Anterior cervical minimally invasive fusion surgery stabilizing system and application method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of surgical auxiliary tools, in particular to an anterior cervical minimally invasive fusion surgery stabilizing system and an application method thereof. The system comprises a universal endoscope fixing arm used for limiting the position of the anterior cervical endoscope and guaranteeing the stability of the anterior cervical endoscope in the operation process; the universal tissue spreader is connected with the universal endoscope fixing arm and is used for spreading soft tissues; the universal vertebral body dilator is used for dilating bone tissues; the universal pneumatic mechanical arm is connected with the universal tissue spreader and used for keeping the position of the universal tissue spreader in a pneumatic control mode. Stable connection is formed through modular clamping, a specific mechanism and an external member are adopted, the hand-held shaking problem is solved, synchronous reverse opening of soft tissue and bone tissue is achieved, a closed force transmission path is formed to keep the position, and supporting by additional personnel is not needed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of surgical auxiliary tools, in particular to a cervical anterior approach minimally invasive fusion surgery stabilizing system and an application method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] As an important treatment method in the field of modern spinal surgery, the cervical anterior approach minimally invasive surgery has been widely used in the treatment of cervical spine diseases due to its advantages of small trauma, fast recovery, and less damage to surrounding tissues. However, with the deepening of clinical practice, the existing cervical anterior approach minimally invasive surgery operation method gradually exposes many problems.

[0003] At present, in the cervical anterior approach minimally invasive surgery, the anatomical structure area is opened and the soft tissue and bone tissue are opened and separated by multiple operators. During the operation, a special person needs to use the opening instrument to separate and fix, and multiple people cooperate to make the limited cervical surgery space more crowded, which increases the operation difficulty and risk. The uncertainty of manual operation is large, and the skill, habit, and physical strength of the operator affect the opening effect. Long time operation is easy to cause fatigue, which leads to unstable opening force, difficult to accurately control the position of soft tissue and bone tissue, affects the accuracy of the operation, and may also damage the surrounding blood vessels and nerves. In the face of complex anatomical structure and sudden situation, it is difficult to maintain stable opening state by manual operation, which is easy to cause force change or instrument displacement, affecting the stability and continuity of the operation. In addition, the limitation of manual operation makes the operation need to frequently adjust the instrument, prolongs the operation time, and the communication and operation of multiple people are not smooth, which also reduces the efficiency, increases the risk and pain of patients during operation.

[0004] The endoscope is a key tool for observing the operation site, but at present, the operator needs to hold and keep the endoscope stable for a long time during the operation, which requires a high level. On the one hand, long time holding requires stable and endurance hands, and the angle and position need to be adjusted according to the progress of the operation. Doctors with insufficient experience are challenged and are easy to make mistakes, which affects the operation. On the other hand, the operation is difficult, which is easy to cause hand fatigue and tremor of the operator, which makes the vision blurred or deviated, and it is difficult for the doctor to accurately judge, which increases the risk of damaging the tissue during the operation.

[0005] These problems not only affect the efficiency and quality of the operation, but also increase the risk of operation of patients, which needs to be solved by technical improvement. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to provide a cervical anterior approach minimally invasive fusion surgery stabilizing system and an application method thereof to solve at least one of the above technical problems.

[0007] The present application realizes the above-mentioned purpose through the following technical scheme: A cervical anterior approach minimally invasive fusion surgery stabilizing system, comprising: a universal endoscope fixing arm, a universal tissue opening device, a universal vertebral body opening device, a cervical anterior approach endoscope, and a universal pneumatic mechanical arm. The universal endoscope fixing arm is used for position limiting of the anterior cervical endoscope, so as to ensure stability of the anterior cervical endoscope during the operation; The universal tissue expander is connected with the universal endoscope fixing arm, and the universal tissue expander is used for expanding soft tissue; The universal vertebral body expander is used for expanding bone tissue; The universal pneumatic mechanical arm is connected with the universal tissue expander, and the universal pneumatic mechanical arm is used for keeping the position of the universal tissue expander in a pneumatic control mode.

[0008] Further, the universal endoscope fixing arm comprises a force arm rod; Two ball head sleeves are connected on the force arm rod, and the angle of each ball head sleeve is adjusted by a force arm rod adjusting knob; An endoscope fixing ball head screw is arranged in the first ball head sleeve, one end of a spherical sleeve base is connected with the endoscope fixing ball head screw, and the other end is connected with an endoscope limiting seat, and an anterior cervical endoscope is connected with the endoscope limiting seat; A fixing ball head screw is arranged in the second ball head sleeve, one end of a clamping piece is connected with the fixing ball head screw, and the other end is connected with a clamping ring arranged on the universal tissue expander.

