Foundation pit settlement monitoring device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of foundation pit settlement monitoring, in particular to a foundation pit settlement monitoring device which comprises four annularly-distributed monitoring units, two transverse supports and two longitudinal supports, each monitoring unit comprises a supporting shell and a sinking shell, and a monitoring anchor rod is arranged on one side of each sinking shell; a vertical displacement sensor is fixedly connected between the supporting shell and the sinking shell; annular displacement sensors are connected between the adjacent sinking shells through spherical hinges. According to the invention, the direction and displacement of deformation can be monitored, so that the settlement in different directions can be monitored, and meanwhile, the deformation generated by the horizontal displacement of the soil body can be monitored.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of foundation pit settlement monitoring, in particular to a foundation pit settlement monitoring device. BACKGROUND

[0002] The foundation pit is the basis of building construction, and its settlement monitoring is crucial to engineering safety and quality. Especially under special geotechnical conditions such as frozen soil, expansive soil, and collapsible loess, the settlement characteristics of different soil types differ significantly, and long-term, multi-dimensional monitoring is needed to ensure that the construction standards are met. The existing foundation pit settlement monitoring devices generally have the problem of single monitoring dimension. For example, a kind of foundation pit settlement monitoring device with patent announcement number CN118407475B can only detect the vertical settlement of the soil body along the hole axis, and cannot effectively monitor the lateral deformation pressure caused by insufficient surrounding support force at the bottom of the foundation pit.

[0003] In actual engineering, foundation pit settlement not only involves vertical displacement, but also may produce horizontal displacement or oblique deformation due to uneven stress distribution of soil body. Due to structural limitations, traditional devices cannot capture multi-directional deformation data, resulting in a blind area in the evaluation of foundation pit stability and making it difficult to early warn potential support instability risks. In addition, some monitoring devices in the prior art need to pre-bury a large number of rod members, which greatly disturbs the soil body, and the lateral connection structure is not firmly combined with the soil body, affecting the monitoring accuracy and reliability.

[0004] Therefore, how to develop a foundation pit settlement monitoring device that can simultaneously monitor multi-directional settlement and horizontal displacement and reduce soil disturbance has become a technical problem to be solved in the field. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a foundation pit settlement monitoring device. For details, see the description below: A foundation pit settlement monitoring device, comprising four ring-distributed monitoring units, two lateral supports and two longitudinal supports, each monitoring unit comprising a support shell and a subsidence shell, the subsidence shell being provided with a monitoring anchor rod on one side, and a vertical displacement sensor being fixedly connected between the support shell and the subsidence shell; a ring-directional displacement sensor being connected through a spherical hinge between adjacent subsidence shells; The longitudinal support comprises a longitudinal cross plate, the first end of which is fixedly connected with the support shell, and the second end is rotatably connected with a first anchor rod, and a locking bolt is arranged on the side surface; The lateral support comprises a lateral cross plate, the first end of which is fixedly connected with the support shell, the lateral cross plate is provided with a sliding groove, a sliding block is slidingly connected in the sliding groove, a horizontal displacement sensor is fixed between the sliding block and the inner wall of the sliding groove, and the sliding block is rotatably connected with a second anchor rod.

[0006] Preferably, the lateral cross plate is fixedly connected with a support plate on the side surface, and the support plate is vertically fixed with a superficial insertion rod.

[0007] Preferably, the inner arc surface of the sinking shell is fixedly supported by a support frame, limit stop plates are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the support frame, the two limit stop plates are fixedly sleeved with a sleeve, and the diameter of the sleeve is smaller than the width of the through slot of the support frame.

[0008] Preferably, one side of the sleeve is fixedly provided with a frame body, the frame body is slidably connected with a flat plate-shaped insertion plate, one side of the insertion plate is provided with a gear slot, the frame body is rotatably connected with a driving rod, the driving rod is fixedly provided with a gear, and the gear is engaged with the gear slot.

