Preparation process of wear-resistant anti-crack porcelain glaze

Abstract

The invention discloses a wear-resistant and crack-resistant porcelain glaze which is mainly prepared from the following raw materials: 20-35 parts of zirconium silicate, 2-3 parts of zinc oxide, 6-15 parts of kaolin, 15-20 parts of potassium feldspar, 8-12 parts of spodumene, 5-8 parts of magnesium oxide, 9-16 parts of corundum and 6-12 parts of calcite. The invention discloses a preparation process of a wear-resistant and crack-resistant porcelain glaze, which comprises the steps of frit micro-crystallization treatment, optimization of the composition of frit glaze and heating, and at the same time, under the catalytic action of zinc oxide, the grain size of crystal grains separated out from zirconium silicate is smaller, and the prepared porcelain glaze is excellent in compactness and more uniform in coverage. Therefore, toughness, hardness and wear resistance are improved, and wear resistance and crack resistance of the glaze are guaranteed. Compared with the prior art, the prepared glaze layer has more excellent wear resistance and crack resistance.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the field of ceramic glaze, and relates to a preparation process of wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic product glaze. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, consumers have higher and higher requirements for the use effect of ceramic products, and in the daily use and maintenance process of the ceramic products, the surface of the ceramic products is inevitably abraded and cracked, and then problems such as gloss reduction of the glaze and scrapping of the ceramic products are prone to occur. At present, the ceramic products are usually glazed to improve the wear resistance and crack resistance of the ceramic products through the formation of the glaze. The ceramic glaze refers to a glassy thin layer covering the ceramic body, but its composition is more complex than that of glass, and its properties and microstructure also have great differences from those of glass, for example, its high-temperature viscosity is much greater than that of glass, its composition and preparation process are similar to those of the main material but different from those of glass. The ceramic glaze and the body chemically react after firing and can be combined together after cooling to become an integral whole. The glaze is used to improve the chemical stability so that water and air and other liquid and gaseous bodies cannot penetrate through, and at the same time, the ceramic is prevented from cracking and being damaged, and has strong wear resistance.

[0003] For the improvement of the quality of the ceramic glaze, in addition to changing the proportioning of the raw materials, the preparation process of the glaze mainly needs to be optimized, so that the prepared ceramic glaze has relatively stable performance, which becomes a technical problem to be solved by the technical personnel in the field. SUMMARY

[0004] The application provides a preparation process of wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic product glaze, and compared with the prior art, the prepared glaze layer has more excellent wear resistance and crack resistance, and the use effect of the ceramic product is optimized.

[0005] The object of the application can be achieved by the following technical scheme. A wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic product glaze is characterized by being composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-35 parts of zirconium silicate, 5-10 parts of zinc oxide, 6-15 parts of kaolin, 15-20 parts of potassium feldspar, 8-12 parts of spodumene, 5-8 parts of magnesium oxide, 9-16 parts of corundum and 6-12 parts of calcite.

[0006] The zirconium silicate crystal has many good properties such as high hardness (Mohs hardness is about 7.5), large refractive index (1.94), chemical corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance. The zirconium silicate glaze is the most widely used and largest amount of wear-resistant and opalescent glaze variety in the building and sanitary ceramic industry. In the building ceramic industry, the zirconium glaze is widely used as a white opaque cosmetic layer between the body and the surface glaze to cover the undesirable color of the body, or is added in the surface glaze to increase the wear resistance. The crystallization behavior and crystalline state of the zirconium silicate in the glaze are the key to controlling the quality of the zirconium glaze product.

[0007] Potassium feldspar is a potassium-containing quartz mineral with a high melting point and heat resistance. In glazes, potassium feldspar can improve the fluidity of the glaze during melting and promote its melting and crystallization.

[0008] Corundum is a high-hardness mineral, generally used to increase the hardness and wear resistance of glazes. It can introduce an abrasive effect into the glaze, creating a non-slip, wear-resistant surface.

[0009] Magnesium oxide is often used in glazes as an expanding agent, which can improve the expansion properties of the glaze and reduce the shrinkage of the glaze layer during the sintering process, thereby reducing the chance of cracking in the glaze layer.

