Personalized spine orthopedic pillow based on ergonomics and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a personalized spine orthopedic pillow based on ergonomics and a using method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of medical auxiliary instruments. Based on the ergonomic design, the adaptation degree of the orthopedic pillow with the head and the neck and chest of the patient is improved; through a neck-chest combined biomechanical overall model, collaborative correction of cervical retrobow and scoliosis is achieved, and recovery of overall mechanical balance of the spine is promoted. The pressure value of the air bag in the orthopedic pillow can be quantitatively set according to the individual characteristics of the patient, the personalized correction requirements of different patients are met, and the comfort of the patient is improved. Through the combination of a cervical vertebra-thoracic vertebra biomechanical model, acting forces including supporting force acting on the cervical vertebra, coronal plane pressure acting on the thoracic vertebra scoliosis area and horizontal plane rotation removing force are applied to the cervical vertebra reverse arching area and the thoracic vertebra scoliosis area of a patient. Cooperative correction of cervical vertebra reverse arching and thoracic vertebra lateral bending is achieved, so that recovery of overall mechanical balance of the spine is facilitated, and the stability and the curative effect of spine malformation correction are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to an ergonomic personalized spinal orthopedic pillow and its use method, belonging to the technical field of medical auxiliary devices. BACKGROUND

[0002] As the core structure of the axial skeleton in the human body, the spine has the functions of supporting the body, protecting the spinal cord, maintaining posture balance and mediating multi-axis movement. The maintenance of its three-dimensional structure is crucial to the overall biomechanical stability. Any abnormality of the spinal shape can lead to biomechanical imbalance, triggering a series of compensatory reconstruction. Scoliosis is a disease characterized by three-dimensional deformity of the spine, with idiopathic scoliosis being the most common. It often occurs in the adolescent population aged 10-18 years. Its complex three-dimensional deformity is characterized by lateral deviation in the coronal plane, abnormal curvature in the sagittal plane, and axial rotation of the vertebral body.

[0003] Chinese patent with publication number CN119587239A discloses a dynamic correction brace for scoliosis. By setting two groups of auxiliary seats to cooperate with a single or multiple orthopedic seats, it can satisfy the multi-point support of different types of scoliosis, thereby achieving the purpose of thoracolumbar orthopedic. In addition, it also adopts an alternating design of movable plates to avoid local compression and improve its air permeability and comfort. However, the structure of this brace is complex, the cost is high, and it also needs to rely on external equipment, which severely limits the range of motion of the patient, and the control accuracy is poor. When an error occurs, it will lead to deviation of the correction force, which will aggravate the scoliosis. Chinese patent with publication number CN113331651A discloses a cervical orthopedic pillow. Through the installation of a plate and an adjusting groove structure, the pillow height and angle can be adjusted. Through the orthopedic blocking pillow structure, the head and neck are limited and supported, thereby playing the role of cervical orthopedic and posture guidance. Although the angle of the pillow core of this orthopedic pillow can be adjusted, it does not divide the pillow body, and the problem of head and brain compression is not considered. In addition, the structure of this orthopedic pillow is relatively complex, and it is limited by the material. Long-term use will cause deformation or a decrease in support.

[0004] The above-mentioned existing spinal orthopedic technology focuses on the local correction of the lesion segment, ignoring the overall synergistic characteristics of the spine as a continuous dynamic chain. The cervical and thoracic vertebrae show significant coupled motion relationship and load transmission continuity in mechanics. Thoracic scoliosis can affect the cervical curvature and stress distribution through the mechanical chain, triggering compensatory posture adjustment, while the reverse arch of the cervical vertebrae can aggravate the rotation and scoliosis imbalance of the thoracic vertebrae.