[0009] Preferably, the driving device comprises a support plate, the support plate is provided with a guide groove, a push-pull plate is slidably connected in the guide groove, and a return spring is arranged between the push-pull plate and the inner wall of the guide groove; the upper side of the push-pull plate is fixedly provided with a driving rod, the upper end of the driving rod is fixedly provided with a ratchet wheel, and the driving rod is matched with the tooth surface of the ratchet wheel.

[0010] Preferably, the end of the driving rod is rotatably connected with a connecting rod, the support shell is fixedly provided with a hanging rod, the lower end of the hanging rod is threadedly connected with a bolt rod, and the bolt rod penetrates through the avoiding hole of the connecting rod.

[0011] Preferably, the insertion plate is a high-strength steel plate, and at least two groups are arranged at different heights in the circumferential direction of the sleeve.

[0012] Preferably, one end of the ring displacement sensor is spherically connected with the sinking shell, and the other end of the ring displacement sensor is threadedly connected with a butt joint sleeve; adjacent sinking shells are spherically connected with a round rod, and the butt joint sleeve and the round rod are detachably threadedly connected.

[0013] Preferably, the side surface of the support shell is provided with a clamping groove, and a limiting rod is fixedly arranged between the clamping grooves of adjacent support shells through screws.

[0014] Preferably, the detection direction of the horizontal displacement sensor is parallel to the length direction of the transverse cross plate, and the length of the sliding groove is greater than the maximum horizontal displacement of the foundation pit design.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the technical scheme provided by the present application are: The vertical displacement sensor is used for real-time capturing of the vertical settlement of the sinking shell, the ring displacement sensor is used for monitoring the relative angular displacement between adjacent sinking shells, the sliding block and sliding groove structure in the transverse support and the horizontal displacement sensor are combined, and the horizontal sliding (including oblique deformation) of the soil body is synchronously perceived, three groups of sensors cooperatively construct a three-dimensional displacement monitoring network, the defects that the traditional device can only detect the axial settlement are completely solved, the present application is especially suitable for complex deformation analysis of special rock foundation pits such as frozen soil and expansive soil, and omnidirectional data support is provided for stability evaluation of the supporting structure.

[0016] The transverse cross plate integrated plug-in plate driving mechanism (gear rack + ratchet pawl) can top the high-strength plug-in plate into the inner wall of the monitoring hole by swinging the transverse support, greatly reducing the number of pre-buried components and reducing the disturbance to the soil body of the foundation pit; meanwhile, the detachable butt joint sleeve design enables the ring-shaped displacement sensor to be quickly disassembled and assembled, and the flexibility of the plug-in plate installation stage and the multi-directional displacement correlation of the monitoring stage are taken into account. The structure is especially suitable for narrow construction space and significantly improves the deployment efficiency of the device in complex working conditions such as deep foundation pits and restricted sites. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a basic structure schematic diagram of the present application; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of a single transverse support and a single longitudinal support; Figure 3 is Figure 2 is a partial enlarged view of E in Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the inner wall of the monitoring hole; Figure 5 is Figure 3 is a top view of Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the plug-in plate; Figure 7 is Figure 6 is a partial enlarged view of F in Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the suspender and the support shell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application clearer and more apparent, the present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the present application and do not limit the present application. EXAMPLE

[0019] As Figures 1 to 8 shown, the present application provides a foundation pit settlement monitoring device, which comprises four monitoring units, two transverse supports 1 and two longitudinal supports 2. Each monitoring unit comprises a support shell 3 and a subsidence shell 4, a monitoring anchor 5 is arranged on one side of the subsidence shell 4, and a vertical displacement sensor 6 is fixedly connected between the support shell 3 and the subsidence shell 4. The ring-shaped displacement sensor 7 is connected between adjacent subsidence shells 4 by a spherical hinge.

[0020] The longitudinal support 2 comprises a longitudinal cross plate 21, one end of the longitudinal cross plate 21 is fixedly connected with the support shell 3, the other end of the longitudinal cross plate 21 is rotationally connected with a first anchor rod 22, the first anchor rod 22 deeply penetrates into a stable stratum of the ground, so that the first anchor rod 22 does not settle and can be used as a reference for monitoring, a locking threaded hole is arranged on the side of the longitudinal cross plate 21, a locking bolt is threadedly connected in the locking threaded hole, after the longitudinal cross plate 21 is adjusted to a proper position, the first anchor rod 22 is locked with the longitudinal cross plate 21 through the locking bolt, so that the longitudinal cross plate 21 cannot be deflected around the first anchor rod 22.