[0009] Further, one end of the ball head sleeve is sleeved on the outer wall of the force arm rod, and one end of the force arm rod is rotationally connected with a force arm rod adjusting knob; the connection angle of the two ball head sleeves and the force arm rod is fixed by rotating the force arm rod adjusting knob; At least one end of the first ball head sleeve is hollow, and the endoscope fixing ball head screw is arranged in the inner wall of the first ball head sleeve; one end of the spherical sleeve base is provided with a thread matched with the endoscope fixing ball head screw, and the other end is provided with a fixed through hole; an endoscope fixing screw is arranged on the fixed through hole, and one end of the anterior cervical endoscope penetrates through the fixed through hole and is connected with the endoscope fixing screw; At least one end of the second ball head sleeve is hollow, and the fixing ball head screw is fixed in the inner wall of the first ball head sleeve; one end of the clamping piece is provided with a thread matched with the fixing ball head screw, and the other end is clamped in the inner part of the clamping ring; an assembly fixing screw is arranged through the outer wall of the clamping ring.

[0010] Further, the universal tissue expander comprises a first rack; Two expander sliders are slidably connected on the first rack, and each expander slider is connected with a baffle through a baffle force arm; the two baffles provide support force in opposite directions to expand soft tissue; One end of the first rack is connected with the universal pneumatic mechanical arm through a mechanical arm adapter; The mechanical arm adapter is provided with a clamping ring, and the clamping ring is used for clamping the clamping piece arranged on the universal endoscope fixing arm.

[0011] Further, the two spreader sliders are connected to the first gear knob set in a positive and negative manner respectively; the position of the spreader sliders on the first rack is adjusted through the first gear knob set. The spreader slider is connected to the longitudinal shaft joint through a Z-axis knob, and the longitudinal shaft joint is rotatably connected to the end away from the spreader slider and the baffle arm.

[0012] Further, the first gear knob set is further provided with a first release button, and the first release button is used to release the position fixing of the first gear knob set and the first rack.

[0013] Further, the universal vertebral body spreader comprises a second rack. The two gear fixing blocks are slidably connected to the second rack, and each gear fixing block is connected to a bone screw through a bone screw shaft joint; the two bone screws provide support force to spread the bone tissue in opposite directions.

[0014] Further, the two gear fixing blocks are connected to the second gear knob set in a positive and negative manner respectively; the position of the gear fixing blocks on the second rack is adjusted through the second gear knob set. The gear fixing block is rotatably connected to the bone screw shaft joint, the bone screw shaft joint is provided with a bone screw guide rod at the end away from the gear fixing block, and the bone screw is arranged inside the bone screw guide rod and extends out of the bottom of the bone screw guide rod.

[0015] Further, the second gear knob set is further provided with a second release button; the second release button is used to release the position fixing of the second gear knob set and the second rack. The top of the bone screw guide rod is provided with a fixed hand screw nut; the top of the bone screw is threadedly connected to the fixed hand screw nut, and the length of the bottom of the bone screw extending out of the bone screw guide rod is adjusted by rotating the hand screw nut.

[0016] An application method of the anterior cervical minimally invasive fusion surgery stabilization system, adopts any one of the above-mentioned anterior cervical minimally invasive fusion surgery stabilization systems, and the application method comprises the following steps: Assembling the anterior cervical minimally invasive fusion surgery stabilization system; Locking the mechanical arm adapter through the universal pneumatic mechanical arm, so that the spatial position of the first rack is kept fixed; Adjusting the spreader slider and the longitudinal shaft joint, so that the two baffles oppositely spread the soft tissue; Adjusting the gear fixing block, the bone screw shaft joint and the fixed hand screw nut, so that the two bone screws oppositely spread the bone tissue; Fixing the position of the anterior cervical endoscope through the endoscope fixing screw, so as to ensure that accurate and stable images are obtained.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: The present application innovatively redesigns and upgrades the existing cervical anterior approach surgery distraction instrument: by skillfully combining the universal tissue distraction instrument and the universal vertebral body distraction instrument, and carefully adding the mechanical arm fixing clamping and the universal endoscope fixing arm clamping to the universal tissue distraction instrument, the efficient connection of the mechanical arm and the universal endoscope fixing arm is realized. The present application greatly reduces the personnel operation link in the surgical process, significantly improves the stability and easy operation of the instrument. During the operation, the medical staff does not need to manually stabilize the distraction instrument for a long time, effectively reducing the physical burden of the surgical operator, providing a strong guarantee for the stable and efficient development of the operation.