[0005] In addition, there are individual differences in patients in terms of body mass index, trunk rotation angle, etc., and the demand for orthopedic force has individual characteristics. The existing technology cannot effectively implement quantitative analysis of personalized orthopedic force, and cannot meet the correction needs of different patients.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device that can comprehensively consider the biomechanics of the neck and chest joint and the individualized orthopedic force requirements, which can simultaneously correct the cervical lordosis and thoracic scoliosis, and provide individualized orthopedic force according to the individual characteristics of the patient, thereby breaking through the bottleneck of the existing technology in terms of compensation mechanism adaptation and individualized correction. SUMMARY

[0007] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present application provides a personalized spinal orthopedic pillow based on ergonomics and a use method thereof; the overall shape of the orthopedic pillow is based on the anatomical shape characteristics of the human cervical and thoracic spine, achieving continuous support and protection of the cervical spine to the thoracic spine, promoting the recovery and maintenance of the physiological curvature of the spine; in addition, through the air bag auxiliary device, combined with image analysis, the rib hump area corresponding to the apex vertebra of the scoliosis is accurately positioned; combined with the individual characteristics of the patient, including body mass index (BMI), trunk rotation degree (ATR), Cobb angle (which refers to the angle formed by the vertical line of the two lines drawn on the upper edge of the most inclined upper end vertebra and the lower edge of the lower end vertebra on the scoliosis curve in the full-length anteroposterior X-ray film of the spine; used to evaluate the severity of scoliosis) and the compression condition of the rib hump area corresponding to the apex vertebra of the scoliosis when lying still; the air bag pressure is tested and determined by the pressure sensor, ensuring that the pressure matches the individual scoliosis characteristics of the patient, and thus achieving individualized correction.

[0008] The purpose of the present application is to provide a personalized spinal orthopedic pillow based on ergonomics, which can simultaneously correct the cervical lordosis and scoliosis; the orthopedic pillow comprises a pillow body, an underarm fixed pillow and an air bag; The pillow body of the orthopedic pillow has a two-layer structure in the vertical direction, including a support layer and a comfort layer, the support layer is arranged below to provide support for the whole pillow body, and the comfort layer is arranged above to ensure the comfort effect of the orthopedic pillow; The pillow body of the orthopedic pillow is divided into different regions along the length direction, including a head support area, a neck support area, a thoracic upper segment relief area and a thoracic middle and lower segment support area; The central region of the head support area adopts an "arc surface lifting" design, which fits the physiological curvature below the external protuberance, realizes flexible support and balanced force distribution of the occipital region, guides the skull base to produce a slight physiological posterior rotation adjustment, and reduces the longitudinal tension of the atlantooccipital joint and the suboccipital muscle group; The neck support area adopts a "wavy protrusion" design, which fits the physiological curvature of the cervical vertebrae (C1-C7), realizes balanced support and posture guidance of the neck, reduces the pressure of the vertebrae and intervertebral disc, and fully relieves muscle and nerve tension; A shallow guiding groove with a width of 2-4 cm is arranged on the midline of the head support area and the neck support area, which helps to further stabilize the position of the head and neck, limit asymmetric rotation and deviation, and ensure the balance of muscle groups on both sides; through the dual support structure of "lifting + guiding", the neutral alignment and posture guidance of the head and neck can be achieved in the recumbent state, enhancing the mechanical stability of the whole spine and providing a stable fulcrum for the functional correction of the cervical lordosis; The upper thoracic segment relaxation area adopts a "wedge-shaped slope" design, and the height of the upper thoracic segment relaxation area gradually decreases from the neck support area to the middle and lower thoracic segment support area; through the gradual height change, the stress is dispersed and the shear force is reduced, so as to optimize the mechanical distribution of the upper thoracic segment (T1-T4) and further improve the stability and support comfort; The middle and lower thoracic segment support area adopts a bionic arc fitting structure design, which effectively disperses the load and reduces the muscle stress according to the physiological kyphotic curve of the middle and lower thoracic segment (T5-T12) and the shape characteristics of the human thoracic cavity, while maintaining the function of the thoracic cavity and enhancing the central axis stability and posture control ability; The underarm fixed pillow is in the shape of a "streamlined triangular prism", and the side close to the body adopts an "inwardly recessed curved surface" design to fit and wrap the back of the chest, and the side fitted with the middle and lower thoracic segment support area is provided with a fixing component; The air bag device is an inflatable air bag, and one side of the air bag device is provided with a fixing component; Further, the surface of the middle and lower thoracic segment support area is provided with a fixing component; Further, the underarm fixed pillow is fixed on the middle and lower thoracic segment support area by a magic tape, and can be flexibly adjusted according to the width of the thoracic cavity of the patient to effectively limit the excessive movement of the body and maintain the stability of the body; Further, the air bag device can be fixed on the middle and lower thoracic segment support area by the fixing component, and the size of the gas pressure in the air bag device can be adjusted according to the actual situation; Further, the fixing component is a magic tape or a buckle.

