Positioning welding system for building steel beam structure

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of building steel beam welding, and particularly relates to a building steel beam structure positioning and welding system which comprises a welding platform and a conveying mechanism installed on the welding platform and used for conveying steel beams, and the conveying mechanism is provided with a fixing mechanism used for clamping and positioning the steel beams to be welded. A preheating mechanism used for heating a preheating zone formed by the steel beam to be welded is arranged in the conveying direction of the conveying mechanism. A preheating zone is precisely manufactured through the preheating mechanism, when weld metal is cooled and contracted after welding, the preheating zone is synchronously cooled and contracted, reverse traction force is generated and forms internal confrontation with the weld contraction effect, meanwhile, the pre-stretching effect before welding compensates part of contraction amount, welding residual deformation is greatly counteracted through cooperation of the two, and welding quality is improved. The geometric dimension deviation of the steel beam is controlled within an allowable range, secondary procedures such as flame correction and mechanical correction are avoided, the construction period is shortened, the construction cost is reduced, and damage of correction to base metal is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of steel beam welding technology, and in particular to a structural positioning welding system for steel beams. Background Technology

[0002] In the welding and manufacturing process of structural steel beams, tack welding and formal welding are typically performed on a platform. During welding, the weld area undergoes rapid heating and cooling locally. The thermal expansion and contraction are rigidly constrained by the surrounding cold metal, resulting in significant residual tensile stress and shrinkage deformation. This deformation directly leads to deviations in the geometric dimensions of the steel beam (such as length, lateral bending, camber, etc.).

[0003] In existing steel beam welding construction, the high temperature during welding creates a significant temperature difference between the weld area and the surrounding cold metal. The thermal expansion and contraction process, constrained by the surrounding metal, generates significant residual stress, leading to problems such as beam bending and flange undulation, resulting in dimensional deviations. This issue severely affects the precise connection of subsequent high-strength bolts, causing abnormal assembly gaps and necessitating secondary processes such as flame straightening or mechanical straightening. This not only increases labor and material costs but also prolongs the construction period. Furthermore, repeated straightening can damage the base steel beam, reducing the overall structural load-bearing safety. Simultaneously, traditional preheating processes often rely on experience to set heating parameters without adjusting for the actual thickness of the weld on both sides, easily leading to uneven heating and further exacerbating deformation problems.

[0004] To address these issues, we propose a positioning and welding system for building steel beam structures. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a positioning and welding system for building steel beam structures, which more accurately solves the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: This invention proposes a positioning and welding system for building steel beams, including a welding platform and a conveying mechanism installed on the welding platform for conveying steel beams. The conveying mechanism is equipped with a fixing mechanism for clamping and positioning the steel beams to be welded. A preheating mechanism is provided along the conveying direction of the conveying mechanism for heating the steel beams to be welded to form a preheating zone. The preheating mechanism is equipped with a grinding mechanism for polishing the weld seams of the steel beams to be welded. A welding mechanism for welding the weld seams of the steel beams to be welded is mounted on the conveying mechanism. By preheating the area around the weld seams of the steel beams to be welded in advance through the preheating mechanism, a temperature stress field is formed to compensate for the cold shrinkage of the weld seams of the steel beams to be welded by the welding mechanism.

[0007] Preferably, the fixing mechanism includes a mounting plate installed on the conveying mechanism. Two support plates corresponding to the two sides of the conveying mechanism are symmetrically installed on the mounting plate. A first electric push rod is fixedly installed on one side of each of the two support plates. A first fixing plate is fixedly installed at one end of each first electric push rod. A plurality of second electric push rods are distributed on the mounting plate. A second fixing plate is fixed at one end of each second electric push rod.

[0008] Preferably, the support plate is a T-shape formed integrally from horizontal and vertical side plates, with the first electric push rod located on the horizontal side plate and the second electric push rod located on the vertical side plate.

