Soap bar compositions with improved skin benefits

Abstract

Disclosed is a composition comprising 20-80% by weight of total fatty matter; 0.1 to 5 wt% of an electrolyte; 0.001% to 5% by weight of a PPAR activator selected from the group consisting of 10-hydroxystearic acid or 12-hydroxystearic acid; 1-45% by weight of a composite carbohydrate comprising starch; and 10 to 50% by weight of water.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present invention relates to cosmetic compositions designed to improve the appearance and health of the skin. The present invention relates to the field of soap compositions that provide uniform tone, radiance, transparency and barrier benefits to the skin. More particularly, the present invention relates to such compositions having complex carbohydrates comprising starch and PPAR activators. BACKGROUND

[0002] Skin suffers from degradation due to skin disorders, environmental damage (wind, air conditioning, central heating) or through the normal aging process (chronoaging) which can be accelerated due to exposure of the skin to sunlight (photoaging). In recent years, there has been a great increase in the demand for cosmetic compositions and cosmetic methods for improving the appearance and condition of the skin.

[0003] Many people are concerned about the quality and appearance of their skin and want to work on it. Dermatologists also desire to ensure that cleansing products support the skin and help to improve the quality of the skin. Basically, cleansing products should care for the skin and add to the skin.

[0004] Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (herein abbreviated PPAR) are transcription factors that control lipid metabolism. There are three subtypes PPAR alpha, PPAR beta / delta and PPAR gamma, all of which are located in the skin according to Riviers et al., J. Invest. Dermatol. 111, 1116-1121 (1998). A range of specific fatty acids activate these factors leading to anti-inflammatory effects to reduce skin irritant responses and pro-differentiating / anti-proliferative responses to normalise skin metabolism and provide additional skin care benefits. In US-A-5981586, Pershadsingh teaches that PPAR ligands can reduce proliferation and inflammation in the skin. In PCT application WO-A-98 / 32444, Elias et al. teach that PPAR ligands can restore / prevent skin barrier dysfunction. In EP-A-888773, Malnoe et al. describe the use of the PPAR-activating lipid petroselinic acid for the treatment and prevention of inflammation in superficial tissues. Furthermore, in PCT application WO-A-99 / 47110, Alaluf et al. teach the use of petroselinic acid or its glycerol ester to reduce skin irritation in skin treatments aimed at combating both aging and wrinkles, and also to provide skin lightening properties. In EP-A-709084, Laugier et al. describe the use of coriander oil rich in petroselinic acid in skin cosmetic compositions for moisturising dry skin. In US-A-5260053, Chappell et al. describe a deodorant formulation containing coriander oil specifically to achieve odour reduction by reducing the population of both micrococci and diphtheroids, and to mask any residual androstenone compounds.

[0005] WO2018113636 (Unilever) discloses a combination of modified GSH module amino acid mixtures containing cystine, glutamic acid and glycine with PPAR-activated fatty acids, which achieves a synergistic increase in skin whitening, thereby offsetting the disadvantage of low solubility of cystine.

[0006] WO2001008653 (Unilever) discloses a topical composition comprising: (a) a first lipid selected from phellandic acid and / or docosahexaenoic acid and / or derivatives thereof; (b) a second lipid being an activator of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha subtype and / or derivatives thereof and / or mixtures thereof; and (c) a skin-acceptable mediator; provided that the first and second lipids are not the same lipids. This composition can be used as a cosmetic anti-aging skin cream and lotion.

[0007] WO12110276 (Unilever) discloses a leave-on, non-solid oil continuous skin conditioning composition containing 12-hydroxystearic acid. The composition contains 12HSA but still has a relatively low viscosity, making it suitable for spreading on the skin, and is stable during storage and structurally reversible through temperature cycling.

[0008] CN106675895A relates to the technical field of daily chemical products, and more particularly to a low-irritant hand soap and its preparation method. The hand soap contains the following raw materials in the indicated weight percentages: 8%-12% olive oil, 5%-8% oleic acid, 4%-6% linoleic acid, 1.5%-2.5% sodium hydroxide, 2%-4% potassium carbonate, 10%-15% lecithin, 4%-6% dehydrated sorbitol fatty acid ester, 2%-3% rosin acid, 3%-5% propolis, 0.2%-0.4% sodium bicarbonate, 2%-4% starch, 0.2%-0.4% sodium acetate, 0.3%-0.5% essential oil, and 40%-50% water. The hand soap disclosed in this invention has a pH value of approximately 7.2-7.6, avoiding skin irritation caused by the strong alkalinity of traditional hand soaps. Furthermore, the added propolis and starch not only benefit skin disinfection and nourishment but also promote the formation of the hand soap.

[0009] Hydroxystearic acid has been known in the cosmetics industry for some time. However, complex carbohydrates such as starch have been used as part of the structuring system in soap bars, but no specific benefits have been reported, and they are mainly used as fillers.

[0010] Most people consider skin health and appearance to be one of the key indicators of their own beauty and well-being. This is influenced by factors such as age, hormonal changes, the occurrence of acne, and exposure to sunlight and pollution.

[0011] Therefore, there is always a need for a composition that can improve the appearance of the skin, and it is highly desirable for consumers to include skin-beneficial agents in consumer products that are already part of their daily cleansing routine and do not require any additional skin care steps.

[0012] Therefore, soap compositions that meet the immediate need for skin improvement need to be affordable and work to enhance the skin with continued use. Summary of the Invention

[0013] A first aspect of the present invention provides a soap composition comprising:

[0014] i. 20-80% by weight of total fat;

[0015] ii. 0.1-5% by weight of electrolyte;

[0016] iii. 0.001% - 5% by weight of PPAR activator;

[0017] iv. 1-45% by weight of complex carbohydrates containing starch; and

[0018] v. 10-50% by weight of water.

[0019] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the soap composition of the first aspect, comprising:

[0020] i. Saponifying fatty substances with alkali to produce saponified materials;

[0021] ii. Add 1-45% by weight of a starch-containing complex carbohydrate or a modified starch-containing complex carbohydrate and water, based on the weight of the soap bar composition, to obtain the soap material; and

[0022] iii. Extruding the soap material from step (b) to obtain soap bars according to the first aspect,

[0023] In step (i) or (ii), 0.01-5% by weight of PPAR activator is added based on the weight of the soap bar composition.

[0024] A third aspect of the invention provides the use of PPAR activator and starch-containing complex carbohydrates in a soap composition according to the first aspect for providing shine to the skin compared to a soap bar composition without PPAR activator and starch-containing complex carbohydrates.

[0025] The fourth aspect of the invention provides the use of PPAR activator and starch-containing complex carbohydrates in soap compositions according to the first aspect for providing an even skin tone compared to soap bar compositions without PPAR activator and starch-containing complex carbohydrates.

[0026] The fifth aspect of the invention provides the use of PPAR activator and starch-containing complex carbohydrates in soap compositions according to the first aspect for providing skin transparency compared to soap bar compositions without PPAR activator and starch-containing complex carbohydrates.

[0027] The sixth aspect of the invention provides the use of PPAR activator and starch-containing complex carbohydrates in a soap composition according to the first aspect for fading skin spots compared to a soap bar composition without PPAR activator and starch-containing complex carbohydrates.