[0021] The transverse support 1 comprises a transverse cross plate 11, one end of the transverse cross plate 11 is fixedly connected with the support shell 3, the transverse cross plate 11 is provided with a sliding groove 12, a sliding block 13 is slidingly connected in the sliding groove 12, a horizontal displacement sensor 14 is fixedly connected between an inner wall of one end of the sliding groove 12 and the sliding block 13, the sliding block 13 is rotationally connected with a second anchor rod 15, the second anchor rod 15 deeply penetrates into a stable stratum of the ground and does not settle, and is used as a reference for monitoring, a support plate 16 is fixedly connected on the side of the transverse cross plate 11, the support plate 16 is fixedly connected with a superficial insertion rod 17, the superficial insertion rod 17 is inserted into a superficial soil body, as shown in Figure 1 , the superficial soil body slides along the direction C in any direction in the horizontal direction through the superficial insertion rod 17 with the transverse cross plate 11. Figure 1

[0022] The support shell 3 is provided with a clamping groove 31 on one side, the clamping grooves 31 between two adjacent support shells 3 are fixedly connected with a limiting rod 32 through screws, the four monitoring units are annularly arranged, and the same installation reference is formed through cooperation of the limiting rod 32 and the clamping groove 31, after installation, the limiting rod 32 is removed, so that the four monitoring units monitor the settlement in four directions respectively, so that the settlement in different directions in the foundation pit can be monitored.

[0023] The monitoring hole 10 is arranged at the bottom of the foundation pit, four monitoring units are arranged around the monitoring hole 10, the four monitoring units can form the same reference surface (the same monitoring height) during installation, the monitoring units are used for monitoring the settlement in different directions of the monitoring hole 10 by removing the limiting rod 32; for a single monitoring unit, the support shell 3 is kept at a constant height through the longitudinal cross plate 21 or the transverse cross plate 11, when the local soil in the foundation pit settles, the monitoring anchor rod 5 descends with the sinking shell 4, the sinking shell 4 generates a downward compression vertical displacement sensor 6 relative to the support shell 3, so that the sinking displacement distance is monitored.

[0024] As shown in Figure 1 , the transverse support 1 is close to the inner wall of the foundation pit, in this direction, lateral deformation tendency is easily formed due to the influence of the soil pressure outside the foundation pit, which is the main reason for instability of the foundation pit support and is a defect that cannot be monitored by the existing foundation pit settlement monitoring device, the sliding block 13 of the transverse support 1 of the present application can make the transverse cross plate 11 horizontally move and deflect relative to the second anchor rod 15, and the settlement in the direction can be monitored.​Figure 1 The soil body deforms in three directions of C, and when forming oblique deformation, the lateral extrusion of the lateral transverse plate 11 to the sinking shell 4 of the adjacent longitudinal support 2 (the longitudinal support 2 is located in the middle of the foundation pit and is locked without deflection) is monitored to monitor the direction and displacement of the deformation, so that the application can monitor the settlement in different directions and the deformation amount caused by the horizontal displacement of the soil body. Embodiment

[0025] As Figures 6 to 8 shown, the inner arc surface of the sinking shell 4 is fixedly connected with the support frame 41, the upper side and the lower side of the support frame 41 are respectively provided with limiting baffle plates 42, the two limiting baffle plates 42 are fixedly connected with a sleeve pipe 43, the pipe diameter of the sleeve pipe 43 is smaller than the slot width of the through slot of the support frame 41, the monitoring anchor rod 5 is fixedly connected with the sleeve pipe 43, the monitoring anchor rod 5 is inserted into the sleeve pipe 43, the monitoring anchor rod 5 is hammered into the monitoring hole 10 through the sleeve pipe 43, and the monitoring anchor rod 5 and the sleeve pipe 43 are locked by bolts outside the sleeve pipe 43.

