Preparation method and application of ganoderma lucidum and coix seed mycoplasm
By using a two-way fermentation technology of coix seed and Ganoderma lucidum, Ganoderma lucidum and coix seed mycelium were prepared, which solved the problem that existing technologies lacked the ability to enhance immunity and improve glucose and lipid metabolism, and achieved the improvement of functional components and the expansion of applications.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511734962.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-25
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-13
AI Technical Summary
There are currently no dual-fermentation mycelium of Ganoderma lucidum and Coix seed available on the market for use in food and health products, and there is a lack of functional components that enhance immunity and improve glucose and lipid metabolism.
Using coix seed as the fermentation substrate and Ganoderma lucidum as the fermentation strain, liquid fermentation was carried out. By controlling fermentation conditions such as temperature, aeration rate and stirring speed, Ganoderma lucidum and coix seed mycelium were prepared, and plate and frame solid-liquid separation and microfiltration were performed to form solid, liquid or paste dosage form products suitable for health products or food.
It enhances functional components, strengthens immunity, protects pancreatic β cells, improves glucose and lipid metabolism, and expands the application of Ganoderma lucidum and Coix seed mycelium in food and health food.
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Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine and health food processing, and particularly relates to a preparation method of Ganoderma lucidum and Coicis seed fungus and application thereof. BACKGROUND
[0002] Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis) P. Karst. is a fungus of Ganodermataceae and Ganoderma, also known as single mushroom, dense line thin mushroom or old wood fungus. Ganoderma lucidum is a traditional precious fungus in China, which is a precious medicinal material with the functions of tonifying and strengthening, and supporting and tonifying the body. Long-term use has the effect of prolonging life. The fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum contains rich mineral elements, polysaccharides and proteins and other nutrients, which can be used to make medicinal food, and can be processed into various products such as drinks, bread and flour. Scientific research has confirmed that Ganoderma lucidum has the pharmacological activities of improving immune regulation, anti-tumor, anti-cancer, analgesia, liver protection, memory enhancement, antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-mutagenesis. Clinically, Ganoderma lucidum has different degrees of curative effect on the auxiliary treatment of chronic bronchitis, coronary heart disease, hepatitis, cirrhosis, arteriosclerosis, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, neurasthenia and tumor diseases. These pharmacological activities or curative effects are closely related to the polysaccharides, truffles, furans, alkaloids, amino acid proteins, oils, inorganic ions and sterols in Ganoderma lucidum.
[0003] Coix seed (Latin name Semen Coicis, English name Coix Seed) is also known as Coicis seed, Yimi, Yiren, Tuycorn, Yumi, Qishi, Yuzhuzi, Caizhuzhu, Miren and Liuguzi. It is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine and a commonly eaten food. It has the effects of promoting water and reducing swelling, invigorating the spleen and removing dampness, relaxing the tendons and relieving arthralgia, clearing heat and draining pus, and is used for treating edema, difficulty urinating and foot edema. The Shennong Herbal Classic records that it is "mainly used for treating tendon tension, rigidity and extension, and rheumatism", and the Compendium of Materia Medica claims that it "invigorates the spleen and stomach, tonifies the lung and clears heat, and expels wind and dampness". Modern pharmacological studies have shown that Coix seed polysaccharides A, B and C can improve diabetes by protecting pancreatic beta cells and enhancing insulin sensitivity. In addition, Coix seed polysaccharides can also enhance immune function, protect pancreatic beta cells, prevent and treat diabetic vascular complications, and regulate intestinal flora and improve abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism.
[0004] In recent years, the demand for Ganoderma lucidum is increasing, and wild Ganoderma lucidum is very rare, far from meeting people's needs, and artificial cultivation of Ganoderma lucidum has a long growth cycle. The use of fermentation engineering can shorten the production cycle of Ganoderma lucidum and improve its activity. The two-way fermentation technology refers to the use of fungi as fermentation strains and the use of medicinal materials or residues as medicinal substrates to form a fermentation combination for fermentation. After two-way fermentation, the medicinal quality of the original medicinal materials has several effects: enhancing efficacy, expanding use, and reducing toxicity. The "two-way fermentation engineering" shows the organic combination of medicinal fungi (including other fungi) and Chinese medicinal materials, which overcomes the problem of wild medicinal plants. If the combination is correct and the production method is reasonable, it will produce multiple effects, such as increasing the content of active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine, producing new ingredients or pharmacological effects, increasing efficacy or producing synergistic effects, and reducing the toxicity of active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine.
