Integrated blood transfusion device

Abstract

The invention discloses an integrated blood transfusion apparatus, and belongs to the technical field of medical treatment. An integrated blood transfusion device comprises a pair of puncture outfits, a filter is arranged between the two puncture outfits, an injection needle connected through a second transmission tube is arranged at the lower end of the filter, and a flow speed regulator with a roller is arranged outside the second transmission tube. The problems that in the transfusion process of an existing blood transfusion and transfusion integrated device, the heart rate of a patient cannot be continuously detected in the transfusion process, medical workers cannot be called under the condition that the heart rate is abnormal, and the workload of the medical workers is increased are solved. The rolling wheel longitudinally slides along the movable rail so that the flowing speed of the liquid in the second conveying pipe can be actively adjusted, the speed adjustment is conducted after the fingertip oximeter detects that the heart rate of the patient continuously rises, and meanwhile a buzzer reminds medical staff.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical technology, specifically to an integrated blood transfusion device. Background Technology

[0002] An integrated transfusion set is a device used in medical treatment. In the process of medical treatment, blood transfusion and intravenous infusion are common treatment methods. Both are achieved by injecting the substances needed by the human body into the body through intravenous injection. Usually, blood transfusion uses disposable transfusion sets and intravenous infusion uses disposable infusion sets. However, the integrated transfusion set combines the functions of blood transfusion and intravenous infusion into one, avoiding the cumbersome use of two different devices, bringing convenience to medical operations and improving treatment efficiency.

[0003] Chinese patent CN219462121U discloses a blood transfusion and infusion device, which includes a puncture device, an injection needle, a transfusion tube, a blood transfusion locking device, an infusion tube, and an infusion locking device. In this application, the puncture device is inserted into a blood bag or a medicine bag, so that the injection needle only needs to be inserted into the human vein once to complete the entire blood transfusion process, reducing the number of needle pricks and reducing the workload of medical staff.

[0004] During the infusion process, different patients have different tolerances to the infusion rate. An excessively fast infusion rate may lead to circulatory overload, one of the typical early signs of which is an increased heart rate. The aforementioned patented blood transfusion and infusion device cannot continuously monitor the patient's heart rate during the infusion process or call for medical staff in case of abnormal heart rate. In order to ensure the safety of the infusion, medical staff need to check the infusion status of each patient regularly, which increases the workload of medical staff. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated blood transfusion device. The retraction of the telescopic rod can pull the roller, and the roller can actively adjust the flow rate of the liquid inside the second transmission tube by sliding longitudinally along the movable rail. This adjustment is made after the fingertip pulse oximeter detects a continuous increase in the patient's heart rate. At the same time, a buzzer reminds medical staff. During the time it takes for medical staff to arrive, the infusion rate is reduced first, and the most conservative and harmless intervention is taken to improve the safety window, thus solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an integrated blood transfusion set, comprising a pair of puncture devices, a filter disposed between the two puncture devices, an injection needle connected to the lower end of the filter via a second transmission tube, a flow rate regulator with rollers disposed outside the second transmission tube, movable rails disposed at both ends of the rollers, a first connecting frame disposed at the upper end of one side of the flow rate regulator, a connecting block disposed outside the movable rails and rotatably connected to the rollers via a second connecting shaft, a telescopic rod disposed perpendicularly between the connecting block and the first connecting frame, and a main tray disposed at the lower end of one side of the filter. The extension and retraction of the telescopic rod can push and allow the rollers to slide longitudinally along the movable rails. The longitudinal sliding of the rollers can squeeze the second transmission tube and adjust the fluid flow rate within the second transmission tube, and can actively reduce the infusion rate after the heart rate increases.

[0007] Preferably, a first mounting groove is provided in the middle recess at the upper end of the main tray. A fingertip pulse oximeter and a main unit are respectively provided at the front and rear ends of the first mounting groove. A buzzer is provided on the side of the main unit. The reserved first mounting groove can facilitate the first support frame to be rotated and retracted. The fingertip pulse oximeter can detect heart rate from the finger.

[0008] Preferably, the lower end of the main tray is provided with a second support frame rotatably connected by a first connecting shaft, and the side of the second support frame is provided with longitudinally arranged wiring frames facing alternately, wherein an ultrasonic flow sensor is provided between two adjacent wiring frames.

[0009] Preferably, the telescopic rod is provided with connecting bases at both the upper and lower ends, and the connecting block and the first connecting frame are connected to the connecting base slots. The connecting bases facilitate connection with the first connecting frame and the connecting block, thus facilitating the connection of the telescopic rod.

[0010] Preferably, the front end of the flow rate regulator is provided with a pair of connecting rods, the outer wall of the main tray is provided with a second connecting frame, the outside of the second connecting frame is provided with a first support frame, the first support frame is rotatably connected to the second connecting frame, the first support frame is connected to the connecting rod slot, and the reserved connecting rod can be easily connected to the first support frame to facilitate the support of the flow rate regulator through the first support frame.

[0011] Preferably, nuts are provided on the outside of the connecting rod and on the side of the first support frame. After the nuts in the two positions are rotated, the first support frame supports the flow rate regulator and the telescopic rod. The rotation of the nuts fixes the flow rate regulator and also fixes the first support frame after the angle is adjusted.

