Aircraft takeoff and landing supporting system and light-weight sled plate composite structure adopted by same

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of aviation aircraft takeoff and landing systems, in particular to an aircraft takeoff and landing supporting system and a light-weight sleigh plate composite structure adopted by the aircraft takeoff and landing supporting system, and the aircraft takeoff and landing supporting system is of a combined structure of a front sleigh plate, a front composite restraining assembly, a main sleigh plate and a main composite restraining assembly. The problem that an existing aircraft takeoff and landing system cannot have the takeoff and landing capacity on land and ice and snow road surfaces at the same time is solved, adaptability and stability are good, meanwhile, the defects that an existing sled plate is heavy, poor in low temperature resistance and insufficient in impact resistance are overcome through a light-weight sled plate composite structure, the light-weight and high-strength structural design is achieved, and the service life of the sled plate is prolonged.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of aircraft landing system, in particular to a kind of aircraft landing support system and the light-weighted sled plate composite structure used by it, simultaneously meet ice surface, snow surface, land and mixed pavement high-performance landing requirements. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the gradual opening of China in the field of general aviation, the problem of how the aircraft safely lands in the multi-habitat environment is particularly prominent. The traditional aircraft landing system is not suitable for landing in snow environment, and will slip and sink when landing in soft snow environment. The existing snowmobile type aircraft suitable for snow environment is not suitable for landing on land and ice.

[0003] In addition, the existing snowmobile type aircraft adopts aluminum alloy or steel structure sled plate, such as CN109018313B discloses a landing gear for snow aircraft, which adopts a combination structure of metal frame and rubber track, and has the problems of heavy weight, easy to brittle in low temperature environment and poor fatigue resistance, which does not meet the current development trend of lightweight and high-strength structure design of aircraft. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a kind of aircraft landing support system suitable for multi-habitat environment and the light-weighted sled plate composite structure used by it, which has reasonable structure and reliable use, solves the problem that the existing aircraft landing system cannot land on land and ice and snow pavement, has good adaptability and stability, overcomes the defects of heavy weight, poor low temperature resistance and insufficient impact resistance of the existing sled plate, realizes lightweight and high-strength structure design, and prolongs the service life of the sled plate.

[0005] The technical scheme of the present application is: An airplane landing support system comprises a front ski support structure and two main ski support structures, the front ski support structure comprises a front wheel, a front wheel support assembly connected between the fuselage and the wheel shaft of the front wheel, the main ski support structure comprises a main wheel, a main wheel support assembly connected between the fuselage and the wheel shaft of the main wheel, and the technical key points are that the wheel shaft of the front wheel is hingedly connected with a front support at both ends, the bottom of the two front supports is connected with a front ski plate, a front composite constraint assembly is connected between the front ski plate and the front wheel support assembly, the wheel shaft of the main wheel is hingedly connected with a main support at one end, the bottom of the main support is connected with a main ski plate, and a main composite constraint assembly is connected between the main ski plate and the main wheel support assembly; the front ski plate and the main ski plate are respectively made of a lightweight ski plate composite structure, the lightweight ski plate composite structure comprises a polyethylene bottom plate, a carbon fiber lower plate located above the polyethylene bottom plate, and a carbon fiber upper plate located above the carbon fiber lower plate, the middle part of the carbon fiber upper plate has a frame-shaped protruding reinforcing structure, and the edges of the carbon fiber upper plate are fixedly connected with the carbon fiber lower plate and the polyethylene bottom plate as a whole; the front composite constraint assembly comprises a first rubber band connected between the front part of the upper surface of the frame-shaped protruding reinforcing structure and the front wheel support assembly, and a first steel cable connected between the rear part of the upper surface of the frame-shaped protruding reinforcing structure and the front wheel support assembly, and the main composite constraint assembly comprises a second rubber band connected between the front part of the upper surface of the frame-shaped protruding reinforcing structure and the main wheel support assembly, and a second steel cable connected between the front and rear parts of the upper surface of the frame-shaped protruding reinforcing structure and the main wheel support assembly.

