Rapid pile foundation positioning method based on laser

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a laser-based pile foundation rapid positioning method which comprises the following steps: S1, delimiting a pile foundation construction area; s2, setting coordinates of the two laser emitters are determined on the outer side of the construction area, and the two setting coordinates and the design coordinates of the pile foundation are required to be not in the same plumb plane; s3, two laser emitters are installed on the two set coordinates respectively; s4, determining a reference zero-degree direction; according to the two set coordinates and the design coordinates of the pile foundation, the included angles between the plumb bob laser planes emitted by the two laser emitters and the reference zero-degree direction are calculated correspondingly; and S5, the two laser emitters are started to emit two plumb bob laser surfaces correspondingly, the included angle between the plumb bob laser emitting surfaces and the reference zero-degree direction is adjusted, the intersecting line of the two plumb bob laser surfaces is obtained, and the intersecting line is the designed pile foundation position. Compared with the existing various positioning methods, the method for positioning by using the laser transmitter has the technical effects of accurate positioning and high efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building construction technology, and in particular to a laser-based method for rapid positioning of pile foundations. Background Technology

[0002] During pile foundation construction, it is necessary to frequently check and measure the position and elevation of the pile foundation. The commonly used methods are total station layout, theodolite + level layout, RTK layout, and GPS layout.

[0003] 1. Total station layout method Setting up a total station on-site to directly lay out the pile foundation points is the most accurate and reliable measurement method.

[0004] Its main drawbacks include: 1. Total stations are expensive and limited in quantity; typically only one unit is purchased per project. If many pile foundations are being constructed simultaneously, queuing for measurements can occur. 2. Requires professional surveyors to operate; the complexity of both field and office work is high, with field work generally requiring 3 to 4 people. 3. Long measurement cycle, including instrument preparation, foresight, and backsight operations, which is time-consuming. 4. Measurement results are typically obtained by driving wooden stakes into the pile center for positioning, or by setting up cross-shaped auxiliary wooden stakes around the pile center and using a line drawn across these auxiliary stakes to determine the pile center point. However, this method of using wooden stakes on the construction site is easily damaged.

[0005] 2. Theodolite + Leveling Instrument Laying-out Method The "theodolite + level" stakeout method uses a theodolite to locate the center plane coordinates of the pile foundation and a level to perform elevation measurement and stakeout. Later, total stations could perform the functions of both theodolite and level in one unit, and were gradually replaced by total stations. Like total stations, it can fully guarantee measurement accuracy. Its disadvantages, besides being essentially the same as those of total stations (points 1, 2, and 4), are even less advantageous in terms of measurement cycle. The main drawback is the need to change equipment, and after each equipment change, operations such as mirror preparation, foresight, and backsight are required, consuming more time.

[0006] 3. RTK Lofting Method RTK (Real-Time Kinematic) stakeout method involves transmitting carrier phase data collected by a base station to the user receiver for differential calculation of coordinates, thereby achieving measurement and stakeout. It includes a base station and a receiver. For open areas with low electromagnetic radiation, its measurement range is wider than the previous two methods. Operationally, the main time-consuming part is station setup; after setup, stakeout can be completed according to receiver prompts. The measurement cycle is improved compared to the previous two methods, but the overall time is still relatively long.

[0007] Its main drawbacks are basically the same as those of points 1 and 4 of the total station layout method. Other drawbacks include: 1. The base station is sensitive to electromagnetic radiation, requiring the location of the base station in an area with low electromagnetic radiation influence; it also requires that there be no or only a few obstacles between the base station and the receiver (generally, the base station is built at a high position), and the location of the base station is highly demanding. 2. The accuracy of RTK layout is lower than the previous two methods, but the deviation can be controlled within 1 to 2 centimeters, which basically meets the requirements for the accuracy of pile foundation construction.