[0028] As used herein, the term “comprising” encompasses the terms “substantially consisting of” and “consisting of”. When using the term “comprising,” the listed steps or options need not be exhaustive. Unless otherwise stated, a numerical range expressed in the form of “x to y” should be understood to include both x and y. When specifying a range of any value or quantity, any particular upper limit value or quantity may be associated with any particular lower limit value or quantity. Except in examples and comparative experiments, or where otherwise expressly indicated, all figures should be understood to be modified by the word “about.” Unless otherwise specified, all percentages and ratios contained herein are by weight. Unless otherwise stated, the indefinite article “a” or “an” and its corresponding definite article “the” as used herein refer to at least one, or one or more. Where appropriate, various features of the invention mentioned in the foregoing individual sections may be adapted to other sections with necessary modifications. Thus, where appropriate, a feature specified in one section may be combined with a feature specified in other sections. Any section headings are added for convenience only and are not intended to limit this disclosure in any way. The invention is not limited to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. Therefore, it should be understood that when a feature mentioned in a claim is followed by a reference numeral, such reference numerals are included only for the purpose of improving the comprehensibility of the claim, and are by no means intended to limit the scope of the claim.

[0029] Throughout this specification, unless otherwise stated, wt% refers to the total weight of the soap composition of the present invention.

[0030] The various components of the composition are described in more detail below. Detailed Implementation

[0031] These and other aspects, features, and advantages will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description and appended claims. For the avoidance of doubt, any feature of one aspect of the invention may be used in any other aspect of the invention. The word “comprising” is intended to mean “including” but not necessarily “consisting of” or “made of”. In other words, the listed steps or options need not be exhaustive. It should be noted that the examples given in the following description are intended to illustrate the invention and not to limit the invention to those examples alone. Similarly, unless otherwise specified, all percentages are weight / weight percentages. Except in the operational and comparative examples, or where otherwise expressly indicated, all figures indicating the amount of material or reaction conditions, physical properties of the material, and / or uses in this specification and claims should be understood to be modified by the word “about”. Numerical ranges expressed in the format “x to y” should be understood to include both x and y. When multiple preferred ranges are described in the format “x to y” for a particular feature, it should be understood that all ranges combining different endpoints are also covered.

[0032] Throughout this specification, unless otherwise stated, weight % refers to the weight percentage of the total weight of the soap composition of the present invention.

[0033] The various components of the composition are described in more detail below.

[0034] The present invention provides a soap bar composition comprising 20-80% by weight of total fat, 0.1-5% by weight of electrolyte, 0.001%-5% by weight of PPAR activator, 1-45% by weight of starch-containing complex carbohydrates, and 10-50% by weight of water.

[0035] PPAR activators have been known in the cosmetics industry for some time. However, starch-containing complex carbohydrates have been used as part of structured systems in soap bars, but no specific benefits have been reported; they are mainly used as fillers.

[0036] The inventors were surprised to discover that the compositions produce beneficial skin properties when the ingredients function in a given weight percentage range. The level of efficacy for skin-beneficial effects obtained from the combination of these ingredients (as measured by relevant methods) is higher than that obtained by using any one of them alone, and in fact, the benefits of starch-containing complex carbohydrates for these beneficial effects were previously unknown. When evaluating the skin benefits of the combination of PPAR activators and starch-containing complex carbohydrates, such as radiance, skin clarity, and even skin tone, the results of the compositions of the present invention showed synergistic beneficial effects. It was also found that the compositions of the present invention are gentle, mild, smooth, and soft, as perceived by a large number of consumers during testing. This is also a beneficial aspect of the present invention, namely that a soap, as part of everyone's basic daily hygiene routine, can perform such functions to improve skin tone, skin clarity, fading of blemishes, and skin radiance. The inventors of the present invention were very surprised to discover that compositions, as part of everyone's daily routine, can target and resolve these skin problems without any specific compositions such as serums, creams, etc. Therefore, the inventors were able to realize formulations that can address many skin problems at once without any additional effort.

[0037] soap

[0038] This invention relates to soap compositions. A soap composition refers to a cleaning composition containing soap in a molded solid form. Preferably, the composition is molded into a thin strip or bar. More preferably, the composition of the present invention is in the form of a bar. The bar can have various shapes, including rectangular, square, or elliptical cross-sections. The composition of the present invention is in the form of a molded solid, such as a bar. Cleaning soap compositions are typically wash-off products containing a sufficient amount of surfactant, used to clean desired local surfaces, such as the entire body, hair and scalp, or face. It is applied to the local surface and left there for only a few seconds or minutes, then rinsed off with plenty of water.

[0039] The present invention provides a soap composition comprising: 20-80% by weight of total fatty substances, 0.1-5% by weight of electrolytes, 0.001%-5% by weight of PPAR activator, 1-45% by weight of starch-containing complex carbohydrates, and 10-50% by weight of water.

[0040] The soap compositions of the present invention are particularly suitable for personal hygiene. The soap compositions are preferably soap sticks or bars. The soap compositions of the present invention preferably contain 18-80% by weight of TFM from soap, more preferably 20-75%, and more preferably 20-65% by weight of TFM from soap. The term soap refers to a salt of fatty acids. Preferably, the soap is a soap of C8-C24 fatty acids.

[0041] The cation can be an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or ammonium ion, preferably an alkali metal. Preferably, the cation is selected from sodium or potassium, more preferably sodium. The soap can be saturated or unsaturated. For stability, saturated soaps are superior to unsaturated soaps. The oil or fatty acid can be of plant or animal origin.

[0042] Soap compositions can be obtained through the saponification of oils, fats, or fatty acids. Fats or oils commonly used in the preparation of soap bars can be selected from tallow, tallow stearin, palm oil, palm stearin, soybean oil, fish oil, castor oil, rice bran oil, sunflower oil, coconut oil, babassu oil, and palm kernel oil. Fatty acids can be derived from coconut, rice bran, peanut, tallow, palm, palm kernel, cottonseed, or soybean.

[0043] Fatty acid soaps can also be prepared synthetically (e.g., by oxidation of petroleum or by hydrogenation of carbon monoxide using the Fischer-Tropsch process). Resin acids, such as those present in tall oil, can also be used. Naphthenic acids can also be used.

[0044] The soap composition may additionally contain one or more of anionic, nonionic, cationic, or amphoteric surfactants, preferably synthetic surfactants selected from anionic surfactants. According to the invention, the content of these synthetic surfactants is less than 8%, preferably less than 4%, more preferably less than 1.5%, and sometimes they are not present in the composition.

[0045] The chain length of a soap depends on the fatty or oil raw materials, which are typically blends. For the purposes of this specification, "oil" and "fat" may be used interchangeably unless the context requires otherwise. Longer-chain fatty acid soaps (e.g., C450-C ... 16 Palmitic acid or C 18 Stearic acid is typically obtained from tallow and palm oil, and shorter-chain soaps (e.g., C40) also contain stearic acid. 12 Lauric acid can typically be obtained from, for example, coconut oil or palm kernel oil. The resulting fatty acid soap can be saturated or unsaturated (e.g., oleic acid).

[0046] Typically, longer-chain fatty acid soaps (e.g., C40) 14 To C 22 Soaps, especially longer-chain, saturated soaps, are insoluble and do not produce enough lather when used, but they can make the lather more creamy and stable. Conversely, shorter-chain soaps (e.g., C8 to C4) are less soluble. 12 Short-chain soaps and unsaturated soaps (e.g., oleic or linoleic acid soaps) foam quickly. However, longer-chain soaps (which are usually saturated, although they may also contain some unsaturated soaps, such as oleic acid) are ideal to maintain their structure and are less easily dissolved. Unsaturated soaps (e.g., oleic acid) are soluble and foam quickly, like short-chain soaps, but form denser, more creamy foams, like longer-chain soaps.

[0047] Iodine value is an indicator of the degree of unsaturation and there are well-known IV measurement methods. One method is gas chromatography. In this method, methyl esters of fatty acids are formed and analyzed by chromatographic techniques. Additionally, there are wet chemical analysis methods. The iodine value of fatty acid blends can be measured before saponification. Furthermore, the iodine value of soap (saponified oil or fatty acids) present in finished products (such as soap bars or soap shavings) can be determined.