[0012] Preferably, the lower end of the main tray is provided with a second mounting groove, and both sides of the second mounting groove are provided with a fourth connecting frame. The lower ends of the two fourth connecting frames are provided with a third connecting frame. The upper end of the third connecting frame is provided with a first magnet, and the first magnet is magnetically connected to the fourth connecting frame. The magnetic connection facilitates connection with the third connecting frame, and facilitates the third connecting frame to wrap around the first connecting frame and fix it in the second mounting groove.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes an infusion system, which is built into the host. The host has a display screen at the front end. The infusion system consists of a timing module, a drive module, a recording module, a start module, and a display module. The timing module is used to start timing after the patient's heart rate data is continuously higher than a set value. The drive module is used to receive trigger signals from the timing module and drive the telescopic rod to retract after the timing module receives a heart rate data stream higher than the set value for an extended period of time. The recording module is used to continuously record and store data from all sensors; The activation module is used to activate the buzzer after the timing module receives patient heart rate data that is consistently higher than a set value for an extended period of time, and to control the buzzer to emit a specific sound pattern. The display module is used to display the heart rate detected by the fingertip pulse oximeter, the set flow rate, and the actual flow rate detected by the ultrasonic flow sensor on the display screen.

[0014] Preferably, the integrated blood transfusion set also includes: At least one contact sensor is disposed on the upper surface of the main tray for detecting contact features of the patient's hand or arm placed thereon during infusion, and thereby generating one or more raw time-series signals. The host is further configured to perform the following steps: (a) Acquire the raw time series signal from the at least one contact sensor; (b) Apply a time-frequency analysis algorithm to the original time series signal to generate one or more time-frequency energy spectra, the time-frequency energy spectra representing the distribution of the energy of the original time series signal in the time and frequency dimensions; (c) During the historical baseline establishment phase of the system, a baseline energy scalar is calculated and stored based on the time-frequency energy spectrum. In the recording module, the baseline energy scalar The average energy corresponding to a predefined target frequency band (e.g., 1 Hz to 5 Hz) within a historically stable period; (d) During the real-time monitoring phase of the system, the current weighted energy within the target frequency band is calculated in real time. ; (e) By calculating the current weighted energy With the baseline energy scalar The ratio is used to generate a dimensionless patient status index. The calculation is expressed by the following formula: in: The dimensionless patient status index; The current weighted energy; The baseline energy scalar; In time The time-frequency energy spectrum at frequency Energy density at that location; The average energy spectral density calculated during the historical baseline establishment phase; and These are the lower and upper frequency limits of the target frequency band, respectively. It is a frequency weighting function whose value within the target frequency band (e.g., 1) is higher than its value outside the target frequency band (e.g., 0). For integration variables; (f) The dimensionless patient status index generated in real time Compare with one or more preset state thresholds; (g) When the patient status index When the preset state threshold is exceeded, the system predicts that the patient is in an unstable state (e.g., agitation or hyperactivity) and triggers the activation module to start a buzzer or a dedicated safety intervention to ensure patient safety.

[0015] Preferably, the host is further configured to execute a multimodal alarm arbitration module, which operates by performing the following steps: The ultrasonic flow sensor (i.e., the first sensor) receives a first signal and classifies it into a first parameter state that includes at least a normal state of the first parameter (e.g., normal flow) and an abnormal state of the first parameter (e.g., zero flow or low flow). The patient state determined in step (f) is acquired and used as a second signal, the patient state including at least a second parameter stable state (e.g., the...). (not exceeding the preset state threshold) and the second parameter unstable state (e.g., the (The preset state threshold has been exceeded). A specific alarm is selected and output from a predefined alarm library containing at least three or more different alarm types; the selection is determined based on logical arbitration of a specific combination of the first parameter state and the patient state. The host computer controls the buzzer and / or the display screen to output the specific alarm; The logical arbitration includes at least the following rules: (i) When a first specific combination of the abnormal state of the first parameter and the unstable state of the second parameter is detected, a first type of alarm (e.g., a high-priority alarm indicating patient intervention) is output. (ii) When a second specific combination of the abnormal state of the first parameter and the stable state of the second parameter is detected, a second type of alarm (e.g., a medium-priority alarm indicating a technical failure) is output, which is significantly different from the first type of alarm in terms of the sound pattern emitted by the buzzer or the information displayed on the display screen; (iii) When a third specific combination of the normal state of the first parameter and the unstable state of the second parameter is detected, a third type of alarm (e.g., a low-priority, preventative notification indicating patient status observation) is output, which is different from the triggering described in step (g).

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The flow rate regulator of this invention has an additional telescopic rod slidably mounted on its side. The retraction of the telescopic rod can pull the roller, and the roller slides longitudinally along the movable rail to actively adjust the flow rate of the liquid inside the second transmission tube. This adjustment is made after the fingertip pulse oximeter detects a continuous increase in the patient's heart rate. The entire device does not rely entirely on the fingertip pulse oximeter to judge and adjust the infusion rate. Instead, after the telescopic rod retracts, a buzzer simultaneously alerts medical staff. During the time it takes for medical staff to arrive, the infusion rate is reduced first, taking the most conservative and harmless intervention to improve the safety window. Subsequently, according to the medical staff's treatment plan, the position of the roller is manually adjusted by the medical staff. By detecting the heart rate and correspondingly reducing the infusion rate, the safety and comfort of the infusion can be improved.