[0026] On the one hand, the descent of the monitoring anchor rod 5 and the sleeve pipe 43 is accompanied by the descent of the sinking shell 4 through the two limiting baffle plates 42, which is used for monitoring the settlement amount of the soil body, and on the other hand, since the pipe diameter of the sleeve pipe 43 is smaller than the slot width of the through slot of the support frame 41, the sinking shell 4 can be horizontally displaced without being hindered, so that the deformation of the soil body in the vertical and horizontal directions can be monitored. Embodiment

[0027] As Figures 4 to 8 shown, one side of the sleeve pipe 43 is fixedly connected with a frame body 44, the frame body 44 is slidingly connected with a flat plate-shaped plug plate 45, the plug plate 45 is made of high-strength steel, one side of the plug plate 45 is provided with a gear slot 46, the frame body 44 is rotatably connected with a driving rod 47, the driving rod 47 is fixedly connected with a gear wheel 48, the gear wheel 48 is engaged with the gear slot 46; the upper end of the driving rod 47 is provided with a shifting device, and a plurality of groups of the plug plate 45 are arranged at different heights and have different angles, so that the combination with the soil body of the foundation pit is stronger.

[0028] The shifting device comprises a support plate 81, the support plate 81 is provided with a guide groove, a push-pull plate 83 is slidingly connected in the guide groove, a return spring is fixedly connected between one end of the push-pull plate 83 and the inner wall of the guide groove, a shifting rod 84 is arranged on the upper side of the push-pull plate 83, a ratchet wheel 85 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the driving rod 47, and the shifting rod 84 and the ratchet wheel 85 are correspondingly arranged; The end of the shifting rod 84 is rotatably connected with a connecting rod 86, the support shell 3 is fixedly connected with a suspender 87, the lower end of the suspender 87 is threadedly connected with a latch rod 88, and the latch rod 88 penetrates through the avoiding hole of the connecting rod 86.

[0029] One end of the circumferential displacement sensor 7 is spherically hinged to one of the sunken shells 4. The probe of the circumferential displacement sensor 7 is threadedly connected to the mating sleeve 71. The adjacent sunken shell 4 is spherically hinged to the round rod 72. The mating sleeve 71 is threadedly connected to the round rod 72. The mating sleeve 71 moves on the probe of the circumferential displacement sensor 7 by rotating the thread, and can be threadedly connected or separated from the round rod 72. After separation, it is convenient for the corresponding sunken shell 4 to move.

[0030] In Example 3, as Figure 5 As shown, a movable hydraulic jack repeatedly pushes the transverse plate 11, causing it to swing-reset-swing in a cyclical motion around the second anchor rod 15. This motion, via the boom 87 and connecting rod 86, periodically pulls the push-pull plate 83 horizontally back and forth. The horizontal back and forth sliding of the push-pull plate 83, through the actuating rod 84, causes the ratchet 85 to rotate unidirectionally (existing ratchet mechanism), resulting in the rotation of the drive rod 47 and gear 48. Through the engagement of the tooth groove 46, the flat plate 45 (originally retracted within the monitoring hole 10) is pushed into the narrow space of the monitoring hole. The inner wall of hole 10 overcomes the shortcomings of existing technologies (CN118407475A, etc.) that require large pre-embedded quantities, have a large impact on the foundation pit disturbance, and have poor bonding between the folded plate and the soil. On the one hand, the transverse plate 11 serves as a swing arm structure to facilitate the jacking of the movable hydraulic jacking rod and adapt to the insertion of the flat plate 45 in a narrow space. On the other hand, after removing the pin rod 88 and resetting the transverse plate 11, the connecting sleeve 71 connects the adjacent sunken shell 4 through the circumferential displacement sensor 7, which also serves as the monitoring of the horizontal displacement of the soil in Example 1.