[0018] The present application improves the safety of the operation: on the one hand, the number of personnel involved in the operation process is reduced, and the risk of human factors leading to operation failure is reduced; on the other hand, too many personnel occupy the operation space of the surgical operator to the patient's wound, thereby reducing the possibility of accidental injury to the patient, and improving the safety of the operation in all directions.

[0019] The present application realizes a major breakthrough in the use of endoscopes: by increasing the stable fixation and universal adjustment function of the endoscope, the stability of the surgical operator holding the endoscope for surgical operation is greatly improved. At the same time, the endoscope can be flexibly adjusted at multiple angles, not only providing a more extensive and convenient operation field for the surgical operator, but also further improving the convenience and safety of the operation, creating favorable conditions for precise and efficient surgical operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a whole structure schematic diagram of the cervical anterior approach minimally invasive fusion surgery stabilizing system of an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 It is a structure schematic diagram of the universal endoscope fixing arm of an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 It is a structure schematic diagram of the universal tissue distraction instrument of an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 It is a structure schematic diagram of the universal vertebral body distraction instrument of an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 It is a flow chart of the application method of the cervical anterior approach minimally invasive fusion surgery stabilizing system of an embodiment of the present application.

[0021] The components include: 1. Universal endoscope fixing arm; 11. Lever arm; 12. Lever arm adjusting knob; 13. Ball head sleeve; 14. Endoscope fixing ball head screw; 15. Endoscope limiting seat; 16. Endoscope fixing screw; 17. Spherical sleeve base; 18. Fixing ball head screw; 19. Clip-on component; 2. Universal tissue retractor; 21. First rack; 22. First gear knob assembly; 23. Retractor slider; 24. Longitudinal axis joint; 25. Baffle lever arm. 26. Baffle plate; 27. Z-axis knob; 28. First release button; 29. ​​Robotic arm adapter; 210. Assembly fixing screw; 211. Snap-fit ​​ring; 3. Universal vertebral body expander; 31. Bone screw guide rod; 32. Second rack; 33. Second gear knob kit; 34. Gear fixing block; 35. Second release button; 36. Bone screw shaft joint; 37. Bone screw; 38. Fixing hand-tightening nut; 4. Anterior cervical endoscope; 5. Universal pneumatic robotic arm. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The invention will now be discussed with reference to exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely intended to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and thus implement the invention, and are not intended to imply any limitation on the scope of the invention.

[0023] As used herein, the term "comprising" and its variations are to be interpreted as open-ended terms meaning "including but not limited to". The term "based on" is to be interpreted as "at least partially based on". The terms "one embodiment" and "an embodiment" are to be interpreted as "at least one embodiment".

[0024] Example 1

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a stabilization system for anterior cervical minimally invasive fusion surgery according to one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, a stabilization system for anterior cervical fusion surgery includes: a universal endoscope fixation arm 1, a universal tissue retractor 2, a universal vertebral body retractor 3, an anterior cervical endoscope 4, and a universal pneumatic robotic arm 5. The universal endoscope fixing arm 1 is used to limit the position of the anterior cervical endoscope 4 and ensure the stability of the anterior cervical endoscope 4 during the operation. The universal tissue retractor 2 is connected to the universal endoscope fixing arm 1. The universal tissue retractor 2 is used to retract soft tissue. Universal vertebral body spreader 3 is used to spread bone tissue; The universal pneumatic robotic arm 5 is connected to the universal tissue stretcher 2. The universal pneumatic robotic arm 5 is used to maintain the position of the universal tissue stretcher 2 through pneumatic control.

[0026] In this embodiment, a cervical anterior approach minimally invasive fusion surgery stabilization system is proposed, which is composed of a universal endoscope fixing arm 1, a universal tissue distractor 2, a universal vertebral distractor 3, a cervical anterior approach endoscope 4 and a universal pneumatic mechanical arm 5, and is connected stably through modular clamping. The universal endoscope fixing arm 1 adopts a double-ball knob locking mechanism, can be rigidly locked after being positioned at any angle during the operation, solves the hand shaking problem, the universal tissue distractor 2 and the universal vertebral distractor 3 both adopt a rack-slider-gear knob kit, realize synchronous reverse distraction of soft tissue and bone tissue, and the universal pneumatic mechanical arm 5 directly acts on the rack tail of the universal tissue distractor 2 through an adapter, forms a closed force transmission path, bears the distraction reaction force, and keeps the position through low-pressure pneumatic servo without the need of additional personnel to support.

