Public toilet capable of achieving positive-pressure fresh air at mouth and nose of human body

Abstract

A public toilet capable of achieving positive-pressure fresh air at the mouth and nose of a human body comprises a plurality of compartments, a functional device is installed in each compartment, the bottom of each compartment is grounded, and the top of each compartment is connected with a suspended ceiling; a door capable of being opened and closed is arranged in front of each compartment, the middles of the doors and the partition plates on the doors are hollow, and the partition plates on the doors are communicated with the ceiling at the top; an air supply outlet is formed in one side, which is 30-80cm away from the ground, of the door and is close to the interior of the compartment; an air inlet and exhaust system communicated with the outside atmosphere is installed in the suspended ceiling, an air outlet is formed in the position, 30-80 cm high, of the rear wall of the compartment, the air supply outlet and the air outlet are opposite to each other, and the three points form a line, so that local positive pressure fresh air is formed at the mouth and nose of a person when the person is in a squatting posture. Each compartment supplies air independently, so that air supply paths are not mixed any more, and air supply, mouth and nose and air exhaust in the compartments are in a three-point one-line laminar flow ventilation state.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of public health ventilation system, and particularly relates to a public toilet realizing positive pressure fresh air at human mouth and nose. BACKGROUND

[0002] The odor of the public toilet in a place with large human flow and dense personnel will make people feel sick. The main source of the sick feeling is airflow mixing. There are two reasons for airflow mixing: one is that the air at the entrance of the public toilet moves with the human flow and is affected by the exhaust negative pressure, and generally after fully mixing in the small-urination area, the public area passageway, each stall and various odors, the air is discharged into the exhaust port of the ceiling; the other reason is that the partition between each stall is not completely on the ground or raised to the ceiling, that is, there is a large gap between the stall partition walls, which leads to airflow mixing and poor sound insulation. According to the principle of psychology, mixed odor and sound will remind people of bad memories and make people feel sick.

[0003] The odor of the public toilet mainly comes from urine and feces. The main component of the ammonia gas produced after the decomposition of urea is ammonia gas, and the odor of feces is composed of skatole, indole, hydrogen sulfide, mercapto, volatile fatty acids, nitrosoamines and ammonia. The perception of olfaction has two principles of physiological and psychological mechanisms. 1. Physiological mechanism: when the odor molecules enter the nasal cavity, they will bind to the olfactory odor receptor cells, thereby triggering the generation of electrical signals, which are transmitted to the brain to form our perception and discrimination of odor. 2. Psychological mechanism: affected by the psychological factors such as emotion and memory in the brain, people will associate certain emotions or memories when they smell certain odors, and produce a certain suggestive effect. People can distinguish more than ten thousand different odors. For example, unfamiliar odors will make people feel uneasy and vigilant; and people have a subconscious repulsion to the odor of “others” in the public toilet and associate it with the source, and will produce a significant feeling of nausea. American scientists Richard Axel and Linda Buck deciphered the molecular mechanism of olfaction and pointed out that odor stimulation is closely related to memory, and they won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2004. Ammonia gas (urine) and hydrogen sulfide (feces) are the most influential odors in the public toilet, and current researches are mostly based on them for analysis.

[0004] The traditional air inlet mode of the stall in the public toilet is a large gap below the stall door, and even a large gap is left below the partition wall between two stalls. According to the Bernoulli equation principle, the higher the speed, the lower the pressure. When the exhaust port is set at a low position, this low air inlet mode will cause negative pressure at the mouth and nose, and the negative pressure will pull the odor from the squat position to flow through the mouth and nose. When the exhaust port is set at a high position, the mouth and nose become the only way for the pollutants from the squat position to be discharged to the exhaust port.

[0005] The utility model discloses a public lavatory fresh air system, sets up the exhaust fan and the air intake fan on the back wall of the functional equipment in each booth of the public lavatory. The scheme is on the same side of the air intake and exhaust, and the ventilation is obviously short-circuit, and the deodorization efficiency is low: the low wind speed can be seriously short-circuit, and the high wind speed is directly blown to the pollution source, and the odor emission is obvious, and the mouth and nose of the person in the squatting position are under negative pressure, and the mouth and nose are bound to have odor. SUMMARY

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a public lavatory realizing positive pressure fresh air at the mouth and nose of a human body.