[0017] 2. The telescopic rod and second support frame used in this invention for assisting infusion can be slidably stored in the main tray. Storing them inside the main tray facilitates storage and avoids the protruding telescopic rod and second support frame affecting storage. The second support frame can rotate around the first connecting axis as the center, while the third connecting frame can fix the first connecting frame through the magnetic connection between the first magnet and the fourth connecting frame. The first connecting frame can be stably and temporarily stored inside the second mounting slot. The reserved storage location facilitates the storage and use of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall external structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the telescopic rod of the present invention installed inside the second mounting groove; Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the installation position of the third connecting frame of the present invention; Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the mounting location of the secondary tray in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rotation trajectory of the second support frame of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation trajectory of the telescopic pole of the present invention; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of a portion of region A in the middle; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the infusion system of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Main tray; 2. Puncture device; 3. First transfer tube; 4. Locking element; 5. Filter; 6. Second transfer tube; 7. Flow rate regulator; 8. Injection needle; 9. First connecting frame; 10. Telescopic rod; 11. Connecting base; 12. Connecting block; 13. Connecting rod; 14. First support frame; 15. Second connecting frame; 16. Secondary tray; 17. Second support frame; 18. Ultrasonic flow sensor; 19. Wiring frame; 20. Main unit; 21. Buzzer; 22. Display screen; 23. First mounting slot; 24. Second mounting slot; 25. Third connecting frame; 26. Fourth connecting frame; 27. First connecting shaft; 28. First magnet; 29. ​​Third mounting slot; 30. Mounting column; 31. Second magnet; 32. Finger-tip pulse oximeter; 33. Second connecting shaft; 34. Movable rail; 35. Roller. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this embodiment of an integrated blood transfusion set includes a puncture device 2, which is provided in pairs. A filter 5 is provided at the lower end between the two puncture devices 2. The filter 5 is connected to the puncture device 2 through a first transmission tube 3. The puncture device 2 is used to insert into a drug bag. The two puncture devices 2 can be inserted into different drug bags respectively, which can reduce the number of times the patient is punctured. The filter 5 is used to filter blood and improve the safety of infusion.

[0022] To accommodate different infusion sequences, a locking element 4 is provided on the outside of the first transmission tube 3. By squeezing the first transmission tube 3 with the locking element 4, the flow of liquid at the position of the first transmission tube 3 can be directly restricted, thereby controlling the transmission status of the medicine connected to the two puncture devices 2.

[0023] Furthermore, an injection needle 8 is provided at the lower end of the filter 5. The injection needle 8 is connected to the filter 5 through a second transmission tube 6. After the liquid is filtered by the filter 5, the liquid is transmitted by the second transmission tube 6. After the injection needle 8 is inserted into the patient's vein, the liquid transmitted inside the second transmission tube 6 is delivered to the vein by the injection needle 8.

[0024] To improve the safety of using the blood transfusion set, a flow rate regulator 7 is installed on the outside of the second transfer tube 6. A roller 35 is installed inside the flow rate regulator 7. Movable rails 34 are provided at both the front and rear ends of the roller 35. The movable rails 34 pass through and extend to the inner and outer sides of the flow rate regulator 7. After the user manually moves the roller 35 along the movable rails 34, the movement of the roller 35 can adjust the distance between the roller 35 and the flow rate regulator 7. The adjustment of the distance can adjust the flow rate of the liquid in the second transfer tube 6.

[0025] Furthermore, a first connecting frame 9 is provided at the upper end of one side of the flow rate regulator 7, and a connecting block 12 is provided on the outside of the movable rail 34, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the connecting block 12 and the roller 35 are rotatably connected by the second connecting shaft 33. A telescopic rod 10 is vertically arranged between the connecting block 12 and the first connecting frame 9. With the contraction of the telescopic rod 10 and the support of the first connecting frame 9, the position of the connecting block 12 can be pulled and the roller 35 can be moved longitudinally upward, which can adjust and reduce the flow speed of the liquid in the second transmission pipe 6.

[0026] In this embodiment, in order to improve the stability of the telescopic rod 10 connection, such as Figure 6 As shown, both the upper and lower ends of the telescopic rod 10 are provided with connecting bases 11, and the connecting bases 11 are respectively fixedly connected to the two ends of the telescopic rod 10 by bolts. When the telescopic rod 10 is temporarily connected, the telescopic rod 10 is locked on the side of the first connecting frame 9 and the connecting block 12 through the connecting bases 11. The connecting block 12 and the first connecting frame 9 are both connected to the slots of the connecting bases 11. The telescopic rod 10 can be temporarily connected through the slot connection, which makes it convenient for the telescopic rod 10 to be stored in the second mounting slot 24 later.

[0027] The telescopic rod 10 is model CAJA35C of Evelle. This model of telescopic rod 10 can be used to push the internal roller 35 of the flow rate regulator 7, and can also be used to manually turn the roller 35, so as to avoid the connection of the telescopic rod 10 affecting the manual adjustment of the roller 35.