[0048] When measured in an 8% solution of distilled water at 25°C, the soap composition preferably has a pH in the range of 8 to 13.

[0049] ppar activators

[0050] Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) is a transcription factor that controls lipid metabolism. Three isoforms exist: PPARα, PPARβ / δ, and PPARγ, all located in the skin.

[0051] The preferred PPAR activators are PPAR fatty acids such as cis-parinaric acid, cis-9-trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid, columbinic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, hexadecanetrienoic acid, trans-linolenic acid (an isomer of linolenic acid), phellandrene, pinolenic acid, pine nut oil acid, pomegranate acid, ricinoleic acid, trans-ricinoleic acid (an isomer of ricinoleic acid), octadecanoic acid, trans-10-cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid, 7-trans-octadecanoic acid, and trans-isooleic acid.

[0052] Potential sources of hydrolyzable PPAR precursors include triglycerides such as coriander seed oil for apigenic acid, balsam seed oil, parinarium laurinarium kernel oil, or sabastiana brasilinensis seed oil for cis-perilla acid, dehydrated castor seed oil for conjugated linoleic acid, and columbine (aquilegia vulgaris) oil for gulombinic acid.

[0053] Ideally, PPAR acids contain 16 or 18 carbon atoms. Most preferred PPAR acids are olefinically unsaturated, and particularly preferred are monounsaturated, diunsaturated, or triunsaturated. Many of the most desirable PPAR activating acids are not only unsaturated but also C16 or C18 acids. Optional PPAR acids (xvii) include 12-hydroxystearic acid, sometimes abbreviated as 12-HSA, which is effective for the purposes of this invention at concentrations below those required to form gelling agents.

[0054] Compared to the same composition lacking PPAR ligands, the proportion of fatty acid PPAR ligands in this invention is at least the minimum proportion that exhibits reduced irritation and / or improved skin condition. As anticipated, such a minimum proportion varies not only with the compound but also depends on whether the acid is used in free form or introduced via its precursor. This minimum proportion can be determined by the patch testing method described later herein.

[0055] Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are a family of nuclear hormone receptors known to have three subtypes: α, β, and γ, with different tissue distributions. The α subtype of PPARs (hereinafter referred to as PPARα) is present in the skin. Preferred PPAR activators for use in the compositions of the present invention are lipid activators of the α subtype of PPARs.

[0056] The terms “activator of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α subtype” or “PPARα activator” in this application refer to lipids that activate the nuclear receptor PPARα.

[0057] Examples of lipid PPARα activators that meet the requirements of the reporter gene assay (Kliewer et al., (1992) Nature, 358, 771-774) include C10-C18 saturated fatty acids, which are preferably branched, or if straight-chain, preferably derivatized (e.g. with hydroxyl groups), C10-C20 monounsaturated fatty acids, and C10-C22 polyunsaturated fatty acids.

[0058] Fatty acids can be straight-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated, and can be substituted, for example, hydroxylated, such as α-hydroxy or β-hydroxy derivatives. The corresponding alcohols, triglycerides, and phospholipids of any of these acids are also suitable for this invention. Preferred derivatives include those derived from the substituted acid carboxyl group, such as esters (e.g., triglycerides, monoglycerides, diglycerides, phosphate esters), amides (e.g., ceramide derivatives), and salts (e.g., alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts, ammonium salts). In the case of triglyceride derivatives, all isomers at all positions on the glycerol backbone are included.

[0059] Therefore, oils rich in fatty acid triglycerides are also suitable for this invention. Such oils are commercially available and include coriander seed oil (rich in apigenin), parsley seed oil (rich in apigenin), evening primrose oil (rich in gamma-linolenic acid), borage seed oil (rich in gamma-linolenic acid), shea butter (rich in oleic acid and linoleic acid), fish oil and its concentrates (rich in DHA and EPA), crab oil (rich in erucic acid), flaxseed oil (rich in alpha-linolenic acid), almond oil (rich in oleic acid), and cottonseed oil (rich in linoleic acid).

[0060] Preferred PPARα activators according to the present invention are 10-hydroxystearic acid, 12-hydroxystearic acid, cis-perilla acid, trans-7-octadecenoic acid, cis-5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoic acid, cis-4,7,10,13,16,19-docosahexaenoic acid, conjugated linoleic acid (C9,T11), gulombinic acid, trans-linolenic acid, trans-ricinolenic acid, octadecanoic acid, 2-hydroxystearic acid, α-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, cis-11,14-eicosadienoic acid, conjugated linoleic acid (T10,C12), conjugated linoleic acid (T9,T11), conjugated linoleic acid (a 50:50 mixture of C9,T11 and T10,C12), coriander acid, trans-linoleic acid, and monopenetroselinic acid. (acid), apigenin, ricinoleic acid, stearylene acid, arborvitae extract and trans isoleic acid.

[0061] Other suitable preferred PPARα activators include cis-11,14,17-eicosalicylic acid, cis-5-eicosalicylic acid, cis-8,11,14-eicosalicylic acid, hexadecanoic acid, palmitoleic acid, trans-petroselaidic acid, trans-trans-farnesol, cis-13,16-docosadienoic acid, cis-isooleic acid, cis-11-eicosalicylic acid, cis-13,16,19-docosatrienoic acid, cis-13-octadecanoic acid, cis-15-octadecanoic acid, cis-7,10,13,16-docosatraenoic acid, transoleic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, geranilic acid, geraniylgeranilic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, and petroselinyl. (alcohol), phytic acid, pine nut oil acid, trans-13-octadecenoic acid, tridecyl salicylic acid (TDS).

[0062] Other suitable categories of PPARα activators include plant extracts such as chickpea extract (red clover phytoestrogens), chromolaena odorata extract, pomegranate saponifiable hydrolysate extract, buglossoides (stearidonic plant extract), and zanthalene (extract from Sichuan pepper).

[0063] When combined with linolenic acid and / or DHA (or its derivatives) according to the present invention, the lipids are particularly preferred due to their excellent anti-aging effects. These lipids are selected from polyunsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic acid, conjugated linoleic acid, linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (for DHA, only when the first lipid in the composition of the present invention is PA or its derivative), monounsaturated fatty acids such as linolenic acid (for PA, only when the first lipid in the composition of the present invention is DHA or its derivative), transoleic acid, oleic acid, erucic acid, and diacids such as hexadecanedioic acid.

[0064] It should also be understood that the PPARα activator present in the compositions according to the invention is ideally present in an "active" form; that is, it is not esterified. Therefore, although natural sources of materials such as oils have been mentioned above, the PPARα activator used in the compositions according to the invention is preferably not the original, esterified form of the activator, but a source of raw material rich in unesterified PPARα activator, or a source of raw material in which the esterified form is hydrolyzed to release fatty acids.

[0065] The present invention contains a PPAR activator, more preferably a PPARα activator. Preferably, the PPAR activator is present in the composition of the present invention in an amount of 0.001% to 5% by weight of the soap composition, more preferably 0.008% to 4.5% by weight, and most preferably in the range of 0.01% to 4% by weight.

[0066] hydroxystearic acid

[0067] The most preferred PPAR activator of the present invention is hydroxystearic acid or a derivative thereof. Preferably, the soap composition of the present invention comprises hydroxystearic acid or a derivative thereof. Hydroxystearic acid is a C18 chain fatty acid having one or more OH groups present along a hydrocarbon chain. Typically, 12-HSA and 10-HSA are well known hydroxystearic acids. It is commonly used as an emollient in skin care products and is also a common soap ingredient due to its surfactant properties.

[0068] The present invention includes hydroxystearic acid, more preferably 12-hydroxystearic acid and 10-hydroxystearic acid, and most preferably 12-hydroxystearic acid. Preferably, the amount of hydroxystearic acid in the soap composition of the present invention is 0.001% to 5% by weight of the soap composition, more preferably 0.008% to 4.5% by weight, and most preferably 0.01% to 4% by weight.