[0010] Calcite is a calcium-containing mineral often used to increase the whiteness and gloss of glazes. Adding calcite can improve the gloss and color of the glaze, and make the glaze surface more uniform.

[0011] A process for preparing a wear-resistant and crack-resistant glaze for ceramic products includes the following specific steps: M1: Weigh the raw materials according to the weight proportions of the raw materials for the wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glaze; M2: Zirconium silicate, zinc oxide, potassium feldspar, spodumene, magnesium oxide, corundum and calcite are mixed, crushed and melted, kept at a constant temperature, heated a second time, kept at a constant temperature a second time, and then slowly cooled to room temperature to obtain a frit. M3: The frit and kaolin are ball-milled and dried, and then passed through a 200-300 mesh sieve to obtain frit powder; M4: Add frit powder to water, stir evenly and remove iron to obtain glaze slurry. After adjusting the water content of the glaze slurry to 30% to 50%, a wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glaze is obtained.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the zirconium silicate D50 is 5-10 μm.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ball mill speed is 500-800 r / min and the ball milling time is 1-3 h.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the melting temperature is 1000℃~1300℃, the melting time is 2~2.5 h, the holding time is 0.5~1 h; the secondary heating temperature is 1300~1500℃, the secondary holding time is 30~40 min, and the slow cooling rate is 10~20℃ / min.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stirring speed is 350~600 r / min and the stirring time is 0.5~1 h.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of the frit powder, water and milling balls is 2:1:3.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pH of the glaze slurry is 6 to 8.

[0018] An application of a wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glaze, which can be used in ceramic floor tiles, toilets, or washbasins.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are: (1) This invention discloses a wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glaze, which optimizes the composition of the frit glaze. At the same time, under the catalytic action of zinc oxide, the precipitated zirconium silicate has a smaller grain size, resulting in a more uniform and dense glaze surface on the ceramic product, thus improving the wear resistance of the glaze.

[0020] (2) This invention discloses a process for preparing wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glaze. By using a frit microcrystallization process, the heating, heat preservation and cooling processes are optimized to obtain a high-hardness and wear-resistant glaze, thus ensuring the wear-resistant and crack-resistant properties of the glaze. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with embodiments, is provided below.

[0022] Example 1 A wear-resistant and crack-resistant glaze for ceramic products, characterized in that it is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts zirconium silicate, 6 parts zinc oxide, 6 parts kaolin, 15 parts potassium feldspar, 10 parts spodumene, 6 parts magnesium oxide, 12 parts corundum and 10 parts calcite.

[0023] A process for preparing a wear-resistant and crack-resistant glaze for ceramic products includes the following specific steps: M1: Weigh the raw materials according to the weight proportions of the raw materials for the wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glaze; M2: Zirconium silicate, zinc oxide, potassium feldspar, spodumene, magnesium oxide, corundum and calcite are mixed, crushed and melted, kept at a constant temperature, heated a second time, kept at a constant temperature a second time, and then slowly cooled to room temperature to obtain a frit. M3: Ball mill and dry the frit and kaolin, then pass them through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain frit powder; M4: Add frit powder to water, stir evenly and remove iron to obtain glaze slurry. After adjusting the water content of the glaze slurry to 40%, a wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glaze is obtained.

[0024] The zirconium silicate has a D50 of 8 μm.

[0025] The ball mill speed is 600 r / min, and the ball milling time is 2 h.

[0026] The melting temperature is 1100℃, the melting time is 2 h, and the holding time is 0.5 h; the secondary heating temperature is 1450℃, the secondary holding time is 30 min, and the slow cooling rate is 10℃ / min.

[0027] The stirring speed is 450 r / min and the stirring time is 0.5 h.

[0028] The mass ratio of the frit powder, water, and milling balls is 2:1:3.

[0029] The pH of the glaze slurry is 6.

[0030] Application of a wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glaze, wherein the wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glaze is applied to ceramic floor tiles.

[0031] Example 2 A wear-resistant and crack-resistant glaze for ceramic products is characterized by being composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts zirconium silicate, 6 parts zinc oxide, 12 parts kaolinite, 18 parts potassium feldspar, 10 parts spodumene, 6 parts magnesium oxide, 14 parts corundum, and 10 parts calcite.