[0027] The present application forms a stable connection through modular clamping, adopts specific mechanisms and kits, solves the hand shaking problem, realizes synchronous reverse distraction of soft tissue and bone tissue, forms a closed force transmission path to keep the position, and does not need additional personnel to support.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a structure schematic diagram of the universal endoscope fixing arm of one embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 As shown in the drawing, according to one embodiment of the present application, the universal endoscope fixing arm 1 comprises a force arm rod 11. Two ball head sleeves 13 are connected to the force arm rod 11, and the angle of each ball head sleeve 13 is adjusted through a force arm rod adjusting knob 12. An endoscope fixing ball head screw 14 is arranged in the first ball head sleeve 13, a spherical sleeve base 17 is connected to the endoscope fixing ball head screw 14 at one end and connected to an endoscope limiting seat 15 at the other end, and a cervical anterior approach endoscope 4 is connected to the endoscope limiting seat 15. A fixing ball head screw 18 is arranged in the second ball head sleeve 13, a clamping piece 19 is connected to the fixing ball head screw 18 at one end and connected to a clamping ring 211 arranged on the universal tissue distractor 2 at the other end.

[0029] Preferably, the ball head sleeve 13 is sleeved on the outer wall of the force arm rod 11 at one end, and the force arm rod 11 is rotationally connected to a force arm rod adjusting knob 12 at one end, so as to fix the connection angle of the two ball head sleeves 13 and the force arm rod 11 by rotating the force arm rod adjusting knob 12. The first ball head sleeve 13 is hollow at least at one end, and the endoscope fixing ball head screw 14 is arranged on the inner wall of the first ball head sleeve 13; the spherical sleeve base 17 is provided with a thread matched with the endoscope fixing ball head screw 14 at one end and a fixing through hole at the other end; an endoscope fixing screw 16 is arranged on the fixing through hole, and one end of the cervical anterior approach endoscope 4 penetrates through the fixing through hole and is connected to the endoscope fixing screw 16. The second ball head sleeve 13 is hollow at least at one end, and the fixed ball head screw 18 is fixed to the inner wall of the first ball head sleeve 13; the clamping piece 19 is provided with a thread matched with the fixed ball head screw 18 at one end and is clamped to the inner wall of the clamping ring 211 at the other end; and the assembling fixed screw 210 is provided through the outer wall of the clamping ring 211.

[0030] In the embodiment, the universal endoscope fixing arm 1 takes the force arm rod 11 as a rigid backbone, two ball head sleeves 13 are sleeved on the force arm rod 11, and the force arm rod adjusting knob 12 is synchronously locked, so that the ball head sleeve 13 is instantaneously rigidly positioned at any pitch / rotation angle; the endoscope fixed ball head screw 14 is threadedly coupled with the spherical sleeve base 17 in the first ball head sleeve 13, the fixed through hole of the spherical sleeve base 17 is tightly held by the endoscope fixed screw 16, a “ball head-thread-hoop” three-level coaxial locking is formed, the universal adjustment is retained, and the microscopic shaking is eliminated; the fixed ball head screw 18 is embedded in the second ball head sleeve 13, the clamping piece 19 is inserted into the clamping ring 211 of the universal tissue spreader 2, and the assembling fixed screw 210 is radially tightly pressed, so that the endoscope load is directly transmitted to the spreader rigid framework, and the drift caused by “cantilever-soft connection” is avoided; both the ball head sleeves 13 are designed to be hollow at one side, the screw is matched with the ball head seat, and the contact loosening is prevented, so that the “angle adjustment-load transmission-quick release locking” integration is realized in the same component, the double requirements of the field of view stability and space occupation for the anterior cervical minimally invasive channel are met.

[0031] The universal endoscope fixing arm of the application realizes the rigid positioning of the ball head sleeve at any angle, the three-level coaxial locking of the endoscope, and the direct load transmission to the spreader, avoids the drift, meets the double requirements of the field of view stability and space occupation for the anterior cervical minimally invasive surgery, and has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, high stability, and high reliability.

[0032] Figure 3 It is a structure schematic view of the universal tissue spreader according to an embodiment of the application. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, according to an embodiment of the application, the universal tissue spreader 2 comprises a first rack 21; The first rack 21 is slidably connected with two spreader sliders 23, each spreader slider 23 is connected with a baffle force arm 25 and a baffle 26, and the two baffles 26 provide support forces in opposite directions to spread soft tissues; One end of the first rack 21 is connected with the universal pneumatic mechanical arm 5 through a mechanical arm adapter 29; The mechanical arm adapter 29 is provided with a clamping ring 211, and the clamping ring 211 is used for clamping with the clamping piece 19 provided on the universal endoscope fixing arm 1.