[0069] complex carbohydrates

[0070] The soap composition of the present invention comprises complex carbohydrates. Two types of carbohydrates exist: simple and complex. Simple carbohydrates consist of one or two sugar molecules. Complex carbohydrates include starch and fiber. Preferably, the complex carbohydrate is a polysaccharide, and most preferably, it contains starch. Meanwhile, the polysaccharide has the general formula C2. x (H2O) y Where x and y are typically large numbers between 200 and 2500. When the repeating unit in the polymer backbone is a six-carbon monosaccharide, as is the case in general, the general formula simplifies to (C6H... 10 O5) n , where typically 40≤n≤3000.

[0071] Preferably, the range of starch carbohydrates in the soap composition is 1-45% by weight of the soap composition, more preferably 3-40% by weight, and most preferably 5-35% by weight.

[0072] Starch (a polymer of glucose) is preferably a polysaccharide used in plants as a storage medium for polysaccharides, existing in the form of amylose and amylopectin. In animals, a structurally similar glucose polymer is a more densely branched glycogen, sometimes referred to as "animal starch".

[0073] Preferably, the starch constitutes at least 20% by weight of the complex carbohydrates, more preferably at least 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, or 70% by weight of the complex carbohydrates, more preferably at least 80% by weight, further preferably at least 85% by weight, and most preferably at least 90% by weight. In a highly preferred aspect, the starch constitutes at least 95% by weight of the complex carbohydrates.

[0074] In another aspect of the invention, the complex carbohydrate is starch or modified starch.

[0075] Suitable starch materials include natural starch (from corn, wheat, rice, potatoes, cassava, etc.), pregelatinized starch, various physically and chemically modified starches, and mixtures thereof. The term natural starch refers to starch that has not been chemically or physically modified—also known as native starch or natural starch.

[0076] Preferred starches are natural or native starches derived from corn, cassava, wheat, potato, rice, and other natural starch sources. Native starches with different ratios of amylose and amylopectin are available, for example, corn (25% amylose); waxy corn (0%); high amylose corn (70%); potato (23%); rice (16%); sago (27%); cassava (18%); wheat (30%); peas (35% amylose), etc. Native starches can be used directly or modified during the preparation of liquid personal care compositions to gelatinize the starch. Preferably, the starch is unmodified, partially or non-gelatinized, or pregelatinized. Most preferably, ungelatinized or pregelatinized starch is used. Further preferred are natural and unmodified starches.

[0077] Another suitable starch is pregelatinized starch, which is gelatinized before being added as a component of the liquid personal care composition of the present invention. Various forms of gelatinization at different temperatures are available, such as cold water-dispersible starch.

[0078] Preferably, when the starch particle size is in the range of 2-70 μm, more preferably 4-50 μm, and most preferably 5-40 μm, the particle shape can be a smooth ellipse, oblate spheroid, or polygonal, preferably a smooth ellipse / sphere. Most preferably, natural starch with a particle size in the range of 2-70 μm, more preferably 4-50 μm, and most preferably 5-40 μm is used.

[0079] electrolytes

[0080] The presence of small amounts of electrolytes (other than soap) can affect the ratio of liquid to solid phases. Increasing the electrolyte content reduces the solubility of soap, thereby increasing the amount of solid phase; conversely, decreasing the electrolyte level makes the strips softer.

[0081] The electrolyte according to the invention comprises a compound that substantially dissociates into ions in water. The electrolyte according to the invention is not an ionic surfactant. Suitable electrolytes for inclusion in soap-making processes are alkali metal salts. Preferred alkali metal salts include sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium acetate, sodium citrate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, sodium carbonate, and other single, di, or trisal salts of alkaline earth metals. More preferred electrolytes are sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium citrate, and potassium chloride. Particularly preferred electrolytes are sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium citrate, or combinations thereof. To avoid ambiguity, it needs to be clarified that the electrolyte is a non-soap material. Preferably, the electrolyte is included in the soap composition during the saponification step to form soap.

[0082] Preferably, the composition of the present invention comprises 0.1-5% by weight of an electrolyte, more preferably 0.5-3% by weight, and most preferably 0.7-2.5% by weight. Preferred electrolytes include sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium citrate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, sodium carbonate, and other single, di, or trisal salts of alkaline earth metals. More preferred electrolytes are sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, and potassium chloride. Particularly preferred electrolytes are sodium chloride and sodium sulfate, and combinations thereof. For the avoidance of doubt, it needs to be clarified that the electrolyte is a non-soap material.

[0083] Most preferably, sodium sulfate and / or sodium chloride and / or sodium citrate, or combinations thereof, are used as the electrolyte in the compositions of the present invention.

[0084] When sodium sulfate is present, it is preferably present in an amount ranging from 0.1% to 5% by weight of the composition, more preferably from 0.5% to 3% by weight, and most preferably from 0.7% to 2.5% by weight. Preferably, sodium sulfate is present in an amount of at least 0.1% by weight of the total weight of the composition of the present invention, more preferably at least 0.5% by weight, most preferably at least 0.7% by weight, and preferably no more than 5% by weight, more preferably no more than 3% by weight, further preferably no more than 2.8% by weight, and most preferably no more than 2.5% by weight.

[0085] When sodium chloride is present, it is preferably in the range of 0.5-1.5% by weight of the composition, more preferably 0.7-1.3% by weight, and most preferably 1.0-1.3% by weight. Preferably, sodium chloride is at least 0.1% by weight of the total weight of the composition of the present invention, more preferably at least 0.5% by weight, most preferably at least 0.7% by weight, and preferably not more than 5% by weight, more preferably not more than 3% by weight, further preferably not more than 2.8% by weight, and most preferably not more than 2.5% by weight.

[0086] When sodium citrate is present, it is preferably in the range of 0.5-1.5% by weight of the composition, more preferably 0.7-1.3% by weight, and most preferably 1.0-1.3% by weight. Preferably, sodium citrate is at least 0.1% by weight of the total weight of the composition of the present invention, more preferably at least 0.5% by weight, most preferably at least 0.7% by weight, and preferably no more than 5% by weight, more preferably no more than 3% by weight, further preferably no more than 2.8% by weight, and most preferably no more than 2.5% by weight.

[0087] water-water content

[0088] The soap composition of the present invention has a water content of up to 50% by weight of the soap bar. The soap composition of the present invention contains 10-50% by weight of water, preferably 12-45% by weight, and most preferably 15-40% by weight.

[0089] organic and inorganic adjunct materials

[0090] The total content of the auxiliary materials used in the soap bar composition should not exceed 50% by weight of the soap bar composition, preferably 1 to 50% by weight, more preferably 3 to 45% by weight.

[0091] The additive system may optionally include insoluble particles containing one or more materials. Insoluble particles refer to materials that exist in solid particulate form and are suitable for personal washing. Preferably, mineral (e.g., inorganic) or organic particles are present.

[0092] Insoluble particles should not be perceived as itchy or granular, and therefore should have a particle size of less than 300 micrometers, more preferably less than 100 micrometers, and most preferably less than 50 micrometers.

[0093] Preferred inorganic particulate materials include talc and calcium carbonate. Talc is a magnesium silicate mineral with a lamellar silicate structure and Mg3Si4(OH). 22 It is composed of [a substance] and can be obtained in a hydrated form. It has a plate-like morphology and is essentially oleophilic / hydrophobic, meaning it is wetted by oil rather than water.

[0094] Calcium carbonate, or chalk, exists in three crystalline forms: calcite, aragonite, and aragonite. Calcite is naturally rhomboid or cubic, aragonite is needle-like or dendritic, and aragonite is spherical.