[0009] Further, the raw material of the support layer and the comfort layer is polyurethane foam, which has pressure absorption and conduction functions. Through the multidirectional stress gradient distribution, the load of the head and neck and chest is progressively transmitted to the support layer, realizing pressure dispersion and thereby relieving the risk of soft tissue compression. The material has hysteresis characteristics and can slowly adjust according to the weight and shape of the human head and neck and chest, forming a support surface closely fitted with the physiological curvature of the human body, so that each part is evenly supported, the local pressure is reduced, and the use comfort is improved.

[0010] The density of the polyurethane foam required for the support layer is in the range of 50-55 kg / m³, and the Shore F hardness is in the range of 50-52, providing stable support for the head and neck and chest. The density of the polyurethane foam required for the comfort layer ranges between 35-40 kg / m3, the Shore F hardness ranges between 3-5, and the air permeability is 4.89 L / min; Further, the air bag can be flexibly adjusted in position by the fixing component and accurately positioned at the costal carina region corresponding to the apex vertebra of the scoliosis to implement targeted orthopedic intervention.

[0011] Another object of the present application is to provide a method for using the ergonomic personalized spinal orthopedic pillow, which determines the air bag personalized orthopedic force threshold based on the three-dimensional morphological parameters and biomechanical evaluation data of the patient's spine. By inflation, the air bag forms a continuous external force conduction in the axial direction of the costal arch, generates a three-dimensional orthopedic force, and further realizes the multidirectional adjustment of the thoracic structure. The orthopedic force mechanism includes a coronal plane correction mechanism and a horizontal plane de-rotation mechanism. In the coronal plane correction mechanism, the inflation of the air bag generates a directional pressure vector along the surface of the air bag, drives the costal arch of the thorax to rotate counterclockwise, and transmits the correction torque to the apex vertebra of the scoliosis through the linkage effect of the costovertebral joint, finally realizing the displacement of the vertebral body to the sagittal plane midline. In the horizontal plane de-rotation mechanism, the curved surface structure of the air bag dynamically fits the anatomical morphology of the costal arch, ensuring continuous and effective force transmission, reducing the rotation of the spine in the horizontal plane by utilizing the linkage effect of the costovertebral joint, and further realizing the de-rotation correction effect.

[0012] Further, the method realizes the personalized adaptation of the orthopedic force by establishing the mapping relationship between the internal pressure parameters of the air bag and the body type characteristics and biomechanics of the patient; Further, through mild scoliosis biomechanical finite element simulation analysis, it is concluded that the orthopedic force between 40~50N can meet the needs of spinal orthopedic effect, considering the comfort and safety of the patient's spinal orthopedic, the size of the orthopedic force is set to F=45N or so, which is more appropriate. This theoretical value is directly acting on the spine, and the influence of human muscles and soft tissues needs to be considered for actual use, therefore, according to other medical research, the orthopedic force will be reduced by about 22% under the influence of soft tissues, so under ideal conditions, the actual orthopedic force acting on the patient's body surface should be about 55N.

[0013] Further, by determining the theoretical pressure size of the pressure sensor under the condition that the pressure at two places is equal, the rationality of the force of the air bag is verified; the force area S0 of the air bag provided by the present application is about 60cm 2 , the pressure sensing diameter of the pressure sensor is 2.5cm, the area S1 is about 4.91cm 2 , the pressure of the air bag (i.e. the orthopedic force of the air bag acting on the body surface) is F0, the pressure of the pressure sensor (i.e. the force of the air bag acting on the pressure sensor) is F1, according to the pressure formula When the pressure at two places is equal, the ratio of the force is equal to the ratio of the force area, that is Therefore, F1 should be around 4.5N; The method includes: First, collect individual patient characteristic data and stress test data; Individual characteristic data include BMI, ATR, and Cobb angle; The testing process for stress test data is as follows: First, the location of the scoliosis is determined based on the subject's X-ray, and pressure sensors are placed at the corresponding rib prominences on the body surface to test the pressure value at that point in real time. Then, have the subject lie flat on the orthopedic pillow, and after the pressure sensor reading stabilizes, record the pressure data F2 displayed by the pressure sensor. By inflating the airbag device to provide orthopedic force to the subject, when the pressure sensor value increases by 4.5N from its original stable value, the pressure sensor data at this time is recorded, which is the pressure value F3 inside the airbag. Based on the collected individual characteristic data of the subjects, the values ​​of the pressure sensors, and the pressure value inside the airbag, the formula coefficient for the pressure value inside the airbag is derived, and its expression is:

