Self-adaptive pressure sore prevention supporting device based on pressure feedback

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical auxiliary equipment, in particular to a self-adaptive pressure sore prevention supporting device based on pressure feedback. According to the technical scheme, the self-adaptive pressure sore prevention supporting device based on pressure feedback comprises a supporting device body, an adjusting mechanism, an adjusting type supporting plate, an air bag assembly, a pressure sensing assembly, a supporting bracket, a control table, an alarm assembly and an air pump, the adjusting mechanism is arranged on the surface of the supporting device body, and the adjusting type supporting plate covers the surface of the adjusting mechanism; an air bag assembly is arranged on the surface of the adjustable supporting plate, a pressure sensing assembly is arranged in the air bag assembly, and a supporting bracket is arranged on the bottom face of the supporting device body. The pressure monitoring and distribution analysis module is arranged, the flexible film pressure sensor array adopts a piezoresistive sensing unit and temperature compensation film composite structure, full-contact-surface continuous pressure collection is achieved, preventive pressure dispersion is achieved through the intelligent deformation execution module, and shear force damage caused by response delay of a traditional device is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical assistive device technology, and in particular to an adaptive pressure ulcer support device based on pressure feedback. Background Technology

[0002] Pressure ulcer support devices are medical devices specifically designed to prevent pressure ulcers caused by prolonged pressure on local tissues in patients who are bedridden or sitting for long periods.

[0003] Existing pressure ulcer support devices mostly use single-point pressure sensors or rigid pressure matrices, which can only acquire discrete pressure values ​​and have a low data refresh rate. They cannot capture the dynamic migration of pressure caused by minute changes in body position in real time. The process of pressure center shifting in the sacrum and coccyx when the patient turns over may be blurred, resulting in system response delay. In addition, traditional devices lack the ability to model the three-dimensional pressure distribution and can only achieve passive intervention through threshold alarms, and cannot quantitatively assess the risk of damage to deep tissues caused by pressure gradients.

[0004] Existing pressure ulcer support devices often employ single-point pressure sensors or rigid pressure matrices, which can only acquire discrete pressure values ​​with low data refresh rates. They cannot capture the dynamic pressure shifts caused by subtle changes in body position in real time. The shift of the pressure center in the sacrum and coccyx during patient turning may be obscured, leading to system response delays. Furthermore, traditional devices lack three-dimensional pressure distribution modeling capabilities, relying solely on threshold alarms for passive intervention, failing to quantitatively assess the risk of pressure gradient damage to deep tissues. This solution addresses this issue by incorporating a pressure monitoring and distribution analysis module. The flexible thin-film pressure sensor array utilizes a composite structure of piezoresistive sensing units and a temperature-compensated membrane, achieving continuous pressure monitoring across the entire contact surface. Pressure acquisition, combined with an analog-to-digital converter in a multimodal signal conditioning circuit, increases the data refresh rate to 200Hz, enabling precise capture of 0.1mm displacement of the pressure center in the sacrum and coccyx when the patient turns over. The pressure distribution reconstruction processor, equipped with an FPGA chip, uses a three-dimensional interpolation algorithm to construct a pressure field topology model, breaking through the threshold alarm limitations of traditional devices. By calculating the pressure gradient vector field, it quantifies and assesses the degree of stress concentration in subcutaneous tissue, giving it the ability to track the dynamic migration trajectory of pressure. When the patient's position changes, it can predict the pressure transmission path 0.5 seconds in advance and achieve preventive pressure dispersion through an intelligent deformation execution module, avoiding shear force damage caused by response delays in traditional devices. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the limitations of existing pressure ulcer support devices, which mostly employ single-point pressure sensors or rigid pressure matrices, only discrete pressure values ​​can be obtained with low data refresh rates. These devices cannot capture the dynamic pressure migration caused by minute changes in body position in real time. The process of pressure center shifting in the sacrum and coccyx when the patient turns over may be blurred, leading to system response delays. In addition, traditional devices lack the ability to model pressure distribution in three dimensions and can only achieve passive intervention through threshold alarms, failing to quantitatively assess the risk of damage to deep tissues caused by pressure gradients.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: an adaptive pressure ulcer prevention support device based on pressure feedback, comprising a support device body, an adjustment mechanism, an adjustable support plate, an airbag assembly, a pressure-sensing assembly, a support bracket, a control console, an alarm assembly, and an air pump. The surface of the support device body is provided with an adjustment mechanism, the surface of the adjustment mechanism is covered with an adjustable support plate, the surface of the adjustable support plate is provided with an airbag assembly, the inside of the airbag assembly is provided with a pressure-sensing assembly, the bottom surface of the support device body is provided with a support bracket, a control console is provided on one side of the support device body, an alarm assembly is provided on one side of the control console, and an air pump is provided on one side of the support device body, the air pump being connected to the airbag assembly.