[0007] The present application is implemented as follows:

[0008] A public lavatory realizing positive pressure fresh air at the mouth and nose of a human body comprises a plurality of booths, each booth is provided with a functional equipment, and the four walls of each booth are floor-to-ceiling at the bottom and connected to a suspended ceiling at the top.

[0009] The front of each booth is provided with a closable door, the thickness of the door and the door partition is greater than 5 cm, the middle part is hollow, the door partition is communicated with the suspended ceiling at the top, and the door is provided with an air outlet near one side of the booth at a height of 30-80 cm from the ground.

[0010] The suspended ceiling is provided with an air intake and exhaust system communicated with the outside atmosphere, and the air intake and exhaust system comprises an air intake fan, an exhaust fan, an air intake pipe and an exhaust pipe.

[0011] The air intake pipe comprises a horizontal section air intake pipe in the suspended ceiling, a vertical section air intake pipe in the door partition communicated with the horizontal section air intake pipe, and a vertical air intake pipe in the hollow part of the door, the horizontal section air intake pipe is connected with the air intake fan, the vertical air intake pipe is located in the hollow part of the door, the upper end of the vertical air intake pipe is connected with the vertical section air intake pipe when the door is closed, and the lower end of the vertical air intake pipe is communicated with the air outlet along the air supply path.

[0012] The exhaust pipe comprises a vertical section exhaust pipe on the back wall of the booth and a horizontal section exhaust pipe in the suspended ceiling communicated with the vertical section exhaust pipe, and the horizontal section exhaust pipe is connected with the exhaust fan.

[0013] The back wall of the booth is provided with an air outlet at a height of 30-80 cm from the ground, and the air outlet is communicated with the vertical section exhaust pipe.

[0014] The air outlet and the air outlet are opposite to each other, three points form a line, so that the mouth and nose of the person in the squatting position form a local positive pressure fresh air.

[0015] Further, the functional equipment is a squatting toilet.

[0016] Further, the upper side of the air supply outlet is provided with a valve capable of adjusting the air supply amount.

[0017] Further, the air supply outlet is a louver type.

[0018] Further, the lower side of the air supply outlet is provided with a drawer type damping adjustment mechanism.

[0019] Further, in the compartment, the air supply amount is 80% to 90% of the air exhaust amount, that is, the interior of the compartment forms an overall micro-negative pressure environment, so as to avoid diffusion of pollutants, and the air amount for pressure balance is provided by the penetration of the compartment door joint.

[0020] The present application has the advantages that each compartment is independently air supplied, so that the air supply path is no longer mixed, the door of the compartment is provided with a movable air outlet, the height and air amount of the air outlet can be adjusted, so that the mouth and nose of a person of different heights in the compartment are in a positive pressure state when in a squatting position, so as to ensure that the diffused odor cannot enter the mouth and nose, and ensure that fresh air is directly inhaled. The air supply, the mouth and nose, and the air exhaust are in a three-point-liner laminar flow ventilation state.

[0021] The present application makes the compartment basically in a partition state, effectively reduces the flow gap between the compartment and the corridor in the bathroom, reduces air flow mixing, and the air exhaust is performed after squatting, so as to reduce mixing of squatting air exhaust, and shorten the air exhaust path. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present application.

[0024] Fig. 2 is a top view of the compartment in the present application.

[0025] Fig. 3 is a front view of the compartment in the present application.

[0026] Fig. 4 is a left view of the compartment in the present application.

[0027] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS:

[0028] 1-compartment, 2-functional device, 3-suspended ceiling, 4-door, 5-door upper partition, 6-air supply outlet, 7-air inlet pipe, 71-horizontal section air inlet pipe, 72-vertical section air inlet pipe, 73-vertical air inlet pipe, 8-, air exhaust pipe, 81-vertical section air exhaust pipe, 82-horizontal section air exhaust pipe, 9-air exhaust outlet, 10-valve, 11-drawer type damping adjustment mechanism, 13-air inlet fan, 14-air exhaust fan. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] As Figs. 1 to 4As shown, a public toilet realizing positive pressure fresh air at human mouth and nose, comprising: multiple compartments 1, each compartment 1 is provided with functional equipment 2 (for example, a squat toilet), and the four walls of each compartment 1 are floor-to-ceiling at the bottom and connected to a suspended ceiling 3 at the top;