[0014] in, This represents the dependent variable (BMI, ATR, Cobb, F2) when all independent variables (BMI, ATR, Cobb, F2) are 0. The predicted value of ) This means that, with other independent variables kept constant, for every 1 unit increase in BMI, The amount of change; This means that, with other independent variables kept constant, for every unit increase in ATR, The amount of change; This means that, with other independent variables kept constant, for every 1 unit increase in Cobb's expression, The amount of change; This means that when other independent variables are kept constant, For every additional unit, The amount of change that increases.

[0015] Based on this formula, the pressure of the specific airbag device can be matched according to the patient's actual situation, thereby improving the corrective effect and stability of the personalized spinal orthopedic pillow and meeting the needs of individual use.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: The present application provides a kind of based on ergonomics personalized spinal orthopedic pillow and its use method, and the orthopedic pillow based on ergonomics can improve the fitting degree of orthopedic pillow with patient's head and neck chest, to achieve better use experience. Meanwhile, the orthopedic pillow can realize the collaborative correction of cervical lordosis and scoliosis through the biomechanical overall model of neck and chest joint, to promote the recovery of overall mechanical balance of spine. In addition, the orthopedic pillow quantitatively sets the air bag pressure value in the orthopedic pillow according to patient's body mass index (BMI) and trunk rotation angle (ATR), to meet the individual correction needs of different patients and improve patient comfort. The present application applies force to the areas of cervical lordosis and thoracic scoliosis of the patient through the biomechanical model of cervical vertebra-thoracic vertebra, including support force acting on cervical vertebra, coronal plane pressure acting on thoracic scoliosis area and horizontal plane de-rotation force. The model can realize the collaborative correction of cervical lordosis and thoracic scoliosis, thereby helping to restore the overall mechanical balance of spine and improving the stability and efficacy of spinal deformity correction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0018] Figure 1 A structure schematic diagram of a personalized spinal orthopedic pillow based on ergonomics provided by the present application is shown in the figure. Figure 2 A side structure schematic diagram of a personalized spinal orthopedic pillow based on ergonomics provided by the present application is shown in the figure. Figure 3 A structure and cross-sectional schematic diagram of an underarm fixed pillow in a personalized spinal orthopedic pillow based on ergonomics provided by the present application are shown in the figure. Figure 4 A structure schematic diagram of the front and back of an air bag in a personalized spinal orthopedic pillow based on ergonomics provided by the present application is shown in the figure. Figure 5 A positioning schematic diagram of air bag action point in a personalized spinal orthopedic pillow based on ergonomics provided by the present application is shown in the figure. Figure 6 A position schematic diagram of underarm fixed pillow and air bag setting in a personalized spinal orthopedic pillow based on ergonomics provided by the present application is shown in the figure. Figure 7 An action force schematic diagram of air bag in a personalized spinal orthopedic pillow based on ergonomics provided by the present application is shown in the figure. In the figure: Pillow body 1, support layer 11, comfort layer 12, magic tape wool surface 13, head support area 14, neck support area 15, upper thoracic spine relaxation area 16, middle and lower thoracic spine support area 17, underarm fixed pillow 18, shallow concave guide groove 19, underarm fixed pillow concave curved surface 181, underarm fixed pillow magic tape hook surface 182, air bag 2, including air bag mouth 21, air bag magic tape hook surface 22, air bag action point 212. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application clearer, the embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0020] Example one The present embodiment provides an ergonomic personalized spinal orthopedic pillow, as shown in Figure 1 , which includes a pillow body 1, an air bag 2 and an underarm fixed pillow 18. The pillow body 1 has a two-layer structure in the vertical direction, including a support layer 11 and a comfort layer 12. The support layer 11 is arranged at the lower part to provide support for the entire pillow body 1, and the comfort layer 12 is arranged at the upper part to ensure the comfort effect of the orthopedic pillow. The pillow body 1 of the orthopedic pillow is divided into different areas along the length direction, as shown in Figure 2 , including a head support area 14, a neck support area 15, an upper thoracic spine relaxation area 16 and a middle and lower thoracic spine support area 17. The central area of the head support area 14 adopts an "arc surface lifting" design, which fits the physiological curvature below the external protuberance of the pillow, realizes flexible support and balanced force distribution of the occipital region, guides the skull base to produce a slight physiological rear rotation adjustment, and reduces the longitudinal tension of the atlantooccipital joint and the suboccipital muscle group. The neck support area 15 adopts a "wavy protrusion" design, which fits the physiological curvature of the cervical vertebrae (C1-C7), realizes balanced support and posture guidance of the neck, reduces the pressure of the vertebrae and intervertebral disc, and fully relieves muscle and nerve tension. A shallow concave guide groove 19 with a width of 2-4 cm is arranged on the midline of the head support area 14 and the neck support area 15, which helps to further stabilize the head and neck position, limit asymmetric rotation and deviation, and ensure balanced force distribution of the bilateral muscle groups. Through the "lifting + guiding" double support structure, the head and neck can be aligned and posture guided in the neutral position in the lying state, which enhances the mechanical stability of the whole spine and provides a stable fulcrum for functional correction of the cervical vertebrae. The upper thoracic spine relaxation area 16 adopts a "wedge-shaped slope" design, and the height of the upper thoracic spine relaxation area 16 gradually decreases from the neck support area 15 to the middle and lower thoracic spine support area 17. By gradually changing the height to disperse stress and reduce shear force, the mechanical distribution of the upper thoracic spine (T1-T4) is optimized, thereby improving stability and support comfort. The thoracic middle and lower segment support area 17 adopts a bionic arc fitting structure design, according to the physiological kyphotic curve of the thoracic middle and lower segments (T5-T12) and the morphological characteristics of the human thoracic cavity, effectively dispersing the load and reducing muscle stress, while maintaining the function of the thoracic cavity, enhancing the axial stability and posture control ability, and the surface is provided with a magic tape hair 13; The structure of the underarm fixing pillow 18 is shown in Figure 3 The structure of the underarm fixing pillow 18 is shown in The structure of the air bag 2 is shown in Figure 4 The structure of the air bag 2 is shown in The support layer 11 and the comfort layer 12 adopt polyurethane foam as the raw material, which has pressure absorption and conduction functions. Through multidirectional stress gradient distribution, the load of the head and neck chest is transmitted to the support layer 11, realizing pressure dispersion and relieving the risk of soft tissue compression. The material has hysteresis characteristics and can slowly adjust according to the weight and shape of the human head and neck chest, forming a support surface that closely fits the physiological curvature of the human body, providing uniform support to each part, reducing local pressure, and improving comfort.

