Close planting cultivation method for conventional water-saving and drought-resistant rice

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of water-saving and drought-resistant rice cultivation, and particularly discloses a close planting cultivation method for conventional water-saving and drought-resistant rice, which comprises the following steps: increasing the seeding rate of the conventional water-saving and drought-resistant rice to 5-7 kg / mu for dry direct seeding and close planting; after sowing, drip irrigation and soil moistening are conducted, pendimethalin and pretilachlor are sprayed in a mixed mode at a time for closed weeding, and chemical weeding does not need to be conducted again in the whole growth period. According to the close planting cultivation method, weed growth can be effectively inhibited, the use frequency of herbicide is reduced, and the pesticide application cost is reduced by 115 yuan / mu; meanwhile, the yield per mu of fresh grains is 519 kilograms, the yield is increased by 29.1%, the comprehensive economic benefit is increased by 379.5 yuan / mu, and the method is suitable for planting in water-deficient areas and sloping fields and has the remarkable advantages of yield increase and environmental protection.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of water-saving and drought-resistant rice cultivation technology, in particular to a water-saving and drought-resistant rice conventional rice dense planting cultivation method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Water-saving and drought-resistant rice refers to a new type of rice variety that has both high yield and quality characteristics of rice and water-saving and drought-resistant characteristics of upland rice. The water-saving and drought-resistant rice is directly dry-seeded without seed soaking, germination, seedling raising and transplanting, and is drought-piped throughout the whole growth period without flooding irrigation. Compared with traditional rice planting, the water-saving and drought-resistant rice can save more than 50% of irrigation water, reduce more than 10% of fertilizer application, reduce surface pollution, reduce more than 90% of methane emission, reduce planting cost and labor intensity, and improve economic benefit.

[0003] The water-saving and drought-resistant rice dry direct seeding and light simple cultivation technology widely applied at present is difficult to effectively eradicate weeds in the application scene of drought-piping conditions, especially in the application scene of barren slope land where water resources are insufficient and soil conservation cannot be achieved. The water-saving and drought-resistant rice needs to be weeded three to four times during the whole growth period, which increases the planting cost. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new water-saving and drought-resistant rice cultivation technology. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to develop a new water-saving and drought-resistant rice cultivation technology, the present application provides a water-saving and drought-resistant rice conventional rice dense planting cultivation method. The dense planting cultivation method provided by the present application can effectively inhibit the growth of weeds, reduce the number of times of using herbicides, save 115 yuan of pesticide application cost per mu, realize 519 kg of fresh grain yield per mu, increase the yield by 29.1%, improve the comprehensive economic benefit by 379.5 yuan per mu, and is suitable for planting in water-deficient areas and slope land, which has the advantages of yield increase and environmental protection.

[0005] The present application provides a water-saving and drought-resistant rice conventional rice dense planting cultivation method, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: 15-15-15 compound fertilizer 30 kg~50 kg is applied per mu as base fertilizer; the seed is sown by scattering method, and the sowing amount is 5 kg / mu~7 kg / mu; weeds are removed after sowing; topdressing, watering and disease control are performed during the growth period.

[0006] The dense planting cultivation method provided by the present application can effectively inhibit the growth of weeds, reduce the number of times of using herbicides, save 115 yuan of pesticide application cost per mu, realize 519 kg of fresh grain yield per mu, increase the yield by 29.1%, and improve the comprehensive economic benefit by 379.5 yuan per mu.

[0007] Further, the water-saving and drought-resistant rice conventional rice variety is Huhan 1516.

[0008] Further, the weed control is carried out by spraying a closed herbicide, which is a mixed agent of pendimethalin and propachlor after being diluted with water.

[0009] Further, the volume ratio of pendimethalin:propachlor:water is 2-4:1-3:600.

[0010] Further, the topdressing is 5 kg-10 kg of urea per mu at the jointing stage.

[0011] Further, the watering is carried out once at each of the following stages: after sowing, the jointing stage, the booting stage, and the filling stage.

[0012] Further, the disease control treatment is to apply insecticide, which is any one or a combination of multiple of abamectin, chlorantraniliprole, abamectin, and abamectin-chlorfluazuron.

[0013] Further, the sowing amount is 6 kg / mu.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects: The present application can form a high-density population in the early stage of rice seedlings by setting the sowing amount to 5-7 kg / mu, effectively shielding the ground surface, reducing sunlight transmission, creating a microenvironment that is not conducive to the germination and growth of weeds, and physically inhibiting the occurrence of weeds. The weed control strategy is changed from "repeated chemical killing in the later period" to "early one-time closure + later population suppression", thereby reducing the dependence on herbicides in the middle and later periods and making weed management simpler and more efficient. Under the same planting conditions, the present application can achieve a fresh grain yield of 519 kg / mu for Huhan 1516 (Example 1), which is an increase of 29.1% compared to the normal sowing amount of Huhan 1516 (402 kg / mu, Comparative Example 1) and an increase of 20.98% compared to the normal sowing amount of hybrid rice Huanyou 73 (429 kg / mu, Comparative Example 2).

