Environmental control system for saturated diving

Abstract

The environmental control system comprises a cold and hot water unit and an environmental control cabin internal machine, the cold and hot water unit is arranged outside a cabin, the environmental control cabin internal machine is located in a living cabin, a transition cabin and a cabin washroom, and the cold and hot water unit comprises a refrigerating unit and a heating unit. The environmental control cabin inner machine comprises a carbon dioxide absorption tank, a pressure-resistant fan tank, a cooling unit, a heating unit and a processing unit which are sequentially connected along a gas flow path, and a water outlet and a water inlet of a heat exchanger of the cooling unit communicate with a cold water return port and a cold water outlet through connecting plates correspondingly. A water outlet and a water inlet of a heat exchanger of the heating unit are communicated with the hot water return port and the hot water outlet through connecting plates, the processing unit comprises a box body, a temperature adjusting element and an annular water tank, and the outer side surface of the temperature adjusting element makes contact with the inner side surface of the annular water tank. According to the invention, the response speed and the regulation and control precision of in-cabin temperature regulation are improved, and dynamic monitoring and regulation of in-cabin gas temperature and humidity and carbon dioxide concentration are realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the field of saturation diving life support, and particularly relates to a saturation diving life support system. BACKGROUND

[0002] The saturation diving system is mainly used for performing deep diving operations, such as rescue, emergency rescue and salvage tasks. The system is composed of multiple modules, including a living cabin module, a diving bell module, a hoisting module, a centralized operation control module, a life support equipment module, an emergency high-pressure escape cabin module, a support equipment module and a gas source module (optional). Among them, the living cabin (transition cabin) is the main working and living space for divers, and the comfort of the cabin environment is extremely high, especially temperature control is crucial to maintaining the life safety and work efficiency of divers. During deep sea operations, the temperature and humidity in the cabin and the carbon dioxide concentration need to be adjusted accurately at any time according to the operation requirements to ensure that the cabin environment is always in a suitable state. The cold and hot water unit and the cabin machine are the key equipment of the life support system, which usually provides cold and heat through the refrigeration circuit and the hot water system respectively, so as to cool or heat the cabin gas. In addition, some systems also have preliminary dehumidification and air exchange functions to maintain the air quality in the cabin.

[0003] However, the existing cold and hot water unit and the cabin machine still have many deficiencies when applied to mobile saturation diving operations. On the one hand, the traditional cold and hot water unit usually has a slow response speed, and when the temperature in the cabin environment changes suddenly, it is difficult to provide enough cold or heat in time, resulting in temperature control lag, which is not conducive to the high-intensity and fast-paced deep sea operation requirements. On the other hand, the cabin gas flow path design is relatively simple, and the cooling unit and the heating unit are independent in function, which cannot realize fine control of the gas temperature, and is prone to overcooling or overheating. In addition, the existing technology lacks real-time feedback mechanism for gas temperature and carbon dioxide concentration, and cannot dynamically adjust the processing flow according to the monitoring data, for example, when the gas processing is still not up to standard, manual intervention is needed for secondary processing, which seriously affects the operation efficiency. Further, the existing system has a relatively extensive design for the collection and utilization of condensed water, and fails to form a closed-loop regulation structure for resource recycling and temperature control coordination. Therefore, the existing saturation diving life support system is difficult to balance the response speed, control accuracy and system integration efficiency in the complex deep sea operation environment, and a new type of life support system with intelligent control and closed-loop management capability is urgently needed to improve it. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a saturation diving life support system, which aims to improve the response speed and control accuracy of temperature regulation in the cabin, realize dynamic monitoring and adjustment of the temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide concentration of the cabin gas, and build an efficient, intelligent and stable operation heat and humidity control system to meet the high requirements of mobile saturation diving operations on the control of the cabin environment.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present application is as follows:

[0006] The saturation diving environment control system comprises a cold and hot water unit and an environment control cabin unit, the cold and hot water unit is arranged outside the cabin, the environment control cabin unit is arranged in the living cabin, the transition cabin and the cabin washroom, the cold and hot water unit comprises a refrigeration unit and a heating unit, the refrigeration unit comprises a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and a plate heat exchanger connected in sequence, the heating unit comprises a heat storage water tank and an electric water tank connected in sequence, the inlet end and the outlet end of the plate heat exchanger are connected with the cold water return port and the cold water outlet of the cold and hot water unit respectively, the water inlet of the heat storage water tank is connected with the hot water return port of the cold and hot water unit, the water outlet of the electric water tank is connected with the hot water outlet of the cold and hot water unit, the environment control cabin unit comprises a carbon dioxide absorption tank, a pressure-resistant fan tank, a cooling unit, a heating unit and a processing unit connected in sequence along a gas flow path, the water outlet and the water inlet of the heat exchanger of the cooling unit are communicated with the cold water return port and the cold water outlet through the connecting plate respectively, the water outlet and the water inlet of the heat exchanger of the heating unit are communicated with the hot water return port and the hot water outlet through the connecting plate, the processing unit comprises a tank body and a temperature adjusting element and a ring-shaped water tank arranged around the outer wall of the tank body, and the outer surface of the temperature adjusting element is in contact with the inner surface of the ring-shaped water tank.

[0007] Preferably, a cold water storage tank is arranged between the plate heat exchanger and the cold water return port, and a first electromagnetic valve and a first water pump are arranged between the cold water storage tank and the plate heat exchanger.

[0008] Preferably, a bypass pipeline is arranged between the cold water return port and the cold water outlet, and a rapid cooling element and a second electromagnetic valve are arranged on the bypass pipeline.

[0009] Preferably, a third electromagnetic valve and a second water pump are arranged between the heat storage water tank and the electric water tank, the outlet of the second water pump is further communicated with the cold water storage tank through a connecting pipeline, and a fourth electromagnetic valve is arranged on the connecting pipeline.

[0010] Preferably, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a carbon dioxide concentration sensor and a controller are arranged in the tank body of the processing unit, the temperature adjusting element adopts a semiconductor refrigeration element, the contact surface of the temperature adjusting element with the tank body of the processing unit is a cold end or a hot end, the controller switches the current direction to realize the switching of refrigeration and heating, so as to realize the accurate adjustment of the cabin gas temperature.

[0011] Preferably, the box of the processing unit is further connected with a backflow pipeline, the backflow pipeline is provided with an air extraction pump and a fifth electromagnetic valve, and returns to the cooling unit through a first backflow branch and returns to the carbon dioxide absorption tank through a second backflow branch, the first backflow branch and the second backflow branch are respectively provided with a sixth electromagnetic valve and a seventh electromagnetic valve.

[0012] Preferably, the controller is configured to: when only the deviation of the gas temperature in the box from the target temperature exceeds the first temperature threshold, the controller starts the air extraction pump, the fifth electromagnetic valve and the sixth electromagnetic valve; when only the deviation of the carbon dioxide concentration in the box from the target concentration exceeds the concentration threshold, the controller starts the air extraction pump, the fifth electromagnetic valve and the seventh electromagnetic valve; when the deviation of the gas temperature in the box from the target temperature exceeds the first temperature threshold and the deviation of the carbon dioxide concentration in the box from the target concentration exceeds the concentration threshold, the controller starts the air extraction pump, the fifth electromagnetic valve and the seventh electromagnetic valve.

[0013] Preferably, when the deviation of the gas temperature in the box from the target temperature is less than the first temperature threshold and greater than the second temperature threshold, the controller controls the temperature regulating element to be powered on to cool or heat.

[0014] Preferably, the lower part of the heat exchanger of the cooling unit is provided with a water collecting tray, the water collecting tray is connected to the annular water tank through a pipeline for recycling or heat exchange temperature regulation, and the annular water tank can be used as a water supply tank of a humidification device.

[0015] Preferably, the condenser is provided with a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet for communication with an external cooling circulation system.

[0016] The present application has the following advantages:

[0017] (1) The present application sets up an efficient heat exchange connection structure between the cold and hot water unit and the multiple functional units in the cabin, so that the gas in the cabin can be quickly cooled or heated when the temperature suddenly changes, and the temperature control response speed is significantly improved. At the same time, the cooling unit, the heating unit and the fine adjustment processing unit are arranged in the cabin, supporting multi-stage temperature regulation strategy, which can flexibly adjust the gas temperature according to the actual working condition, avoid overcooling or overheating phenomenon, and ensure that the diver is in a comfortable and stable working environment; the cooling unit in the present application not only has refrigeration function, but also can dehumidify the gas in the cabin, and the dehumidified gas can continue to flow through the heating unit to realize rewarming, effectively preventing low temperature discomfort caused by sudden drop of air humidity, improving the continuity and comfort of gas regulation, and adapting to the dual control demand of dryness and temperature in the saturation diving environment.