[0007] Preferably, the adjustable support plate is dynamically adjusted by an adjustment mechanism to fit the patient's lying position. The airbag assembly is installed on the adjustable support plate. The airbag assembly provides precise pressure relief based on the pressure distribution of different parts of the patient's body. The pressure-sensing component monitors the pressure distribution of different parts of the patient's body in real time. The support bracket supports the main body of the support device. The entire device is controlled by a control console. An alarm component ensures that alarm information is received in a timely manner. The air pump adjusts the pressure of the airbag assembly in real time.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the pressure feedback-based adaptive pressure ulcer support device also includes the following modules: Pressure monitoring and distribution analysis module: used to collect real-time pressure data on the patient's body surface, construct a three-dimensional pressure distribution model, and identify high-risk pressure ulcer areas; Intelligent deformation execution module: used to dynamically adjust the shape of the support surface based on pressure data, and to perform pressure distribution and microenvironment control; Biomechanical modeling and prediction module: used to build personalized human body-support surface interaction models to predict the risk of pressure ulcers; Adaptive control and feedback module: used for multimodal control closed loop to optimize the dynamic response of the support device; Energy Management and Safety Assurance Module: Used to ensure continuous and stable operation of the device and provide multiple safety protections; Cleaning and maintenance auxiliary module: Used to simplify daily maintenance of the device and ensure hygiene and safety.

[0009] As a preferred option, the pressure monitoring and distribution analysis module includes: A11: Flexible thin-film pressure sensor array unit, including a piezoresistive sensor, a temperature compensation membrane, and a flexible circuit board; A12: Multimodal signal conditioning circuit unit, including low-noise amplifier, analog-to-digital converter and electromagnetic shielding layer; A13: Pressure distribution reconfiguration processor unit, including FPGA chip, DDR4 memory module and encryption chip.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the intelligent deformation execution module includes: A21: Distributed pneumatic control unit, including a miniature oil-free air pump, an electromagnetic proportional valve array, and a honeycomb airbag matrix; A22: Shape memory alloy drive unit, including NiTi alloy wire bundle, pulse current controller and position feedback sensor; A23: Microenvironment control unit, including a semiconductor cooling chip, a humidity sensor, and a microporous breathable membrane.

[0011] Preferably, the intelligent deformation execution module includes the following steps when it is working: S11: Receive three-dimensional pressure distribution data from the pressure monitoring module, parse the pressure value, coordinate position and timestamp information of each sensor node, and generate an initial pressure matrix; S12: Based on the pressure threshold database, compare the pressure values ​​of each node in the pressure matrix, mark areas exceeding the safety threshold as high-risk pressure ulcer areas, and mark areas below the threshold but under continuous pressure as potential risk areas; S13: Based on the risk level distribution and combined with patient body size data, generate a support surface deformation strategy, including airbag pressure adjustment target value, shape memory alloy driving path and microenvironment control parameters. S14: Start the miniature oil-free air pump, and deliver gas to the designated airbag chambers through the electromagnetic proportional valve array. Precisely control the pressure value of each chamber to achieve local lifting or sinking of the support surface and disperse the pressure in high-risk areas. S15: For areas where a pressure gradient still exists after pneumatic adjustment, current is applied to the NiTi alloy wire bundle through a pulse current controller to trigger alloy phase transformation, drive micron-level deformation of the support surface, and optimize the fit of the human body contact surface. S16: Based on humidity sensor data, activate semiconductor cooling chip to regulate support surface temperature, control air circulation through microporous breathable membrane, maintain contact surface humidity within 40%-60%RH range, and inhibit bacterial growth. S17: The pressure data after deformation is re-acquired by the pressure-sensing component, compared with the target pressure matrix, and the deformation error is calculated. If the error exceeds 5%, a secondary adjustment cycle is triggered until the pressure distribution meets the safety standard. S18: Automatically performs a full-area pressure scan every 15 minutes, dynamically adjusting the airbag pressure and support surface shape to avoid pressure concentration caused by minor adjustments in the patient's position.

[0012] As a preferred option, the biomechanical modeling and prediction module includes: A31: 3D scanning and reconstruction unit, including structured light projection module, depth camera and pose estimation chip; A32: Finite element analysis unit, including GPU accelerator card, material database and contact algorithm module; A33: Risk assessment unit, including pressure ulcer prediction model, threshold database and visualization interface.