[0028] To facilitate support for the flow rate regulator 7 and the telescopic rod 10, and to prevent the flow rate regulator 7 from continuously sliding downwards along the second transmission pipe 6 due to the weight of the telescopic rod 10, a pair of connecting rods 13 are provided at the front end of the flow rate regulator 7. The connecting rods 13 and the flow rate regulator 7 are integrally formed. A main tray 1 is provided at the lower end of one side of the filter 5. A second connecting frame 15 is provided on the outer wall of the main tray 1. A first support frame 14 is provided outside the second connecting frame 15. The first support frame 14 is rotatably connected to the second connecting frame 15. The first support frame 14 is slotted with the connecting rod 13. After the first support frame 14 rotates and unfolds from inside the main tray 1, the connection between the first support frame 14 and the connecting rod 13 supports the flow rate regulator 7 and the telescopic rod 10.

[0029] Furthermore, nuts are provided on the outside of the connecting rod 13 and the side of the first support frame 14. The first support frame 14 is fitted over the connecting rod 13. After the first support frame 14 is rotated and unfolded, the nuts rotate outside the connecting rod 13 to fix the connection of the connecting rod 13. The nuts rotate to the position where the first support frame 14 and the second connecting frame 15 are rotated and connected. After the nuts are rotated and attached to the first support frame 14, the rotated first support frame 14 can be fixed. After the nuts in the two positions are rotated, the first support frame 14 supports the flow rate regulator 7 and the telescopic rod 10.

[0030] The main tray 1 has a recessed first mounting groove 23 at the top center, and the interior of the first mounting groove 23 is connected to the external slot of the first support frame 14. When the first support frame 14 is not in use, the first support frame 14 can be rotated and stored inside the first mounting groove 23.

[0031] To improve safety during blood transfusion and intravenous infusion, a fingertip pulse oximeter 32 is installed at the front end of the first mounting slot 23, and a main unit 20 is installed at the rear end of the first mounting slot 23. A buzzer 21 is installed on the side of the main unit 20. The reserved fingertip pulse oximeter 32 can facilitate the detection of the patient's heart rate during infusion, while the buzzer 21 can sound an alarm when the heart rate is abnormal. The main unit 20 is electrically connected to the buzzer 21, the telescopic rod 10 and the fingertip pulse oximeter 32. The electrical connection can assist in infusion.

[0032] When it is necessary to directly detect the liquid flow velocity inside the second transmission pipe 6, an ultrasonic flow sensor 18 is used to detect the liquid being transported inside the second transmission pipe 6 after being attached to the side of the second transmission pipe 6. A second support frame 17 is provided in the middle of the lower end of the main tray 1. Figure 5As shown, the second support frame 17 is rotatably connected to the main tray 1 via a first connecting shaft 27. The angle between the first connecting shaft 27 and the main tray 1 is 45 degrees. After the second support frame 17 rotates around the first connecting shaft 27 as the center, the second support frame 17 can be perpendicular to the lower end of the main tray 1. When the second support frame 17 needs to be stored, a secondary tray 16 is provided at the front end of the main tray 1, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the auxiliary tray 16 is provided with mounting posts 30 at both the front and rear ends facing the main tray 1. The main tray 1 is provided with a third mounting groove 29 corresponding to the mounting posts 30. The auxiliary tray 16 can be directly slidably installed to the front end of the main tray 1 through the mounting posts 30. Sliding and disassembling the auxiliary tray 16 can facilitate the unfolding and storage of the second support frame 17.

[0033] To improve stability during infusion, a wiring frame 19 is longitudinally arranged on the side of the second support frame 17. The wiring frames 19 are arranged in an alternating orientation, which facilitates the second transmission tube 6 to be secured inside the wiring frame 19, ensuring stable liquid transmission. An ultrasonic flow sensor 18 is arranged between two adjacent wiring frames 19. While the second transmission tube 6 is installed outside the wiring frame 19, the ultrasonic flow sensor 18 is also installed simultaneously. Finally, the cover of the ultrasonic flow sensor 18 is placed over the second transmission tube 6 to complete the installation of the second transmission tube 6.

[0034] Referring to Chinese Patent No. CN112903047A, a clamp-type ultrasonic flow sensor is described in detail in that application. The ultrasonic flow sensor (18) in this application is the same as the clamp-type ultrasonic flow sensor. This application does not improve the ultrasonic flow sensor (18), so the ultrasonic flow sensor (18) is not described in detail in this application.

[0035] To improve the stability of fixing the first connecting frame 9, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the lower end of the main tray 1 is recessed with a second mounting groove 24. Both sides of the interior of the second mounting groove 24 are provided with fourth connecting brackets 26. The lower ends of the exterior of the two fourth connecting brackets 26 are provided with third connecting brackets 25. The upper end of the third connecting bracket 25 is provided with a first magnet 28, and the first magnet 28 and the third connecting bracket 25 are fixedly connected by glue. After the first connecting bracket 9 is installed inside the second mounting groove 24, the magnetic connection between the third connecting bracket 25 and the fourth connecting bracket 26 by the first magnet 28 can facilitate the temporary fixation of the first connecting bracket 9.

[0036] A second magnet 31 is provided on the side of the mounting post 30 facing the third mounting groove 29. The second magnet 31 is fixedly connected to the mounting post 30 by glue. After the mounting post 30 is inserted into the third mounting groove 29, the second magnet 31 is magnetically connected to the internal area of ​​the main tray 1 to temporarily fix the sub-tray 16.