[0018] (2)The application sets a treatment unit at the end of the cabin gas flow path, configures a backflow pipeline and a multi-way electromagnetic valve, supports the gas backflow to the cooling unit or the carbon dioxide absorption tank for secondary treatment. In combination with the monitoring data of the temperature sensor and the carbon dioxide concentration sensor, the controller can determine in real time whether the gas meets the standard, dynamically control the gas flow path, realize intelligent closed-loop processing, reduce the frequency of manual intervention, and improve the stability and reliability of system operation; The application sets a semiconductor refrigeration element in the treatment unit, which is suitable for precise control when the temperature variation range of the gas is small, and realizes cold-hot switching through current direction switching. Compared with the traditional large temperature difference adjustment mode of cold-hot water unit, this scheme can realize detailed regulation of the cabin gas temperature without increasing a large amount of energy consumption, improve the energy efficiency ratio, and effectively prolong the service life of the equipment.

[0019] (3)The application sets a water pan in the cooling unit, which is used for collecting condensed water in the gas cooling process and introducing the condensed water into the annular water tank outside the treatment unit through a pipeline. The annular water tank not only forms a heat exchange structure with the temperature adjusting element to improve the cabin gas temperature adjusting efficiency, but also serves as a water supply tank for the humidifying equipment to provide water source for the humidifying module when the cabin environment is dry, so as to realize closed-loop regulation of dehumidification and humidification; The application fully utilizes the condensed water resources, constructs a multi-purpose water circulation system integrating recycling, temperature adjusting and humidifying functions, and improves the overall energy efficiency and cabin comfort control capability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] One or more embodiments are exemplarily illustrated by corresponding drawings, which do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments, and elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings represent similar elements, unless otherwise specified, and the drawings do not constitute a proportional limit.

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the environmental control system for saturation diving shown in the embodiment of the application;

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the water chiller shown in the embodiment of the application;

[0023] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the environmental control cabin machine shown in the embodiment of the application;

[0024] Figure 4 A structural schematic diagram of the temperature adjusting element and the annular water tank shown in the embodiment of the application.

[0025] Reference: 1 - compressor; 2 - condenser; 3 - expansion valve; 4 - plate heat exchanger; 5 - hot water storage tank; 6 - electric water heater; 7 - cold water return; 8 - cold water outlet; 9 - hot water return; 10 - hot water outlet; 11 - carbon dioxide absorption tank; 12 - pressure-resistant fan tank; 13 - cooling unit; 14 - heating unit; 15 - processing unit; 16 - temperature regulating element; 17 - ring-shaped water tank; 18 - cold water storage tank; 19 - first electromagnetic valve; 20 - first water pump; 21 - rapid cooling element; 22 - second electromagnetic valve; 23 - third electromagnetic valve; 24 - second water pump; 25 - fourth electromagnetic valve; 26 - return pipeline; 27 - air suction pump; 28 - fifth electromagnetic valve; 29 - first return branch; 30 - second return branch; 31 - sixth electromagnetic valve; 32 - seventh electromagnetic valve; 33 - water collecting pan; 34 - cooling water inlet; 35 - cooling water outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] For the purpose of promoting the understanding of the present application, the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments. It is noted that when an element is referred to as being "on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or one or more intervening elements can be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or one or more intervening elements can be present. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right", "inner", "outer" and similar terms as used in the description are for illustrative purposes only. In the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second" are used only for the purpose of description and should not be construed as indicating relative importance or implying a specific number of the technical features indicated. Thus, unless otherwise specified, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features; the meaning of "plurality" is two or more. The term "include" and any variation thereof means non-exclusive inclusion, and one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, units, components and / or combinations thereof can be present or added.