[0008] 4. GPS stakeout method GPS stakeout method involves measuring the distance between satellites at known locations and the user's receiver, then analyzing data from multiple satellites to determine the receiver's precise location. Its main equipment is the receiver. Compared to RTK stakeout method, it eliminates the need for base stations, requiring only receiver measurements for stakeout, thus further improving efficiency.

[0009] Its main drawback is that it is greatly affected by satellite signal conditions, with significant deviations in weather conditions with thick clouds, and its accuracy fluctuates with satellite signal conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the technical problems of low measurement efficiency and low accuracy in existing pile foundation measurement and positioning methods, and to provide a laser-based rapid pile foundation positioning method.

[0011] This invention provides a laser-based rapid pile foundation positioning method, including a planar position positioning method, wherein the planar position positioning method includes: S1: Delineate the construction areas for several pile foundations; S2: Determine the first setting coordinates of the first laser emitter and the second setting coordinates of the second laser emitter outside the construction area; S3: Install the first laser emitter at the first set coordinates, and install the second laser emitter at the second set coordinates; S4: Determine the reference zero-degree direction; calculate the angle between the first plumb laser surface emitted by the first laser emitter and the reference zero-degree direction based on the first set coordinates and the design coordinates of several pile foundations. Based on the second set coordinates and the design coordinates of several pile foundations, calculate the angle between the second plumb laser surface emitted by the second laser emitter and the reference zero-degree direction. ; S5: Activate the first laser emitter at an angle The first plumb laser surface is emitted into the construction area, and the second laser emitter is activated at an angle. The second plumb laser surface is emitted into the construction area. If the first plumb laser surface and the second plumb laser surface are not coplanar, the coordinates of the intersection line between the first plumb laser surface and the second plumb laser surface are used as the construction coordinates of the pile foundation.

[0012] This invention uses two laser emitters positioned at different locations outside the pile foundation construction area. The intersection of the two plumb laser beams emitted by the two emitters is used to locate the pile foundation installation position. Specifically, the exact locations of the two laser emitters (i.e., their coordinate systems) can be arbitrarily set. First, a reference zero-degree direction needs to be specified on the geodetic coordinate system, such as due east. Then, based on the design coordinates of the pile foundation installation (obtainable from design drawings) and the set coordinates of the two laser emitters, the angle between the two plumb laser beams and the reference zero-degree direction is calculated. This angle then determines the emission direction of each plumb laser beam. Subsequently, two plumb laser surfaces are emitted from two laser emitters according to the included angle calculated above into the construction area of ​​the pile foundation. When the two plumb laser surfaces are not coplanar, the coordinates of the intersection line formed between the two plumb laser surfaces are the construction and installation coordinates of the pile foundation. During pile foundation construction, the axis of the pile foundation can be made to coincide with the intersection line between the two plumb laser surfaces, thereby realizing the positioning and installation of the pile foundation. Compared with existing positioning methods, the positioning method of this invention using laser emitters has the technical effect of precise positioning. Furthermore, the determination of the above coordinates and the calculation of the included angle can be realized by computer, which also has the technical effect of high positioning efficiency.

[0013] Preferably, in S5, if the first plumb laser surface and the second plumb laser surface are coplanar, then the first set coordinate and / or the second set coordinate are readjusted, and S3 to S5 are repeated until the first plumb laser surface and the second plumb laser surface are no longer coplanar.

[0014] When two plumb laser surfaces are coplanar, they will not intersect or form an intersection line. In this case, pile positioning cannot be achieved. Therefore, it is necessary to readjust the position of the laser emitter, i.e., set the coordinates, recalculate the emission angle of the plumb laser surfaces, and re-emit the plumb laser surfaces. Here, the coplanarity of the two plumb laser surfaces means that the first set coordinate, the second set coordinate, and the design coordinates of the pile foundation are collinear. In this case, it is necessary to reselect the first set coordinate or the second set coordinate, or adjust the first set coordinate and the second set coordinate simultaneously, so that the first set coordinate, the second set coordinate, and the design coordinates of the pile foundation are not collinear, so that an intersection line will appear after the two plumb laser surfaces are emitted.