[0037] For a further understanding of the contents of this invention, please refer to Figure 8 This embodiment provides the following technical solution: An integrated blood transfusion device also includes an infusion system built into the main unit 20. The main unit 20 has a display screen 22 at its front end. The infusion system consists of a timing module, a drive module, a recording module, a start module, and a display module. The timing module receives heart rate data from a fingertip pulse oximeter and starts timing when the patient's heart rate data is consistently higher than a set value. As the system's judgment center, its core function is to prevent false alarms. By judging the duration, it filters out occasional heart rate fluctuations caused by brief patient activity or stress, ensuring that subsequent actions are only triggered when the situation is indeed consistently abnormal. This improves the system's intelligence and reliability, avoids reckless behavior based on single-point data, and makes its behavior closer to human clinical judgment. The drive module receives trigger signals from the timing module, converts them into precise motor control commands, and actively drives the telescopic rod 10 to retract after the timing module receives a heart rate data stream higher than the set value for an extended period. This allows the telescopic rod 10 to adjust the position of the roller 35, thereby adjusting the flow rate of the liquid inside the second transmission tube 6. The drive module can precisely and uniformly drive the roller 35 to move a fixed amount of space. The recording module continuously records and stores data from all sensors, providing a complete and objective record of the transfusion process. In the event of adverse events, it provides tamper-proof data for medical assessment, helping healthcare professionals review and analyze the transfusion process, optimize future treatment plans and alarm parameters, and meet increasingly stringent regulatory requirements for data recording and traceability in medical devices. The activation module is used to activate the buzzer 21 after the timing module receives patient heart rate data that remains above a set value for an extended period. It controls the buzzer to emit a specific sound pattern, ensuring that intervention and warning occur simultaneously. Combined with the retraction of the telescopic rod 10, this approach both takes action and notifies medical staff, improving the safety of equipment use. The display module is used to display the heart rate detected by the fingertip pulse oximeter 32, the set flow rate, and the actual flow rate detected by the ultrasonic flow sensor 18 on the display screen 22. This provides medical staff with a clear view of the system status and information, enabling transparent operation. When an alarm occurs, the system can immediately see on the screen which parameter triggered the alarm and what the system is doing, facilitating quick decision-making.

[0038] Working principle: When using the device for infusion and blood transfusion, the two puncture needles 2 are inserted into the corresponding drug bags. The patient's arm is turned over and the injection needle 8 is inserted into the vein. One of the patient's fingers is inserted into the fingertip pulse oximeter 32. After sliding and disassembling the auxiliary tray 16, the second support frame 17 rotates around the first connecting shaft 27, making the second support frame 17 perpendicular to the main tray 1. The second transmission tube 6 is wrapped around the second support frame 17 and then wound into the wiring frame 19. While wrapping the second transmission tube 6, the second transmission tube 6 is simultaneously clamped into the ultrasonic flow sensor 18. The first support frame 14 rotates from the side of the second connecting frame 15 and unfolds from the first mounting groove 23. The flow rate regulator 7 slides along the second transmission tube 6, finally allowing the unfolded first support frame 14 to be installed outside the connecting rod 13. The external rotating nuts of the second connecting frame 15 and the connecting rod 13 complete the support of the first support frame 14 for the flow rate regulator 7, and it is then disassembled from the second mounting groove 24. The third connecting frame 25 is removed and the telescopic rod 10 is taken off. The two ends of the telescopic rod 10 are connected to the base 11 and respectively inserted into the outside of the first connecting frame 9 and the connecting block 12. The medical staff first moves the roller 35 to directly adjust the flow rate of the liquid inside the second transmission tube 6. After the fingertip pulse oximeter 32 continuously detects an increase in the patient's heart rate, the buzzer 21 will be activated first to remind the medical staff. At the same time as the buzzer 21 sounds, the telescopic rod 10 retracts the quantitative distance. One end of the first connecting frame 9 is supported and fixed by the first connecting frame 9, while the other end of the first connecting frame 9 pulls the connecting block 12 along the movable rail 34 through the connecting base 11. The connecting block 12 directly pulls the roller 35 inside the flow rate regulator 7, causing the roller 35 to move vertically upward. During the time when the medical staff are called, the infusion rate is reduced first. The most conservative and harmless intervention measure is taken to improve the safety window. Subsequently, the position of the roller 35 is manually adjusted by the medical staff according to the treatment plan.

[0039] Furthermore, the integrated blood transfusion set also includes: At least one contact sensor is disposed on the upper surface of the main tray 1 for detecting contact features of the patient's hand or arm placed thereon during infusion, and thereby generating one or more raw time-series signals. The host 20 is further configured to perform the following steps: (a) Acquire the raw time series signal from the at least one contact sensor; (b) Apply a time-frequency analysis algorithm to the original time series signal to generate one or more time-frequency energy spectra, the time-frequency energy spectra representing the distribution of the energy of the original time series signal in the time and frequency dimensions; (c) During the historical baseline establishment phase of the system, a baseline energy scalar is calculated and stored based on the time-frequency energy spectrum. In the recording module, the baseline energy scalar The average energy corresponding to a predefined target frequency band (e.g., 1 Hz to 5 Hz) within a historically stable period; (d) During the real-time monitoring phase of the system, the current weighted energy within the target frequency band is calculated in real time. ; (e) By calculating the current weighted energy With the baseline energy scalar The ratio is used to generate a dimensionless patient status index. The calculation is expressed by the following formula:

[0040] in: The dimensionless patient status index; The current weighted energy; The baseline energy scalar; In time The time-frequency energy spectrum at frequency Energy density at that location; The average energy spectral density calculated during the historical baseline establishment phase; and These are the lower and upper frequency limits of the target frequency band, respectively. It is a frequency weighting function whose value within the target frequency band (e.g., 1) is higher than its value outside the target frequency band (e.g., 0). For integration variables; (f) The dimensionless patient status index generated in real time Compare with one or more preset state thresholds; (g) When the patient status index When the preset state threshold is exceeded, it is predicted that the patient is in an unstable state (e.g., agitation or hyperactivity), and the activation module is triggered to activate the buzzer 21 or a dedicated safety intervention action to ensure patient safety.