[0027] In addition, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mount", "connect", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrally connected; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or internal communication of two elements. All technical and scientific terms used in the specification have the same meaning as understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs. The terms used in the specification of the present application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application. The term "and / or" used in the specification includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0028] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0029] Please refer to Figures 1-4 The embodiment provides a saturation diving environment control system, which comprises a cold and hot water unit and an environment control cabin unit. The cold and hot water unit is arranged outside the cabin, and the environment control cabin unit is arranged in the living cabin, the transition cabin and the cabin washroom. The cold and hot water unit comprises a refrigeration unit and a heating unit. The refrigeration unit comprises a compressor 1, a condenser 2, an expansion valve 3 and a plate heat exchanger 4 connected in sequence. The compressor 1 is used for compressing refrigerant to increase the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant. The condenser 2 is used for releasing heat of the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant to condense the refrigerant into liquid. The expansion valve 3 reduces the pressure of the liquid refrigerant. The plate heat exchanger 4 realizes the transfer of cold energy by heat exchange with a water circuit. The heating unit comprises a heat storage water tank 5 and an electric heating water tank 6 connected in sequence. The heat storage water tank 5 is used for pre-storing hot water. The electric heating water tank 6 further increases the water temperature by electric heating and is used for supplying high-temperature heat medium water. The inlet end and the outlet end of the plate heat exchanger 4 are connected with a cold water return 7 and a cold water outlet 8 of the cold and hot water unit respectively, so as to form a refrigerant water circulation path to provide cold energy for a cooling unit 13. A water inlet of the heat storage water tank 5 is connected with a hot water return 9 of the cold and hot water unit, and a water outlet of the electric heating water tank 6 is connected with a hot water outlet 10 of the cold and hot water unit, so as to form a hot water supply path to provide heat for a heating unit 14. The environment control cabin unit comprises a carbon dioxide absorption tank 11, a pressure-resistant fan tank 12, the cooling unit 13, the heating unit 14 and a processing unit 15 connected in sequence along a gas flow path.

[0030] The carbon dioxide absorption tank 11 is used for removing carbon dioxide components in cabin gas. The removal of carbon dioxide is realized by a sodium lime box arranged on a ventilation circuit of the cabin environment control machine. The sodium lime box is filled with sodium lime particles for chemical reaction with carbon dioxide. When the gas flows through the sodium lime box, the carbon dioxide in the gas can be efficiently adsorbed and neutralized, so as to ensure the safety and stability of the cabin air composition. Two sodium lime boxes are arranged, which are used as backup for each other. When one of the sodium lime boxes is saturated or needs to be replaced, the backup sodium lime box can be switched to continue operation, so as to ensure that the carbon dioxide removal function is not interrupted and the reliability and continuous operation capability of the system are improved. In order to further purify the cabin gas, other filter materials can be arranged in the carbon dioxide absorption tank 11 to absorb other harmful gases such as methane, so as to construct multiple purification function modules to meet the high standard requirements for air quality in the saturation diving operation environment.

[0031] The pressure-resistant fan tank 12 provides airflow driving force to push the gas to flow through the subsequent processing structure; the cooling unit 13 and the heating unit 14 respectively realize cooling and heating adjustment of the gas. The outlet and inlet of the heat exchanger of the cooling unit 13 are respectively connected with the cold water return 7 and the cold water outlet 8 through the connecting plate, realizing circulation connection with the refrigerant water circuit of the cold and hot water unit, so as to complete the cold exchange; the outlet and inlet of the heat exchanger of the heating unit 14 are connected with the hot water return 9 and the hot water outlet 10 through the connecting plate, forming a closed loop flow path of the heat medium water to provide heat adjustment. The processing unit 15 includes a box body and a temperature adjusting element 16 and a ring-shaped water tank 17 arranged around the outer wall of the box body, the outer surface of the temperature adjusting element 16 is in contact with the inner surface of the ring-shaped water tank 17, and the temperature adjusting element 16 adopts a semiconductor refrigeration structure and is used for fine temperature adjustment of the gas after preliminary processing.

[0032] Further, a cold water storage tank 18 is further arranged between the plate heat exchanger 4 and the cold water return 7, which is used for storing and buffering the cold water supply to ensure the stability of the cooling system. A first electromagnetic valve 19 and a first water pump 20 are arranged between the cold water storage tank 18 and the plate heat exchanger 4, the first electromagnetic valve 19 is used for controlling the cold water flow, and the first water pump 20 provides power to deliver the cold water to the plate heat exchanger 4 for cooling.