[0015] Preferably, in step S5, before activating the first laser emitter and the second laser emitter, the step of determining whether the first plumb laser surface and the second plumb laser surface are coplanar includes: S51: Determine the design coordinates of the pile foundation as (x, y), and the first set coordinates as (x, y). A ,y A The second set coordinate is (x) B ,y B ); S52: If the design coordinates, the first set coordinates, and the second set coordinates of the pile foundation satisfy the following formula: (y B -y A (x-x) A )-(y-y A (x) B -x A )≠0; If the first plumb laser surface and the second plumb laser surface are not coplanar, then the first plumb laser surface and the second plumb laser surface are coplanar.

[0016] To determine whether two plumb bob laser surfaces are coplanar, after determining the emission angles of the two plumb bob laser surfaces, both laser emitters can be activated directly, and the coplanarity can be observed directly. Alternatively, without activating both laser emitters, the coplanarity can be determined by checking if the coordinates of the first set coordinate, the second set coordinate, and the design coordinates of the pile foundation are collinear. Specifically, the first set coordinate can be defined as (x... A ,y A The second set coordinate is determined as (x B ,y B The design coordinates of the pile foundation are determined as (x, y). If the coordinates of the three points satisfy the formula: (y B -y A (x-x) A )-(y-y A (x) B -x A If y ≠ 0, it means the coordinates of the three points are not collinear, and therefore the first and second plumb laser surfaces are not coplanar; if the coordinates of the three points satisfy the formula: (y B -y A (x-x) A )-(y-y A (x) B -x A If )=0, it means that the coordinates of the three points are collinear, and thus the first and second plumb laser surfaces are coplanar.

[0017] In addition, whether the first and second plumb laser surfaces are coplanar can also be determined by calculating the angle between the two plumb laser surfaces and the reference zero-degree direction. For the two plumb laser surfaces to be non-coplanar, three conditions must be met simultaneously: 1. Angle ≠ included angle 2. Angle and included angle 3. The angles are not complementary. and included angle The sum is not equal to 360 degrees (i.e., the included angle). and included angle (Non-conjugate angle) If any of the above three conditions is not met, the two plumb laser surfaces are coplanar, and the laser emitter's set coordinates need to be readjusted and the included angle recalculated.

[0018] Preferably, in S4, the included angle and included angle The calculation steps include: S41: Determine the design coordinates of the pile foundation as (x, y), and the first set coordinates as (x, y). A ,y A The second set coordinate is (x) B ,y B ); S42: Calculate the included angle and included angle included angle and included angle The calculation formula is: ; .

[0019] Preferably, if y < y A Then the included angle The calculation formula is: ; If y > y A And x < x A Then the included angle The calculation formula is: .

[0020] Preferably, if y < y B Then the included angle The calculation formula is: ; If y > y B And x < x B Then the included angle The calculation formula is: .

[0021] Preferably, the reference zero-degree direction includes due east.

[0022] Preferably, it further includes an elevation measurement method, the elevation measurement method comprising: C1: Erect a leveling rod at the elevation measurement location; C2: Turn on the first laser emitter or the second laser emitter, so that the first laser emitter or the second laser emitter emits a horizontal laser surface toward the tower ruler; C3: Calculate the height difference between the elevation measurement position and the horizontal laser surface based on the reading of the leveling rod. ; C4: Calculate the elevation z of the elevation measurement location based on the elevation difference.

[0023] Preferably, in C3, the elevation difference The calculation steps include: C31: Read the elevation measurement position reading H1 on the leveling rod and the horizontal laser surface reading H2 on the leveling rod, respectively; C32: Calculate the elevation difference elevation difference The calculation formula is: =H2-H1.