[0033] Preferably, the two spreader sliders 23 are connected to the first gear knob set 22 in a positive and negative manner respectively; the position of the spreader slider 23 on the first rack 21 is adjusted through the first gear knob set 22. The spreader slider 23 is connected to the longitudinal shaft joint 24 through the Z-axis knob 27, and the longitudinal shaft joint 24 is rotationally connected to the blocking piece force arm 25 away from the spreader slider 23.

[0034] Preferably, the first gear knob set 22 is further provided with a first release button 28, which is used to release the position fixation of the first gear knob set 22 and the first rack 21.

[0035] In this embodiment, the universal tissue spreader 2 takes the first rack 21 as a rigid guide rail, and the two spreader sliders 23 are engaged with the first gear knob set 22 in a positive and negative manner, and the rotating set can be synchronously and reversely slid, realizing the efficient and symmetrical spread of the soft tissue by the blocking piece 26; the slider 23 is connected through the Z-axis knob 27-longitudinal shaft joint 24-blocking piece force arm 25 three-stage hinge, converting the linear feeding into the arbitrary angle attachment of the blocking piece 26, ensuring the uniform stress of the incision wall; the first gear knob set 22 is provided with a first release button 28, which can instantaneously retreat the blocking piece 26 by one-key disengaging the gear-rack self-locking, meeting the emergency instrument withdrawal demand; the tail end of the first rack 21 is fixedly connected with the universal pneumatic mechanical arm 5 through the mechanical arm adapter 29, and the clamping ring 211 on the mechanical arm adapter 29 simultaneously tightly clamps the clamping piece 19 of the universal endoscope fixing arm 1, so that the spread counterforce is directly transmitted through the first rack 21-mechanical arm adapter 29-universal pneumatic mechanical arm 5 closed loop, realizing stable connection.

[0036] The universal vertebral body spreader of the present application realizes efficient and symmetrical spread of soft tissue and arbitrary angle attachment of the blocking piece through the first rack, gear knob set and the like, has a release button to meet the emergency instrument withdrawal demand, and realizes stable connection through closed loop transmission of the spread counterforce.

[0037] Figure 4 The universal vertebral body spreader structure diagram of an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 1. Figure 4 As shown in FIG. 1, according to an embodiment of the present application, the universal vertebral body spreader 3 comprises a second rack 32. The second rack 32 is slidably connected with two gear fixed blocks 34, and each gear fixed block 34 is connected with a bone screw shaft joint 36 and a bone screw 37; the two bone screws 37 provide support force in opposite directions to spread the bone tissue.

[0038] Preferably, the two gear fixed blocks 34 are connected to the second gear knob set 33 in a positive and negative manner respectively; the position of the gear fixed block 34 on the second rack 32 is adjusted through the second gear knob set 33. The gear fixing block 34 is rotatably connected to the bone nail shaft joint 36. The bone nail shaft joint 36 is provided with a bone nail guide rod 31 at the end opposite to the gear fixing block 34. The bone nail 37 is located inside the bone nail guide rod 31 and extends out of the bone nail guide rod 31 at the bottom.

[0039] Preferably, the second gear knob assembly 33 is further provided with a second release button 35; the second release button 35 is used to release the position fixation between the second gear knob assembly 33 and the second rack 32; The top of the bone screw guide rod 31 is provided with a fixing hand-tightening nut 38; the top of the bone screw 37 is threadedly connected to the fixing hand-tightening nut 38, and the length of the bottom of the bone screw 37 extending out of the bone screw guide rod 31 can be adjusted by rotating the hand-tightening nut 38.

[0040] In this embodiment, the universal vertebral body expander 3 uses the second rack 32 as its frame, and two gear fixing blocks 34 mesh with the second gear knob assembly 33 in opposite directions. When rotated, they slide in opposite directions simultaneously, driving the bone screw 37 to apply a symmetrical expansion force to the vertebral body. The gear fixing blocks 34 are hinged to the bone screw guide rod 31 via the bone screw shaft joint 36, so that the bone screw 37 can still be finely adjusted with the anatomical surface after insertion, avoiding rigid shearing. The bone screw 37 is placed in the bone screw guide rod 31, and its extension length is precisely adjusted and self-locked by the fixed hand-tightening nut 38 to ensure the stability of the screw-bone interface. The second release button 35 disengages the second gear knob assembly 33 from the second rack 32 with one click, allowing for quick screw removal and disassembly. The entire force chain directly closes the expansion reaction force in the second rack 32, without relying on an external support, realizing the integration of unidirectional adjustment, bidirectional locking, and emergency release of bone tissue expansion.