[0013] Preferably, the biomechanical modeling and prediction module includes the following steps when performing its function: S21: Activate the structured light projection module to project an coded grating onto the patient's body surface. Capture the image of the deformed grating through the depth camera, and combine it with the pose estimation chip to obtain the coordinates of the human body's joints and reconstruct a three-dimensional contour model. S22: Extract key body posture parameters from the 3D model, including spinal curvature, limb angles and weight distribution ratio, to generate personalized body posture feature vectors; S23: Based on the patient's age, gender, and BMI information, retrieve the corresponding human tissue biomechanical parameters from the materials database; S24: Import the 3D contour model into the finite element analysis engine, divide the mesh elements, assign material parameters, establish a human body-support surface interaction model, and simulate body pressure distribution and tissue stress and strain. S25: Combine real-time pressure data to calculate the pressure-time integral value of each tissue unit and assess the risk of tissue damage caused by long-term pressure. S26: Input the PTI value and body shape feature vector into the pressure ulcer prediction model, combine it with clinical data thresholds, and output the probability of pressure ulcer occurrence and coordinates of high-risk sites in the next 24 hours; S27: Map the risk prediction results to a 3D human body model to generate a pressure ulcer risk heat map, which is displayed through a console visualization interface. High-risk areas are marked with red warnings, and medium-risk areas are marked with yellow. S28: Based on the risk level and location, automatically generate prevention strategy suggestions, including suggested postural adjustment frequency, key support areas, and microenvironment control parameters, and broadcast them to medical staff through the voice interaction module.

[0014] Preferably, the adaptive control and feedback module includes: A41: Main control chip unit, including ARM Cortex-A72 processor, digital signal processor and security monitoring microcontroller; A42: Multi-source information fusion unit, including Kalman filter, decision tree algorithm and adaptive threshold regulator; A43: Human-computer interaction unit, including flexible electronic skin, voice interaction module and emergency stop button.

[0015] As a preferred option, the energy management and security module includes: A51: Power supply unit, including lithium iron phosphate battery pack, solar charging panel and supercapacitor; A52: Safety monitoring unit, including insulation monitor, overvoltage protection circuit and tilt sensor; A53: Data backup and recovery unit, including ferroelectric memory, wireless transmission module and manual reset switch.

