Tokamak rupture escape electron real-time control method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a tokamak rupture escape electron real-time control method and system. The method comprises the steps that S1, real-time data monitoring of plasma operation is carried out; s2, on the basis of the monitoring data in the step S1, identification and prediction of the operation state of the plasma are completed; s3, when plasma rupture is identified or predicted in the step S2, emitting a strong magnetic disturbance field and / or injecting gasified tungsten to the plasma, dissipating rupture escape electrons, if generation of the rupture escape electrons is successfully avoided, completing the task, and if generation of the rupture escape electrons is not successfully avoided, entering S4; s4, the plasma is pushed to impact the first wall of the strong field side of the device, if the escape electrons are successfully eliminated, the task is completed, and if the generation of the broken escape electrons is not successfully eliminated, the step S5 is executed; and S5, injecting deuterium into the plasma core part to freeze and crush the projectile, relieving rupture escape electrons, and completing the task. Therefore, the damage to the tokamak fusion device caused by the broken escape electrons is avoided and relieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of magnetically confined controlled nuclear fusion, and in particular relates to a real-time control method and system for escaped electrons from a tokamak fracture. Background Technology

[0002] Due to the inherent characteristics of tokamak devices, plasma disruption during discharge is an unavoidable phenomenon. During disruption, the plasma current rapidly decays, inducing a very high circumferential electric field. Under the acceleration of this strong electric field, a large number of high-energy (up to hundreds of megaelectron volts) escape electrons are easily generated, forming a highly destructive escape electron beam in the plasma core. This escape electron beam locally bombards the device's first wall, subjecting the wall material to an immense thermal load instantaneously, potentially causing components to melt and blister, posing a fatal threat to the safe operation of the fusion device.

[0003] As the size and plasma parameters of tokamak devices increase, the destructive power of plasma break-out escape electrons increases dramatically. For large tokamak fusion reactors, a single uncontrolled bombardment of break-out escape electrons can cause severe damage to the fusion reactor.

[0004] The current electronic control of tokamak breakage escape mainly adopts threshold triggering, that is, when one or several plasma parameters reach the set threshold, the electronic control system for breakage escape is activated. There are two main problems: (1) poor control effect, each task can only implement one function, that is, the breakage escape electron generates avoidance or mitigation, which is not real-time; (2) low success rate, plasma breakage is a very complex process, and there are many reasons for its breakage. Taking only one or several plasma parameters cannot cover all operating conditions.

[0005] To address the problems existing in the current electronic control of tokamak rupture escape, this invention deeply integrates technologies such as rupture early warning, rupture escape electronic avoidance and mitigation, and real-time control to achieve real-time identification and control of tokamak rupture escape electronic, thus solving the problems existing in the current real-time control of tokamak rupture escape electronic. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this application is to overcome the problems of the prior art by disclosing a real-time control method and system for tokamak fracture escape electrons, thereby realizing real-time control of tokamak fracture escape electrons and being able to avoid and mitigate the damage of fracture escape electrons to the tokamak fusion device in real time.

[0007] On the one hand, the objective of this application is achieved through the following technical solution: A real-time electronic control method for tokamak fracture escape, the method comprising: S1: Real-time data monitoring of plasma operation; S2: Based on the monitoring data from step S1, identify and predict the operating status of the plasma; S3: When step S2 identifies or predicts plasma breakup, a strong magnetic disturbance field is emitted into the plasma and / or vaporized tungsten is injected to dissipate the breakup escape electrons. If the generation of breakup escape electrons is successfully avoided, the task is completed. If the generation of breakup escape electrons is not successfully avoided, proceed to S4. S4: Push the plasma to impact the first wall of the strong field side of the device. If the escape electrons are successfully eliminated, the mission is completed. If the escape electrons generated by the fracture are not successfully eliminated, proceed to S5. S5: Inject deuterium-freezing fragmentation projectiles into the plasma core to mitigate the escape of electrons during the fracture, thus completing this mission.

[0008] According to a preferred embodiment, step S1 includes: performing escape electron measurement, magnetohydrodynamic instability measurement, electron cyclotron radiation measurement, plasma current measurement, plasma circumferential electric field measurement, electron temperature profile measurement, and plasma radiation measurement.

[0009] According to a preferred embodiment, in step S1, the response time for real-time data monitoring of plasma operation is less than 0.1 ms.

[0010] According to a preferred embodiment, in step S2, the artificial intelligence algorithm used to identify and predict the operating state of the plasma is obtained through big data training, with a success rate of over 99% and a response time of less than 1ms.