[0005] At present, the two-way fermented fungus of Ganoderma lucidum and coix seed has not been applied to the food and health product industry, and there is no related report on the two-way fermentation of coix seed and Ganoderma lucidum to improve functional ingredients. SUMMARY
[0006] The purpose of the present application is to provide a preparation method of Ganoderma lucidum coix seed fungus and its application. The Ganoderma lucidum coix seed fungus prepared by the present application has the effects of enhancing immunity, protecting pancreatic beta cells, and improving glucose and lipid metabolism.
[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme of the present application is as follows:
[0008] A preparation method of Ganoderma lucidum coix seed fungus, which uses coix seed as a fermentation substrate and Ganoderma lucidum as a fermentation strain for liquid fermentation, comprising the following steps:
[0009] Step 1: inoculate the Ganoderma lucidum slant culture into PDA liquid medium for activation, and the activation conditions are 25-30℃, 150-200 r / min, and the culture is cultured for 7-10 days until the mycelium is dense, uniformly distributed, and the culture medium is clear, thereby obtaining Ganoderma lucidum seed liquid;
[0010] Step 2: grind the coix seed into 10-200 mesh, mix the coix seed powder with the base medium at a material-liquid ratio of 1%-10%, and sterilize, thereby obtaining the coix seed fermentation substrate;
[0011] The base medium consists of 2-5 parts of glucose, 1-1.5 parts of yeast extract powder, 0.2-0.5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1-0.3 parts of magnesium sulfate, and 0.05-0.1 parts of VB1;
[0012] Step 3, inoculate Ganoderma lucidum seed liquid in an amount of 5% to 10% of the total volume of the fermentation substrate of coix seed, and place in a fermentation tank for cultivation for 7 to 15 days, the cultivation temperature is 25 to 30℃, the aeration amount is 0.5 to 3.5 VVM, the stirring speed is 100 to 250 rpm / min, the tank pressure is 0.04 to 0.05 MPa, after the fermentation is completed, sterilize, cool, and centrifugal separation, to obtain the Ganoderma lucidum coix seed mycelium fermentation liquor.
[0013] In the above technical solution, preferably, the preparation method further comprises step 4:
[0014] The Ganoderma lucidum coix seed mycelium fermentation liquor obtained in step 3 is subjected to plate-frame solid-liquid separation and microfiltration to obtain the filtered Ganoderma lucidum coix seed fermentation mycelium.
[0015] In the above technical solution, preferably, in step 1, the activation conditions are 26 to 28℃ and 180 to 200 r / min, and the cultivation is performed for 7 to 8 days.
[0016] In the above technical solution, preferably, in step 2, the basic medium comprises 4 to 5 parts of glucose, 1.25 to 1.5 parts of yeast extract powder, 0.3 to 0.5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.2 to 0.3 parts of magnesium sulfate, and 0.75 to 0.1 parts of VB1; and the ratio of coix seed powder to the basic medium is 5%.
[0017] In the above technical solution, preferably, in step 2, the sterilization is performed at 121℃ for 30 minutes.
[0018] In the above technical solution, preferably, in step 3, the inoculation amount of the Ganoderma lucidum seed liquid is 5% to 8% of the total volume of the fermentation substrate of coix seed.
[0019] In the above technical solution, preferably, in step 3, the sterilization is performed at 100℃ for 30 minutes.
[0020] The Ganoderma lucidum coix seed mycelium fermentation liquor prepared by the above preparation method of the present application is applied to health products or food.
[0021] In the above application, the Ganoderma lucidum coix seed mycelium fermentation liquor is formed into a solid beverage, a liquid beverage or a paste agent type by adding a carrier and / or an excipient acceptable in health products or food, or a diluent.
[0022] In the above application:
[0023] The Ganoderma lucidum coix seed mycelium fermentation liquor is added with an excipient, freeze-dried or spray-dried to obtain a mixed powder, which is then packaged, to obtain a solid beverage;
[0024] Or the Ganoderma lucidum coix seed mycelium fermentation liquor is added with an excipient, filtered, uniformly mixed, and packaged, to obtain a liquid beverage.
[0025] Alternatively, the fermented liquid of Ganoderma lucidum and Coix seed can be concentrated, excipients added, and packaged to obtain a paste.