[0032] A process for preparing a wear-resistant and crack-resistant glaze for ceramic products includes the following specific steps: M1: Weigh the raw materials according to the weight proportions of the raw materials for the wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glaze; M2: Zirconium silicate, zinc oxide, potassium feldspar, spodumene, magnesium oxide, corundum and calcite are mixed, crushed and melted, kept at a constant temperature, heated a second time, kept at a constant temperature a second time, and then slowly cooled to room temperature to obtain a frit. M3: Ball mill and dry the frit and kaolin, then pass them through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain frit powder; M4: Add frit powder to water, stir evenly and remove iron to obtain glaze slurry. After adjusting the water content of the glaze slurry to 30%, a wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glaze is obtained.

[0033] The zirconium silicate has a D50 of 5 μm.

[0034] The ball mill speed is 600 r / min, and the milling time is 3 h.

[0035] The melting temperature is 1250℃, the melting time is 2 h, and the holding time is 0.5 h; the secondary heating temperature is 1450℃, the secondary holding time is 30 min, and the slow cooling rate is 20℃ / min.

[0036] The stirring speed is 450 r / min and the stirring time is 0.5 h.

[0037] The mass ratio of the frit powder, water, and milling balls is 2:1:3.

[0038] The pH of the glaze slurry is 7.

[0039] Application of a wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glaze, wherein the wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glaze is applied to ceramic floor tiles.

[0040] Example 3 A wear-resistant and crack-resistant glaze for ceramic products, characterized in that it is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts zirconium silicate, 6 parts zinc oxide, 10 parts kaolin, 16 parts potassium feldspar, 10 parts spodumene, 6 parts magnesium oxide, 10 parts corundum and 8 parts calcite.

[0041] A process for preparing a wear-resistant and crack-resistant glaze for ceramic products includes the following specific steps: M1: Weigh the raw materials according to the weight proportions of the raw materials for the wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glaze; M2: Zirconium silicate, zinc oxide, potassium feldspar, spodumene, magnesium oxide, corundum and calcite are mixed, crushed and melted, kept at a constant temperature, heated a second time, kept at a constant temperature a second time, and then slowly cooled to room temperature to obtain a frit. M3: Ball mill and dry the frit and kaolin, then pass them through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain frit powder; M4: Add frit powder to water, stir evenly and remove iron to obtain glaze slurry. After adjusting the water content of the glaze slurry to 40%, a wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glaze is obtained.

[0042] The zirconium silicate has a D50 of 5 μm.

[0043] The ball mill speed is 800 r / min, and the ball milling time is 2 h.

[0044] The melting temperature is 1200℃, the melting time is 2 hours, and the holding time is 0.5 hours; the secondary heating temperature is 1300℃, the secondary holding time is 30 minutes, and the slow cooling rate is 20℃ / min.

[0045] The stirring speed is 350 r / min and the stirring time is 1 h.

[0046] The mass ratio of the frit powder, water, and milling balls is 2:1:3.

[0047] The pH of the glaze slurry is 7.

[0048] Application of a wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glaze, wherein the wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glaze is applied to ceramic floor tiles.

[0049] Example 4 A wear-resistant and crack-resistant glaze for ceramic products is characterized by being composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts zirconium silicate, 6 parts zinc oxide, 12 parts kaolinite, 15 parts potassium feldspar, 8 parts spodumene, 5 parts magnesium oxide, 9 parts corundum, and 6 parts calcite.

[0050] A process for preparing a wear-resistant and crack-resistant glaze for ceramic products includes the following specific steps: M1: Weigh the raw materials according to the weight proportions of the raw materials for the wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glaze; M2: Zirconium silicate, zinc oxide, potassium feldspar, spodumene, magnesium oxide, corundum and calcite are mixed, crushed and melted, kept at a certain temperature, then heated again, kept at a certain temperature again, and then slowly cooled to room temperature to obtain a frit. M3: Ball mill and dry the frit and kaolin, then pass them through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain frit powder; M4: Add frit powder to water, stir evenly and remove iron to obtain glaze slurry. After adjusting the water content of the glaze slurry to 50%, a wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glaze is obtained.

[0051] The zirconium silicate has a D50 of 10 μm.

[0052] The ball mill has a speed of 800 r / min and a milling time of 1 h.