[0006] The airplane landing support system described above, the rear end of the main ski plate is provided with a small wheel buffer assembly, the small wheel buffer assembly comprises a small wheel support and a buffer small wheel supported on the small wheel support by a rotating shaft, and is used for hard road surface sliding protection.

[0007] The airplane landing support system described above, the middle part of the front ski plate is provided with an avoidance groove corresponding to the front wheel, the two front supports are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the avoidance groove, the number of the first rubber bands is two, one end of the two first rubber bands is commonly connected to the same front hanging point on the front wheel support assembly, and the other end is symmetrically connected to the left and right sides of the front part of the upper surface of the frame-shaped protruding reinforcing structure, one end of the two first steel cables is commonly connected to the same rear hanging point on the front wheel support assembly, and the other end is symmetrically connected to the left and right sides of the rear part of the upper surface of the frame-shaped protruding reinforcing structure.

[0008] The aircraft landing support system has the main ski plates provided with the avoidance grooves corresponding to the main wheels, one second steel cable and two second steel cables, one of which is connected to the front hanging point between the front part of the upper surface of the frame-shaped protruding reinforcing structure and the main wheel support assembly together with the second rubber band, and the other is connected to the rear hanging point between the rear part of the upper surface of the frame-shaped protruding reinforcing structure and the main wheel support assembly, the two main wheels are located on the opposite sides of the two main ski plates, and the main composite constraint assemblies of the two main ski plates are located on the opposite sides of the two main ski plates.

[0009] The technical key points of the light-weighted ski plate composite structure used by the aircraft landing support system are that the light-weighted ski plate composite structure comprises a polyethylene bottom plate, a carbon fiber lower plate located above the polyethylene bottom plate and a carbon fiber upper plate located above the carbon fiber lower plate, the middle part of the carbon fiber upper plate is provided with a frame-shaped protruding reinforcing structure, and the edges of the carbon fiber upper plate are fixedly connected with the carbon fiber lower plate and the polyethylene bottom plate as a whole.

[0010] The lower surface of the polyethylene bottom plate is provided with an anti-skid grid structure.

[0011] The frame-shaped protruding reinforcing structure adopts a fishbone-shaped topological reinforcing beam.

[0012] The carbon fiber upper plate and the carbon fiber lower plate are respectively formed by multiple layers of carbon fiber wet hand lay-up, and the carbon fibers of adjacent two layers of carbon fiber layers are staggered arranged.

[0013] The edges of the carbon fiber upper plate, the carbon fiber lower plate and the polyethylene bottom plate are glued together and connected and fixed by a plurality of bolt pairs, the bottom surface of the light-weighted ski plate composite structure comprises a main support surface and a front sliding surface, the front sliding surface is a raised surface with a streamline curvature, and the fishbone-shaped topological reinforcing beam above the main support surface effectively disperses impact load.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present application are: 1. The combination structure of the front take-off wheel, the front take-off wheel support assembly, the main wheel and the main wheel support assembly is suitable for the take-off and landing of the aircraft on land or ice surface environment, and the tires of the front take-off wheel and the two main wheels can provide support force.

[0015] 2. The combination structure of the front snowboard, the front composite constraint assembly, the main snowboard and the main composite constraint assembly is suitable for snow landing. The first and second leather wires can constrain the front snowboard and the main snowboard to be parallel to the axis of the fuselage during flight and can rotate a certain amount. During take-off or landing, the front snowboard and the main snowboard provide support for sliding over the soft snow surface and maintain a low sliding resistance. During the take-off and landing of the aircraft, the main snowboard is constrained by the main composite constraint assembly, and the front snowboard is constrained by the front composite constraint assembly. The main snowboard and the front snowboard can be kept parallel to the snow surface through rotation in the pitch direction, and the adaptive angle adjustment of the bottom surface of the front snowboard and the main snowboard is realized through contact feedback to ensure that the best load distribution plane is formed at the moment of landing and adapt to the undulating state of the snow surface, solving the problem that the existing aircraft landing system cannot simultaneously land on land and ice and snow road surface, and having remarkable adaptability and stability.

[0016] 3. The rear end of the main snowboard is provided with a small wheel buffer assembly, which avoids contact wear of the bottom surface of the main snowboard during the hard pavement sliding stage. The small wheel buffer assembly realizes the protection mechanism of the main snowboard under the landing impact and ground sliding working condition through the dynamic load adaptive adjustment function.