[0033] In this embodiment, a bypass pipeline is arranged between the cold water return 7 and the cold water outlet 8, which provides a standby path for the cooling water to flow through, improving the flexibility and rapid response capability of the cooling system. A rapid cooling element 21 and a second electromagnetic valve 22 are arranged on the bypass pipeline, the rapid cooling element 21 adopts a circular ring-shaped semiconductor refrigeration element, the inner side of the circular ring-shaped semiconductor refrigeration element is a cold end, and the outer side is a hot end. The cold end is directly in contact with the cooling water flowing through the bypass pipeline, rapidly reducing the water temperature to meet the initial rapid cooling demand, and the hot end is wrapped with a heat storage medium, which is used to absorb and store the heat released by the semiconductor refrigeration element during operation to prevent the heat from spreading to the surrounding environment and affecting the system performance. The cooling water flow is controlled by the second electromagnetic valve 22, and the rapid cooling element 21 can be quickly started and stopped to meet the adjustment demand of the cooling system for the cooling capacity output under different working conditions, further optimizing the response speed and energy consumption efficiency of the cooling process. In some embodiments, the heat absorbed by the heat storage medium can be further utilized, specifically by being communicated with the heat storage tank 5 through a pipeline to realize efficient recovery of the heat. When the rapid cooling element 21 stops running or switches to a compressor refrigeration, the heat stored in the heat storage medium can be conducted to the heat storage tank 5 through the heat conduction pipe, so that the water temperature in the heat storage tank 5 is increased to provide initial heat support for the subsequent heating process.

[0034] Further, a third electromagnetic valve 23 and a second water pump 24 are arranged between the hot water storage tank 5 and the electric hot water tank 6, the third electromagnetic valve 23 is used to control the hot water flow path, and the second water pump 24 provides power to deliver hot water to the electric hot water tank 6 for heating. The outlet of the second water pump 24 also communicates with the cold water storage tank 18 through a connecting pipeline, and a fourth electromagnetic valve 25 is arranged on the connecting pipeline. The fourth electromagnetic valve 25 can control the cold water in the cold water storage tank 18 to enter the heating unit to realize flexible switching and cooperation of the cold water and hot water systems. The design of the fourth electromagnetic valve 25 enables the heating unit and the refrigeration unit to be effectively combined together, and in certain cases, the heating unit can introduce cold water for cooling. For example, when the electric hot water tank 6 appears overheating phenomenon in the continuous heating process, the cold water flow path can be opened through the fourth electromagnetic valve 25, and the cold water in the cold water storage tank 18 is introduced into the electric hot water tank 6 to rapidly reduce the water temperature, preventing the temperature from being too high to affect the cabin comfort or damage the system equipment. In addition, after the short-term temperature rise demand in the cabin is over, if it is necessary to appropriately reduce the cabin temperature, cold water can be directly introduced for cooling through the fourth electromagnetic valve 25 to shorten the system response time and meet the temperature dynamic adjustment demand.

[0035] In this embodiment, the box body of the processing unit 15 is provided with a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a carbon dioxide concentration sensor and a controller. The temperature sensor is used to collect the temperature data of the cabin gas after preliminary processing in real time, the humidity sensor is used to detect the relative humidity of the cabin gas, the carbon dioxide concentration sensor is used to monitor the carbon dioxide content in the gas, and the controller analyzes and processes the sensor data and issues control instructions according to the processing results to realize automatic adjustment of the system. The temperature adjusting element 16 adopts a semiconductor refrigeration element which works by using the Peltier effect and has the characteristics of fast response and strong controllability in the field of small and precise temperature adjustment, and is suitable for end fine adjustment of the cabin gas. The contact surface of the temperature adjusting element 16 with the box body of the processing unit 15 is a cold end or a hot end, which can cool or heat the gas in the box body. When it is a cold end, it absorbs heat to cool the gas, and when it is a hot end, it releases heat to heat the gas, so that the cabin can be flexibly adjusted according to the needs. The controller realizes the switching of refrigeration or heating by switching the current direction, that is, by reversing the direction of electron flow in the semiconductor refrigeration element to control the exchange of cold end and hot end, so as to realize precise adjustment of the temperature of the cabin gas and meet the high requirements of comfort and safety in deep sea operation. When the humidity sensor detects that the humidity in the cabin exceeds the set threshold, the controller controls the gas to flow through the cooling unit 13 for dehumidification, and then performs rewarming operation through the heating unit 14 to avoid the discomfort of the divers caused by the temperature drop in the dehumidification process, so as to realize separate regulation and control of temperature and humidity and ensure the stability and comfort of the cabin environment.