[0024] Preferably, in C4, the formula for calculating the elevation z of the elevation measurement location is: z=z A - ; In the formula: z A The elevation of the horizontal laser surface is given.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention provides a laser-based rapid pile foundation positioning method. The method involves setting up two laser emitters at different locations outside the pile foundation construction area. The intersection line formed between the two plumb laser surfaces emitted by the two laser emitters is used to locate the installation position of the pile foundation. Specifically, the specific positions of the two laser emitters (i.e., the set coordinates) can be arbitrarily set. First, a reference zero-degree direction needs to be specified on the geodetic coordinate system, such as due east. Then, based on the design coordinates of the pile foundation installation (obtainable from design drawings) and the set coordinates of the two laser emitters, the angle between the two plumb laser surfaces and the reference zero-degree direction is calculated. The angle then divides the two plumb laser surfaces. After determining the other emission directions, two plumb laser surfaces are emitted into the construction area of ​​the pile foundation by two laser emitters according to the included angle calculated above. When the two plumb laser surfaces are not coplanar, the coordinates of the intersection line formed between the two plumb laser surfaces are the construction and installation coordinates of the pile foundation. During pile foundation construction, the axis of the pile foundation can be made to coincide with the intersection line between the two plumb laser surfaces, thereby realizing the positioning and installation of the pile foundation. Compared with existing positioning methods, the positioning method of this invention using laser emitters has the technical effect of precise positioning. Furthermore, the determination of the above coordinates and the calculation of the included angle can be realized by computer, which also has the technical effect of high positioning efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a top view schematic diagram of the planar position positioning method of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the elevation measurement method of the present invention.

[0028] Marked in the image: 1. Pile location; 2. First laser emitter; 3. Second laser emitter; 4. First plumb line laser surface; 5. Second plumb line laser surface; 6. Pile foundation; 7. Measuring rod; 8. Horizontal laser surface; 9. Construction area. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention to the following embodiments; all technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0030] Unless otherwise specified, the use of terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "center," "inner," and "outer" to indicate orientation or positional relationships in the description of specific embodiments of the present invention is based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product / equipment / device is typically placed during use. These terms are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present invention or simplifying the description in specific embodiments, enabling those skilled in the art to quickly understand the solution, and do not indicate or imply that a particular device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0031] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal," "plumb," "suspended," and "parallel" does not imply that the corresponding device / component / element must be absolutely horizontal, plumb, suspended, or parallel, but rather that it can be slightly tilted or have a deviation. For example, "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "plumb," not that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding device / component / element, when set in a "horizontal," "plumb," "suspended," or "parallel" direction, can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction, more preferably within ±8%, more preferably within ±6%, more preferably within ±5%, and more preferably within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its function in the present invention.

[0032] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first," "second," and "third" in terminology is merely for distinguishing descriptions of identical or similar components and should not be interpreted as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of a particular component.

[0033] Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "more than", and "a number of" represent at least two. The number can be any number, such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9, and can even exceed nine.

[0034] Furthermore, in the description of the technical solution of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified / limited / restricted, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," "link," "provided with," "laid out," and "arranged" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to common connection methods in the art, such as welding, riveting, bolting, and threaded connections. Such connections can be mechanical, electrical, or communication connections; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components.

[0035] Example This embodiment provides a laser-based method for rapid positioning of pile foundations.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a top view schematic diagram of the planar position positioning method of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the elevation measurement method of the present invention.

[0037] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the laser-based rapid positioning method for pile foundation 6 in this embodiment includes a planar position positioning method, which includes the following steps: S1: Delineate the construction areas 9 for several pile foundations 6; S2: Determine the first setting coordinates of the first laser emitter 2 and the second setting coordinates of the second laser emitter 3 outside the construction area 9; S3: Install the first laser emitter 2 and the second laser emitter 3 at the first set coordinate and the second set coordinate respectively; S4: Determine the reference zero-degree direction; calculate the angle between the first plumb laser surface 4 emitted by the first laser emitter 2 and the reference zero-degree direction based on the first set coordinates, the second set coordinates, and the design coordinates of several pile foundations 6. And the angle between the second plumb laser surface 5 emitted by the second laser emitter 3 and the reference zero-degree direction. ; S5: Activate the first laser emitter 2 and the second laser emitter 3 at an angle. and included angle The first plumb laser surface 4 and the second plumb laser surface 5 are respectively emitted into the construction area 9. If the first plumb laser surface 4 and the second plumb laser surface 5 are not coplanar, the coordinates of the intersection line between the first plumb laser surface 4 and the second plumb laser surface 5 are used as the installation coordinates of the pile foundation 6.