[0041] The universal vertebral body expander of the present invention uses a second rack as a frame and achieves symmetrical expansion of bone screws through gear transmission. The angle of the bone screws is adjustable and the length can be precisely controlled. With the release button, the screws can be quickly withdrawn, achieving stable, flexible and safe operation of bone tissue expansion.

[0042] Example 2 like Figures 1-4 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, a stabilization system for anterior cervical fusion surgery comprises a universal endoscope fixation arm 1, a universal tissue retractor 2, a universal vertebral retractor 3, an anterior cervical endoscope 4, and a universal pneumatic robotic arm 5. This system is primarily used to fix and retract bone and soft tissues during surgery, effectively protect the soft tissues of the neck, and stabilize the anterior cervical endoscope 4 used in the surgery. In terms of overall connection, the universal endoscope fixation arm 1 is connected to the robotic arm adapter 29 on the universal tissue retractor 2 via a fixing ball head screw 18, enabling their combined use. The universal tissue retractor 2 is provided with a locking position for connecting the universal pneumatic robotic arm 5; their combined use ensures instrument stability during surgery, improves surgical safety and reliability, facilitates efficient surgery, and reduces patient risk. Specifically: The universal endoscope fixing arm 1 includes two lever arms 11 and two ball joints 13. During installation, an endoscope fixing ball joint screw 14 is fitted into one ball joint 13, and a fixing ball joint screw 18 is fitted into the other ball joint 13. The threads of the endoscope fixing ball joint screw 14 are screwed into the ball joint base 17, and then the endoscope limiting seat 15 is rotated into the ball joint base 17. Next, the anterior cervical endoscope 4 is inserted into the hole of the endoscope limiting seat 15, and finally, the endoscope fixing screw 16 is screwed in to fix the anterior cervical endoscope 4.

[0043] The assembly process of the universal tissue retractor 2 is as follows: First, assemble the two retractor sliders 23 with the first gear knob assembly 22 in opposite directions, and then slide them into the first rack 21. Attach the robotic arm adapter 29 to one end of the first rack 21. Next, assemble the two longitudinal axis joints 24, the two baffle arms 25, and the two baffles 26 together, and install them onto the retractor sliders 23 respectively. Tighten the Z-axis knob 27 to complete the fixation. Finally, assemble the first release button 28 onto the retractor slider 23 and fix it in place. This completes the assembly of the universal tissue retractor 2.

[0044] The assembly steps of the universal vertebral body expander 3 are as follows: Assemble two rack fixing blocks 34, one facing forward and one facing backward, on the second rack 32. Insert the second gear knob assembly 33 and the second release button 35 into the holes of the rack fixing blocks 34. Then, assemble the bone screw shaft joints 36 at the front ends of the two rack fixing blocks 34 respectively, and fix them using bone screw lever arm pivot pins. Assemble the bone screw guide rod 31 on the bone screw shaft joint 36. Finally, insert the bone screw 37 into the bone screw guide rod 31 and secure it with the fixing hand-tightening nut 38 to complete the assembly of the universal vertebral body expander 3.

[0045] Screw the fixed ball head screw 18 of the assembled universal endoscope fixation arm 1 into the robotic arm adapter 29 of the universal tissue retractor 2, and then screw in the assembly fixation screw 210. This completes the assembly of the entire independent anterior cervical surgery system.

[0046] The anterior cervical fusion surgery stabilization system of this invention consists of a universal endoscope fixation arm, a universal tissue retractor, a universal vertebral body retractor, an anterior cervical endoscope, and a universal pneumatic robotic arm. Through the ingenious connection of the universal endoscope fixation arm, the universal tissue retractor, and the universal pneumatic robotic arm, it achieves fixation and retraction of bone and soft tissues during surgery, as well as protection of the neck soft tissues, and also firmly fixes the anterior cervical endoscope. After the components are assembled according to specific steps, it ensures the stability of the surgical instruments, improves the safety and reliability of the surgery, facilitates efficient surgery, and reduces patient risks.