[0021] The density of the polyurethane foam required by the support layer 11 is between 50-55 kg / m³, and the Shore F hardness is between 50-52, providing stable support for the head and neck chest; The density of the polyurethane foam required by the comfort layer 12 is between 35-40 kg / m³, and the Shore F hardness is between 3-5, and the air permeability is 4.89 L / min; The air bag 2 can be flexibly adjusted in position through the magic tape structure and accurately positioned at the rib hump area corresponding to the top vertebra of the scoliosis, to implement targeted orthopedic intervention.

[0022] Example Two The embodiment provides a use method of an ergonomic personalized spinal orthopedic pillow, which determines a personalized orthopedic force threshold of an air bag 2 based on three-dimensional morphological parameters and biomechanical evaluation data of a patient's spine. Through inflation, the air bag 2 forms a continuous external force conduction in the axial direction of the costal arch, generates a three-dimensional orthopedic force, and further realizes multidirectional adjustment of the thoracic structure. The orthopedic force mechanism includes a coronal plane correction mechanism and a horizontal plane rotation elimination mechanism. In the coronal plane correction mechanism, the air bag 2 inflation generates a directional pressure vector vertically upward along the surface of the air bag 2, drives the costal arch of the thoracic structure to rotate counterclockwise, and transmits the correction torque to the apex vertebra of the scoliosis through the linkage effect of the costovertebral joint, so as to finally realize the displacement of the vertebral body to the sagittal plane. In the horizontal plane rotation elimination mechanism, the curved surface structure of the air bag 2 dynamically fits the anatomical morphology of the costal arch, ensures continuous and effective force transmission, reduces the rotation of the spine in the horizontal plane by using the linkage effect of the costovertebral joint, and further realizes the rotation elimination correction effect.