[0038] This invention uses two laser emitters positioned at different locations outside the construction area 9 of the pile foundation 6. The installation position of the pile foundation 6 is determined by the intersection line formed between the two plumb laser surfaces emitted by the two laser emitters. Specifically, the exact positions (i.e., coordinate settings) of the two laser emitters can be arbitrarily set. First, a reference zero-degree direction needs to be specified on the geodetic coordinate system, such as due east. Then, based on the design coordinates of the pile foundation 6 installation (obtainable from design drawings) and the setting coordinates of the two laser emitters, the angle between the two plumb laser surfaces and the reference zero-degree direction is calculated. This angle determines the emission direction of each plumb laser surface. Subsequently, the two laser emitters emit two plumb laser surfaces into the construction area 9 of the pile foundation 6 according to the calculated angle. When the two plumb laser surfaces are not coplanar, the coordinates of the intersection line formed between them are the installation coordinates of the pile foundation 6 (i.e., coordinate settings). Figure 1 (Coordinates of the central pile position 1), during the construction of pile foundation 6, the axis of pile foundation 6 can be made to coincide with the intersection line between the two plumb laser surfaces, thereby realizing the positioning and installation of pile foundation 6; the positioning method of this invention using a laser emitter has the technical effect of precise positioning compared with various existing positioning methods, and the determination of the above coordinates and the calculation of the included angle can be realized by computer, which also has the technical effect of high positioning efficiency.

[0039] In this embodiment, in step S5 above, if the first plumb laser surface 4 and the second plumb laser surface 5 are coplanar, the first set coordinates and / or the second set coordinates are readjusted, and S3 to S5 are repeated until the first plumb laser surface 4 and the second plumb laser surface 5 are no longer coplanar.

[0040] When the two plumb laser surfaces are coplanar, they will not intersect, nor will there be an intersection line. In this case, the positioning of pile foundation 6 cannot be achieved. Therefore, it is necessary to readjust the position of the laser emitter, i.e., set the coordinates, recalculate the emission angle of the plumb laser surfaces, and re-emit the plumb laser surfaces. Here, the coplanarity of the two plumb laser surfaces means that the first set coordinate, the second set coordinate, and the design coordinates of pile foundation 6 are collinear. In this case, it is necessary to reselect the first set coordinate or the second set coordinate, or adjust the first set coordinate and the second set coordinate simultaneously, so that the first set coordinate, the second set coordinate, and the design coordinates of pile foundation 6 are not collinear, so that an intersection line will appear after the two plumb laser surfaces are emitted.

[0041] Specifically, the following formula can be used to determine whether the first set coordinate, the second set coordinate, and the design coordinate of pile foundation 6 are collinear: (y B -y A (x-x) A )-(y-y A (x) B -xA )≠0; Optionally, in step S5 above, before activating the first laser emitter 2 and the second laser emitter 3, the step of determining whether the first plumb laser surface 4 and the second plumb laser surface 5 are coplanar includes: S51: Determine the design coordinates of the pile foundation as (x, y), and the first set coordinates as (x, y). A ,y A The second set coordinate is (x) B ,y B ); S52: If the design coordinates, the first set coordinates, and the second set coordinates of the pile foundation satisfy the following formula: (y B -y A (x-x) A )-(y-y A (x) B -x A )≠0; Then the first plumb laser surface 4 and the second plumb laser surface 5 are not coplanar; otherwise, the first plumb laser surface 4 and the second plumb laser surface 5 are coplanar.