[0030] A closable door 4 is arranged at the front of each compartment 1, the door 4 and a door baffle 5 have a thickness of more than 5 cm, the middle part is hollow, the door baffle 5 is communicated with the suspended ceiling 3 at the top, and a supply air outlet 6 is arranged at one side of the door 4 close to the compartment at a height of 30-80 cm from the ground;

[0031] The suspended ceiling 3 is provided with an air inlet and exhaust system communicated with the outside atmosphere, the air inlet and exhaust system comprises an air inlet fan 13, an air exhaust fan 14, an air inlet pipe 7 and an air exhaust pipe 8;

[0032] The air inlet pipe 7 comprises a horizontal section air inlet pipe 71 in the suspended ceiling 3, a vertical section air inlet pipe 72 in the door baffle 5 communicated with the horizontal section air inlet pipe 71, and a vertical air inlet pipe 73 in the hollow part of the door 4; the horizontal section air inlet pipe 71 is connected with the air inlet fan 13, the vertical air inlet pipe 73 is arranged in the hollow part of the door 4, the upper end of the vertical air inlet pipe 73 is connected with the vertical section air inlet pipe 72 when the door 4 is closed, and the lower end of the vertical air inlet pipe 73 is communicated with the supply air outlet 6 along a supply air path;

[0033] The air exhaust pipe 8 comprises a vertical section air exhaust pipe 81 arranged on the back wall of the compartment and a horizontal section air exhaust pipe 82 in the suspended ceiling 3 communicated with the vertical section air exhaust pipe 81; the horizontal section air exhaust pipe 82 is connected with the air exhaust fan 14; the back wall of the compartment is provided with an air exhaust outlet 9 at a height of 30-80 cm from the ground, and the air exhaust outlet 9 is communicated with the vertical section air exhaust pipe 81;

[0034] The air inlet pipe 7 and the air exhaust pipe 8 are square pipes, the cross-sectional dimension of the vertical section air inlet pipe 72 in the door baffle 5 is 160*30 mm, the cross-sectional dimension of the vertical air inlet pipe 73 in the door 4 is 200*40 mm, and a flexible rubber strip is embedded around the top of the vertical air inlet pipe 73 in the door 4, so as to ensure the close tightness of the air inlet pipes at two ends.

[0035] The supply air outlet 6 and the air exhaust outlet 9 are opposite to each other, and three points form a line, so that the mouth and nose of a person in a squatting position form a local positive pressure fresh air.

[0036] The supply air outlet 6 is a louver type, and a valve 10 for adjusting the supply air volume is arranged above the supply air outlet 6; a drawer type damping adjusting mechanism 11 is arranged below the supply air outlet 6.

[0037] In the compartment 1, the supply air volume is 80%-90% of the exhaust air volume, that is, an overall micro-negative pressure environment is formed in the compartment, so as to avoid the diffusion of pollutants to the outside of the compartment, and the pressure balance air volume is provided by the penetration of the compartment door gap.

[0038] In specific practice, the calculation method of the pipe diameter of the air inlet and exhaust system of the public toilet is as follows:

[0039] I. Determine the required air flow (air volume) Q

[0040] Formula: Q = V x ACH

[0041] Q: required ventilation volume (unit: m 3 / h)

[0042] V: toilet space volume (m 3 ), i.e. length x width x height

[0043] ACH: air changes per hour, generally recommended for public toilets ≥ 5 times / hour, also can be taken 10-15 times / hour, the ventilation system with squat small exhaust and oral-nasal positive pressure air supply design, high efficiency, the partition area can be taken as 5 times / hour.

[0044] II. Convert air volume to second flow (for subsequent calculation)

[0045] Qs = Q / 3600

[0046] Qs: ventilation volume in m 3 / s

[0047] III. Calculate the pipe cross-sectional area according to the air speed

[0048] A = Qs / v

[0049] A: pipe cross-sectional area (m 2 )

[0050] v: design air speed (m / s), usually the exhaust duct air speed is recommended to be 3-6 m / s, the main pipe takes the large value, and the branch pipe takes the small value.