[0095] Other examples of optional insoluble inorganic particulate materials include aluminates, phosphates, insoluble sulfates, borates, and clays (e.g., kaolin, porcelain clay) and combinations thereof.

[0096] Organic particulate materials include: insoluble polysaccharides such as cellulose; synthetic polymers such as various polymer lattices and suspension polymers; insoluble soaps and mixtures thereof.

[0097] The strip composition preferably contains 0.1-25% by weight, preferably 5-15% by weight, of these inorganic or organic particles.

[0098] Optical opacifiers may optionally be present in the personal care composition. When an opacifier is present, the cleansing strip is typically opaque. Examples of opacifiers include titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, etc. Particularly preferred opacifiers that can be used when an opaque soap composition is required are ethylene glycol monostearate or ethylene glycol distearate, for example, in the form of a 20% solution of sodium lauryl ether sulfate. Zinc stearate is an optional opacifier.

[0099] The product can be in the form of semi-transparent or transparent soap, in which case it does not contain any opaque agents.

[0100] Preferably, when measured in a 4% solution of distilled water at 25°C, the soap composition of the present invention has a pH in the range of 9 to 13.

[0101] The preferred strip may additionally contain up to 30% by weight of beneficial agents. Preferred beneficial agents include moisturizers, emollients, sunscreens, brightening agents, and anti-aging compounds. These beneficial agents may be added at appropriate steps during the strip preparation process. Some beneficial agents may be introduced as macro-domains.

[0102] In the method of the present invention, other optional ingredients, such as antioxidants, fragrances, polymers, chelating agents, colorants, deodorants, dyes, emollients, moisturizers, enzymes, foam promoters, bactericides, additional antimicrobial agents, foaming agents, pearlescent agents, skin conditioning agents, stabilizers, fat-enriching agents, and sunscreens, may be added in suitable amounts. Preferably, the ingredients are added after the saponification step. Sodium metabisulfite, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), borax, or ethylhexyl hydroxybisphosphonic acid (EHDP) are preferably added to the formulation.

[0103] The compositions of the present invention can be used to deliver antimicrobial benefits. Antimicrobial agents preferably included to deliver such benefits include microkines or compounds thereof. Preferred metals are silver, copper, zinc, gold, or aluminum. Silver is particularly preferred. In ionic form, it can exist as a salt or any compound in any suitable oxidation state. Preferred silver compounds are silver oxide, silver nitrate, silver acetate, silver sulfate, silver benzoate, silver salicylate, silver carbonate, silver citrate, and silver phosphate, wherein silver oxide, silver sulfate, and silver citrate are of particular interest in one or more embodiments. In at least one preferred embodiment, the silver compound is silver oxide. The content of the microkine or its compound is preferably 0.0001 to 2% by weight of the composition, more preferably 0.001 to 1%. Alternatively, essential oil antimicrobial active substances may be included in the compositions of the present invention. Preferred active essential oil substances that may be included are terpineol, thymol, carvacrol, (E)-2-(propenyl)phenol, 2-propylphenol, 4-pentylphenol, 4-sec-butylphenol, 2-benzylphenol, eugenol, or combinations thereof. More preferably, terpineol, thymol, carvacrol, or thymol are preferred, with terpineol or thymol being the most preferred, and ideally a combination of both. The content of the active essential oil substance is preferably 0.001 to 1% by weight of the composition, more preferably 0.01 to 0.5%.

[0104] The soap composition can be made into bars by first saponifying the fat charge with alkali, and then extruding the mixture in a conventional bar press. The bar material can then optionally be cut to the desired size and imprinted with the desired markings. A particularly important benefit of the invention is that, despite the high moisture content of the soap bars, the composition thus prepared by extrusion is found to be easily imprinted with the desired markings.

[0105] The present invention also relates to a method for preparing the soap bar of the present invention, the method comprising a step in which substantially all the structured systems are included in the soap during the saponification step to produce soap. Preferably, the polymer is included at least during the saponification stage.

[0106] The invention will now be described through the following non-limiting embodiments.

[0107] The term "total fatty substances" is widely used in the soap and detergent industry. The abbreviation "TFM" is used to represent the percentage by weight of fatty acid and triglyceride residues present in a soap composition, regardless of accompanying cations. For soaps with 18 carbon atoms, the accompanying sodium cation typically accounts for about 8% by weight. Other cations, such as zinc, potassium, magnesium, alkylammonium, and aluminum, may be used as needed.

[0108] Preferably, the composition of the present invention contains 18 to 75% by weight of TFM based on the weight of the soap composition, more preferably 20 to 70% by weight of TFM, and most preferably 20 to 65% by weight of TFM.

[0109] The term soap refers to a salt of fatty acids, wherein the accompanying cation can be an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or ammonium ion, preferably an alkali metal. Preferably, the cation is sodium or potassium. The soap can be saturated or unsaturated, depending on the nature of the corresponding fatty acid and / or oil used for saponification.

[0110] forms and styles

[0111] The soap composition of the present invention can be in any physical form. It is preferably in the form of strips, sheets, flakes, fragments or powder, and more preferably in the form of strips.

[0112] The term "strips" is used to refer to roughly cylindrical granules prepared by extrusion and cutting or crushing strips that typically contain soap as the main ingredient.

[0113] Soap-based strips are typically produced by homogenizing dried soap flakes with colorants and other minor ingredients through processing in a mill or refiner, followed by extrusion through a perforated plate with fine holes. They are usually extruded continuously and then allowed to age sufficiently to break into fragments 3 to 15 mm in length. A series of rotating blades can be fitted onto the surface of the plate to automatically cut the extruded strips to the appropriate length, but these tend to result in a certain amount of bunching. The degree of bunching depends on the geometry of the cutting blades and the holes, and is also greatly influenced by the plasticity and viscosity of the strips themselves. Even without the use of rotating blades, the quality of the strips depends on the physical properties of the extruded soap. Ideally, the soap should be plastic enough to be satisfactorily extruded through the holes in the perforated plate, but not so soft and sticky that they bunch together after extrusion. They should also be hard and brittle enough to break into the desired length range.

[0114] Although soap bars can be used for washing and cleaning purposes, they are actually used as input or raw material for preparing soap bars or soap tablets, which are sold in stores and supermarkets and used by consumers as personal washing compositions.

[0115] Therefore, according to another aspect of the invention, a soap bar comprising the soap composition of the first aspect of the invention is disclosed. The bar can be of any shape and size, but is preferably rectangular with rounded edges, and its size allows it to be comfortably held in one hand.

[0116] other ingredients

[0117] In addition to saponified fatty substances and polymer gels, the soap compositions of the present invention, such as soap strips, particularly soap bars, preferably contain one or more of the following other ingredients. The selection of the ingredients and their amounts depends largely on the pharmacologist and the purpose of preparing such strips or bars.

[0118] non-soap surfactants

[0119] The compositions of the present invention preferably contain a non-soap surfactant, which acts as a co-surfactant and is selected from anionic, nonionic, amphoteric, amphoteric, or cationic surfactants or combinations thereof. Preferably, the composition contains 0.1 to 15% by weight of a non-soap surfactant. More preferably, the composition contains 2 to 10% by weight of the soap composition, and most preferably 3 to 6% by weight of a non-soap surfactant.

[0120] Suitable anionic surfactants include water-soluble salts of organic sulfuric acid reaction products having alkyl groups containing 8 to 22 carbon atoms and groups selected from sulfonic acid or sulfate ester groups in their molecular structure, and mixtures thereof.