[0041] The working principle of this embodiment is to proactively predict safety risks caused by changes in patient state (such as agitation) by introducing a new sensing dimension: at least one new contact sensor, preferably a capacitive sensor, is precisely integrated into the upper surface of the main tray 1, a location where the patient most often places their hand or arm during infusion; the host 20 is configured to first perform a historical baseline establishment phase, during which the host 20 continuously acquires the original time-series signal of the patient in the initial stable state from the capacitive sensor. And through the built-in signal processing unit The Short Time Fourier Transform (STFT) algorithm is applied to generate one or more time-frequency energy spectra, which show the distribution of energy in time and frequency; the host 20 then calculates an average baseline energy spectral density. This parameter is obtained by averaging the generated time-frequency energy spectrum over the entire baseline establishment phase (e.g., the first 300 seconds); subsequently, the host 20 uses a preset target frequency band boundary (i.e., the lower limit frequency) stored in the recording module. and upper limit frequency ,For example =1 Hz, =5 Hz, this frequency band is clinically identified as strongly correlated with "agitation" behavior, Integrating within this frequency band yields a scalar value, namely the baseline energy scalar. ;Should The value represents the energy baseline of the patient's "agitation band" in a stable state and is stored in the recording module; in the subsequent real-time monitoring phase, the host 20 continuously acquires new data in a very short sliding time window (e.g., 2 seconds). The host (20) calculates the current weighted energy in real time by integrating the energy spectral density within the same target frequency band. Ultimately, host 20 calculates... With storage The ratio, that is:

[0042] To generate a real-time, dimensionless patient status index. This index eliminates individual differences through baseline normalization, and its physical meaning is the multiple of the patient's current level of agitation compared to their stable baseline; the host computer 20 will use this... The value is related to a preset state threshold (e.g.) The data is stored in the host's memory for comparison. When the threshold is exceeded, the startup module of the host 20 will immediately trigger the buzzer 21 to sound an alarm, thereby providing a predictive warning before the patient takes a substantially dangerous action (such as extubation).

[0043] In a specific implementation case, a patient begins using this integrated infusion set with their left arm resting on the upper surface of the main tray 1, which integrates a capacitive sensor array; during the first 5 minutes of infusion ( During the historical baseline establishment phase, when the patient is in a calm state, the host 20 acquires the corresponding raw capacitance signal. The average energy spectrum was calculated after STFT processing. Furthermore, the baseline energy scalar within the preset "noise band" (1 Hz to 5 Hz) was calculated. Calculated (units, for example) Host 20 will The value is stored in the recording module, and the alarm is recorded. The state threshold was set to 8.0. At the 40-minute mark of the infusion, the patient became agitated due to discomfort, and their fingers, placed on the main tray 1, began to tap rapidly and involuntarily. The capacitive sensor captured these high-frequency, minute movements. During the real-time monitoring phase, the host 20 continuously calculated the current weighted energy with a 2-second sliding window. At the moment the patient tapped their finger, the value rapidly spiked to Host 20 calculates immediately:

[0044] Due to the calculation If the preset state threshold of 8.011 is exceeded, the start-up module of the host 20 is immediately triggered, activating the buzzer 21 to emit a specific warning sound of "patient agitation". At the same time, the display screen 22 displays "Please pay attention to the patient's condition". After receiving this predictive alarm, medical staff can come to comfort the patient in time, effectively avoiding the risk of subsequent dislodgement of the infusion tubing or damage to the equipment due to patient agitation.

[0045] Furthermore, the host 20 is further configured to execute a multimodal alarm arbitration module, which operates by performing the following steps: The ultrasonic flow sensor 18 (i.e., the first sensor) receives a first signal and classifies it into a first parameter state that includes at least a normal state of the first parameter (e.g., normal flow) and an abnormal state of the first parameter (e.g., zero flow or low flow). The patient state determined in step (f) is acquired and used as a second signal, the patient state including at least a second parameter stable state (e.g., the...). (not exceeding the preset state threshold) and the second parameter unstable state (e.g., the (The preset state threshold has been exceeded). A specific alarm is selected and output from a predefined alarm library containing at least three or more different alarm types; the selection is determined based on logical arbitration of a specific combination of the first parameter state and the patient state. The host 20 controls the buzzer 21 and / or the display screen 22 to output the specific alarm; The logical arbitration includes at least the following rules: (i) When a first specific combination of the abnormal state of the first parameter and the unstable state of the second parameter is detected, a first type of alarm (e.g., a high-priority alarm indicating patient intervention) is output. (ii) When a second specific combination of the abnormal state of the first parameter and the stable state of the second parameter is detected, a second type of alarm (e.g., a medium-priority alarm indicating a technical failure) is output, which is significantly different from the first type of alarm in terms of the sound pattern emitted by the buzzer 21 or the information displayed on the display screen 22. (iii) When a third specific combination of the normal state of the first parameter and the unstable state of the second parameter is detected, a third type of alarm (e.g., a low-priority, preventative notification indicating patient status observation) is output, which is different from the triggering described in step (g).