[0036] In some embodiments, the cabinet of the processing unit 15 is also connected with a backflow pipeline 26 for guiding the gas that does not meet the standard after processing back to the front-stage processing module for repeated adjustment, so as to build a closed-loop circulation path of the cabin gas to improve the adjustment effect and system stability. The backflow pipeline 26 is provided with an air extraction pump 27 and a fifth electromagnetic valve 28, the air extraction pump 27 provides backflow power for the gas, and the fifth electromagnetic valve 28 is used for controlling whether to allow the gas to enter the backflow path. The backflow pipeline 26 returns to the cooling unit 13 through a first backflow branch 29, which does not mean that the gas must be subjected to cooling treatment, but means that the gas will pass through the cooling unit 13 and the heating unit 14 in turn on the path, and whether the two units are enabled is determined and controlled to be opened or closed by the controller according to the temperature adjustment needs. The gas returns to the carbon dioxide absorption tank 11 through a second backflow branch 30, and after the gas returns to flow through the carbon dioxide absorption tank 11 through the second backflow branch 30, it still needs to continue to flow through the cooling unit 13 and the heating unit 14 to ensure that the temperature of the gas is appropriate, and the cooling unit 13 and the heating unit 14 are closed when temperature adjustment is not needed. The first backflow branch 29 and the second backflow branch 30 are respectively provided with a sixth electromagnetic valve 31 and a seventh electromagnetic valve 32, the sixth electromagnetic valve 31 is used for controlling whether the gas flow is guided to pass through the cooling unit 13, and the seventh electromagnetic valve 32 is used for controlling whether the gas flow is guided to pass through the carbon dioxide absorption tank 11, so as to realize accurate distribution and closed-loop adjustment of the gas flow processing path.

[0037] Correspondingly, the controller is configured to: when only the deviation of the temperature of the gas in the cabinet from the target temperature exceeds the first temperature threshold, the controller starts the air extraction pump 27, the fifth electromagnetic valve 28 and the sixth electromagnetic valve 31, so that the gas returns to the cooling unit 13, and the gas passes through the cooling unit 13 and the heating unit 14 in turn, and the controller decides whether to start any one of the units according to the current temperature deviation, so as to ensure that the gas can realize the required temperature adjustment after passing through these structures.

[0038] When only the deviation of the carbon dioxide concentration in the cabinet from the target concentration exceeds the concentration threshold, the controller starts the air extraction pump 27, the fifth electromagnetic valve 28 and the seventh electromagnetic valve 32, the gas will preferentially flow through the carbon dioxide absorption tank 11 to remove excess carbon dioxide, and at the same time, the gas will still pass through the cooling unit 13 and the heating unit 14, but the controller does not start the cooling unit 13 and the heating unit 14 at this time, that is, keeps them in the closed state, so as to avoid unnecessary temperature disturbance and ensure that the treatment of the gas composition is the dominant target.

[0039] When the deviation of the gas temperature in the box from the target temperature exceeds the first temperature threshold and the deviation of the carbon dioxide concentration in the box from the target concentration exceeds the concentration threshold, the controller starts the air extraction pump 27, the fifth electromagnetic valve 28 and the seventh electromagnetic valve 32, and the gas first enters the carbon dioxide absorption tank 11 for gas composition adjustment, and then passes through the cooling unit 13 and the heating unit 14. In this working condition, the controller determines whether to start the cooling unit 13 or the heating unit 14 according to the temperature deviation, realizes the linkage control of carbon dioxide removal and temperature adjustment, and improves the overall environmental control performance and adjustment accuracy.

[0040] When the deviation of the gas temperature in the box from the target temperature is less than the first temperature threshold and greater than the second temperature threshold, the controller controls the temperature adjusting element 16 to be powered on for cooling or heating. At this time, it is not necessary to process the large system circulation through the air extraction return flow path, but the gas is finely adjusted at the end through the semiconductor refrigeration technology in the processing unit 15, so as to reduce the energy consumption, improve the system response efficiency and the flexible adaptation ability of environmental control.

[0041] In addition, the lower part of the heat exchanger of the cooling unit 13 is provided with a water collecting tray 33 for collecting the condensed water generated in the gas dehumidification process, preventing the water droplets from remaining in the bottom of the heat exchanger to affect the heat exchange efficiency or from dropping into the equipment to cause corrosion or short circuit and other problems. The water collecting tray 33 is connected to the annular water tank 17 through a pipeline, the connecting pipeline can orderly introduce the collected water into the annular water tank 17, form a recycling channel for the condensed water, and avoid resource waste. The annular water tank 17 is used for recycling or heat exchange temperature adjustment. On the one hand, the condensed water as an intermediate working medium can participate in the heat exchange process of the temperature adjusting element 16, improve the temperature adjusting efficiency and stabilize the heat conduction; on the other hand, the condensed water stored in the annular water tank 17 can be used as a water supply tank for the humidification equipment, and when the humidity in the cabin is low, the humidification system is provided with a water source, so that a closed-loop water management strategy is realized among dehumidification, temperature recovery and re-humidification, and the demand for accurate regulation of the humidity in the cabin in deep sea operation is met.