[0023] The method realizes personalized adaptation of the orthopedic force by establishing a mapping relationship between the internal pressure parameter of the air bag 2 and the body type characteristics and biomechanics of the patient; Through biomechanical finite element simulation analysis of mild scoliosis, it is found that the orthopedic force between 40N and 50N can meet the needs of spinal orthopedic effect. Considering the comfort and safety of the patient's spinal orthopedic, the size of the orthopedic force is set to about F=45N, which is more appropriate. The theoretical value is directly acting on the spine. For the actual use, the influence of human muscles and soft tissues should be considered. Therefore, according to other medical research, the orthopedic force will be reduced by about 22% under the influence of soft tissues. Therefore, under ideal conditions, the actual orthopedic force acting on the patient's body surface should be about 55N.

[0024] By determining the theoretical pressure size of the pressure sensor under the condition that the pressure at two places is equal, the rationality of the force of the air bag 2 is verified. The force area S0 of the air bag 2 provided by the application is about 60cm 2 , the pressure sensing diameter of the pressure sensor is 2.5cm, the area S1 is about 4.91cm 2 , the pressure of the air bag 2 (i.e. the orthopedic force of the air bag 2 acting on the body surface) is F0, the pressure of the pressure sensor (i.e. the force of the air bag 2 acting on the pressure sensor) is F1, and according to the pressure formula When the pressure at two places is equal, the ratio of the force is equal to the ratio of the force area, that is, F1 should be about 4.5N; The method comprises the following steps: First, collect the individual characteristic data and pressure test data of the patient; wherein the individual characteristic data includes BMI, ATR and Cobb angle; The test process of the pressure test data is as follows: First, determine the position of the scoliosis according to the X-ray of the subject, such asFigure 5 The pressure sensor is arranged at the rib prominence of the corresponding body surface to test the pressure value at the point in real time. Then, the underarm fixing pillow 18 and the air bag 2 are fixed to the pillow body 1 according to the determined position, as shown in the figure. Figure 6 The subject lies on the orthopedic pillow, and the pressure sensor value is stable. The pressure data F2 displayed by the pressure sensor is recorded. The air bag 2 is inflated to provide orthopedic force for the subject, as shown in the figure. Figure 7 When the pressure sensor value increases by 4.5 N on the basis of the original stable value, the pressure sensor data at this time, i.e. the pressure value F3 in the air bag 2, is recorded. The individual characteristic data and pressure test data of the patient are shown in Table 1. Table 1 Individual characteristic data and pressure test data of the patient

[0025] Then, according to the individual characteristic data of the subject collected in Table 1, the value of the pressure sensor, and the pressure value in the air bag 2, based on the least square estimation method, under the premise of assuming that there is a linear relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable, by minimizing the sum of squares of residuals between the predicted value and the observed value, the formula of the pressure value in the air bag 2 is derived, which is expressed as:

[0026] Wherein, = 30.595, representing the predicted value of the dependent variable (F3) when all independent variables (BMI, ATR, Cobb, F2) are 0; = 2.464, representing the change amount of the dependent variable (F3) when the independent variable (BMI) increases by 1 unit while controlling other independent variables unchanged; = 1.157, representing the change amount of the dependent variable (F3) when the independent variable (ATR) increases by 1 unit while controlling other independent variables unchanged; = -0.483, representing the change amount of the dependent variable (F3) when the independent variable (Cobb) increases by 1 unit while controlling other independent variables unchanged; = 5.59, representing the change amount of the dependent variable (F3) when the independent variable (F2) increases by 1 unit while controlling other independent variables unchanged. The determination coefficient R² in the formula is 0.817, which describes the explanatory degree of the independent variables (BMI, ATR, Cobb, F2) to the overall variation of the dependent variable (F3), i.e. the fitting degree of the model.