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment, in step S3, the perturbation intensity of the strong magnetic disturbance field is >100 Gauss; the injection amount of vaporized tungsten is 0.1‰ of the background plasma.

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment, in step S4, the poloidal coil current is controlled by the soft landing system (6) to push the plasma impact device on the strong field side of the first wall.

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment, in step S5, the amount of frozen deuterium pellets injected into the plasma core is 10-20 times the amount of plasma.

[0014] On the other hand, this application also discloses: A real-time electronic control system for tokamak fracture escape, wherein the real-time electronic control system for tokamak fracture escape employs the aforementioned method for real-time electronic control of tokamak fracture escape, and the real-time electronic control system for tokamak fracture escape includes: The system includes a real-time plasma monitoring system, a plasma rupture early warning system, a central discharge control system, a magnetic disturbance system, an impurity injection system, a soft landing system, a fragmentation projectile injection system, and a discharge termination system. The plasma real-time monitoring system, the plasma rupture early warning system, and the discharge central control system work together to achieve automatic identification and command activation of plasma rupture early warning. Subsequently, the magnetic disturbance system, impurity injection system, soft landing system, fragmentation projectile injection system, and discharge termination system work together to avoid and mitigate the escape of ruptured electrons.

[0015] According to a preferred embodiment, the plasma real-time monitoring system is configured to perform real-time data monitoring of plasma operation and transmit the corresponding monitoring data to the plasma rupture early warning system; The plasma rupture early warning system is configured to identify and predict the operating status of the plasma and send the rupture early warning signal to the discharge central control system.

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment, the discharge central control system is configured to activate the magnetic disturbance system and the impurity injection system based on the rupture warning signal reported by the plasma rupture warning system; if the magnetic disturbance system and / or the impurity injection system successfully prevent the generation of rupture escape electrons, it sends a mission termination signal to the discharge termination system; if it fails to prevent the generation of rupture escape electrons, it activates the soft landing system. The soft landing system is configured to drive the plasma to impact the first wall of the strong field side of the device by controlling the current of the poloidal coil. If the escape electrons are successfully eliminated, the discharge termination system completes the mission; if the escape electrons are not successfully consumed, the fragmentation projectile injection system is activated. The fragmentation projectile injection system is configured to inject frozen deuterium projectiles into the plasma to mitigate the escape of fragmentation electrons. Once the escape of fragmentation electrons is mitigated, a termination signal is sent to the discharge termination system to complete the mission.

[0017] The aforementioned main solution and its various further alternative solutions can be freely combined to form multiple solutions, all of which are solutions that can be adopted and are claimed in this application. Those skilled in the art, after understanding the solution of this application, will realize that there are many combinations based on the prior art and common general knowledge, all of which are technical solutions to be protected in this application, and will not be exhaustively listed here.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this application are: This application deeply integrates technologies such as fracture early warning, fracture escape electronic avoidance and mitigation, and real-time control, significantly improving the control effect and success rate of tokamak fracture escape electronic.

[0019] This application effectively avoids and mitigates the damage to the tokamak device caused by the escape electrons from the fracture, ensuring the safe operation of the fusion device, and is very suitable for the real-time control of the escape electrons from the fracture in the tokamak. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of the electronic real-time control system for tokamak rupture escape in this application. Among them, 1-real-time plasma monitoring system, 2-plasma rupture early warning system, 3-discharge central control system, 4-magnetic disturbance system, 5-impurity injection system, 6-soft landing system, 7-fragmentation projectile injection system, and 8-discharge termination system. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of this application. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this application from the content disclosed in this specification. This application can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of this application. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0022] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0023] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product is in use. These terms are used only for the convenience of describing this application and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," and "sag" do not imply that components must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that they can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0025] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0026] Furthermore, it should be noted that unless otherwise specified in this application, the specific structures, connections, positions, power sources, etc. involved are all things that a person skilled in the art can know without creative effort based on the prior art.

[0027] Example 1 This embodiment discloses a real-time electronic control method for tokamak fracture escape, which includes the following steps.

[0028] Step S1: Real-time data monitoring of plasma operation.

[0029] Preferably, the real-time data monitoring of plasma operation in step S1 includes: measuring escape electrons, magnetohydrodynamic instability, electron cyclotron radiation, plasma current, plasma circumferential electric field, electron temperature profile, and plasma radiation.

[0030] Furthermore, the response time for real-time data monitoring of plasma operation is less than 0.1 ms.

[0031] Step S2: Based on the monitoring data from step S1, identify and predict the operating status of the plasma.