[0009] Preferably, the preheating mechanism includes a pretreatment box mounted on the welding platform. An ultrasonic thickness gauge for thickness detection of the steel beam to be welded is installed on the upper part of the pretreatment box corresponding to the conveying mechanism. A second hydraulic cylinder is fixed inside the pretreatment box on the side away from the ultrasonic thickness gauge. A second lifting plate is installed at the output end of the second hydraulic cylinder. A preheating cover is installed at the bottom of the second lifting plate. An installation roller is installed inside the preheating cover through two top plates. A heating coil is wound on the installation roller. A heat control component for adjusting the heating area is provided inside the installation roller.

[0010] Preferably, the heat control assembly includes a pressure cylinder installed between the two top plates and corresponding to the upper part of the mounting roller. The pressure cylinder has three sliding holes. A third electric push rod slides in the first sliding hole. A first piston plate connected to the third electric push rod slides in the pressure cylinder and is connected to the top wall of the preheating hood. Piston rods are slidably installed in both the second and third sliding holes. A second piston plate that slides against the cylinder wall of the pressure cylinder is fixed at one end of each of the two piston rods facing away from each other. A vertical plate is installed at the bottom end of each of the two vertical plates for controlling the heating range of the heating coil. The two shielding plates are slidably connected to both sides of the preheating hood along its length.

[0011] Preferably, the grinding mechanism includes a first hydraulic cylinder located between the ultrasonic thickness gauge and the heat control component and connected to the preheating hood; a first lifting plate at the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder; a grinding wheel for polishing the weld seam of the steel beam to be welded is provided on the first lifting plate corresponding to the upper part of the conveying mechanism; a grinding seat is movably installed at the bottom of the first lifting plate; a grinding motor connected to the grinding wheel is installed on the grinding seat; and limiting grooves for sliding of the first lifting plate and the second lifting plate are provided on the inner walls on both sides along the width direction of the preheating hood.

[0012] Preferably, the bottom of the first lifting plate is provided with a sliding groove for the grinding seat to slide, and a fourth electric push rod connected to the grinding seat is fixed on the side wall of the sliding groove.

[0013] Preferably, a fan is fixedly mounted on the upper part of the grinding seat corresponding to the grinding motor, and the air outlet of the fan is connected to a blower nozzle through an air duct. The blowing range of the blower nozzle includes at least part of the grinding range of the grinding wheel.

[0014] Preferably, the welding mechanism includes an adjustment part installed on the gantry frame, corresponding to the upper part of the conveying mechanism, a third hydraulic cylinder movably mounted on the adjustment part, a welding torch fixedly mounted at the output end of the third hydraulic cylinder, and an integrated control device mounted on the welding platform.

[0015] A method for positioning and welding a building steel beam structure, using the aforementioned positioning and welding system for building steel beam structures, includes the following steps: S1: The steel beam to be welded is conveyed to the lower part of the preheating mechanism via the conveying mechanism; S2: The grinding mechanism polishes the weld of the steel beam to be welded, and at the same time the ultrasonic thickness gauge emits a high-frequency ultrasonic pulse to it to calculate its thickness using the speed of sound. S3: The preheating mechanism preheats the steel beam weld by creating a uniform preheating zone around the weld seam based on the thickness value obtained by the ultrasonic thickness gauge. S4: The welding torch of the welding mechanism welds the preheated weld seam, and the temperature stress field formed by preheating compensates for the cooling shrinkage stress after welding.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a positioning and welding system for building steel beam structures, which has the following advantages: This steel beam structure positioning welding system uses a grinding wheel that is raised by a first hydraulic cylinder and moved horizontally by a fourth electric push rod to achieve comprehensive polishing of the weld area, removing rust, oil, oxide layer and protruding impurities. At the same time, a blower removes polishing debris in a timely manner through a flat nozzle. This not only avoids defects such as weld cracks and porosity caused by impurities, but also makes the weld surface smooth and flat, improves the bonding strength and sealing of the weld joint, and reduces the risk of stress concentration.

[0017] This steel beam structure positioning and welding system uses an ultrasonic thickness gauge to accurately measure the thickness on both sides of the weld using high-frequency ultrasonic pulses. The accurate thickness value is calculated using sound velocity conversion, providing data support for adjusting the preheating zone range. This avoids the problems of insufficient heating of thick plates and overheating of thin plates caused by the one-size-fits-all heating method of traditional heating, ensuring that areas of different thicknesses can obtain a uniform preheating effect, thus improving the rationality of preheating from the source.