[0042] To determine whether two plumb bob laser surfaces are coplanar, after determining the emission angles of the two plumb bob laser surfaces, both laser emitters can be activated directly, and the coplanarity can be observed directly. Alternatively, without activating both laser emitters, the coplanarity can be determined by checking if the coordinates of the first set coordinate, the second set coordinate, and the design coordinates of the pile foundation are collinear. Specifically, the first set coordinate can be defined as (x... A ,y A The second set coordinate is determined as (x B ,y B The design coordinates of the pile foundation are determined as (x, y). If the coordinates of the three points satisfy the formula: (y B -y A (x-x) A )-(y-y A (x) B -x A If y ≠ 0, it means the coordinates of the three points are not collinear, and therefore the first and second plumb laser surfaces are not coplanar; if the coordinates of the three points satisfy the formula: (y B -y A (x-x) A )-(y-y A (x) B -x A If )=0, it means that the coordinates of the three points are collinear, and thus the first and second plumb laser surfaces are coplanar.

[0043] In addition, whether the first and second plumb laser surfaces are coplanar can also be determined by calculating the angle between the two plumb laser surfaces and the reference zero-degree direction. For the two plumb laser surfaces to be non-coplanar, three conditions must be met simultaneously: 1. Angle ≠ included angle 2. Angle and included angle 3. The angles are not complementary. and included angle The sum is not equal to 360 degrees (i.e., the included angle). and included angle (Non-conjugate angle) If any of the above three conditions is not met, the two plumb laser surfaces are coplanar, and the laser emitter's set coordinates need to be readjusted and the included angle recalculated.

[0044] In this embodiment, in step S4 above, the included angle and included angle The calculation steps include: S41: Determine the design coordinates of the pile foundation as (x, y), and set the first coordinate as (x...). A ,y A The second coordinate is set to (x) B ,y B ); S42: Calculate the included angle and included angle included angle and included angle The calculation formula is: ; .

[0045] Alternatively, if y < y A Then the included angle The calculation formula is: ; If y > y A And x < x A Then the included angle The calculation formula is: ; Of course, if y > y A And x≥x A Then the included angle The calculation formula is: .

[0046] Alternatively, if y < y B Then the included angle The calculation formula is: ; If y > y B And x < x B Then the included angle The calculation formula is: ; Of course, if y > y B And x≥x B Then the included angle The calculation formula is: .

[0047] In other words, when the relationship between the first set coordinate, the second set coordinate, and the design coordinates of the pile foundation is y < y B or y < y A When the laser emitter emits the plumb laser surface at the angle between the calculated plumb laser surface and the reference zero-degree direction, the plumb laser surface is located outside the construction area of ​​the pile foundation and cannot enter the construction area of ​​the pile foundation. At this time, it is necessary to add 180 degrees to the calculated angle so that the laser emitter emits in the opposite direction so that the plumb laser surface can enter the construction area of ​​the pile foundation.

[0048] When the relationship between the first set coordinate, the second set coordinate, and the design coordinate of the pile foundation is y > y B And x < x B , or y>y A And x < x A Although the laser emitter can project the plumb laser surface into the construction area of ​​the pile foundation according to the calculated angle between the plumb laser surface and the reference zero-degree direction, the rotation angle of the laser emitter is relatively large. By adding 360 degrees to the calculated angle, the laser emitter only needs to rotate a small angle to make the plumb laser surface reach the same emission direction.

[0049] Alternatively, the reference zero-degree direction includes due east; for example, Figure 1 The y-axis direction, i.e., the due east direction in geodetic coordinates, is taken as the reference zero-degree direction. Of course, other directions can also be selected as the reference zero-degree direction according to actual needs. This invention does not make specific limitations on this.