[0042] In the embodiment, the condenser 2 is arranged with a cooling water inlet 34 and a cooling water outlet 35. The cooling water inlet 34 is used to introduce low-temperature cooling water in the external cooling circulation system, and the cooling water outlet 35 is used to discharge high-temperature water after heat exchange, so as to complete the heat exchange process between the refrigerant in the condenser 2 and the external cooling water. In the typical application environment of saturation diving, the external cooling water can also indirectly use seawater as a cold source through a plate heat exchanger. The seawater transmits cold energy to a closed fresh water circulation system through a primary heat exchanger, and then the fresh water system delivers the cold energy to the condenser 2 for heat exchange, which not only ensures the cleanliness and corrosion prevention of the waterway in the system, but also fully utilizes the stable and sufficient low-temperature resources in the marine environment, significantly improves the cooling efficiency and energy utilization rate.

[0043] The cabin machine of the application constructs a perfect gas treatment path through the carbon dioxide absorption tank 11, pressure-resistant fan tank 12, cooling unit 13, heating unit 14 and processing unit 15 connected in sequence, and has full-process closed-loop regulation and control capability from gas circulation driving, harmful gas removal, temperature and humidity adjustment to end fine control. The cooling unit 13 and the heating unit 14 can be opened as needed to realize the cooling, heating and dehumidification functions of the gas; the processing unit 15 cooperates with the temperature adjusting element 16 and the annular water tank 17, not only has the ability to fine-tune the end temperature of the gas, but also can combine the condensate water recovery and humidification water supply functions to realize humidity adjustment. Through real-time monitoring of the temperature sensor, humidity sensor and carbon dioxide concentration sensor, and intelligent judgment of the processing strategy by the controller, the cabin machine can dynamically adjust the gas state according to the operation requirements, achieve multi-parameter accurate control of temperature, humidity and gas composition, and fully meet the high-standard requirements of saturation diving operation on the safety, stability and comfort of the cabin environment.

[0044] In summary, the application discloses a saturation diving environmental control system, which comprises a cold and hot water unit arranged outside the cabin and an environmental control cabin machine arranged in the living cabin, the transition cabin and the cabin washroom. The cold and hot water unit comprises a refrigeration unit composed of a compressor 1, a condenser 2, an expansion valve 3 and a plate heat exchanger 4, and a heating unit composed of a heat storage water tank 5 and an electric water tank 6, which provide refrigerant water and heat medium water for the cooling unit 13 and the heating unit 14, respectively. The cabin machine is connected in sequence along the gas flow path to the carbon dioxide absorption tank 11, the pressure-resistant fan tank 12, the cooling unit 13, the heating unit 14 and the processing unit 15, and the processing unit 15 is provided with a temperature adjusting element 16 and an annular water tank 17, which can realize fine tuning of the end gas temperature and condensate water recycling. The application realizes linkage detection of the temperature sensor, humidity sensor and carbon dioxide concentration sensor, and intelligent control of the temperature adjusting element 16, the air pump 27 and multiple electromagnetic valves under the guidance of the return pipeline 26, the first return branch 29 and the second return branch 30, so as to realize recirculation treatment and accurate adjustment of the gas according to different working conditions in the cabin. The system has multiple functions such as dehumidification, humidification, cooling, heating, carbon dioxide removal and end temperature adjustment, and meets the high reliability and high adaptability control requirements of the cabin gas environment. The application solves the problems of slow response, inaccurate adjustment, lack of closed-loop feedback and water resource recycling mechanism of the traditional saturation diving environmental control system, provides a safer, energy-saving and intelligent environmental control solution for deep-sea saturation diving operation, and has significant engineering application value and popularization prospect.