[0046] The working principle of this embodiment lies in the intelligent upgrade of the alarm mechanism, which solves the alarm fatigue problem through a multimodal alarm arbitration module: the host 20 is configured to process input signals in at least two dimensions simultaneously; the first input signal (i.e., the first signal) comes from the ultrasonic flow sensor 18, and the host 20 compares the real-time flow rate value detected by the sensor (e.g., ...) ) and the set flow rate value stored in host 20 (e.g. ) and flow error threshold (e.g. The first signal is classified into a discrete set of "first parameter states", which includes at least "first parameter normal states" (e.g., ...). exist of Within the range) and "first parameter abnormal state" (e.g. Below 90%); the second input signal (i.e., the second signal) is based on the calculation result of the previous embodiment, and the host 20 compares the real-time calculated result. With preset state threshold ( The second signal is classified into a discrete set of "second parameter states," which includes at least "second parameter stable states." ) and "second parameter unstable state" ( The arbitration module inside host 20 performs real-time logical arbitration on specific combinations of the two parameter states based on a preset logical decision matrix (or IF-THEN rule set) stored in the recording module. The core of this arbitration logic is to distinguish the root cause of the alarm. For example, (rule i) when the arbitration module detects a first specific combination of "abnormal state of the first parameter" (such as zero flow) and "unstable state of the second parameter" (such as patient agitation), the system determines that the problem is caused by "patient intervention" and selects and outputs the first type of alarm from the alarm library; (rule ii) when "abnormal state of the first parameter" is detected... When a second specific combination of "first parameter normal state" (e.g., flow rate is zero) and "second parameter stable state" (e.g., patient is calm) is detected, the system determines it as a "technical fault" and outputs a second type of alarm; (rule iii) when a third specific combination of "first parameter normal state" and "second parameter unstable state" is detected, the system outputs a third type of alarm (preventive notification); the host 20 then controls the buzzer 21 and the display screen 22 to output the selected specific alarm type in significantly different ways (e.g., different sound modes, volumes or text information on the display screen 22), thereby providing medical staff with high-context, hierarchical intelligent decision support.

[0047] In a specific implementation case, the arbitration module of host 20 is configured with explicit differentiation logic; Scenario 1: At a certain moment, the ultrasonic flow sensor 18 detects that the infusion flow rate has dropped to 0 mL / hr, and host 20 classifies it as "abnormal state of the first parameter" (flow rate is zero). At the same time, it calculates the patient's... If the threshold 11 is higher than 8.0, the host 20 classifies it as a "second parameter unstable state" (patient agitation); the arbitration module of the host 20 receives the first specific combination (zero flow, patient agitation), immediately matches the logical rule (i), and determines that this event is a high-risk "patient intervention"; the host 20 then triggers the first type of alarm: the buzzer 21 emits a rapid, high-priority alarm sound (e.g., "beep beep beep"), while the display screen 22 flashes red text, displaying "High risk: Patient intervention caused infusion interruption! Please check immediately!"; Scenario 2: Half an hour later, the patient has fallen asleep, and its The infusion bag is classified as "second parameter stable state"; at this time, the fluid in the infusion bag is exhausted, and the ultrasonic flow sensor 18 detects a flow rate of 0 mL / hr again. The host 20 classifies it as "first parameter abnormal state"; the arbitration module receives the second specific combination (flow rate is zero, patient is stable), matches the logic rule (ii), and determines that this event is a routine "technical failure"; the host 20 then triggers the second type of alarm: the buzzer 21 emits a gentle, medium-priority prompt tone (e.g., "beep...beep..."), and the display screen 22 displays the blue text "Routine: Infusion is exhausted, please replace"; through this intelligent arbitration based on multimodal sensor data fusion, the system successfully distinguishes two completely different "flow rate zero" events, significantly reducing alarm fatigue and enabling medical staff to efficiently allocate processing priorities according to the clear guidance of the alarm.

[0048] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0049] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. An integrated blood transfusion set, comprising a pair of puncture needles (2), a filter (5) disposed between the two puncture needles (2), an injection needle (8) connected to the lower end of the filter (5) via a second transmission tube (6), and a flow rate regulator (7) with rollers (35) disposed outside the second transmission tube (6), characterized in that, The roller (35) is provided with movable rails (34) at both ends. The upper end of one side of the flow rate regulator (7) is provided with a first connecting frame (9). The movable rail (34) is provided with a connecting block (12) that is rotatably connected to the roller (35) through a second connecting shaft (33). A telescopic rod (10) is provided vertically between the connecting block (12) and the first connecting frame (9). The lower end of one side of the filter (5) is provided with a main tray (1).

2. The integrated blood transfusion device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main tray (1) has a first mounting groove (23) in the middle recess at the top. The front and rear ends of the first mounting groove (23) are respectively provided with a fingertip pulse oximeter (32) and a main unit (20). A buzzer (21) is provided on the side of the main unit (20).

