an initial point set; The coordinates of each data point in the initial point set are sorted to filter out duplicate data points in the initial point set, thereby obtaining the discrete point set corresponding to the current modeling type.

3. The method for modeling a three-dimensional terrain and geological model based on CAD according to claim 1, characterized in that, The discrete point set is dimensionality-reduced to obtain triangular facets, and the corresponding two-dimensional discrete point set is then dimensionality-increasing to obtain a three-dimensional terrain mesh model. Specifically, this includes: Obtain the elevation distribution entropy of the discrete point set, and perform adaptive dimensionality reduction processing on the discrete point set based on the elevation distribution entropy to obtain the two-dimensional discrete point set corresponding to the discrete point set; The two-dimensional discrete point set is processed based on a preset convex hull scanning strategy to obtain the convex hull corresponding to the two-dimensional discrete point set; wherein, the preset convex hull scanning strategy is the GiftWrapping strategy. The convex hull and the two-dimensional discrete point set are triangulated according to a preset triangulation strategy to obtain the vertices of the two-dimensional planar triangles and their indices, and to obtain the hierarchical relationship corresponding to the triangulation; wherein, the hierarchical relationship includes: the topological connection relationship between triangles and the operation relationship corresponding to the triangle construction process; Determine the vertical coordinates of the discrete point set corresponding to each vertex of a two-dimensional plane triangle, and then increase the dimension of the vertices of the two-dimensional plane triangle based on the vertical coordinates to obtain the vertices of a three-dimensional triangle. The current model mesh accuracy is determined based on the hierarchical relationship corresponding to the triangulation. Under the current model mesh accuracy, a three-dimensional terrain mesh model is constructed based on the coordinates of the vertices of the three-dimensional triangles and the index of each vertex.

4. The CAD-based three-dimensional terrain and geological modeling method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The convex hull and the two-dimensional discrete point set are triangulated according to a preset triangulation strategy to obtain the vertices of the two-dimensional planar triangles and their indices. Specifically, this includes: Obtain the convex hull boundary corresponding to each vertex of the convex hull, and perform initial triangulation based on the line connecting any point of the convex hull boundary to a non-adjacent vertex to obtain the boundary triangle; Based on the convex hull boundary and the two-dimensional discrete point set, determine the internal two-dimensional discrete point set located inside the convex hull, and assign vertex numbers to each discrete point in the internal two-dimensional discrete point set. Based on the assigned vertex numbers, the internal two-dimensional discrete point set is inserted into the boundary triangle in sequence. Based on the preset triangulation strategy, the inserted internal two-dimensional discrete point set is triangulated to obtain the vertices of the two-dimensional plane triangle and their respective vertex numbers.

5. The method for modeling a three-dimensional terrain and geological model based on CAD according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the stratigraphic interfaces, the geological matrix model is stratigraphically segmented to obtain a three-dimensional geological model, specifically including: Based on the stratigraphic sequence corresponding to the stratigraphic interface, Boolean difference operations are performed sequentially between each stratigraphic interface and the geological matrix model to segment the geological matrix model into multiple stratigraphic entities. Based on the topological data, stratigraphic attribute labels are added to each stratigraphic entity, and the stratigraphic entities with added stratigraphic attribute labels are assembled based on their corresponding spatial locations to obtain three-dimensional geological model data.

6. The method for modeling a three-dimensional terrain and geological model based on CAD according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before acquiring and preprocessing the multi-source heterogeneous data corresponding to the current modeling type to obtain the discrete point sets corresponding to each of the current modeling types, the method further includes... The application server receives a modeling script created by parsing a modeling command stream; wherein the modeling command stream is generated by the browser processing the current user's modeling request to obtain modeling parameters. The current modeling type is determined based on the modeling sub-command class corresponding to the modeling script; wherein, the modeling sub-command class includes: terrain modeling sub-command and geological modeling sub-command.

7. A CAD-based three-dimensional terrain and geological modeling device, characterized in that, The device includes: At least one processor; and, A memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the method described in any one of claims 1-6.

8. A non-volatile storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, characterized in that, The computer-executable instructions are capable of performing the method described in any one of claims 1-6.

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