[0032] Preferably, in step S2, the artificial intelligence algorithm used to identify and predict the operating state of the plasma is obtained through big data training, with a success rate of over 99% and a response time of less than 1ms.

[0033] Step S3: When step S2 identifies or predicts plasma breakup, a strong magnetic disturbance field is emitted into the plasma and / or vaporized tungsten is injected to dissipate the breakup escape electrons. If the generation of breakup escape electrons is successfully avoided, the task is completed. If the generation of breakup escape electrons is not successfully avoided, proceed to S4.

[0034] Preferably, in step S3, the intensity of the strong magnetic disturbance field is >100 Gauss; the injection amount of the vaporized tungsten is 0.1‰ of the background plasma.

[0035] Step S4: Push the plasma to impact the first wall of the strong field side of the device. If the escape electrons are successfully eliminated, the mission is completed. If the escape electrons generated by the fracture are not successfully eliminated, proceed to S5.

[0036] Preferably, in step S4, the poloidal coil current is controlled by the soft landing system 6 to drive the plasma to impact the first wall of the strong field side of the device.

[0037] Step S5: Inject deuterium-freezing fragmentation projectiles into the plasma core to mitigate the escape of electrons during the fracture, thus completing the mission.

[0038] Preferably, in step S5, the amount of frozen deuterium pellets injected into the plasma core is 10-20 times the amount of plasma.

[0039] Example 2 Based on Example 1, this example discloses: a real-time electronic control system for tokamak fracture escape, wherein the real-time electronic control system for tokamak fracture escape uses the method described in Example 1 to perform real-time electronic control of tokamak fracture escape.

[0040] The real-time electronic control system for tokamak rupture escape in this embodiment includes: a plasma real-time monitoring system 1, a plasma rupture early warning system 2, a discharge central control system 3, a magnetic disturbance system 4, an impurity injection system 5, a soft landing system 6, a fragmentation projectile injection system 7, and a discharge termination system 8.

[0041] The plasma real-time monitoring system 1, the plasma rupture early warning system 2, and the discharge central control system 3 jointly realize the automatic identification and command activation of plasma rupture early warning; then, the magnetic disturbance system 4, the impurity injection system 5, the soft landing system 6, the fragmentation projectile injection system 7, and the discharge termination system 8 jointly realize the avoidance and mitigation of rupture escape electrons.

[0042] Specifically, the plasma real-time monitoring system 1 is configured to perform real-time data monitoring of plasma operation and transmit the corresponding monitoring data to the plasma rupture early warning system 2. The response time of the plasma real-time monitoring system 1 is better than 0.1ms.

[0043] The plasma rupture early warning system 2 is configured to identify and predict the operating status of the plasma and send a rupture early warning signal to the discharge central control system 3. The plasma rupture early warning system 2 uses an artificial intelligence algorithm trained on large datasets to identify and predict the operating status of the plasma, achieving a success rate of over 99% and a response time better than 1ms.

[0044] The discharge central control system 3 is configured to activate the magnetic disturbance system 4 and the impurity injection system 5 based on the rupture warning signal reported by the plasma rupture warning system 2. If the magnetic disturbance system 4 and / or the impurity injection system 5 successfully prevent the generation of rupture escape electrons, a mission termination signal is sent to the discharge termination system 8. If the generation of rupture escape electrons is not successfully prevented, the soft landing system 6 is activated.

[0045] The magnetic perturbation system 4 dissipates escaped electrons by emitting a strong magnetic perturbation field into the plasma, wherein the perturbation intensity of the strong magnetic perturbation field is greater than 100 Gauss. The impurity injection system 5 dissipates escaped electrons by injecting vaporized tungsten into the plasma. The amount of vaporized tungsten injected is 0.1‰ of the background plasma.

[0046] The soft landing system 6 is configured to drive the plasma to impact the first wall of the strong field side of the device by controlling the current of the poloidal coil. If the escape electrons are successfully eliminated, the discharge termination system 8 completes the mission; if the escape electrons are not successfully consumed, the fragmentation projectile injection system 7 is activated.

[0047] The fragmentation projectile injection system 7 is configured to inject frozen deuterium projectiles into the plasma to mitigate the escape of fragmentation electrons. Once the escape of fragmentation electrons is mitigated, a termination signal is sent to the discharge termination system 8 to complete the mission. The amount of deuterium projectile injected is 10-20 times that of the plasma.

[0048] This application deeply integrates technologies such as fracture early warning, fracture escape electron avoidance and mitigation, and real-time control, significantly improving the control effect and success rate of fracture escape electrons in tokamaks. Furthermore, this application effectively avoids and mitigates the damage caused by fracture escape electrons to tokamak devices, ensuring the safe operation of fusion devices, and is highly suitable for the real-time control of fracture escape electrons in tokamaks.