[0027] The determination coefficient R² in the formula is 0.817, which describes the explanatory degree of the independent variables (BMI, ATR, Cobb, F2) to the overall variation of the dependent variable (F3), i.e. the fitting degree of the model. ​​​​​​The influence of the complexity of the model (the number of variables) on the determination coefficient R2 is corrected by adjusting the determination coefficient R2, and the adjusted R2 2 Reflects the actual explanation ratio of the independent variable to the dependent variable after controlling the complexity of the model; and the actual effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable is calculated The effect strength of the independent variable on the dependent variable, i.e., the ratio of the explained variance to the unexplained variance, is used to measure the independent explanation strength of the independent variable (BMI, ATR, Cobb, F2) on the dependent variable (F3) in the model, and reflects the relative influence strength of the independent variable in the equation; wherein The expression is:

[0028] The actual effect size of the independent variable (BMI, ATR, Cobb, F2) on the dependent variable (F3) in the model is calculated The final adjusted formula is:

[0029] In order to verify the correctness of the formula, the error between the calculated air bag 2 internal pressure value F3` according to the formula and the actually measured air bag 2 internal pressure value F3 is calculated, and the data of new subjects is collected for calculation verification; Wherein, the actual measurement F3 and the actual calculation F3` and the error are shown in Table 2: Table 2 Actual measurement F3 and actual calculation F3` and error table

[0030] According to the data in Table 2, the allowable error range of the orthopedic pillow is-4.95~3.89; The data of new subjects is collected, the error is calculated by the formula, and the actual measurement value is calculated, and the results are shown in Table 3: Table 3 Data of new subjects

[0031] As shown in Table 3, the error between the value calculated according to the data of new subjects and the actual measurement falls within the allowable error range of the orthopedic pillow provided by the application, which proves that the orthopedic pillow provided by the application can have good orthopedic effect.

[0032] Some steps in the embodiments of the application can be realized by software, and the corresponding software program can be stored in a readable storage medium, such as a CD or a hard disk.

[0033] ​​The above merely describes preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not used to limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A personalized spinal orthopedic pillow based on ergonomics, characterized in that, The orthopedic pillow includes a pillow body (1), an underarm fixation pillow (18), and an airbag (2), wherein the underarm fixation pillow (18) and the airbag (2) are separately disposed from the pillow body (1); The underarm fixation pillow (18) and airbag (2) are set at different positions on the pillow body (1) according to the patient's actual situation. The airbag (2) is set with corresponding pressure according to the patient's individual characteristics to provide personalized orthopedic force for correction.

2. The orthopedic pillow according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pillow body (1) has a two-layer structure in the vertical direction, including a support layer (11) and a comfort layer (12). The support layer (11) is located at the bottom to provide support for the entire pillow body (1), and the comfort layer (12) is located above the support layer (11). The pillow (1) is divided into different regions along its length, including the head support area (14), the neck support area (15), the upper thoracic spine relaxation area (16), and the middle and lower thoracic spine support area (17). The central area of ​​the head support area (14) adopts an arc-shaped support design, which conforms to the physiological curvature below the external occipital protuberance to support the occipital bone area and guide the skull base to generate posterior rotation adjustment. The neck support area (15) adopts a wave-shaped protrusion design to fit the physiological curvature of the C1-C7 cervical vertebrae in order to support the neck and guide posture. The upper thoracic vertebrae relaxation area (16) adopts a wedge-shaped slope design. From the cervical support area (15) to the middle and lower thoracic vertebrae support area (17), the height of the upper thoracic vertebrae relaxation area (16) shows a gradient decreasing trend in the T1-T4 direction. The middle and lower thoracic vertebra support area (17) adopts a biomimetic arc fit structure design based on the physiological kyphotic curve of the middle and lower thoracic vertebrae from T5 to T12, and is equipped with fixed components on the surface.

3. The orthopedic pillow according to claim 2, characterized in that, The midline of the head support area (14) and the neck support area (15) is provided with a shallow concave guide groove (19) with a width of 2-4cm to limit asymmetrical rotation and bias, and ensure the force balance of the muscle groups on both sides; through the double support structure of lifting and guiding, the neutral alignment and posture guidance of the head and neck in the resting state are achieved, providing a fulcrum for the correction of cervical lordosis.

4. The orthopedic pillow according to claim 3, characterized in that, The underarm fixation pillow (18) is a streamlined triangular prism shape, with the side that is close to the body being the concave curved surface (181) of the underarm fixation pillow. The concave curved surface is designed to fit and wrap around the chest and back. The side of the underarm fixation pillow (18) that is in contact with the middle and lower thoracic vertebra support area (17) is provided with a fixation component. The airbag (2) is an inflatable airbag with an airbag nozzle (21), and a fixing component is provided on one side of it; The fixing component is Velcro or a clip.