[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention are:
[0027] This invention utilizes a two-way fermentation technology to obtain a Ganoderma lucidum and Coix seed mycelium composition, which enhances functional components and has the effects of boosting immunity, protecting pancreatic β cells, and improving glucose and lipid metabolism. This invention expands its application in the food and health food fields. Detailed Implementation
[0028] This invention provides a method for preparing Ganoderma lucidum and Coix seed mycelium, which uses Coix seed as a fermentation substrate and Ganoderma lucidum as a fermentation strain for liquid fermentation, including the following steps:
[0029] Step 1: Inoculate the Ganoderma lucidum slant culture into PDA liquid medium for activation. The activation conditions are 25-30℃ and 150-200 r / min. Cultivate for 7-10 days until the mycelial balls are dense, evenly distributed, and the medium is clear. This yields the Ganoderma lucidum seed liquid.
[0030] Step 2: Grind the Job's tears into 10-200 mesh, mix the Job's tears powder with the basic culture medium at a ratio of 1%-10% (material to liquid), sterilize, and you will get the Job's tears fermentation substrate.
[0031] The basic culture medium is prepared as follows: Weigh 2-5 parts glucose, 1-1.5 parts yeast extract, 0.2-0.5 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1-0.3 parts magnesium sulfate, and 0.05-0.1 parts vitamin B1; add water to a final volume of 1L and dispense for use.
[0032] Step 3: Add Ganoderma lucidum seed liquid at an inoculation rate of 5% to 10% of the total volume of the coix seed fermentation substrate, place it in a fermentation tank and cultivate for 7 to 15 days at a temperature of 25 to 30°C, an aeration rate of 0.5 to 3.5 VVM, a stirring speed of 100 to 250 rpm / min, and a tank pressure of 0.04 to 0.05 MPa. After fermentation, sterilize, cool, and centrifuge to obtain the Ganoderma lucidum and coix seed mycelium fermentation broth.
[0033] In the preparation method of the present invention, preferably, it further includes step 4: performing plate and frame solid-liquid separation and microfiltration on the fermentation broth obtained in step 3 to obtain filtered Ganoderma lucidum and Coix seed fermentation mycelium.
[0034] In the preparation method of the present invention, preferably, in step 1, the activation conditions are 26~28℃, 180~200 r / min, and culture for 7~8 days.
[0035] In the preparation method of the present invention, preferably, in step 2:
[0036] The weight fraction of coix seed is 1 to 10 parts, preferably 5 parts;
[0037] The basic culture medium consists of: 4-5 parts glucose, 1.25-1.5 parts yeast extract, 0.3-0.5 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.2-0.3 parts magnesium sulfate, and 0.75-0.1 parts vitamin B1.
[0038] The ratio of coix seed powder to basal culture medium solution was 5%;
[0039] Sterilize at 121℃ for 30 minutes.
[0040] In the preparation method of the present invention, preferably, in step 3:
[0041] Add Ganoderma lucidum seed liquid at an inoculation rate of 5% to 8% of the total volume of the coix seed fermentation substrate.
[0042] Sterilize at 100℃ for 30 minutes.
[0043] The present invention also provides an application of the Ganoderma lucidum and Coix seed mycelium fermentation broth prepared by the above-described preparation method of the present invention in health products or food.
[0044] In the application of this invention: the Ganoderma lucidum and Coix seed mycelium fermentation liquid can be formed into a solid beverage, liquid beverage or paste dosage form by adding a carrier and / or excipients acceptable for health products or food, or a diluent.
[0045] In the above applications: food-acceptable carriers or diluents refer to conventional food carriers in the food industry, selected from one or more of fillers, binders, disintegrants, lubricants, suspending agents, wetting agents, solvents, surfactants, or flavoring agents. For example:
[0046] The fermented liquid of Ganoderma lucidum and Coix seed is mixed with excipients, freeze-dried or spray-dried to obtain a mixed powder, which is then packaged as a solid beverage.
[0047] The Ganoderma lucidum and Coix seed mycelium fermentation broth is mixed with excipients, filtered, mixed evenly, and packaged to obtain a liquid beverage.
[0048] The fermented broth containing Ganoderma lucidum and Coix seed is concentrated, excipients are added, and it is packaged to obtain a paste.
[0049] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention.