[0015] The present application can greatly reduce the number and total amount of pesticides by carrying out one-time closed weed control after sowing rice, thereby reducing the cost of pesticide use and effectively reducing the risk of agricultural non-point source pollution, in line with the development direction of green and low-carbon agriculture. Due to the significant savings in pesticide costs (35 yuan / mu for Example 1, 150 yuan / mu for Comparative Examples 1 and 2) and the significant increase in yield, the final net income is significantly improved, with an increase of 379.5 yuan per mu in comprehensive economic benefits compared to normal sowing of Huhan 1516 (Comparative Example 1) and an increase of 431 yuan per mu in comprehensive economic benefits compared to normal sowing of Huanyou 73 (Comparative Example 2). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods described in the embodiments of the present invention are conventional methods, and the materials and reagents used in the following embodiments are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

[0017] Example 1: A method for high-density cultivation of water-saving and drought-resistant conventional rice. The experimental field was a sloping area at the Hainan Nanfan Base in Shanghai, and the sowing method was direct seeding.

[0018] On December 12, 2024, 40 kg of 15-15-15 compound fertilizer per mu was applied as base fertilizer. On December 15, 2024, the conventional water-saving and drought-resistant rice variety Huhan 1516 was selected for dense planting at a rate of 6 kg / mu, covering an area of ​​3 mu. After sowing, the soil surface was irrigated with drip irrigation to a moisture content of 70%, and a mixture of pendimethalin and pretilachlor was sprayed (150 mL of 330 g / L pendimethalin EC + 100 mL of 30% pretilachlor EC + 30 L of water, 30 L per mu) for pre-emergence weed control.

[0019] Other field management plans are as follows: Topdressing: Apply 7.5 kg of urea per mu during the jointing stage.

[0020] Watering: Water once each after sowing, during the jointing stage, the booting stage, and the grain-filling stage.

[0021] Insecticides for disease control: On February 24, 2025, spray 100 mL of 17% abamectin and chlorpyrifos EC per acre diluted in 30 L of water; on March 12, spray 15 mL of 20% chlorantraniliprole SC per acre diluted in 30 L of water; on April 17, spray 15 mL of 6% abamectin and chlorfenapyr SC + 5 mL of 10% abamectin and chlorpyrifos SC diluted in 30 L of water per acre.

[0022] Harvest on May 11, 2025.

[0023] Example 2: A method for high-density cultivation of water-saving and drought-resistant conventional rice. The experimental field was a sloping area at the Hainan Nanfan Base in Shanghai, and the sowing method was direct seeding.

[0024] On December 12, 2024, 30 kg of 15-15-15 compound fertilizer per mu was applied as base fertilizer. On December 15, 2024, the conventional water-saving and drought-resistant rice variety Huhan 1516 was selected for dense planting at a rate of 5 kg / mu, covering an area of ​​3 mu. After sowing, the soil surface was irrigated with drip irrigation to a moisture content of 70%, and a mixture of pendimethalin and pretilachlor was sprayed (100 mL of 330 g / L pendimethalin EC + 150 mL of 30% pretilachlor EC + 30 L of water, 30 L per mu) for pre-emergence weed control.

[0025] Other field management plans are as follows: Topdressing: Apply 10 kg of urea per mu during the jointing stage.

[0026] The watering and pesticide application methods are the same as in Example 1.

[0027] Harvest on May 11, 2025.

[0028] Example 3: A method for high-density cultivation of water-saving and drought-resistant conventional rice. The experimental field was a sloping area at the Hainan Nanfan Base in Shanghai, and the sowing method was direct seeding.

[0029] On December 12, 2024, 50 kg of 15-15-15 compound fertilizer per mu was applied as base fertilizer. On December 15, 2024, water-saving and drought-resistant conventional rice, Huhan 1516, was selected for dense planting at a rate of 7 kg / mu, covering an area of ​​3 mu. After sowing, the soil surface was irrigated with drip irrigation to a moisture content of 70%, and a mixture of pendimethalin and pretilachlor was sprayed (200 mL of 330 g / L pendimethalin EC + 50 mL of 30% pretilachlor EC + 30 L of water, 30 L per mu) for pre-emergence weed control.

[0030] Other field management plans are as follows: Fertilization: Apply 5 kg of urea per mu during the jointing stage.

[0031] The watering and pesticide application methods are the same as in Example 1.

[0032] Harvest on May 11, 2025.

[0033] Comparative Example 1: The experimental field was a sloping area at the Hainan Nanfan Base in Shanghai, and the sowing method was direct seeding.