[0017] 4. The front snowboard and the main snowboard respectively adopt a lightweight snowboard composite structure, which overcomes the defects of the existing snowboard, such as heavy weight, poor low-temperature resistance and insufficient impact resistance. The lightweight snowboard composite structure adopts a carbon fiber upper plate, a carbon fiber lower plate and a polyethylene bottom plate, which are light in weight. In addition, the carbon fiber upper plate has a frame-shaped protruding reinforcing structure, in which a fishbone-shaped topological reinforcing beam is used to enhance the use strength, and the multi-layer carbon fiber staggered arrangement of the carbon fiber upper plate and the carbon fiber lower plate further increases the working strength, realizes the comprehensive improvement of high strength, excellent cold resistance and anti-skid performance, and prolongs the service life.

[0018] In summary, the lightweight snowboard composite structure, the main composite constraint assembly, the front main composite constraint assembly and the small wheel buffer assembly cooperate to realize high-performance take-off and landing and sliding in extremely cold environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the application state of the application on the aircraft; Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the front snowboard support structure of the application; Fig. 3 is a side view of the front snowboard support structure of the application; Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the main snowboard support structure of the application.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Front ski, 2. Main ski, 3. Fuselage, 4. Frame-shaped raised reinforcing structure, 5. First rubber band, 6. Front starting wheel, 7. Front starting wheel support assembly, 8. First steel cable, 9. Front support, 10. Polyethylene base plate, 11. Carbon fiber upper plate, 12. Axle, 13. Second rubber band, 14. Second steel cable, 15. Main wheel support assembly, 16. Axle, 17. Main wheel, 18. Buffer wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] like Figs. 1-4 As shown, the aircraft landing support system includes a front skid support structure and two main skid support structures. The front skid support structure includes a front landing wheel 6 and a front landing wheel support assembly 7 connecting the fuselage 3 and the axle 12 of the front landing wheel 6; the main skid support structures include main wheels 17 and main wheel support assemblies 15 connecting the fuselage 3 and the axle 16 of the main wheels 17.

[0023] In this configuration, the axle 12 of the front starting wheel 6 is hinged to two ends of a front support 9, and the bottoms of the two front supports 9 are connected to the front skis 1. A front compound restraint assembly connects the front skis 1 to the front starting wheel support assembly 7. One end of the axle 16 of the main wheel 17 is hinged to a main support, and the bottom of the main support is connected to the main skis 2. A main compound restraint assembly connects the main skis 2 to the main wheel support assembly 15.

[0024] The front skid 1 and the main skid 2 both adopt a lightweight skid composite structure. The lightweight skid composite structure includes a polyethylene base plate 10, a carbon fiber lower plate above the polyethylene base plate 10, and a carbon fiber upper plate 11 above the carbon fiber lower plate. The carbon fiber upper plate 11 has a frame-shaped raised reinforcing structure 4 in its center, and the edges of the carbon fiber upper plate 11 are fixedly connected to the carbon fiber lower plate and the polyethylene base plate 10 as a single unit. In this embodiment, the lower surface of the polyethylene base plate 10 is laser-treated with microstructures to form an anti-slip mesh structure, increasing the coefficient of friction and reducing ice and snow adhesion. The frame-shaped raised reinforcing structure 4 adopts a fishbone-shaped topological reinforcing beam. The carbon fiber upper plate 11 and the carbon fiber lower plate are respectively formed by wet lay-up of multiple layers of carbon fiber, with the carbon fibers of adjacent layers arranged alternately. The carbon fiber upper plate 11, carbon fiber lower plate, and polyethylene bottom plate 10 are glued together at the edges and connected and fixed by multiple bolt pairs. The bottom surface of the lightweight ski board composite structure includes a main support surface and a front sliding surface. The front sliding surface is a curved surface with a streamlined arc to adapt to the aerodynamic shape requirements of the fuselage. The fishbone-shaped topological reinforcing beam above the main support surface effectively disperses the impact load.