[0016] As a preferred option, the cleaning and maintenance auxiliary module includes: A61: Automatic cleaning unit, including a miniature peristaltic pump, a spray nozzle array, and a UV lamp; A62: Dirt detection unit, including infrared reflection sensor, odor sensor and warning light strip; A63: Easy-to-install unit, including magnetic interface, waterproof connector and consumable identification chip.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. Compared to existing pressure ulcer support devices, which mostly use single-point pressure sensors or rigid pressure matrices, only discrete pressure values ​​can be obtained with low data refresh rates. They cannot capture the dynamic pressure shift caused by minute changes in body position in real time. The shift of the pressure center in the sacrum and coccyx during patient turning may be blurred, leading to system response delays. Furthermore, traditional devices lack the ability to model pressure distribution in three dimensions, relying only on threshold alarms for passive intervention, and cannot quantitatively assess the risk of pressure gradient damage to deep tissues. This solution, by setting up a pressure monitoring and distribution analysis module, utilizes a flexible thin-film pressure sensor array with a piezoresistive sensing unit and a temperature-compensated membrane composite structure to achieve full-contact surface connection. Continuing pressure acquisition, and in conjunction with the analog-to-digital converter in the multimodal signal conditioning circuit, the data refresh rate is increased to 200Hz, which can accurately capture the 0.1mm displacement of the pressure center of the sacrum and coccyx when the patient turns over. The pressure distribution reconstruction processor is equipped with an FPGA chip and uses a three-dimensional interpolation algorithm to construct a pressure field topology model, breaking through the threshold alarm limitation of traditional devices. By calculating the pressure gradient vector field, it quantifies and assesses the degree of stress concentration in subcutaneous tissue, enabling it to track the trajectory of dynamic pressure migration. When the patient's position changes, the pressure transmission path can be predicted 0.5 seconds in advance. The intelligent deformation execution module realizes preventive pressure dispersion, avoiding shear force damage caused by response delay in traditional devices. 2. Compared to existing pressure ulcer support devices, airbag adjustment systems often employ independent zone control, lacking a coordinated adjustment mechanism between airbag chambers. This can easily lead to pressure islands. When the patient's lower limbs are elevated, traditional devices may simultaneously and proportionally increase the pressure of all support airbags, causing secondary pressure concentration in the lumbar region. Furthermore, traditional devices lack integrated adaptive adjustment of the contact surface shape, failing to optimize the support surface curvature for specific body postures such as kyphosis or lateral decubitus positions, resulting in persistent localized pressure peaks. This solution addresses this by incorporating an intelligent deformation execution module, which works collaboratively with a distributed pneumatic adjustment unit and a shape memory alloy drive unit. The distributed pneumatic adjustment unit utilizes an electromagnetic proportional valve array. The system employs pressure coupling control of 64 independent airbag chambers and uses graph theory algorithms to establish an airbag pressure transmission network. When the lower limbs are raised, the system automatically reduces the pressure of adjacent airbags in the lumbar region through a pressure compensation algorithm, forming a pressure gradient transition zone and eliminating secondary pressure concentration. The shape memory alloy drive unit introduces a flexible drive skeleton composed of NiTi alloy wire bundles. Combined with real-time body posture data obtained by the posture estimation chip, it can generate a double curvature compensation surface for kyphosis, effectively improving the fit between the support surface and the physiological curvature of the spine. Through bidirectional optimization of the pressure field and the shape field, the local pressure peak is reduced to less than 40% of that of traditional devices, significantly improving the pressure distribution uniformity for patients with special body postures. 3. Compared to existing pressure ulcer support devices, which only have pressure over-limit alarm functions and lack the ability to predict the occurrence and development of pressure ulcers, this solution addresses the issue by setting up a biomechanical modeling and prediction module to construct a predictive prevention and control system. The traditional device cannot predict the accelerated deterioration trend of pressure ulcers in the heel caused by microcirculation disorders in diabetic foot patients, resulting in a serious lag in preventive intervention measures. The three-dimensional scanning and reconstruction unit acquires millimeter-precision human contour data through a structured light projection module. Combined with a material database containing 30 kinds of human tissue mechanical parameters in the finite element analysis unit, a personalized biomechanical model is established. This model can simulate the soft tissue stress distribution under different body positions, calculate the pressure-time integral value, and quantitatively assess the cumulative effect of tissue damage. The risk assessment unit is equipped with an LSTM neural network model that integrates the patient's basic disease data to establish a microcirculation disorder correction coefficient for diabetic foot patients, achieving an early warning of heel pressure ulcer risk 12 hours in advance. Through the prospective prediction of pressure field evolution, the advance of preventive intervention measures is increased, reducing the incidence of pressure ulcers, especially for high-risk groups, to achieve precise prevention and control. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a first three-dimensional structural schematic of the adaptive pressure ulcer support device based on pressure feedback according to the present invention. Figure 2The diagram shown is a second three-dimensional structural schematic of the adaptive pressure ulcer support device based on pressure feedback according to the present invention. Figure 3 The diagram shown is a third perspective view of the adaptive pressure ulcer support device based on pressure feedback according to the present invention. Figure 4 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the operational framework of the pressure feedback-based adaptive pressure ulcer support device of the present invention. Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Main body of the support device; 2. Adjustment mechanism; 3. Adjustable support plate; 4. Airbag assembly; 5. Pressure sensing assembly; 6. Support bracket; 7. Control console; 8. Alarm assembly; 9. Air pump. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] Please see Figure 1-3 This invention provides an embodiment of an adaptive pressure ulcer prevention support device based on pressure feedback, comprising a support device body 1, an adjustment mechanism 2, an adjustable support plate 3, an airbag assembly 4, a pressure-sensing assembly 5, a support bracket 6, a control console 7, an alarm assembly 8, and an air pump 9. The surface of the support device body 1 is provided with the adjustment mechanism 2, the surface of the adjustment mechanism 2 is covered with the adjustable support plate 3, the surface of the adjustable support plate 3 is provided with the airbag assembly 4, the interior of the airbag assembly 4 is provided with the pressure-sensing assembly 5, the bottom surface of the support device body 1 is provided with the support bracket 6, a control console 7 is provided on one side of the support device body 1, an alarm assembly 8 is provided on one side of the control console 7, and an air pump 9 is provided on one side of the support device body 1, the air pump 9 being connected to the airbag assembly 4.

[0021] The adjustable support plate 3 is dynamically adjusted by the adjustment mechanism 2 to fit the patient's lying position. The airbag assembly 4 is installed on the adjustable support plate 3. The airbag assembly 4 provides precise pressure relief according to the pressure distribution of different parts of the patient's body. The pressure sensor 5 monitors the pressure distribution of different parts of the patient's body in real time. The support bracket 6 supports the main body 1 of the support device. The control console 7 controls the entire device. The alarm component 8 ensures that alarm information is received in a timely manner. The air pump 9 adjusts the pressure of the airbag assembly 4 in real time.