[0050] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, the laser-based rapid positioning method for pile foundation 6 in this embodiment also includes an elevation measurement method, which includes: C1: Erect a leveling rod 7 at the elevation measurement location; C2: Turn on the first laser emitter 2 or the second laser emitter, so that the first laser emitter 2 or the second laser emitter emits a horizontal laser surface 8 towards the tower ruler 7; C3: Calculate the height difference between the elevation measurement position and the horizontal laser surface 8 based on the reading of the leveling rod 7. ; C4: Calculate the elevation z of the elevation measurement location based on the elevation difference.

[0051] Alternatively, in step C3 above, the elevation difference The calculation steps include: C31: Read the elevation measurement position H1 on the leveling rod 7 and the horizontal laser surface 8 on the leveling rod 7 respectively; C32: Calculate elevation difference elevation difference The calculation formula is: =H2-H1.

[0052] Alternatively, in step C4 above, the formula for calculating the elevation z of the elevation measurement location is: z=z A - ; In the formula: z A The elevation of the horizontal laser surface 8.

[0053] Here, the laser emitter selected for measuring elevation can be either the first laser emitter 2 or the second laser emitter used in the planar position positioning method (e.g., Figure 2 The first laser emitter 2 is selected (although the second laser emitter can also be used). The laser emitter's location is fixed, therefore its elevation is fixed. Since the height of the prism on the laser emitter is fixed, and the horizontal laser surface 8 is emitted by reflection from the prism on the laser emitter, the elevation z of the horizontal laser surface 8 is fixed. A Fixed and can be determined in advance, for example Figure 2 The elevation measurement location is the top of pile foundation 6. Therefore, the readings of the leveling rod 7 corresponding to the top of pile foundation 6 and the leveling rod 7 corresponding to the horizontal laser surface 8 can be measured using the leveling rod 7. Thus, the elevation difference between the top of pile foundation 6 and the horizontal laser surface 8 can be calculated. Here, if the height of the top of pile 6 is lower than the height of the horizontal laser surface 8, then It is a negative number, that is <0; Similarly, if the height of the top of pile 6 is higher than the height of the horizontal laser surface 8, then It is a positive number, that is >0. The elevation z of the top of pile foundation 6 can be determined by the pre-determined elevation z of the known horizontal laser surface 8. A The height difference between the top of the pile foundation 6 and the horizontal laser surface 8, measured and calculated using the leveling rod 7. To calculate, i.e., z=z A - This allows for the measurement and determination of the elevation of the top of each pile foundation 6 or other locations requiring measurement.

[0054] In summary, this invention provides a laser-based rapid pile foundation positioning method. This invention uses two laser emitters placed at different locations outside the pile foundation construction area. The intersection line formed between the two plumb laser surfaces emitted by the two laser emitters is used to locate the installation position of the pile foundation. Specifically, the specific positions of the two laser emitters (i.e., the set coordinates) can be arbitrarily set. First, a reference zero-degree direction needs to be specified on the geodetic coordinate system, such as due east. Then, based on the design coordinates of the pile foundation installation (obtainable from design drawings) and the set coordinates of the two laser emitters, the angle between the two plumb laser surfaces and the reference zero-degree direction is calculated. The angle is then used to locate the two plumb laser surfaces. The emission directions of the laser beams are determined separately. Then, two plumb laser beams are emitted into the construction area of ​​the pile foundation by two laser emitters according to the included angle calculated above. When the two plumb laser beams are not coplanar, the coordinates of the intersection line formed between the two plumb laser beams are the construction and installation coordinates of the pile foundation. During pile foundation construction, the axis of the pile foundation can be made to coincide with the intersection line between the two plumb laser beams, thereby realizing the positioning and installation of the pile foundation. Compared with existing positioning methods, the positioning method of this invention using laser emitters has the technical effect of precise positioning. Furthermore, the determination of the above coordinates and the calculation of the included angle can be realized by computer, which also has the technical effect of high positioning efficiency.