[0025] The front composite constraint assembly comprises a first rubber cable 5 connected between the front part of the upper surface of the frame-shaped protruding reinforcing structure 4 and the front caster support assembly 7, and a first steel cable 8 connected between the rear part of the upper surface of the frame-shaped protruding reinforcing structure 4 and the front caster support assembly 7. In the embodiment, the front snowboard 1 is provided with a clearance groove corresponding to the front caster 6 in the middle part, and two front supports 9 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the clearance groove. The number of the first rubber cables 5 is two, and one end of the two first rubber cables 5 is connected to the same front hanging point on the front caster support assembly 7, and the other end is symmetrically connected to the left and right sides of the front part of the upper surface of the frame-shaped protruding reinforcing structure 4. One end of the two first steel cables 8 is connected to the same rear hanging point on the front caster support assembly 7, and the other end is symmetrically connected to the left and right sides of the rear part of the upper surface of the frame-shaped protruding reinforcing structure 4.

[0026] The main composite constraint assembly comprises a second rubber cable 13 connected between the front part of the upper surface of the frame-shaped protruding reinforcing structure and the main wheel support assembly 15, and a second steel cable 14 connected between the front and rear parts of the upper surface of the frame-shaped protruding reinforcing structure and the main wheel support assembly 15. In the embodiment, the main snowboard 2 is provided with a clearance groove corresponding to the main wheel 17 on the side, the number of the second rubber cable 13 is one, and the number of the second steel cable 14 is two. One of the second steel cables 14 is hung between the front part of the upper surface of the frame-shaped protruding reinforcing structure and the front hanging point of the main wheel support assembly 15 together with the second rubber cable 13, and the other second steel cable 14 is hung between the rear part of the upper surface of the frame-shaped protruding reinforcing structure and the rear hanging point of the main wheel support assembly 15. The two main wheels 17 are located on the opposite sides of the two main snowboards 2, and the main composite constraint assemblies of the two main snowboards 2 are located on the opposite sides of the two main snowboards 2.

[0027] In the embodiment, the rear end of the main snowboard 2 is provided with a small wheel buffer assembly, and the small wheel buffer assembly comprises a small wheel support and a buffer small wheel 18 supported on the small wheel support by a rotating shaft, for sliding protection on hard road surface.

[0028] Working principle: 1. Ground contact stage: the main composite constraint assembly and the front composite constraint assembly release the pitch freedom degree, the bottom surfaces of the main snowboard 2 and the front snowboard 1 adaptively fit the snow surface, and the front sliding surface absorbs the initial impact energy.

[0029] 2. Sliding stage: the small wheel buffer assembly supports the main body of the main snowboard 2 to avoid friction loss on hard road surface, and the fishbone-shaped topological reinforcing beam disperses the dynamic load.

[0030] 3. Ground leaving stage: the main composite constraint assembly and the front composite constraint assembly restore the rigidity constraint of the steel cable to ensure the stability of the cruising posture.

[0031] The application has been verified by RX1E-A double-seat electric aircraft test flight, and meets the airworthiness standard of ASTMF2245-23. The application can be widely applied to polar scientific exploration, high-cold area navigation and other fields, and has the potential for large-scale production and popularization and application.

[0032] The above describes the embodiments of the application in detail, but the above description is only the preferred embodiments of the application and cannot be considered as limiting the scope of the application. Any equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of the application shall still belong to the scope of the application.