[0053] The melting temperature is 1000℃, the melting time is 2 h, and the holding time is 0.5 h; the secondary heating temperature is 1300℃, the secondary holding time is 40 min, and the slow cooling rate is 10℃ / min.

[0054] The stirring speed is 360 r / min and the stirring time is 0.5 h.

[0055] The mass ratio of the frit powder, water, and milling balls is 2:1:3.

[0056] The pH of the glaze slurry is 8.

[0057] Application of a wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glaze, wherein the wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glaze is applied to ceramic floor tiles.

[0058] Comparative Example 1 Based on Example 2, zinc oxide was replaced with an equal mass of zirconium silicate.

[0059] Comparative Example 2 A wear-resistant and crack-resistant glaze for ceramic products is characterized by being composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts zirconium silicate, 6 parts zinc oxide, 12 parts kaolinite, 18 parts potassium feldspar, 10 parts spodumene, 6 parts magnesium oxide, 14 parts corundum, and 10 parts calcite.

[0060] A process for preparing a wear-resistant and crack-resistant glaze for ceramic products includes the following specific steps: M1: Weigh the raw materials according to the weight proportions of the raw materials for the wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glaze; M2: After mixing all raw materials, crush them and ball mill them, then pass them through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain glaze powder. M3: Add glaze powder to water, stir evenly and remove iron to obtain glaze slurry. After adjusting the water content of the glaze slurry to 30%, a wear-resistant and crack-resistant glaze for porcelain products is obtained.

[0061] The zirconium silicate has a D50 of 5 μm.

[0062] The ball mill speed is 600 r / min, and the milling time is 3 h.

[0063] The stirring speed is 450 r / min, and the stirring time is 0.5 h.

[0064] The mass ratio of the frit powder, water, and milling balls is 2:1:3.

[0065] The pH of the glaze slurry is 7.

[0066] Application of a wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glaze, wherein the wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glaze is applied to ceramic floor tiles.

[0067] Comparative Example 3 A wear-resistant and crack-resistant glaze for ceramic products is characterized by being composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts zirconium silicate, 6 parts zinc oxide, 12 parts kaolinite, 18 parts potassium feldspar, 10 parts spodumene, 6 parts magnesium oxide, 14 parts corundum, and 10 parts calcite.

[0068] A process for preparing a wear-resistant and crack-resistant glaze for ceramic products includes the following specific steps: M1: Weigh the raw materials according to the weight proportions of the raw materials for the wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glaze; M2: Zirconium silicate, zinc oxide, potassium feldspar, spodumene, magnesium oxide, corundum and calcite are mixed, crushed and melted, kept at a certain temperature, and then slowly cooled to room temperature to obtain a frit. M3: Ball mill and dry the frit and kaolin, then pass them through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain frit powder; M4: Add frit powder to water, stir evenly and remove iron to obtain glaze slurry. After adjusting the water content of the glaze slurry to 30%, a wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glaze is obtained.

[0069] The zirconium silicate has a D50 of 5 μm.

[0070] The ball mill speed is 600 r / min, and the milling time is 3 h.

[0071] The melting temperature is 1450℃, the melting time is 2 h, the holding time is 0.5 h, and the slow cooling rate is 20℃ / min.

[0072] The stirring speed is 450 r / min and the stirring time is 0.5 h.

[0073] The mass ratio of the frit powder, water, and milling balls is 2:1:3.

[0074] The pH of the glaze slurry is 7.

[0075] Application of a wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glaze, wherein the wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glaze is applied to ceramic floor tiles.

[0076] Comparative Example 4 A wear-resistant and crack-resistant glaze for ceramic products is characterized by being composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts zirconium silicate, 6 parts zinc oxide, 12 parts kaolinite, 18 parts potassium feldspar, 10 parts spodumene, 6 parts magnesium oxide, 14 parts corundum, and 10 parts calcite.