[0055] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser-based rapid positioning method for pile foundations, characterized in that, This includes a planar position positioning method, which includes: S1: Delineate the construction areas for several pile foundations; S2: Determine the first setting coordinates of the first laser emitter and the second setting coordinates of the second laser emitter outside the construction area; S3: Install the first laser emitter at the first set coordinates, and install the second laser emitter at the second set coordinates; S4: Determine the reference zero-degree direction; calculate the angle between the first plumb laser surface emitted by the first laser emitter and the reference zero-degree direction based on the first set coordinates and the design coordinates of several pile foundations. Based on the second set coordinates and the design coordinates of several pile foundations, calculate the angle between the second plumb laser surface emitted by the second laser emitter and the reference zero-degree direction. ; S5: Activate the first laser emitter at an angle The first plumb laser surface is emitted into the construction area, and the second laser emitter is activated at an angle. The second plumb laser surface is emitted into the construction area. If the first plumb laser surface and the second plumb laser surface are not coplanar, the coordinates of the intersection line between the first plumb laser surface and the second plumb laser surface are used as the construction coordinates of the pile foundation.

2. The laser-based rapid pile foundation positioning method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S5, if the first plumb laser surface and the second plumb laser surface are coplanar, then the first set coordinate and / or the second set coordinate are readjusted, and S3~S5 are repeated until the first plumb laser surface and the second plumb laser surface are no longer coplanar.

3. The laser-based rapid pile foundation positioning method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In S5, before activating the first laser emitter and the second laser emitter, the step of determining whether the first plumb laser surface and the second plumb laser surface are coplanar includes: S51: Determine the design coordinates of the pile foundation as (x, y), and the first set coordinates as (x, y). A ,y A The second set coordinate is (x) B ,y B ); S52: If the design coordinates, the first set coordinates, and the second set coordinates of the pile foundation satisfy the following formula: (and B -and A )(x-x A )-(y-y A )(x B -x A )≠0; If the first plumb laser surface and the second plumb laser surface are not coplanar, then the first plumb laser surface and the second plumb laser surface are coplanar.

4. The laser-based rapid pile foundation positioning method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S4, the included angle and included angle The calculation steps include: S41: Determine the design coordinates of the pile foundation as (x, y), and the first set coordinates as (x, y). A ,y A The second set coordinate is (x) B ,y B ); S42: Calculate the included angle and included angle included angle and included angle The calculation formula is: ； 。 5. The laser-based rapid pile foundation positioning method according to claim 4, characterized in that, If y < y A Then the included angle The calculation formula is: ； If y > y A And x < x A Then the included angle The calculation formula is: 。 6. The laser-based rapid pile foundation positioning method according to claim 4, characterized in that, If y < y B Then the included angle The calculation formula is: ； If y > y B And x < x B Then the included angle The calculation formula is: 。 7. The laser-based rapid pile foundation positioning method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reference zero-degree direction includes due east.

8. The laser-based rapid pile foundation positioning method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, It also includes an elevation measurement method, which includes: C1: Erect a leveling rod at the elevation measurement location; C2: Turn on the first laser emitter or the second laser emitter, so that the first laser emitter or the second laser emitter emits a horizontal laser surface toward the tower ruler; C3: Calculate the height difference between the elevation measurement position and the horizontal laser surface based on the reading of the leveling rod. ; C4: Based on the aforementioned elevation difference Calculate the elevation z of the elevation measurement location.

9. The laser-based rapid pile foundation positioning method according to claim 8, characterized in that, In C3, the elevation difference The calculation steps include: C31: Read the elevation measurement position reading H1 on the leveling rod and the horizontal laser surface reading H2 on the leveling rod, respectively; C32: Calculate the elevation difference elevation difference The calculation formula is: =H2-H1。 10. The laser-based rapid pile foundation positioning method according to claim 9, characterized in that, In C4, the formula for calculating the elevation z of the elevation measurement location is: with=with A - ; In the formula: z A The elevation of the horizontal laser surface is given.

Images