[0047] Example 3 Figure 5This is a flowchart illustrating the application method of a stabilization system for anterior cervical minimally invasive fusion surgery according to one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, a method for applying an anterior cervical minimally invasive fusion surgery stabilization system, using any one of the anterior cervical minimally invasive fusion surgery stabilization systems of the present invention, includes the following steps: Step S102: Assemble the stabilization system for the anterior cervical minimally invasive fusion surgery; Step S104: Lock the mechanical arm adapter 29 by using the universal pneumatic mechanical arm 5 to keep the spatial position of the first rack 21 fixed. Step S106: Adjust the expander slider 23 and longitudinal axis joint 24 so that the two baffles 26 open the soft tissue from opposite directions. Step S108: Adjust the gear fixing block 34, bone nail shaft joint 36 and fixing hand-tightening nut 38 so that the two bone nails 37 open the bone tissue from opposite directions; Step S110: Fix the position of the anterior cervical endoscope 4 with the endoscope fixing screw 16 to ensure accurate and stable image acquisition.

[0048] In this embodiment, the application method of a stabilization system for anterior cervical fusion surgery, using any one of the stabilization systems of the present invention, specifically includes: first, completing system assembly, so that the universal endoscope fixation arm 1, universal tissue retractor 2, universal vertebral body retractor 3, anterior cervical endoscope 4, and universal pneumatic robotic arm 5 are modularly rigidly connected to the snap-fit ​​member 19 through snap-fit ​​ring 211; then, using the universal pneumatic robotic arm 5 to lock the robotic arm adapter 29, fixing the spatial position of the first rack 21 to form a stable reaction base; subsequently, synchronously adjusting the retractor slider 23 and the first gear knob assembly 22. The longitudinal axis joint 24 drives the two baffles 26 to spread the soft tissue in opposite directions, and the first release button 28 can be used to immediately remove the baffles to prevent over-spreading; then the bone screw 37 is screwed into the vertebral body through the bone screw guide rod 31, and bidirectional equidistant spreading is achieved through the second gear knob kit 33, gear fixing block 34 and bone screw axis joint 36, and the second release button 35 and fixing hand-tightening nut 38 are used to complete the fine adjustment of the screw depth and quick unlocking; finally, loosen the lever adjustment knob 12 to pre-adjust the viewing angle, tighten the endoscope fixing screw 16 to lock the anterior cervical endoscope 4 into the endoscope limiting seat 15, and achieve "angle-position" double locking to ensure stable and clear images.

[0049] This invention achieves an integrated effect of stable vision, precise operation, and emergency safety control in anterior cervical minimally invasive surgery through modular assembly, robotic arm locking, precise adjustment of soft and hard tissue spreading components, and dual locking of the endoscope.

[0050] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working process of the method described above can be referred to the corresponding process in the aforementioned system embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0051] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and an explanation of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in this application is not limited to technical solutions formed by specific combinations of the above-described technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-described technical features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in this application.

[0052] It should be understood that the sequence number of each step in the invention and embodiments of the present invention does not absolutely imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A stabilization system for minimally invasive anterior cervical fusion surgery, characterized in that, include: Universal endoscope fixation arm (1), universal tissue retractor (2), universal vertebral body retractor (3), anterior cervical endoscope (4), and universal pneumatic robotic arm (5). The universal endoscope fixing arm (1) is used to limit the position of the anterior cervical endoscope (4) to ensure the stability of the anterior cervical endoscope (4) during the operation. The universal tissue retractor (2) is connected to the universal endoscope fixing arm (1), and the universal tissue retractor (2) is used to retract soft tissue; The universal vertebral body expander (3) is used to expand the bone tissue; The universal pneumatic robotic arm (5) is connected to the universal tissue expander (2), and the universal pneumatic robotic arm (5) is used to maintain the position of the universal tissue expander (2) by pneumatic control.

2. The stabilization system for anterior cervical minimally invasive fusion surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The universal endoscope fixing arm (1) includes: lever arm (11); Two ball joint sleeves (13) are connected to the lever arm (11), and the angle of each ball joint sleeve (13) can be adjusted by the lever arm adjustment knob (12); The first ball head sleeve (13) is provided with an endoscope fixing ball head screw (14), one end of the ball head sleeve base (17) is connected to the endoscope fixing ball head screw (14), and the other end is connected to the endoscope limiting seat (15). The anterior cervical endoscope (4) is connected to the endoscope limiting seat (15). The second ball head sleeve (13) is provided with a fixing ball head screw (18), and one end of the snap-fit ​​part (19) is connected to the fixing ball head screw (18), and the other end is connected to the snap-fit ​​ring (211) provided on the universal tissue expander (2).