[0077] A process for preparing a wear-resistant and crack-resistant glaze for ceramic products includes the following specific steps: M1: Weigh the raw materials according to the weight proportions of the raw materials for the wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glaze; M2: Zirconium silicate, zinc oxide, potassium feldspar, spodumene, magnesium oxide, corundum and calcite are mixed, crushed and melted, kept at a certain temperature, then heated again, kept at a certain temperature again, and then quenched to room temperature to obtain a frit. M3: Ball mill and dry the frit and kaolin, then pass them through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain frit powder; M4: Add frit powder to water, stir evenly and remove iron to obtain glaze slurry. After adjusting the water content of the glaze slurry to 30%, a wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glaze is obtained.

[0078] The zirconium silicate has a D50 of 5 μm.

[0079] The ball mill speed is 600 r / min, and the milling time is 3 h.

[0080] The melting temperature is 1250℃, the melting time is 2 h, and the holding time is 0.5 h; the secondary heating temperature is 1450℃, and the secondary holding time is 30 min.

[0081] The stirring speed is 450 r / min and the stirring time is 0.5 h.

[0082] The mass ratio of the frit powder, water, and milling balls is 2:1:3.

[0083] The pH of the glaze slurry is 7.

[0084] Application of a wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glaze, wherein the wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glaze is applied to ceramic floor tiles.

[0085] Performance testing: 1. Abrasion resistance testing Test materials: wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glazes obtained in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-4.

[0086] Test method: The abrasion resistance was tested according to the standard GB / T3810.7-2016 "Test methods for ceramic tiles - Part 7: Determination of abrasion resistance of glazed tile surfaces".

[0087] Test results: Eight batches of samples were tested according to law, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0088] Table 1. Overview of the wear resistance of glazes As shown in Table 1, the wear resistance of Examples 1-4 is better than that of Comparative Examples 1-4.

[0089] 2. Crack resistance test Test materials: wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glazes obtained in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-4.

[0090] Test method: The modulus of rupture of ceramic tiles was determined in accordance with GB / T3810.4-2006 "Test methods for ceramic tiles - Part 4: Determination of modulus of rupture and breaking strength".

[0091] Experimental results: The results are shown in Table 2.

[0092] Table 2. Overview of Crack Resistance of Glazes The data in Table 2 show that the glazes prepared in Examples 1-4 have better crack resistance than those prepared in Comparative Examples 1-4.

[0093] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wear-resistant and crack-resistant glaze for ceramic products, characterized in that, It is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-35 parts zirconium silicate, 5-10 parts zinc oxide, 6-15 parts kaolinite, 15-20 parts potassium feldspar, 8-12 parts spodumene, 5-8 parts magnesium oxide, 9-16 parts corundum and 6-12 parts calcite.

2. A preparation process for a wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glaze as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps include the following: M1: Weigh the raw materials according to the weight proportions of the raw materials for the wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glaze; M2: Zirconium silicate, zinc oxide, potassium feldspar, spodumene, magnesium oxide, corundum and calcite are mixed, crushed and melted, kept at a constant temperature, heated a second time, kept at a constant temperature a second time, and then slowly cooled to room temperature to obtain a frit. M3: Ball mill and dry the frit and kaolin, and pass them through a 200-300 mesh sieve to obtain frit powder; M4: Add frit powder to water, stir evenly and remove iron to obtain glaze slurry. After adjusting the water content of the glaze slurry to 30% to 50%, a wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glaze is obtained.

3. The preparation process of a wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glaze according to claim 2, characterized in that, The zirconium silicate has a D50 of 5–10 μm.

4. The preparation process of a wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glaze according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ball mill speed is 500-800 r / min, and the ball milling time is 1-3 h.

5. The preparation process of a wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glaze according to claim 2, characterized in that, The melting temperature is 1000℃-1300℃, the melting time is 2-2.5 h, and the holding time is 0.5-1 h; the secondary heating temperature is 1300-1500℃, the secondary holding time is 30-40 min, and the slow cooling rate is 10-20℃ / min.

6. The preparation process of a wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glaze according to claim 2, characterized in that, The stirring speed is 350–600 r / min, and the stirring time is 0.5–1 h.

7. The preparation process of a wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glaze according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the frit powder, water, and milling balls is 2:1:

3.

8. The preparation process of a wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glaze according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pH of the glaze slurry is 6 to 8.

9. The application of the wear-resistant and crack-resistant glaze for ceramic products as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The wear-resistant and crack-resistant ceramic glaze can be used for ceramic floor tiles, toilets, or washbasins.

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