3. The integrated blood transfusion device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lower end of the main tray (1) is provided with a second support frame (17) rotatably connected by a first connecting shaft (27). The second support frame (17) has longitudinally arranged wiring frames (19) facing alternately, and an ultrasonic flow sensor (18) is provided between two adjacent wiring frames (19).

4. The integrated blood transfusion device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The telescopic rod (10) is provided with connecting bases (11) at both the upper and lower ends, and the connecting block (12) and the first connecting frame (9) are connected to the slots of the connecting bases (11).

5. The integrated blood transfusion device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The flow rate regulator (7) is provided with a pair of connecting rods (13) at its front end. The outer wall of the main tray (1) is provided with a second connecting frame (15). The outside of the second connecting frame (15) is provided with a first support frame (14). The first support frame (14) is rotatably connected to the second connecting frame (15). The first support frame (14) is connected to the connecting rods (13) in a slot.

6. The integrated blood transfusion set according to claim 5, characterized in that, Nuts are provided on the outside of the connecting rod (13) and the side of the first support frame (14). After the nuts in the two positions are rotated, the first support frame (14) supports the flow rate regulator (7) and the telescopic rod (10).

7. An integrated blood transfusion device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The lower end of the main tray (1) is provided with a second mounting groove (24), and the two sides inside the second mounting groove (24) are provided with a fourth connecting frame (26). The lower ends of the two fourth connecting frames (26) are provided with a third connecting frame (25). The upper end of the third connecting frame (25) is provided with a first magnet (28), and the first magnet (28) is magnetically connected to the fourth connecting frame (26).

8. An integrated blood transfusion device according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes an infusion system, which is built into the host (20). The host (20) has a display screen (22) at the front end. The infusion system consists of a timing module, a drive module, a recording module, a start module and a display module. The timing module is used to start timing after the patient's heart rate data is continuously higher than the set value. The drive module is used to receive the trigger signal from the timing module and drive the telescopic rod (10) to retract after the timing module receives a data stream of heart rate higher than the set value for a long time. The recording module is used to continuously record and store data from all sensors; The start module is used to activate the buzzer (21) after the timing module receives patient heart rate data that is continuously higher than a set value for a long time, and to control the buzzer to emit a specific mode of sound. The display module is used to display the heart rate detected by the fingertip pulse oximeter (32), the set flow rate, and the actual flow rate detected by the ultrasonic flow sensor (18) on the display screen (22).

9. An integrated blood transfusion device according to claim 8, characterized in that, Also includes: At least one contact sensor is disposed on the upper surface of the main tray (1) for detecting contact features of the patient's hand or arm placed thereon during infusion, and thereby generating one or more raw time-series signals; The host (20) is further configured to perform the following steps: (a) Acquire the raw time series signal from the at least one contact sensor; (b) Apply a time-frequency analysis algorithm to the original time series signal to generate one or more time-frequency energy spectra, the time-frequency energy spectra representing the distribution of the energy of the original time series signal in the time and frequency dimensions; (c) During the historical baseline establishment phase of the system, a baseline energy scalar is calculated and stored based on the time-frequency energy spectrum. In the recording module, the baseline energy scalar This corresponds to the average energy within a predefined target frequency band during a historically stable period. (d) During the real-time monitoring phase of the system, the current weighted energy within the target frequency band is calculated in real time. ; (e) By calculating the current weighted energy With the baseline energy scalar The ratio of [a certain percentage] to generate a patient status index. The calculation is expressed by the following formula: in: The patient's condition index; The current weighted energy; The baseline energy scalar; In time The time-frequency energy spectrum at frequency Energy density at that location; The average energy spectral density calculated during the historical baseline establishment phase; and These are the lower and upper frequency limits of the target frequency band, respectively. It is a frequency weighting function whose value within the target frequency band is higher than its value outside the target frequency band; For integration variables; (f) The dimensionless patient status index generated in real time Compare with one or more preset state thresholds; (g) When the patient status index When the preset state threshold is exceeded, it is predicted that the patient is in an unstable state and the activation module is triggered to activate the buzzer (21) or a dedicated safety intervention action to ensure the patient's safety.

10. An integrated blood transfusion device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The host (20) is further configured to execute a multimodal alarm arbitration module, which operates by performing the following steps: The first signal is received from the ultrasonic flow sensor (18) and classified into a first parameter state that includes at least a normal state and an abnormal state of the first parameter. The patient state determined in step (f) is obtained and used as a second signal, wherein the patient state includes at least a stable state of the second parameter and an unstable state of the second parameter. A specific alarm is selected and output from a predefined alarm library containing at least three or more different alarm types; the selection is determined based on logical arbitration of a specific combination of the first parameter state and the patient state. The host (20) controls the buzzer (21) and / or the display screen (22) to output the specific alarm; The logical arbitration includes at least the following rules: (i) When a first specific combination of the abnormal state of the first parameter and the unstable state of the second parameter is detected, a first type of alarm is output; (ii) When a second specific combination of the abnormal state of the first parameter and the stable state of the second parameter is detected, a second type of alarm is output, which is significantly different from the first type of alarm in terms of the sound pattern emitted by the buzzer (21) or the information displayed on the display screen (22); (iii) When a third specific combination of the normal state of the first parameter and the unstable state of the second parameter is detected, a third type of alarm is output, which is different from the triggering described in step (g).

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