[0034] On December 12, 2024, 40 kg of 15-15-15 compound fertilizer per mu was applied as base fertilizer. On December 14, 2024, the conventional water-saving and drought-resistant rice variety Huhan 1516 was selected for normal sowing at a rate of 4 kg / mu, covering an area of ​​3 mu. After sowing, the soil surface was irrigated with drip irrigation to a moisture content of 70%, and a mixture of pendimethalin and pretilachlor was sprayed (150 mL of 330 g / L pendimethalin EC + 100 mL of 30% pretilachlor EC diluted in 30 L of water per mu) for pre-emergence weed control. On January 12, 2025, a mixture of Hanqiuhao and chlorpyrifos was sprayed (150 mL of Hanqiuhao + 5 g of chlorpyrifos diluted in 30 L of water per mu). On February 28, 2025, cyhalofop-butyl was sprayed (60 mL of 10% cyhalofop-butyl EC diluted in 30 L of water per mu).

[0035] Other field management methods are the same as in Example 1.

[0036] Harvest on May 11, 2025.

[0037] Comparative Example 2: The experimental field was a sloping area at the Hainan Nanfan Base in Shanghai, and the sowing method was direct seeding.

[0038] On December 12, 2024, 40 kg of 15-15-15 compound fertilizer was applied per mu as base fertilizer. On December 14, 2024, the water-saving and drought-resistant hybrid rice variety Hanyou 73 was selected for normal sowing at a rate of 2.5 kg / mu, covering an area of ​​3 mu. After sowing, the soil surface was irrigated with drip irrigation to a moisture content of 70%, and a mixture of pendimethalin and pretilachlor was sprayed (150 mL of 330 g / L pendimethalin EC + 100 mL of 30% pretilachlor EC + 30 L of water, sprayed at 30 L per mu) for pre-emergence weed control. On January 12, 2025, a mixture of Hanqiuhao and chlorpyrifos was sprayed (150 mL of Hanqiuhao + 5 g of chlorpyrifos diluted in 30 L of water per mu). On February 28, 2025, cyhalofop-butyl was sprayed (60 mL of 10% cyhalofop-butyl EC diluted in 30 L of water per mu).

[0039] Other field management methods are the same as in Example 1.

[0040] Harvest on May 11, 2025.

[0041] This invention uses Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2 as examples to analyze the harvest yield and comprehensive benefits of the experimental fields. The results are shown in Table 1 and Table 2.

[0042] Table 1. Yield data from the experimental field Table 1 shows that the yield of fresh grain in Example 1 was 519 kg / mu, the yield of fresh grain in Comparative Example 1 was 402 kg / mu, and the yield of fresh grain in Comparative Example 2 was 429 kg / mu. The yield of Example 1 was 29.1% higher than that of Comparative Example 1 and 20.98% higher than that of Comparative Example 2.

[0043] Table 2 Comparison of Comprehensive Benefits of Experimental Fields Table 2 shows that, compared with the normal cultivation of conventional rice in Comparative Example 1, the comprehensive economic benefit per mu of the dense planting of conventional rice in Example 1 increased by 379.5 yuan; compared with the normal cultivation of hybrid rice in Comparative Example 2, the comprehensive economic benefit per mu of the dense planting of conventional rice in Example 1 increased by 431 yuan.

[0044] The above results show that the water-saving and drought-resistant rice high-density planting technology provided by the present invention can reduce the application of herbicides, save comprehensive planting costs, increase the number of effective panicles per unit area, increase yield, and further enhance the economic benefits of water-saving and drought-resistant rice under the dry direct seeding and dry management planting mode.

[0045] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, once they have learned the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments.

[0046] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for high-density cultivation of water-saving and drought-resistant conventional rice, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Apply 30-50 kg of 15-15-15 compound fertilizer per mu as base fertilizer; choose broadcast sowing method, with a sowing rate of 5-7 kg / mu; weed after sowing; top-dress, irrigate, and control diseases during the growing season.

2. The method for high-density planting of water-saving and drought-resistant conventional rice according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water-saving and drought-resistant rice variety mentioned is Huhan 1516.

3. The method for high-density planting of water-saving and drought-resistant conventional rice according to claim 1, characterized in that, Weed control is achieved by spraying a pre-emergent herbicide, which is a mixture of pendimethalin and pretilachlor diluted with water.

4. The method for high-density planting of water-saving and drought-resistant conventional rice according to claim 3, characterized in that, The volume ratio of pendimethalin:pretilachlor:water is 2~4:1~3:

600.

5. The method for high-density planting of water-saving and drought-resistant conventional rice according to claim 1, characterized in that, The topdressing is applied at the jointing stage with 5 kg to 10 kg of urea per mu.

6. The method for high-density planting of water-saving and drought-resistant conventional rice according to claim 1, characterized in that, The watering is done once each after sowing, during the jointing stage, the booting stage, and the grain-filling stage.

7. The method for high-density planting of water-saving and drought-resistant conventional rice according to claim 1, characterized in that, The disease control treatment is an insecticide, which is any one or a combination of abamectin, chlorantraniliprole, abamectin chlorfenapyr, and abamectin chlorfluazuron.

8. The method for high-density planting of water-saving and drought-resistant conventional rice according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seeding rate is 6 kg / mu.

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