[0050] The Ganoderma lucidum strains used in the following examples can be commercially purchased or cultured and preserved in-house. The Ganoderma lucidum strains used below are preserved by Changchun Shengjinno Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
[0051] Example 1
[0052] Preparation of a solid beverage containing Ganoderma lucidum and Coix seed mycelium with the function of improving human immune function:
[0053] (1) Resuscitation of Ganoderma lucidum strain: Select the preserved Ganoderma lucidum slant culture and inoculate it into PDA liquid medium for activation. The activation conditions are 26℃ and 180r / min. Cultivate for 8 days until the mycelial balls are dense, evenly distributed, and the medium is clear, and then the Ganoderma lucidum seed liquid is obtained.
[0054] (2) Preparation of basic culture medium: Weigh 4 parts glucose, 1.25 parts yeast extract, 0.3 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.2 parts magnesium sulfate, and 0.75 parts VB1, add water to make up to 1L, and dispense for use.
[0055] (3) Grind 500g of coix seed into 80 mesh. Mix the coix seed powder with the basic culture medium at a ratio of 5% to 121℃ and sterilize for 30 minutes to obtain the coix seed fermentation substrate;
[0056] (4) Add Ganoderma lucidum mycelium suspension (i.e., Ganoderma lucidum seed liquid) at an inoculation rate of 8% of the total volume of the coix seed fermentation substrate, place it in a fermentation tank and culture for 7 days at a temperature of 25℃ and an aeration rate of 0.5VVM; the stirring speed is 100rpm / min; and the pressure inside the tank is 0.04MPa. After fermentation, sterilize at 100℃ for 30 minutes, cool, and centrifuge to obtain the Ganoderma lucidum and coix seed mycelium fermentation broth;
[0057] (5) Take the fermentation liquid of Ganoderma lucidum and Coix seed, add maltodextrin as a food carrier, the mass ratio of fermentation liquid to food carrier is 1:1.2, freeze dry, obtain mixed powder, and package into 10g, which is a solid beverage.
[0058] Example 2
[0059] Preparation of a liquid beverage containing Ganoderma lucidum and Coix seed mycelium to improve human immune function:
[0060] (1) Resuscitation of Ganoderma lucidum strain: Select the preserved Ganoderma lucidum slant culture and inoculate it into PDA liquid culture for activation. The activation conditions are 28℃ and 200r / min. Culture for 7 days until the mycelial balls are dense, evenly distributed, and the culture medium is clear, and then the Ganoderma lucidum seed liquid is obtained.
[0061] (2) Preparation of basic culture medium: Weigh 5 parts glucose, 1.5 parts yeast extract, 0.5 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.3 parts magnesium sulfate, and 0.1 parts VB1, add water to make up to 1L, and dispense for use.
[0062] (3) Grind 500g of coix seed into 80 mesh. Mix the coix seed powder with the basic culture medium at a ratio of 5% to 121℃ and sterilize for 30 minutes to obtain the coix seed fermentation substrate;
[0063] (4) Add Ganoderma lucidum seed liquid at an inoculation rate of 5% of the total volume of the coix seed fermentation substrate, place it in a fermentation tank and culture for 15 days at a temperature of 30℃ and an aeration rate of 3.5VVM; the stirring speed is 250rpm / min; and the pressure inside the tank is 0.05MPa. After fermentation, sterilize at 100℃ for 30 minutes, cool, and centrifuge to obtain the Ganoderma lucidum and coix seed mycelium fermentation broth;
[0064] (5) Take the fermentation liquid of Ganoderma lucidum and Coix seed, add the food carrier maltodextrin, the mass ratio of fermentation liquid to food carrier is 1:1.2, filter, mix evenly, and dispense 25mL, which is the liquid beverage.
[0065] Comparative Example
[0066] Ganoderma lucidum and coix seed were mixed at a mass ratio of 1:1, and then the mixture was mixed with the food carrier maltodextrin at a mass ratio of 1:1.2 to obtain the Ganoderma lucidum and coix seed product, which was packaged into 10g portions.
[0067] Immunological evaluation test:
[0068] The immune function evaluation test of this invention was conducted in accordance with the experimental process of the reference (Wang Lei, Liang Feng, Zhao Hongwei, et al. Evaluation of the immunomodulatory function and safety of compound preparations containing Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides [J]. Food Industry Technology, 2024, 45(21): 338−349. doi:10.13386 / j.issn1002-0306.2023100046).
[0069] 1. Experimental grouping and treatment:
[0070] One hundred and twenty SPF-grade male Balb / c mice were selected and, after one week of acclimatization, were randomly divided into 12 groups of 10 mice each, according to their body weight.