[0022] Please see Figure 4 In this embodiment, the adaptive pressure ulcer support device based on pressure feedback further includes the following modules: Pressure monitoring and distribution analysis module: used to collect real-time pressure data on the patient's body surface, construct a three-dimensional pressure distribution model, and identify high-risk pressure ulcer areas; Intelligent deformation execution module: used to dynamically adjust the shape of the support surface based on pressure data, and to perform pressure distribution and microenvironment control; Biomechanical modeling and prediction module: used to build personalized human body-support surface interaction models to predict the risk of pressure ulcers; Adaptive control and feedback module: used for multimodal control closed loop to optimize the dynamic response of the support device; Energy Management and Safety Assurance Module: Used to ensure continuous and stable operation of the device and provide multiple safety protections; Cleaning and maintenance auxiliary module: Used to simplify daily maintenance of the device and ensure hygiene and safety.

[0023] As a preferred option, the pressure monitoring and distribution analysis module includes: A11: Flexible thin-film pressure sensor array unit, including piezoresistive sensor, temperature compensation membrane and flexible circuit board, used to collect body surface pressure data with high precision, build a three-dimensional distribution model and identify pressure ulcer risk areas; A12: Multimodal signal conditioning circuit unit, including low-noise amplifier, analog-to-digital converter and electromagnetic shielding layer, is used to amplify, filter, convert analog to digital and perform anti-interference processing on pressure signals to ensure data accuracy; A13: Pressure distribution reconstruction processor unit, including FPGA chip, DDR4 memory module and encryption chip, is used to analyze pressure data in real time, combine algorithms to generate pressure heat map, and dynamically assess the risk level of pressure sores.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment, the intelligent deformation execution module includes: A21: Distributed pneumatic regulation unit, including a miniature oil-free air pump, an electromagnetic proportional valve array and a honeycomb airbag matrix, is used to achieve dynamic adaptation of the support surface shape and disperse local pressure through independent airbag chamber pressure regulation; A22: Shape memory alloy drive unit, including NiTi alloy wire bundle, pulse current controller and position feedback sensor, is used to drive alloy deformation by temperature, fine adjust the curvature of the support surface and optimize the fit of the human body contact surface; A23: Microenvironment control unit, including a semiconductor cooling chip, a humidity sensor, and a microporous breathable membrane, is used to integrate temperature control and humidity regulation functions to maintain a dry and comfortable support surface and reduce the risk of skin moisture-related pressure sores.

[0025] Preferably, the intelligent deformation execution module includes the following steps when it is working: S11: Receive three-dimensional pressure distribution data from the pressure monitoring module, parse the pressure value, coordinate position and timestamp information of each sensor node, and generate an initial pressure matrix; S12: Based on the pressure threshold database, compare the pressure values ​​of each node in the pressure matrix, mark areas exceeding the safety threshold as high-risk pressure ulcer areas, and mark areas below the threshold but under continuous pressure as potential risk areas; S13: Based on the risk level distribution and combined with patient body size data, generate a support surface deformation strategy, including airbag pressure adjustment target value, shape memory alloy driving path and microenvironment control parameters. S14: Start the miniature oil-free air pump, and deliver gas to the designated airbag chambers through the electromagnetic proportional valve array. Precisely control the pressure value of each chamber to achieve local lifting or sinking of the support surface and disperse the pressure in high-risk areas. S15: For areas where a pressure gradient still exists after pneumatic adjustment, current is applied to the NiTi alloy wire bundle through a pulse current controller to trigger alloy phase transformation, drive micron-level deformation of the support surface, and optimize the fit of the human body contact surface. S16: Based on humidity sensor data, activate semiconductor cooling chip to regulate support surface temperature, control air circulation through microporous breathable membrane, maintain contact surface humidity within 40%-60%RH range, and inhibit bacterial growth. S17: The pressure data after deformation is re-acquired by the pressure-sensing component, compared with the target pressure matrix, and the deformation error is calculated. If the error exceeds 5%, a secondary adjustment cycle is triggered until the pressure distribution meets the safety standard. S18: Automatically performs a full-area pressure scan every 15 minutes, dynamically adjusting the airbag pressure and support surface shape to avoid pressure concentration caused by minor adjustments in the patient's position.