[0049] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A real-time electronic control method for tokamak fracture escape, characterized in that, The real-time electronic control method for tokamak fracture escape includes: S1: Real-time data monitoring of plasma operation; S2: Based on the monitoring data from step S1, identify and predict the operating status of the plasma; S3: When step S2 identifies or predicts plasma breakup, a strong magnetic disturbance field is emitted into the plasma and / or vaporized tungsten is injected to dissipate the breakup escape electrons. If the generation of breakup escape electrons is successfully avoided, the task is completed. If the generation of breakup escape electrons is not successfully avoided, proceed to S4. S4: Push the plasma to impact the first wall of the strong field side of the device. If the escape electrons are successfully eliminated, the mission is completed. If the escape electrons generated by the fracture are not successfully eliminated, proceed to S5. S5: Inject deuterium-freezing fragmentation projectiles into the plasma core to mitigate the escape of electrons during the fracture, thus completing this mission.

2. The real-time electronic control method for tokamak fracture escape as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 includes: performing escape electron measurement, magnetohydrodynamic instability measurement, electron cyclotron radiation measurement, plasma current measurement, plasma circumferential electric field measurement, electron temperature profile measurement, and plasma radiation measurement.

3. The real-time electronic control method for tokamak fracture escape as described in claim 2, characterized in that, In step S1, the response time for real-time data monitoring of plasma operation is less than 0.1ms.

4. The real-time electronic control method for tokamak fracture escape as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the artificial intelligence algorithm used to identify and predict the operating state of the plasma is trained with big data, has a success rate of over 99%, and a response time of less than 1ms.

5. The real-time electronic control method for tokamak fracture escape as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the intensity of the strong magnetic disturbance field is >100 Gauss; the injection amount of vaporized tungsten is 0.1‰ of the background plasma.

6. The real-time electronic control method for tokamak fracture escape as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the poloidal coil current is controlled by the soft landing system (6) to drive the plasma to impact the first wall of the strong field side of the device.

7. The real-time electronic control method for tokamak fracture escape as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, the amount of frozen deuterium pellets injected into the plasma core is 10-20 times that of the plasma.

8. A real-time electronic control system for escape from tokamak rupture, characterized in that, The tokamak fracture escape electronic real-time control system employs the method described in any one of claims 1 to 6 for tokamak fracture escape electronic real-time control. The tokamak fracture escape electronic real-time control system includes: The system includes a plasma real-time monitoring system (1), a plasma rupture early warning system (2), a discharge central control system (3), a magnetic disturbance system (4), an impurity injection system (5), a soft landing system (6), a fragmentation projectile injection system (7), and a discharge termination system (8). The plasma real-time monitoring system (1), the plasma rupture early warning system (2), and the discharge central control system (3) jointly realize the automatic identification and command activation of plasma rupture early warning; Subsequently, the magnetic disturbance system (4), the impurity injection system (5), the soft landing system (6), the fragmentation projectile injection system (7), and the discharge termination system (8) work together to avoid and mitigate the escape of ruptured electrons.

9. The tokamak fracture escape electronic real-time control system as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The plasma real-time monitoring system (1) is configured to complete the real-time data monitoring of plasma operation and transmit the corresponding monitoring data to the plasma rupture early warning system (2). The plasma rupture early warning system (2) is configured to identify and predict the operating status of the plasma and send the rupture early warning signal to the discharge central control system (3).

10. The tokamak fracture escape electronic real-time control system as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The discharge central control system (3) is configured to activate the magnetic disturbance system (4) and the impurity injection system (5) based on the rupture warning signal reported by the plasma rupture warning system (2). When the magnetic disturbance system (4) and / or the impurity injection system (5) successfully prevent the generation of rupture escape electrons, the system sends a mission termination signal to the discharge termination system (8). If the generation of escape electrons from the fracture is not successfully avoided, the soft landing system is activated (6). The soft landing system (6) is configured to drive the plasma to impact the first wall of the strong field side of the device by controlling the current of the poloidal coil. If the escape electrons are successfully eliminated, the discharge termination system (8) completes the mission; if the escape electrons are not successfully consumed, the fragmentation projectile injection system (7) is activated. The fragmentation projectile injection system (7) is configured to inject frozen deuterium projectiles into the plasma to alleviate the escape of fragmentation electrons. After alleviating the escape of fragmentation electrons, it sends a termination signal to the discharge termination system (8) to complete the task.

Images