[0121] Examples of suitable anionic surfactants are sodium and potassium alkoxide sulfates, especially those obtained by sulfation of higher alcohols derived from glycerides of reduced tallow or coconut oil; sodium and potassium alkylbenzene sulfonates, such as those in which the alkyl group contains 9 to 15 carbon atoms; sodium alkyl glycerol ether sulfates, especially those ethers derived from higher alcohols of tallow and coconut oil; sodium coconut oil fatty acid monoglyceride sulfates; sodium and potassium salts of sulfates of the reaction product of 1 mole of higher fatty alcohol and 1 to 6 moles of ethylene oxide; sodium and potassium salts of alkylphenol ethylene oxide ether sulfates having 1 to 8 ethylene oxide molecules and in which the alkyl group contains 4 to 14 carbon atoms; and reaction products of fatty acids esterified with hydroxyethyl sulfonate and neutralized with sodium hydroxide, wherein, for example, the fatty acids are derived from coconut oil and mixtures thereof.

[0122] Preferred water-soluble synthetic anionic surfactants are alkali metal (such as sodium and potassium) and alkaline earth metal (such as calcium and magnesium) salts of higher alkylbenzene sulfonic acids, as well as mixtures with olefin sulfonates and higher alkyl sulfates, and higher fatty acid monoglyceride sulfates.

[0123] Suitable nonionic surfactants can be broadly described as compounds produced by the condensation of an olefinic group (which is inherently hydrophilic) with an organic hydrophobic compound (which may be inherently aliphatic or alkyl aromatic). The length of the hydrophilic or polyoxyalkylene group condensed with any particular hydrophobic group can be readily tuned to produce a water-soluble compound with the desired balance between hydrophilic and hydrophobic elements.

[0124] Specific examples include condensation products of aliphatic alcohols with straight-chain or branched configurations having 8 to 22 carbon atoms and ethylene oxide, such as coconut oil ethylene oxide condensates containing 2 to 15 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of coconut alcohol; condensates of alkylphenols containing 6 to 12 carbon atoms and 5 to 25 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alkylphenol; condensates of the reaction product of ethylenediamine and propylene oxide with ethylene oxide, the condensate containing 40 to 80% by weight of polyoxyethylene groups and having a molecular weight of 5,000 to 11,000; and tertiary amine oxides with the structure R3NO, wherein one of the R groups has 8 to 18 carbon atoms. Alkyl groups with carbon atoms, and other groups being methyl, ethyl, or hydroxyethyl, such as dimethyl dodecylamine oxide; tertiary phosphine oxides having the structure R3PO, where one group R is an alkyl group having 10 to 18 carbon atoms, and other groups are alkyl or hydroxyalkyl groups having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, such as dimethyl dodecylphosphine oxide; and dialkyl sulfoxides having the structure R2SO, where group R is an alkyl group having 10 to 18 carbon atoms, and another group is methyl or ethyl, such as methyl tetradecyl sulfoxide; fatty acid alkanolamides; and alkyl thiols and alkyl thiols alkyloxy condensates.

[0125] Suitable cationic surfactants that can be incorporated are alkyl-substituted quaternary ammonium halide salts, such as bis(hydrogenated tallow)dimethylammonium chloride, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, benzalkonium chloride and dodecylmethylpolyoxyethylene ammonium chloride, as well as amine and imidazoline salts, such as primary amine, secondary amine and tertiary amine hydrochlorides and imidazoline hydrochlorides.

[0126] Suitable amphoteric surfactants are derivatives of aliphatic secondary and tertiary amines containing alkyl groups with 8 to 18 carbon atoms and aliphatic groups substituted with anionic water-soluble groups, such as sodium 3-dodecylaminopropionate, sodium 3-dodecylaminopropanesulfonate, and sodium N-2-hydroxydodecyl-N-methyltaurate.

[0127] Suitable zwitterionic surfactants are derivatives of aliphatic quaternary ammonium, sulfonium, and phosphonium compounds having aliphatic groups with 8 to 18 carbon atoms and aliphatic groups substituted with anionic water-soluble groups, such as 3-(NN-dimethyl-N-hexadecylammonium)propane-1-sulfonate betaine, 3-(dodecylmethylsulfonium)propane-1-sulfonate betaine, and 3-(hexadecylmethylphosphonium)ethanesulfonate betaine.

[0128] Other examples of suitable detergent active compounds are compounds commonly used as surfactants, as given in the well-known textbooks “Surface Active Agents,” Volume I, by Schwartz and Perry, and “Surface Active Agents and Detergents,” Volume II, by Schwartz, Perry, and Berch.

[0129] sunscreen agents

[0130] An opaque agent may optionally be present in the composition. When an opaque agent is present, the cleaning strip is typically opaque, i.e., "cloudy." Examples of opaque agents include titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, etc. A particularly preferred opaque agent that can be used when an opaque soap composition, rather than a transparent one, is ethylene glycol monostearate or ethylene glycol distearate, for example, in the form of a 20% solution of sodium lauryl ether sulfate. Zinc stearate is an optional opaque agent.

[0131] benefit agents

[0132] Preferably, the soap composition of the present invention comprises one or more previously undisclosed beneficial agents. Preferably, the beneficial agents are emollients, sunscreens, anti-aging compounds, or moisturizers and humectants. The beneficial agents may be added at appropriate steps during the process. Some beneficial agents may be introduced as macrodomains.

[0133] Examples of humectants and humectants include cetyl alcohol, ethoxylated castor oil, paraffin oil, lanolin, and their derivatives. They may also include siloxane compounds, such as siloxane surfactants, like... 3225C (Dow Corning) and / or silicone emollients, silicone oils ( (From Dow Corning). Other examples include glycerin, oat kernel powder, petrolatum, aquaporins, and hydroxyethyl urea.

[0134] Sunscreen agents, such as 4-tert-butyl-4'-methoxydibenzoylmethane (trade name), can also be added. 1789 (purchased from Givaudan) or 2-ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate (as trade name) MCX (purchased from Givaudan) or other UV-A and UV-B sunscreens. Other examples include... (Diethylhexyl naphthalate) Ethylhexyl salicylate, (S&M) and

[0135] It may also contain lipids, such as cholesterol, ceramides and pseudoceramides, as well as exfoliating particles, such as polyethylene beads, walnut shells, apricot kernels, petals and seeds.

[0136] The composition may also optionally include other ingredients commonly used in soaps, such as foam promoters, colorants and opacifiers, and skin-tone agents such as hexylresorcinol, soybean extract (Bowman Birk inhibitor), and octadecenoic acid (…). DC), nicotinamide, Acetylglucosamine, Pitera extract, and (Calcium pantothenate). Furthermore, the compositions of the present invention may contain anti-aging ingredients such as retinol, hyaluronic acid, collagen, CoQ10 (ubiquinone), retinyl propionate, peptides, retinyl palmitate, jasmonic acid derivatives, and...

[0137] Other adjuvant materials may include bactericides and preservatives. These ingredients are generally less than 2% by weight, typically less than 0.5% by weight, and may include silver salts and silver compounds, thymol, terpineol and its analogues, ZPTO, chloroxylenol, PCMX, triclosan and triclocarban.

[0138] The soap composition may contain structuring agents. These may include water-insoluble particulate materials. The structuring agents may be present alone or in combination, comprising 0 to 25% by weight. Preferred inorganic particulate materials include talc and calcium carbonate. Talc is a magnesium silicate mineral material with the chemical formula Mg3Si4(O).10 Talc has a platy silicate structure represented by (OH)2 and can be obtained in hydrated form. Talc has a platy morphology and is essentially oleophilic / hydrophobic.

[0139] Other examples of optional insoluble inorganic particulate materials include zeolite aluminates, silicates, phosphates, insoluble sulfates, clays (e.g., kaolin, porcelain clay), titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, and combinations thereof.

[0140] The compositions of the present invention may additionally contain crack inhibitors, such as acrylate polymers.