[0051] IV. Calculate the diameter of rectangular air pipe according to the cross-sectional area

[0052] A = W*H (width*height).

[0053] Each compartment of the present application is individually ventilated, so that the ventilation path is no longer mixed. The door of the compartment is provided with a movable air outlet, which can adjust the height and air volume. When people of different heights in the compartment are in a squatting position, their mouth and nose are in a positive pressure state, ensuring that the escaping odor cannot enter the mouth and nose, and ensuring that fresh air is directly inhaled. The ventilation-air outlet is in a three-point-liner laminar flow state. The present application makes the compartment basically in a partition state, effectively reducing the flow gap between the compartment and the corridor in the bathroom, reducing air mixing, and the exhaust is after the squatting position, reducing the mixing of squatting exhaust, and shortening the exhaust path. Different from the general ventilation system target, it meets the urban public toilet hygiene evaluation index of the Public Toilet Hygiene Standard GB / T 17217-2021. The average concentration of odor gas in the public toilet should be less than the following threshold value: the concentration of hydrogen sulfide H2S should be ≤1.0e-008 Kg / m 3 , the concentration of ammonia NH3 should be ≤3.0e-007 Kg / m 3 . In addition to meeting the average concentration of odor, the present application can also meet the human mouth and nose activity area, and the odor point concentration is less than the threshold value of the hygiene evaluation index.

[0054] The above examples and drawings are not limited to the product shape and style of the present application. Any appropriate changes or modifications made by those skilled in the art shall be considered as not departing from the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A public toilet that provides positive pressure fresh air at the mouth and nose of the human body, characterized in that: include: Multiple compartments, each compartment is equipped with functional equipment, and each compartment has floor-to-ceiling walls on all four sides and a suspended ceiling on the top; Each of the compartments has an openable and closable door at the front. The door and the partition above it are at least 5cm thick and hollow in the middle. The partition above it is connected to the ceiling. An air vent is provided on the side of the door near the inside of the compartment at a height of 30-80cm from the ground. The ceiling is equipped with an air intake and exhaust system that communicates with the outside atmosphere. The air intake and exhaust system includes an intake fan, an exhaust fan, an intake duct, and an exhaust duct. The air inlet duct includes: a horizontal section of the air inlet duct located within the ceiling, a vertical section of the air inlet duct connected to it and located on the upper partition of the door, and a vertical air inlet duct located in the hollow part of the door; the horizontal section of the air inlet duct is connected to the air inlet fan, the vertical air inlet duct is located in the hollow part of the door, its upper end is connected to the vertical section of the air inlet duct when the door is closed, and its lower end is connected to the air outlet along the air supply path; The exhaust duct includes: a vertical section of the exhaust duct located on the rear wall of the partition and a horizontal section of the exhaust duct located in the ceiling and connected thereto; the horizontal section of the exhaust duct is connected to the exhaust fan; The rear wall of the compartment is provided with an exhaust vent at a height of 30-80cm from the ground, and the exhaust vent is connected to the vertical section of the exhaust pipe; The air supply vent and the air exhaust vent are positioned opposite each other, forming a line, so that when a person is in a squatting position, a local positive pressure fresh air is formed at their mouth and nose.

2. A public toilet that achieves positive pressure fresh air at the mouth and nose of the human body as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The aforementioned functional device is a squat toilet.

3. A public toilet that achieves positive pressure fresh air at the mouth and nose of the human body as described in claim 1, characterized in that: An adjustable air supply valve is provided above the air outlet.

4. A public toilet that achieves positive pressure fresh air at the mouth and nose of the human body as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The air outlet is a louvered type.

5. A public toilet that achieves positive pressure fresh air at the mouth and nose of the human body as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A drawer-type damping adjustment mechanism is provided below the air outlet.

6. A public toilet that achieves positive pressure fresh air at the mouth and nose of the human body as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Within the compartment, the supply air volume is 80% to 90% of the exhaust air volume, that is, a slightly negative pressure environment is formed inside the compartment to prevent the spread of pollutants. The pressure-balanced air volume is provided by the infiltration through the gaps in the compartment door.

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