[0026] As a preferred option, the biomechanical modeling and prediction module includes: A31: 3D scanning and reconstruction unit, including structured light projection module, depth camera and pose estimation chip, used to acquire human contour and posture data, build personalized biomechanical models and simulate body pressure distribution; A32: Finite element analysis unit, including GPU accelerator card, material database and contact algorithm module, used to calculate tissue stress and strain based on model, predict the risk of damage to long-term pressure sites, and guide pressure redistribution; A33: Risk assessment unit, including pressure ulcer prediction model, threshold database and visualization interface, is used to integrate clinical data with real-time monitoring results, quantify the probability of pressure ulcer occurrence and trigger early warning mechanism.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment, the biomechanical modeling and prediction module includes the following steps when performing its function: S21: Activate the structured light projection module to project an coded grating onto the patient's body surface. Capture the image of the deformed grating through the depth camera, and combine it with the pose estimation chip to obtain the coordinates of the human body's joints and reconstruct a three-dimensional contour model. S22: Extract key body posture parameters from the 3D model, including spinal curvature, limb angles and weight distribution ratio, to generate personalized body posture feature vectors; S23: Based on the patient's age, gender, and BMI information, retrieve the corresponding human tissue biomechanical parameters from the materials database; S24: Import the 3D contour model into the finite element analysis engine, divide the mesh elements, assign material parameters, establish a human body-support surface interaction model, and simulate body pressure distribution and tissue stress and strain. S25: Combine real-time pressure data to calculate the pressure-time integral value of each tissue unit and assess the risk of tissue damage caused by long-term pressure. S26: Input the PTI value and body shape feature vector into the pressure ulcer prediction model, combine it with clinical data thresholds, and output the probability of pressure ulcer occurrence and coordinates of high-risk sites in the next 24 hours; S27: Map the risk prediction results to a 3D human body model to generate a pressure ulcer risk heat map, which is displayed through a console visualization interface. High-risk areas are marked with red warnings, and medium-risk areas are marked with yellow. S28: Based on the risk level and location, automatically generate prevention strategy suggestions, including suggested postural adjustment frequency, key support areas, and microenvironment control parameters, and broadcast them to medical staff through the voice interaction module.

[0028] Preferably, the adaptive control and feedback module includes: A41: The main control chip unit, including an ARM Cortex-A72 processor, a digital signal processor, and a safety monitoring microcontroller, is used to coordinate data interaction between multiple modules, execute pressure regulation algorithms, and realize intelligent dynamic response of the device. A42: Multi-source information fusion unit, including Kalman filter, decision tree algorithm and adaptive threshold regulator, is used to integrate pressure, temperature, humidity and user commands to optimize control strategy and improve regulation accuracy; A43: Human-computer interaction unit, including flexible electronic skin, voice interaction module and emergency stop button, is used to interact with the touch screen and voice, provide personalized settings and real-time status feedback, and enhance the ease of operation.

[0029] As a preferred option, the energy management and security module includes: A51: Power supply unit, including lithium iron phosphate battery pack, solar charging panel and supercapacitor, is used to adopt a dual power redundancy design, support fast charging and solar auxiliary power supply, and ensure the continuous and stable operation of the device; A52: Safety monitoring unit, including insulation monitor, overvoltage protection circuit and tilt sensor, used to monitor leakage current, overvoltage and device tilt in real time, trigger protection mechanism to ensure safe use; A53: Data backup and recovery unit, including ferroelectric memory, wireless transmission module and manual reset switch, is used to automatically back up key parameters and operation logs, and supports remote fault diagnosis and rapid system recovery.

[0030] As a preferred option, the cleaning and maintenance auxiliary module includes: A61: Automatic cleaning unit, including a miniature peristaltic pump, spray nozzle array and ultraviolet lamp, is used to integrate disinfectant spraying and ultraviolet sterilization functions, and start the automated cleaning process with one button; A62: Dirt detection unit, including an infrared reflection sensor, an odor sensor and a warning light strip, is used to identify bodily fluid leakage through infrared and odor sensors and promptly alert to cleaning and maintenance needs; A63: Easy-to-disassemble unit, including a magnetic interface, waterproof connector and consumable identification chip, designed to simplify consumable replacement and device cleaning procedures with the magnetic interface and waterproof connector.

[0031] Example 1 Background: Pressure ulcers are a common complication in the care of long-term bedridden patients. Traditional pressure ulcer prevention devices mostly use static support structures, which cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the patient's body position. Moreover, the pressure monitoring accuracy is low and the response is delayed, resulting in a pressure ulcer incidence rate as high as 18%-25%. This embodiment uses the rehabilitation department of a tertiary hospital as a pilot project to carry out a 30-day clinical application on patients with spinal cord injury (Braden score ≤12 points) to verify the effectiveness of the device in pressure distribution, risk prediction and personalized care. Implementation steps: S31: Obtain patient body posture data through a three-dimensional scanning unit and generate a biomechanical model by combining it with medical record information; S32: Install the device and calibrate the pressure-sensing components to ensure that the flexible thin-film pressure sensor array is fully in contact with the patient's contact surface; S33: Start the pressure monitoring module to collect pressure data of the entire contact surface at a frequency of 200Hz and build a three-dimensional pressure distribution model; S34: The intelligent deformation execution module identifies high-risk areas based on the model and reduces local pressure peaks through a distributed pneumatic adjustment unit; S35: Perform a full-body pressure scan every morning and adjust the finite element model parameters based on the patient's underlying disease data; S36: The risk assessment unit outputs the probability of pressure ulcer occurrence in the next 24 hours and displays a risk heatmap on the console; S37: Automatically generate nursing recommendations based on risk level, including hourly positional adjustments and keeping microenvironmental humidity below 50%RH in high-risk areas; S38: Preventive measures are broadcast to nursing staff via the voice interaction module and synchronized to the hospital nursing system; S39: Weekly ultrasound imaging was used to assess the subcutaneous blood oxygen saturation at the pressure site and to compare the changes in the pressure-time integral value. S310: Record the incidence of pressure ulcers, pain scores, and nursing workload.