3. The stabilization system for anterior cervical minimally invasive fusion surgery according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the ball head sleeve (13) is sleeved on the outer wall of the lever arm (11), and one end of the lever arm (11) is rotatably connected to the lever arm adjustment knob (12). The connection angle between the two ball head sleeves (13) and the lever arm (11) is fixed by rotating the lever arm adjustment knob (12). The first ball head sleeve (13) has a hollow interior at at least one end, and the endoscope fixing ball head screw (14) is disposed on the inner wall of the first ball head sleeve (13); the ball sleeve base (17) has a thread matching the endoscope fixing ball head screw (14) at one end and a fixing through hole at the other end; the fixing through hole is provided with an endoscope fixing screw (16), and one end of the anterior cervical endoscope (4) passes through the fixing through hole and is connected to the endoscope fixing screw (16); The second ball head sleeve (13) has a hollow interior at at least one end, and the fixing ball head screw (18) is fixed to the inner wall of the first ball head sleeve (13); one end of the snap-fit ​​member (19) is provided with a thread that matches the fixing ball head screw (18), and the other end is snapped into the inside of the snap-fit ​​ring (211); an assembly fixing screw (210) is provided through the outer wall of the snap-fit ​​ring (211).

4. The stabilization system for anterior cervical minimally invasive fusion surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The universal tissue expander (2) includes: a first rack (21); Two expander sliders (23) are slidably connected to the first rack (21), and each expander slider (23) is connected to a baffle (26) through a baffle arm (25); the two baffles (26) provide support force in opposite directions to expand the soft tissue; One end of the first rack (21) is connected to the universal pneumatic robotic arm (5) via a robotic arm adapter (29); The robotic arm adapter (29) is provided with a snap ring (211), which is used to snap with the snap member (19) provided on the universal endoscope fixing arm (1).

5. The stabilization system for anterior cervical minimally invasive fusion surgery according to claim 4, characterized in that: Two expander sliders (23) are connected to the first gear knob assembly (22) in opposite directions; the position of the expander sliders (23) on the first rack (21) is adjusted by the first gear knob assembly (22); The expander slider (23) is connected to the longitudinal axis joint (24) via the Z-axis knob (27), and the end of the longitudinal axis joint (24) opposite to the expander slider (23) is rotatably connected to the baffle lever arm (25).

6. The stabilization system for anterior cervical minimally invasive fusion surgery according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first gear knob assembly (22) is also provided with a first release button (28), which is used to release the position fixation between the first gear knob assembly (22) and the first rack (21).

7. The stabilization system for anterior cervical minimally invasive fusion surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The universal vertebral body expander (3) includes: a second rack (32); Two gear fixing blocks (34) are slidably connected on the second rack (32), and each gear fixing block (34) is connected to the bone screw (37) through the bone screw shaft joint (36); the two bone screws (37) provide support force in opposite directions to open up the bone tissue.

8. The stabilization system for anterior cervical minimally invasive fusion surgery according to claim 7, characterized in that: Two gear fixing blocks (34) are connected to the second gear knob assembly (33) in opposite directions; the position of the gear fixing blocks (34) on the second rack (32) is adjusted by the second gear knob assembly (33); The gear fixing block (34) is rotatably connected to the bone nail shaft joint (36). A bone nail guide rod (31) is provided at the end of the bone nail shaft joint (36) that is opposite to the gear fixing block (34). The bone nail (37) is located inside the bone nail guide rod (31) and extends out of the bone nail guide rod (31) at the bottom.

9. The stabilization system for anterior cervical minimally invasive fusion surgery according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second gear knob assembly (33) is also provided with a second release button (35); the second release button (35) is used to release the position fixation between the second gear knob assembly (33) and the second rack (32); The top of the bone screw guide rod (31) is provided with a fixed hand-tightening nut (38); the top of the bone screw (37) is threadedly connected to the fixed hand-tightening nut (38), and the length of the bottom of the bone screw (37) extending out of the bone screw guide rod (31) is adjusted by rotating the hand-tightening nut (38).

10. A method for applying a stabilization system for anterior cervical fusion surgery, employing any one of the stabilization systems described in 1-9, characterized in that, Application methods include: Assemble a stabilization system for minimally invasive anterior cervical fusion surgery; The first rack (21) is kept in a fixed spatial position by locking the mechanical arm adapter (29) with the universal pneumatic mechanical arm (5); Adjust the expander slider (23) and longitudinal axis joint (24) so ​​that the two baffles (26) open the soft tissue in opposite directions; Adjust the gear fixing block (34), bone nail shaft joint (36) and fixing hand-tightening nut (38) to make the two bone nails (37) open the bone tissue from opposite directions; The position of the anterior cervical endoscope (4) is fixed by the endoscope fixing screw (16) to ensure accurate and stable image acquisition.

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