[0031] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for monitoring settlement of a foundation pit, characterized by: The application relates to a monitoring device for monitoring the displacement of a tunnel roof, which comprises four annularly distributed monitoring units, two transverse supports (1) and two longitudinal supports (2), each monitoring unit comprising a support shell (3) and a sinking shell (4), one side of the sinking shell (4) being provided with a monitoring anchor rod (5), a vertical displacement sensor (6) being fixedly connected between the support shell (3) and the sinking shell (4); a ring-shaped displacement sensor (7) being connected through spherical hinges between adjacent sinking shells (4); the longitudinal support (2) comprising a longitudinal cross plate (21), a first end of the longitudinal cross plate (21) being fixedly connected with the support shell (3), a second end of the longitudinal cross plate (21) being rotatably connected with a first anchor rod (22), and a locking bolt being arranged on the side surface of the longitudinal cross plate (21); the transverse support (1) comprising a transverse cross plate (11), a first end of the transverse cross plate (11) being fixedly connected with the support shell (3), the transverse cross plate (11) being provided with a sliding groove (12), a sliding block (13) being slidably connected in the sliding groove (12), a horizontal displacement sensor (14) being fixed between the sliding block (13) and the inner wall of the sliding groove (12), and the sliding block (13) being rotatably connected with a second anchor rod (15).

2. The device for monitoring settlement of foundation pit according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support plate (16) is fixedly connected to the side surface of the transverse cross plate (11), and a superficial insertion rod (17) is vertically fixed to the support plate (16).

3. The device for monitoring settlement of foundation pit according to claim 1, characterized in that: An arc surface of the sinking shell (4) is fixedly provided with a support frame (41), limit stop plates (42) are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the support frame (41), two limit stop plates (42) are fixedly connected with a sleeve (43), the diameter of the sleeve (43) is smaller than the width of the through groove of the support frame (41), and the monitoring anchor rod (5) penetrates through and is fixed to the sleeve (43).

4. The device for monitoring settlement of foundation pit according to claim 3, characterized in that: One side of the sleeve (43) is fixedly provided with a frame body (44), the frame body (44) is slidably connected with a flat insertion plate (45), one side of the insertion plate (45) is provided with a gear slot (46), the frame body (44) is rotatably connected with a driving rod (47), the driving rod (47) is fixedly provided with a gear wheel (48), the gear wheel (48) is engaged with the gear slot (46), and the upper end of the driving rod (47) is connected with a pushing device.

5. The device for monitoring settlement of foundation pit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pushing device comprises a support plate (81), the support plate (81) is provided with a guide groove, a pushing and pulling plate (83) is slidably connected in the guide groove, and a reset spring is arranged between the pushing and pulling plate (83) and the inner wall of the guide groove; the upper side of the pushing and pulling plate (83) is fixedly provided with a pushing rod (84), the upper end of the driving rod (47) is fixedly provided with a ratchet wheel (85), and the pushing rod (84) is matched with the tooth surface of the ratchet wheel (85).

6. The device for monitoring settlement of foundation pit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The end of the pushing rod (84) is rotatably connected with a connecting rod (86), a suspender (87) is fixed to the support shell (3), the lower end of the suspender (87) is threadedly connected with a bolt rod (88), and the bolt rod (88) penetrates through the avoiding hole of the connecting rod (86).

7. The device for monitoring settlement of foundation pit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The insertion plate (45) is a high-strength steel plate, and at least two groups are arranged at different heights in the circumferential direction of the sleeve (43).

8. The device for monitoring settlement of foundation pit according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the ring-shaped displacement sensor (7) is connected with the spherical hinge of the sinking shell (4), the other end of the ring-shaped displacement sensor (7) is threadedly connected with a butt joint sleeve (71), adjacent sinking shells (4) are connected through spherical hinges of a round rod (72), and the butt joint sleeve (71) and the round rod (72) are detachably threadedly connected.

9. The device for monitoring settlement of foundation pit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side surface of the support shell (3) is provided with a clamping groove (31), and a limiting rod (32) is fixedly arranged between the clamping grooves (31) of adjacent support shells (3) through screws.

10. The device for monitoring settlement of foundation pit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection direction of the horizontal displacement sensor (14) is parallel to the length direction of the transverse cross plate (11), and the length of the sliding groove (12) is greater than the maximum horizontal displacement amount of the foundation pit design.

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