[0032] Comparison table: index Existing technology This plan Improvement range Pressure monitoring accuracy ±5% FS ±1% FS Increase by 400% Response time ≥30 seconds ≤0.5 seconds shortened by 98% Incidence of pressure ulcers 18%-25% 3%-5% 73% reduction Nursing workload 12-15 body position adjustments per day Intelligent adjustment 4-6 times daily Reduce by 60% Microenvironment humidity control range No active regulation 40%-60%RH New features Predictive intervention lead time none 12-24 hours New features Summarize: Dynamic optimization of pressure field: Through continuous pressure monitoring and distributed deformation adjustment, the pressure islanding effect of traditional devices is eliminated, thereby improving the pressure uniformity of the contact surface.

[0033] Personalized risk prediction: By combining biomechanical models with patient health data, quantitative prediction of the occurrence and development of pressure ulcers can be achieved, increasing the lead time for intervention.

[0034] Closed-loop nursing ecosystem: Through the human-computer interaction unit and the hospital information system, a complete closed loop of "monitoring-early warning-execution-evaluation" is formed, which promotes the development of pressure ulcer care towards precision medicine.

[0035] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive pressure ulcer prevention support device based on pressure feedback; characterized in that: It includes a support device body (1), an adjustment mechanism (2), an adjustable support plate (3), an airbag assembly (4), a pressure sensing assembly (5), a support bracket (6), a control console (7), an alarm assembly (8), and an air pump (9). The surface of the support device body (1) is provided with an adjustment mechanism (2), the surface of the adjustment mechanism (2) is covered with an adjustable support plate (3), the surface of the adjustable support plate (3) is provided with an airbag assembly (4), the inside of the airbag assembly (4) is provided with a pressure sensing assembly (5), the bottom surface of the support device body (1) is provided with a support bracket (6), a control console (7) is provided on one side of the support device body (1), an alarm assembly (8) is provided on one side of the control console (7), and an air pump (9) is provided on one side of the support device body (1). The air pump (9) is connected to the airbag assembly (4).

2. The adaptive pressure ulcer support device based on pressure feedback according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes the following modules: Pressure monitoring and distribution analysis module: used to collect real-time pressure data on the patient's body surface, construct a three-dimensional pressure distribution model, and identify high-risk pressure ulcer areas; Intelligent deformation execution module: used to dynamically adjust the shape of the support surface based on pressure data, and to perform pressure distribution and microenvironment control; Biomechanical modeling and prediction module: used to build personalized human body-support surface interaction models to predict the risk of pressure ulcers; Adaptive control and feedback module: used for multimodal control closed loop to optimize the dynamic response of the support device; Energy Management and Safety Assurance Module: Used to ensure continuous and stable operation of the device and provide multiple safety protections; Cleaning and maintenance auxiliary module: Used to simplify daily maintenance of the device and ensure hygiene and safety.

3. The adaptive pressure ulcer support device based on pressure feedback according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressure monitoring and distribution analysis module includes: A11: Flexible thin-film pressure sensor array unit, including a piezoresistive sensor, a temperature compensation membrane, and a flexible circuit board; A12: Multimodal signal conditioning circuit unit, including low-noise amplifier, analog-to-digital converter and electromagnetic shielding layer; A13: Pressure distribution reconfiguration processor unit, including FPGA chip, DDR4 memory module and encryption chip.

4. The adaptive pressure ulcer support device based on pressure feedback according to claim 2, characterized in that: The intelligent deformation execution module includes: A21: Distributed pneumatic control unit, including a miniature oil-free air pump, an electromagnetic proportional valve array, and a honeycomb airbag matrix; A22: Shape memory alloy drive unit, including NiTi alloy wire bundle, pulse current controller and position feedback sensor; A23: Microenvironment control unit, including a semiconductor cooling chip, a humidity sensor, and a microporous breathable membrane.