[0141] As used herein, the term "slip modifier" refers to a material that, when present in relatively low amounts (typically less than 1.5% by weight of the total soap bar composition), significantly reduces the friction felt between the wet soap bar and the skin. The most suitable slip modifier may be used alone or in combination at levels of 1% or less, preferably 0.05% to 1%, and more preferably 0.05% to 0.5%.

[0142] The compositions of the present invention optionally contain 0.01 to 0.08% of modified polyethylene glycol as a sliding modifier and / or for other sensory benefits. The compositions of the present invention may also optionally contain 0.1 to 0.05% of modified ethylene acrylate copolymer as a beneficial agent.

[0143] Suitable sliding modifiers include petrolatum, waxes, lanolin, polyalkanes, polyolefins, polyepoxides, high molecular weight polyethylene oxide resins, siloxanes, polyethylene glycol, and mixtures thereof.

[0144] Up to 3% of free fatty acids (FFA), such as coconut fatty acids, PKO fatty acids, and lauric acid, are typically used in soap bars to improve overall quality and processing. Higher than 3% of free fatty acids may result in a soft and sticky material and may negatively affect one or more physical properties. In at least one form, the FFA content in the compositions of the present invention is 0.05 to 3% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 2% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 1.5% by weight.

[0145] Various testing methods have been used to determine the properties of soap compositions.

[0146] The testing method is a hardness testing protocol that uses a 30° tapered probe that penetrates to a depth of 15 mm. Another test is the RoW (Road Wear), which relates to the amount of material lost from the soap bar product under controlled conditions.

[0147] The conditions used roughly simulate how consumers use the product. Further testing is conducted to examine the extent of physical damage that may be caused (or not caused) by the rinsing and drying sequence of the soap bar. Another test is to determine "mush," which is defined as the gel-like, creamy material that forms on the soap bar as it absorbs water. The mush impregnation test provides a numerical value for the amount of mush formed on the soap bar.

[0148] All of the above test methods are described in US20190016994A1 (Unilever).

[0149] the method of the invention

[0150] According to the second aspect, a method for preparing a soap composition according to the first aspect is disclosed, the method comprising the following steps:

[0151] i) Saponify fatty substances with alkali to produce saponified materials;

[0152] ii) Add 1-45% by weight of a starch-containing complex carbohydrate or a modified starch-containing complex carbohydrate and water, based on the weight of the soap bar composition, to obtain the soap material; and

[0153] iii) Extruding the soap material obtained from step (ii) yields soap bars according to the first aspect.

[0154] In step (i) or (ii), 0.01-5% by weight of PPAR activator is added based on the weight of the soap bar composition; and

[0155] In step (i) or (ii), 0.1 to 5% by weight of electrolyte is added based on the weight of the soap bar composition.

[0156] Preferably, in the method of the present invention, the electrolyte is selected from sodium carbonate, sodium citrate, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride and mixtures thereof, preferably sodium sulfate and / or sodium chloride, and most preferably sodium sulfate.

[0157] Preferably, in the method of the present invention, a non-soap surfactant is added in step (i).

[0158] Preferably, in the method of the present invention, the soap composition comprises 20-80% by weight of total fatty substances and 10-50% by weight of water.

[0159] Preferably, in the method of the present invention, sodium sulfate is in the range of 0.1-2% by weight of the total weight of the composition.

[0160] Preferably, in the method of the present invention, the starch is natural starch, pregelatinized starch, converted starch or a mixture thereof, and most preferably in the range of 1-45% by weight of the soap bar composition.

[0161] Preferably, in the method of the present invention, the PPAR activator is selected from 12-hydroxystearic acid, cis-perilla acid, trans-7-octadecenoic acid, cis-5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoic acid, cis-4,7,10,13,16,19-docosahexaenoic acid, conjugated linoleic acid (C9, T11), gulombinic acid, trans-linolenic acid, trans-ricinolenic acid, octadecanoic acid, 2-hydroxystearic acid, α-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, cis-11,14-eicosadienoic acid, conjugated linoleic acid (T10, C12), conjugated linoleic acid (T9, T11), and conjugated linoleic acid (C9, T11 and T10). (a 50:50 mixture of C12), citronella acid, trans-linolenic acid, monocarboxylic acid, petrocarboxylic acid, ricinoleic acid, stearylene acid, thuja extract, and trans-isooleic acid or combinations thereof. The most preferred PPAR activator is 10-hydroxystearic acid or 12-hydroxystearic acid or combinations thereof.

[0162] Preferably, the electrolyte is added in step (i) in the range of 0.1-5% by weight of the total composition.

[0163] The present invention provides the use of a PPAR activator (preferably hydroxystearic acid) and a complex carbohydrate containing starch in soap bars having a moisture content in the range of 10-50% by weight to achieve a hardness of at least 3 kg-F as measured at 42°C.

[0164] The soap bar composition according to the invention can be produced on a commercial scale by any method known to those skilled in the art. The soap can be a melt-cast soap bar or an extruded soap bar. Preferably, the soap bar composition of the invention is prepared using an extrusion route.

[0165] The specific process can be carried out using the general method for preparing the above-mentioned soap composition.

[0166] The present invention provides the use of a PPAR activator (preferably hydroxystearic acid) and a starch-containing complex carbohydrate in a soap composition according to the first aspect for imparting a glossy finish to the skin, compared to a soap bar composition without the PPAR activator (preferably hydroxystearic acid) and the starch-containing complex carbohydrate, as measured by various comparative methods.

[0167] The present invention provides the use of a PPAR activator (preferably hydroxystearic acid) and a starch-containing complex carbohydrate in a soap composition according to the first aspect for providing a uniform skin tone compared to a soap bar composition without the PPAR activator and the starch-containing complex carbohydrate, as measured by various comparative methods.

[0168] The present invention provides the use of a PPAR activator (preferably hydroxystearic acid) and a starch-containing complex carbohydrate in a soap composition according to the first aspect for providing skin transparency and spot fading, as measured by various comparative methods, compared with a soap bar composition without the PPAR activator and the starch-containing complex carbohydrate.

[0169] This invention provides the use of a PPAR activator (preferably hydroxystearic acid) and a starch-containing complex carbohydrate in a soap composition according to the first aspect for achieving additional skin health, aging, barrier, and appearance benefits, as measured by various comparative methods, compared to soap bar compositions without the PPAR activator and the starch-containing complex carbohydrate. The invention will now be illustrated by the following non-limiting examples.

[0170] Example

[0171] Soap compositions for use in the embodiments are prepared according to the present invention.

[0172] Soap manufacturing methods primarily begin with the basic step of saponifying fatty acid charges with alkali to produce soap material. This method may or may not include other excipients and additives, such as, but not limited to, electrolytes, polyols, etc. The required amounts of fatty acids and other raw materials are weighed and loaded into a mixer. An aqueous solution of alkali is used for this neutralization reaction. The completion of neutralization is checked by a phenolphthalein indicator test, and if necessary, additional alkali is added to ensure the neutralization reaction is complete. In-process quality checks are performed on the soap material before further processing (including but not limited to passing the soap material through cooling rollers and then into a refining mill to convert it into strips).

[0173] In the final step, soap bars are added to the mixer. They are crushed. Other necessary formulation additives, including but not limited to starch, 12HSA, etc., are added, and mixing continues. The desired colorant is dissolved in water and then added to the mixer contents. Finally, the fragrance is added and mixing continues to achieve a uniform macro-mix. The resulting formulation material is then fed and conveyed for further mechanical processing, including but not limited to extruding it from a pressing machine and then stamping it into soap bars of the desired shape, size, and brand.

[0174] Soap compositions (E1 and E2) having starch contents of 11% and 17% by weight, respectively, based on the soap bar compositions of the present invention, were prepared using the formulations shown in Table 1. Formulation E3 is outside the scope of the present invention and does not contain starch. All soap bar compositions contain hydroxystearic acid.