5. The orthopedic pillow according to claim 4, characterized in that, The axillary fixation pillow (18) and airbag (2) are set on the middle and lower thoracic vertebral support area (17) according to the patient's actual situation. The fixed position of the axillary fixation pillow (18) is adjusted according to the patient's chest width. The pressure required inside the airbag (2) is determined based on the patient's body mass index, trunk rotation, Cobb angle and the pressure on the rib protuberance area corresponding to the apex vertebra of the scoliosis when the patient is lying still.

6. The orthopedic pillow according to claim 5, characterized in that, The support layer (11) and comfort layer (12) are made of polyurethane foam. The required polyurethane foam density for the support layer (11) is between 50-55 kg / m³ and the Shore F hardness is between 50-52. The polyurethane foam required for the comfort layer (12) has a density range of 35-40 kg / m³, a Shore F hardness of 3-5, and an air permeability of 4.89 L / min.

7. A method of using an ergonomically based personalized spinal orthopedic pillow, characterized in that, The method of use is based on the orthopedic pillow described in any one of claims 1-6; The method of use is based on the patient's three-dimensional morphological parameters of the spine and biomechanical assessment data to determine the personalized orthopedic force mechanism; by inflating the airbag (2) to form a continuous external force transmission in the rib arch axis, a three-dimensional orthopedic force is generated, thereby realizing the multi-directional adjustment of the thoracic structure; The orthopedic force mechanism includes a coronal plane correction mechanism and a horizontal plane derotation mechanism. The coronal plane correction mechanism is a directional pressure vector that is vertically upward along the surface of the airbag (2), which drives the thoracic costal arch to rotate counterclockwise, and transmits the correction torque to the lateral vertebra through the linkage effect of the costal joint, ultimately achieving the displacement of the vertebral body towards the midline of the sagittal plane. The horizontal derotation mechanism is to achieve force transmission by dynamically fitting the curved structure of the airbag (2) with the anatomical shape of the rib arch, and to achieve the derotation correction effect by utilizing the linkage of the rib joints.

8. The method of use according to claim 7, characterized in that, The method of use includes: Step S1: Collect individual characteristic data and stress test data of the patient; Step S2: Based on the patient data collected in step S1, derive the formula for calculating the pressure value inside the airbag (2); Step S3: Collect new patient data to verify the calculation formula obtained in step S2; Step S4: Calculate the individualized orthopedic force required for different patients using the validated calculation formula from Step S3.

9. The method of use according to claim 8, characterized in that, The individual characteristic data in step S1 includes BMI, ATR, and Cobb angle; The testing process for the pressure test data is as follows: First, the location of the scoliosis is determined according to the X-ray of the subject, and a pressure sensor is set at the corresponding rib protrusion to test the pressure value at that point in real time; then the subject lies flat on the orthopedic pillow, and when the pressure sensor value is stable, the pressure data F2 displayed by the pressure sensor is recorded; by inflating the airbag (2), orthopedic force is provided to the subject, and when the pressure sensor value increases by 4.5N on the basis of the original stability, the pressure sensor data at this time is recorded, that is, the pressure value F3 inside the airbag (2); The BMI, ATR, Cobb angle and pressure data F2 are independent variables, and the pressure value F3 inside the airbag (2) is the dependent variable.

10. The method of use according to claim 9, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the pressure value F3 inside the airbag (2) in step S2 is: in, =30.595, representing the predicted value of the dependent variable when all independent variables are 0; =2.464, meaning that when other independent variables are kept constant, for every 1 unit increase in BMI, The amount of change; =1.157, meaning that when other independent variables remain constant, for every 1 unit increase in ATR, The amount of change; =-0.483, which means that when other independent variables are kept constant, for every 1 unit increase in Cobb's value, The amount of change; =5.59, which means that when other independent variables are kept constant, For every additional unit, The amount of change; Will , , , and The formula for calculating the pressure value F3 inside the airbag (2) is as follows: Based on the calculation formula, the pressure of the specific airbag (2) can be matched according to the actual situation of the patient to meet the personalized needs of different patients.

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