[0045] The above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit the present application; the technical features in the above examples or different examples can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other changes of different aspects of the present application as described above, which are not provided in details for simplicity; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing examples can be modified, or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. An environmental control system for saturation diving, characterized in that, The system includes a hot and cold water unit and an indoor unit for environmental control. The hot and cold water unit is located outside the cabin, while the indoor unit for environmental control is located in the living quarters, transition cabin, and cabin lavatory. The hot and cold water unit includes a refrigeration unit and a heating unit. The refrigeration unit includes a compressor (1), a condenser (2), an expansion valve (3), and a plate heat exchanger (4) connected in sequence. The heating unit includes a hot water storage tank (5) and an electric hot water tank (6) connected in sequence. The inlet and outlet of the plate heat exchanger (4) are connected to the cold water return port (7) and cold water outlet (8) of the hot and cold water unit, respectively. The inlet of the hot water storage tank (5) is connected to the hot water return port (9) of the hot and cold water unit, and the outlet of the electric hot water tank (6) is connected to the hot water outlet of the hot and cold water unit. 10) The indoor unit of the environmental control cabin includes a carbon dioxide absorption tank (11), a pressure-resistant fan tank (12), a cooling unit (13), a heating unit (14) and a processing unit (15) connected in sequence along the gas flow path. The outlet and inlet of the heat exchanger of the cooling unit (13) are connected to the cold water return port (7) and the cold water outlet (8) respectively through a connecting plate. The outlet and inlet of the heat exchanger of the heating unit (14) are connected to the hot water return port (9) and the hot water outlet (10) through a connecting plate. The processing unit (15) includes a box body and a temperature regulating element (16) and an annular water tank (17) arranged around the outer wall of the box body. The outer surface of the temperature regulating element (16) is in contact with the inner surface of the annular water tank (17).

2. The environmental control system for saturation diving according to claim 1, characterized in that, A cold water storage tank (18) is also provided between the plate heat exchanger (4) and the cold water return port (7), and a first solenoid valve (19) and a first water pump (20) are provided between the cold water storage tank (18) and the plate heat exchanger (4).

3. The environmental control system for saturation diving according to claim 2, characterized in that, A bypass pipe is provided between the cold water return port (7) and the cold water outlet (8), and a rapid cooling element (21) and a second solenoid valve (22) are provided on the bypass pipe.

4. The environmental control system for saturation diving according to claim 3, characterized in that, A third solenoid valve (23) and a second water pump (24) are provided between the hot water storage tank (5) and the electric hot water tank (6). The outlet of the second water pump (24) is also connected to the cold water storage tank (18) through a connecting pipe. A fourth solenoid valve (25) is provided on the connecting pipe.

5. The environmental control system for saturation diving according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The processing unit (15) is equipped with a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a carbon dioxide concentration sensor and a controller. The temperature regulating element (16) is a semiconductor refrigeration element. The contact surface between the temperature regulating element (16) and the processing unit (15) is either a cold end or a hot end. The controller switches between cooling and heating by switching the direction of the energizing current, so as to achieve precise adjustment of the gas temperature inside the chamber.

6. The environmental control system for saturation diving according to claim 5, characterized in that, The casing of the processing unit (15) is also connected to a return pipe (26). The return pipe (26) is equipped with a vacuum pump (27) and a fifth solenoid valve (28). The return pipe returns to the cooling unit (13) through the first return branch (29) and to the carbon dioxide absorption tank (11) through the second return branch (30). The first return branch (29) and the second return branch (30) are respectively equipped with a sixth solenoid valve (31) and a seventh solenoid valve (32).

7. The environmental control system for saturation diving according to claim 6, characterized in that, The controller is configured to: activate the vacuum pump (27), the fifth solenoid valve (28), and the sixth solenoid valve (31) when only the deviation between the gas temperature inside the chamber and the target temperature exceeds the first temperature threshold; activate the vacuum pump (27), the fifth solenoid valve (28), and the seventh solenoid valve (32) when only the deviation between the carbon dioxide concentration inside the chamber and the target concentration exceeds the concentration threshold; and activate the vacuum pump (27), the fifth solenoid valve (28), and the seventh solenoid valve (32) when both the deviation between the gas temperature inside the chamber and the target temperature exceeds the first temperature threshold and the deviation between the carbon dioxide concentration inside the chamber and the target concentration exceeds the concentration threshold.

8. The environmental control system for saturation diving according to claim 7, characterized in that, When the deviation between the gas temperature inside the chamber and the target temperature is less than the first temperature threshold and greater than the second temperature threshold, the controller controls the temperature regulating element (16) to be energized for cooling or heating.

9. The environmental control system for saturation diving according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lower part of the heat exchanger of the cooling unit (13) is provided with a water collection tray (33), which is connected to the annular water tank (17) through a pipe for recycling or heat exchange and temperature regulation. The annular water tank (17) can be used as a water supply tank for the humidification equipment.

10. The environmental control system for saturation diving according to claim 1, characterized in that, The condenser (2) is provided with a cooling water inlet (34) and a cooling water outlet (35) for connecting with an external cooling circulation system.

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