[0071] Mice were divided into a control group, experimental group 1, experimental group 2, and experimental group 3. Each group consisted of three groups of mice. The control group received no treatment, while the experimental groups were used for the following three functional evaluations. Each group contained 10 mice.
[0072] The mice were administered the product at a dose of 0.5 g / kg of body weight. Groups 1, 2, and 3 were given the products of Example 1, Example 2 (converted to the amount of solid beverage in Example 1), and the comparative example, respectively. The control group was given an equal amount of distilled water.
[0073] 2. The content of immune function evaluation includes:
[0074] Antibody-producing cell assay to determine the number of hemolytic plaques;
[0075] The phagocytic percentage and phagocytic index of chicken red blood cells were determined by a peritoneal macrophage phagocytosis assay.
[0076] NK cell activity assay was used to determine the NK cell killing activity.
[0077] The experimental and measurement procedures were all carried out in accordance with the above-mentioned literature.
[0078] 3. Test Results:
[0079]
[0080] As shown in the table above, the product prepared according to this invention has a better effect on enhancing immunity compared to the control group and the three experimental groups. Simultaneously, the product of this invention also has the effects of protecting pancreatic β cells and improving glucose and lipid metabolism.
[0081] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.
Claims
1. A method for preparing Ganoderma lucidum and Coix seed mycelium, characterized in that, This preparation method uses Job's tears as a fermentation substrate and Ganoderma lucidum as a fermentation strain for liquid fermentation, and includes the following steps: Step 1: Inoculate the Ganoderma lucidum slant culture into PDA liquid medium for activation. The activation conditions are 25-30℃ and 150-200 r / min. Cultivate for 7-10 days until the mycelial balls are dense, evenly distributed, and the medium is clear. This yields the Ganoderma lucidum seed liquid. Step 2: Grind the Job's tears into 10-200 mesh, mix the Job's tears powder with the basic culture medium at a ratio of 1%-10% (material to liquid), sterilize, and you will get the Job's tears fermentation substrate. The basic culture medium consists of: 2-5 parts glucose, 1-1.5 parts yeast extract, 0.2-0.5 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1-0.3 parts magnesium sulfate, and 0.05-0.1 parts vitamin B1. Step 3: Add Ganoderma lucidum seed liquid at an inoculation rate of 5% to 10% of the total volume of the coix seed fermentation substrate, place it in a fermentation tank and cultivate for 7 to 15 days at a temperature of 25 to 30°C, an aeration rate of 0.5 to 3.5 VVM, a stirring speed of 100 to 250 rpm / min, and a tank pressure of 0.04 to 0.05 MPa. After fermentation, sterilize, cool, and centrifuge to obtain the Ganoderma lucidum and coix seed mycelium fermentation broth.
2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process also includes step 4: performing plate and frame solid-liquid separation and microfiltration on the fermentation broth of Ganoderma lucidum and Coix seed obtained in step 3 to obtain the filtered fermentation broth of Ganoderma lucidum and Coix seed.
3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1, the activation conditions are 26~28℃, 180~200 r / min, and incubation for 7~8 days.
4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2, the basic culture medium consists of: 4-5 parts glucose, 1.25-1.5 parts yeast extract, 0.3-0.5 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.2-0.3 parts magnesium sulfate, and 0.75-0.1 parts vitamin B1; the ratio of coix seed powder to the basic culture medium solution is 5%.
5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2, sterilization is performed at 121°C for 30 minutes.
6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 3, Ganoderma lucidum seed liquid is added at an inoculation rate of 5% to 8% of the total volume of the coix seed fermentation substrate.
7. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 3, sterilization is performed at 100°C for 30 minutes.
8. The application of a Ganoderma lucidum and Coix seed mycelium fermentation broth prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1, 3-7 in health products or food.
9. The application according to claim 8, characterized in that, The Ganoderma lucidum and Coix seed mycelium fermentation broth can be formulated into solid beverages, liquid beverages, or pastes by adding carriers and / or excipients acceptable for health products or food, or diluents.
10. The application according to claim 9, characterized in that, The fermented liquid of Ganoderma lucidum and Coix seed is mixed with excipients, freeze-dried or spray-dried to obtain a mixed powder, which is then packaged as a solid beverage. Alternatively, the aforementioned Ganoderma lucidum and Coix seed mycelium fermentation liquid can be mixed with excipients, filtered, and then dispensed to obtain a liquid beverage. Alternatively, the fermented liquid of Ganoderma lucidum and Coix seed can be concentrated, excipients added, and packaged to obtain a paste.