5. The adaptive pressure ulcer support device based on pressure feedback according to claim 4, characterized in that: The intelligent deformation execution module, when operating, includes the following steps: S11: Receive three-dimensional pressure distribution data from the pressure monitoring module, parse the pressure value, coordinate position and timestamp information of each sensor node, and generate an initial pressure matrix; S12: Based on the pressure threshold database, compare the pressure values ​​of each node in the pressure matrix, mark areas exceeding the safety threshold as high-risk pressure ulcer areas, and mark areas below the threshold but under continuous pressure as potential risk areas; S13: Based on the risk level distribution and combined with patient body size data, generate a support surface deformation strategy, including airbag pressure adjustment target value, shape memory alloy driving path and microenvironment control parameters. S14: Start the miniature oil-free air pump, and deliver gas to the designated airbag chambers through the electromagnetic proportional valve array. Precisely control the pressure value of each chamber to achieve local lifting or sinking of the support surface and disperse the pressure in high-risk areas. S15: For areas where a pressure gradient still exists after pneumatic adjustment, current is applied to the NiTi alloy wire bundle through a pulse current controller to trigger alloy phase transformation, drive micron-level deformation of the support surface, and optimize the fit of the human body contact surface. S16: Based on humidity sensor data, activate semiconductor cooling chip to regulate support surface temperature, control air circulation through microporous breathable membrane, maintain contact surface humidity within 40%-60%RH range, and inhibit bacterial growth; S17: The pressure data after deformation is re-acquired by the pressure-sensing component, compared with the target pressure matrix, and the deformation error is calculated. If the error exceeds 5%, a secondary adjustment cycle is triggered until the pressure distribution meets the safety standard. S18: Automatically performs a full-area pressure scan every 15 minutes, dynamically adjusting the airbag pressure and support surface shape to avoid pressure concentration caused by minor adjustments in the patient's position.

6. The adaptive pressure ulcer support device based on pressure feedback according to claim 2, characterized in that: The biomechanical modeling and prediction module includes: A31: 3D scanning and reconstruction unit, including structured light projection module, depth camera and pose estimation chip; A32: Finite element analysis unit, including GPU accelerator card, material database and contact algorithm module; A33: Risk assessment unit, including pressure ulcer prediction model, threshold database and visualization interface.

7. The adaptive pressure ulcer support device based on pressure feedback according to claim 6, characterized in that: The biomechanical modeling and prediction module, when working, includes the following steps: S21: Activate the structured light projection module to project an coded grating onto the patient's body surface. Capture the image of the deformed grating through the depth camera, and combine it with the pose estimation chip to obtain the coordinates of the human body's joints and reconstruct a three-dimensional contour model. S22: Extract key body posture parameters from the 3D model, including spinal curvature, limb angles and weight distribution ratio, to generate personalized body posture feature vectors; S23: Based on the patient's age, gender, and BMI information, retrieve the corresponding human tissue biomechanical parameters from the materials database; S24: Import the 3D contour model into the finite element analysis engine, divide the mesh elements, assign material parameters, establish a human body-support surface interaction model, and simulate body pressure distribution and tissue stress and strain. S25: Combine real-time pressure data to calculate the pressure-time integral value of each tissue unit and assess the risk of tissue damage caused by long-term pressure. S26: Input the PTI value and body shape feature vector into the pressure ulcer prediction model, combine it with clinical data thresholds, and output the probability of pressure ulcer occurrence and coordinates of high-risk sites in the next 24 hours; S27: Map the risk prediction results to a 3D human body model to generate a pressure ulcer risk heat map, which is displayed through a console visualization interface. High-risk areas are marked with red warnings, and medium-risk areas are marked with yellow. S28: Based on the risk level and location, automatically generate prevention strategy suggestions, including suggested postural adjustment frequency, key support areas, and microenvironment control parameters, and broadcast them to medical staff through the voice interaction module.

8. The adaptive pressure ulcer support device based on pressure feedback according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adaptive control and feedback module includes: A41: Main control chip unit, including ARM Cortex-A72 processor, digital signal processor and security monitoring microcontroller; A42: Multi-source information fusion unit, including Kalman filter, decision tree algorithm and adaptive threshold regulator; A43: Human-computer interaction unit, including flexible electronic skin, voice interaction module and emergency stop button.

9. The adaptive pressure ulcer support device based on pressure feedback according to claim 2, characterized in that: The energy management and security module includes: A51: Power supply unit, including lithium iron phosphate battery pack, solar charging panel and supercapacitor; A52: Safety monitoring unit, including insulation monitor, overvoltage protection circuit and tilt sensor; A53: Data backup and recovery unit, including ferroelectric memory, wireless transmission module and manual reset switch.

10. The adaptive pressure ulcer support device based on pressure feedback according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cleaning and maintenance auxiliary module includes: A61: Automatic cleaning unit, including a miniature peristaltic pump, a spray nozzle array, and a UV lamp; A62: Dirt detection unit, including infrared reflection sensor, odor sensor and warning light strip; A63: Easy-to-install unit, including magnetic interface, waterproof connector and consumable identification chip.

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