Claims

1. An aircraft landing gear support system comprising a front ski support structure and two main ski support structures, said front ski support structure comprising a front wheel, a front wheel support assembly connected between the fuselage and the wheel axle of the front wheel, said main ski support structures comprising a main wheel, a main wheel support assembly connected between the fuselage and the wheel axle of the main wheel, characterized in that: The axle of the front wheel is hinged with front supports at both ends, the bottom of the two front supports is connected with a front ski board, a front composite constraint assembly is connected between the front ski board and the front wheel support assembly, one end of the axle of the main wheel is hinged with a main support, the bottom of the main support is connected with a main ski board, a main composite constraint assembly is connected between the main ski board and the main wheel support assembly; the front ski board and the main ski board are respectively provided with a lightweight ski board composite structure, the lightweight ski board composite structure comprises a polyethylene bottom plate, a carbon fiber lower plate located above the polyethylene bottom plate, and a carbon fiber upper plate located above the carbon fiber lower plate, the middle part of the carbon fiber upper plate is provided with a frame-shaped protruding reinforcing structure, and the edges of the carbon fiber upper plate are fixedly connected with the carbon fiber lower plate and the polyethylene bottom plate as a whole; the front composite constraint assembly comprises a first rubber band connected between the front part of the upper surface of the frame-shaped protruding reinforcing structure and the front wheel support assembly and a first steel cable connected between the rear part of the upper surface of the frame-shaped protruding reinforcing structure and the front wheel support assembly, and the main composite constraint assembly comprises a second rubber band connected between the front part of the upper surface of the frame-shaped protruding reinforcing structure and the main wheel support assembly and a second steel cable connected between the front and rear parts of the upper surface of the frame-shaped protruding reinforcing structure and the main wheel support assembly.

2. An aircraft landing support system according to claim 1, characterised in that: The rear end of the main ski board is provided with a small wheel buffer assembly, and the small wheel buffer assembly comprises a small wheel support and a buffer small wheel supported on the small wheel support by a rotating shaft.

3. An aircraft landing support system according to claim 1, wherein: The middle part of the front ski board is provided with an avoidance groove corresponding to the front wheel, the two front supports are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the avoidance groove, the number of the first rubber bands is two, one end of the two first rubber bands is connected to the same front hanging point on the front wheel support assembly, and the other end is symmetrically connected to the left and right sides of the front part of the upper surface of the frame-shaped protruding reinforcing structure, and one end of the two first steel cables is connected to the same rear hanging point on the front wheel support assembly, and the other end is symmetrically connected to the left and right sides of the rear part of the upper surface of the frame-shaped protruding reinforcing structure.

4. An aircraft landing support system according to claim 1, wherein: The side of the main ski board is provided with an avoidance groove corresponding to the main wheel, the number of the second rubber band is one, and the number of the second steel cable is two, one of the second steel cables is connected between the front part of the upper surface of the frame-shaped protruding reinforcing structure and the front hanging point of the main wheel support assembly together with the second rubber band, and the other second steel cable is connected between the rear part of the upper surface of the frame-shaped protruding reinforcing structure and the rear hanging point of the main wheel support assembly, the two main wheels are located on the opposite sides of the two main ski boards, and the main composite constraint assemblies of the two main ski boards are located on the opposite sides of the two main ski boards.

5. A lightweight snowboard composite structure for use in an aircraft landing support system as defined in claim 1, wherein: The lightweight ski board composite structure comprises a polyethylene bottom plate, a carbon fiber lower plate located above the polyethylene bottom plate, and a carbon fiber upper plate located above the carbon fiber lower plate, the middle part of the carbon fiber upper plate is provided with a frame-shaped protruding reinforcing structure, and the edges of the carbon fiber upper plate are fixedly connected with the carbon fiber lower plate and the polyethylene bottom plate as a whole.

6. The aircraft take-off and landing support system employing a lightweight snowboard composite structure as claimed in claim 5, wherein: The lower surface of the polyethylene bottom plate is provided with an anti-skid grid structure.

7. The aircraft landing support system of claim 5, wherein the lightweight snowboard composite structure comprises: The frame-shaped protruding reinforcing structure adopts a fishbone-shaped topological reinforcing beam.

8. The aircraft landing support system of claim 5, wherein the lightweight snowboard composite structure is characterized by: The carbon fiber upper plate and the carbon fiber lower plate are respectively formed by multiple layers of carbon fiber wet hand lay-up, and the carbon fibers of adjacent two layers of carbon fiber layers are staggered.

9. The aircraft landing support system of claim 5, wherein the lightweight snowboard composite structure is characterized by: The carbon fiber upper plate, the carbon fiber lower plate and the polyethylene bottom plate are glued together and connected and fixed by a plurality of bolt pairs, the bottom surface of the light-weighted snowboard composite structure comprises a main supporting surface and a front sliding surface, and the front sliding surface is a raised surface with a streamlined arc.

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