[0175] Clinical dermatological assessments were performed on compositions E1 through E3, providing the mean CFB-change relative to baseline values, and consumer testing based on a 1- to 5 scale based on consumer perception.

[0176] gloss and shine - combined gloss scale

[0177] Gloss and luminosity were assessed using methods described in (Kumari R et al., Int J Res Dermatol. 2022nov; 8(6):593-600). Double-blind, randomized clinical trials were conducted under the supervision of dermatologists and evaluated by dermatologists. This included panel members at Fitzpatrick scale 3–5 and, according to the dermatologists, those with melasma. Panel members were given a washout period to allow for adaptation, and the study duration was extended from a minimum of 1 week to a maximum of 12 weeks. The dermatologists used in this study were trained and validated in their evaluation skills. The four main visual skin properties influencing G&R assessment were identified as luminosity, translucency, skin tone evenness, and melasma reduction.

[0178] Scale and Calculation – The “Multi-Parameter Integrated G&R Scale” is based on visual perception of radiance, translucency, skin tone evenness, and blemish reduction. Each parameter is independently assessed on a scale of (1–5) using the provided intermediate rating system. The scale includes all skin colors and ethnicities. The sensitivity of the scale has been validated on colored skin using various skin products (visual representation of the scale on colored skin populations).

[0179] Skin tone unevenness - Participants assessed were instructed to wash their face and forearms with water and acclimatize at the test center. After acclimatization, participants were assessed by a trained dermatologist using a skin tone evenness scale, which is based on the assessment of skin color changes over the test area. Skin tone evenness is rated from 1 to 5, with lower values ​​indicating uneven skin tone and higher values ​​indicating even skin tone. Skin tone evenness is a result of phenotypic changes, which are mostly peripheral and difficult to detect, and a statistically significant improvement in skin tone evenness score observed after product use is an indication of significant improvement in skin tone evenness.

[0180] Skin Transparency - Participants were instructed to wash their face and forearms with water and acclimatize at the testing center. After acclimatization, participants were assessed by a trained dermatologist using a skin transparency scale based on reflectance / luminosity. Skin transparency is rated from 1 to 5, with lower values ​​indicating opaque skin and higher values ​​indicating transparent skin. Skin transparency is a result of phenotypic changes, which are mostly marginal and difficult to detect. A statistically significant improvement in skin transparency score observed after product use is an indication of improved skin transparency.

[0181] Blemish Reduction - Report: Subjects undergoing assessment were instructed to wash their face and forearms with water and acclimatize at the test center. After acclimatization, subjects were assessed by a trained dermatologist using a Blemish Reduction Scale. Blemish reduction is rated on a scale of 1-5, where lower values ​​indicate no change in blemishes, while higher values ​​indicate a noticeable reduction or fading of the blemishes being assessed. Blemish reduction is a result of phenotypic changes, most of which are peripheral and difficult to detect; a statistically significant improvement in the blemish reduction score observed after product use is an indication of blemish fading.

[0182] consumer testing

[0183] Consumers from different ethnic backgrounds, communities, and initial skin types were considered. A study of over 1000 consumers across geographic regions showed preference for soap compositions with E1 to E3 within one week of product use. This included parameters such as skin shine, softness and smoothness, gentleness and mildness to the skin. Analysis was performed using industry-standard statistical methods. Data extracted from a single market cluster are presented in Table 1. Scales ranged from 1 to 5, where 1 indicates strong disagreement and 5 indicates strong agreement, based on the following questions:

[0184] i. Is the soap gentle and mild on my skin?

[0185] ii. Does soap make my skin soft and smooth?

[0186] iii. Does soap give my skin a beautiful glow?

[0187] Table 1:

[0188]

[0189] The data presented above clearly demonstrate that compositions E1 and E2 prepared according to the present invention exhibit a synergistic effect and significantly better results in improving beneficial skin effects, such as skin luster and radiance, evenness of skin tone, skin transparency, and fading of blemishes, in contrast to E3, which only lacks starch. Furthermore, consumer trial data indicate that consumers prefer the soap compositions of the present invention, namely E1 and E2, rather than composition E3, which is a similar composition but not within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soap bar composition comprising: i. 20-80% by weight of total fat; ii. 0.1-5% by weight of electrolyte; iii. 0.001% - 5% by weight of PPAR activator; iv. 1-45% by weight of complex carbohydrates containing starch; and v. 10-50% by weight of water; The PPAR activator is 10-hydroxystearic acid or 12-hydroxystearic acid or a combination thereof.

2. The soap composition of claim 1, wherein the complex carbohydrate comprises at least 50% by weight of starch based on the weight of the complex carbohydrate, wherein the starch is natural, ungelatinized, pregelatinized, or natural partially ungelatinized.

3. The soap composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the electrolyte comprises a compound selected from sodium carbonate, sodium citrate, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, and mixtures thereof.

4. The soap composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the composition has a pH in the range of 9-13 when measured in a 4% solution of distilled water at 25°C.

5. A method for preparing a soap composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the method comprising the following steps: i) Saponify fatty substances with alkali to produce saponified materials; ii) Add 1-45% by weight of a starch-containing complex carbohydrate or a modified starch-containing complex carbohydrate and water, based on the weight of the soap bar composition, to obtain the soap material; and iii) Extruding the soap material from step (ii) yields the soap bar composition. The PPAR activator is added in step (i) or (ii); and The electrolyte is added in step (i) or (ii); The PPAR activator is 10-hydroxystearic acid or 12-hydroxystearic acid or a combination thereof.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the soap composition comprises 20-80% by weight of total fatty substances and 10-50% by weight of water.

7. The method of claim 5 or 6, wherein the complex carbohydrate comprises at least 50% by weight of starch based on the weight of the complex carbohydrate, wherein the starch is natural, ungelatinized, pregelatinized, or natural partially ungelatinized.

8. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the electrolyte is selected from sodium carbonate, sodium citrate, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, and mixtures thereof.

9. Use of PPAR activator and starch-containing complex carbohydrate in a soap composition according to any one of claims 1-4 for providing shine to the skin compared to a soap bar composition without PPAR activator and starch-containing complex carbohydrate. 10.001%-5% by weight of PPAR activator and 1-45% by weight of starch-containing complex carbohydrates in a soap composition for use in providing an even skin tone compared to a soap bar composition without PPAR activator and starch-containing complex carbohydrates, the weight percentages being based on the weight of the resulting soap composition, which comprises: i. 20-80% by weight of total fat; ii. 0.1-5% by weight of electrolyte; iii. 10-50% by weight of water; The PPAR activator is 10-hydroxystearic acid or 12-hydroxystearic acid or a combination thereof. 11.0.001%-5% by weight of PPAR activator and 1-45% by weight of starch-containing complex carbohydrates in a soap composition for use in providing skin transparency compared to soap bar compositions without PPAR activator and starch-containing complex carbohydrates, the weight percentages being based on the weight of the resulting soap composition, said soap composition comprising: i. 20-80% by weight of total fat; ii. 0.1-5% by weight of electrolyte; iii. 10-50% by weight of water; The PPAR activator is 10-hydroxystearic acid or 12-hydroxystearic acid or a combination thereof. 12.0.001%-5% by weight of PPAR activator and 1-45% by weight of starch-containing complex carbohydrate in a soap composition for the purpose of fading skin spots compared with soap bar compositions without PPAR activator and starch-containing complex carbohydrate, the weight percentages being based on the weight of the resulting soap composition, said soap composition comprising: i. 20-80% by weight of total fat; ii. 0.1-5% by weight of electrolyte; iii. 10-50% by weight of water; The PPAR activator is 10-hydroxystearic acid or 12-hydroxystearic acid or a combination thereof.

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