[0018] This structural steel beam positioning and welding system, based on thickness measurement results, precisely controls the effective range of the heating coil and the steel beam to be welded through the coordinated adjustment of a third electric push rod, piston plate, and shielding plate, achieving personalized adaptation of the preheating zone width. Combined with the enclosed heating design of the preheating hood, the temperature of the heating area is stabilized within the target range, forming a uniform thermal field. This ensures uniform thermal expansion of the steel beam, providing a reliable prerequisite for subsequently offsetting welding shrinkage deformation. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a positioning and welding system for a building steel beam structure proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the pretreatment box of a positioning and welding system for building steel beam structures proposed in this invention. Figure 3 This invention proposes a positioning and welding system for building steel beam structures. Figure 2 Enlarged diagram of part A in the diagram; Figure 4 This invention proposes a positioning and welding system for building steel beam structures. Figure 2 Enlarged diagram of part B in the diagram; Figure 5 This is a bottom view of the first lifting plate and grinding mechanism of a positioning and welding system for a building steel beam structure proposed in this invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the preheating mechanism of a positioning and welding system for building steel beams proposed in this invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the heat control component of a positioning and welding system for building steel beams proposed in this invention. Figure 8 This is a bottom view of the heat control component of a positioning and welding system for building steel beams proposed in this invention. Figure 9 This is an exploded structural diagram of the heat control component of a positioning welding system for building steel beams proposed in this invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Welding platform; 2. Conveying mechanism; 201. Mounting plate; 3. Support plate; 301. First electric push rod; 302. First fixed plate; 303. Second electric push rod; 304. Second fixed plate; 4. Pre-treatment box; 5. First hydraulic cylinder; 501. First lifting plate; 502. Grinding seat; 503. Grinding wheel; 504. Grinding motor; 505. Fan; 506. Air duct; 507. Air blower nozzle; 508. Slide groove; 509. Fourth electric push rod; 6. 7. Ultrasonic thickness gauge; 8. Second hydraulic cylinder; 9. Second lifting plate; 10. Preheating cover; 11. Top plate; 12. Mounting roller; 13. Heating coil; 14. Pressure cylinder; 15. Third electric push rod; 16. First piston plate; 17. Piston rod; 18. Second piston plate; 19. Vertical plate; 10. Shielding plate; 11. Gantry frame; 12. Adjustment unit; 13. Third hydraulic cylinder; 14. Welding torch; 15. Integrated control device; 16. Limiting groove. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To more clearly and completely illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Example

[0022] like Figures 1-9 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a positioning and welding system for a building steel beam structure, including a welding platform 1 and a conveying mechanism 2 installed on the welding platform 1 for conveying the steel beam. The conveying mechanism 2 is provided with a fixing mechanism for clamping and positioning the steel beam to be welded. A preheating mechanism is provided along the conveying direction of the conveying mechanism 2 for heating the steel beam to be welded to form a preheating zone. The preheating mechanism is provided with a grinding mechanism for polishing the weld of the steel beam to be welded. A welding mechanism for welding the weld of the steel beam to be welded is mounted on the conveying mechanism 2. By preheating the area around the weld of the steel beam to be welded in advance through the preheating mechanism, a temperature stress field is formed to compensate for the cold shrinkage of the weld after welding by the welding mechanism.

[0023] The fixing mechanism can fully fix the steel beam to be welded. The conveying mechanism 2 conveys the steel beam to be welded to the grinding mechanism, the preheating mechanism, and the welding mechanism in sequence. The steel beam to be welded is polished and a preheating zone is created at the weld seam of the steel beam to be welded. After preheating, the steel beam to be welded enters the bottom of the welding mechanism and is welded. After welding is completed, the cooling process begins. At this time, the weld metal cools and solidifies and shrinks violently. At the same time, the preheating zone around the weld seam also begins to cool and shrink synchronously under control. Since the central area has been pre-stretched before welding, part of its cooling shrinkage is compensated by the "pre-used stretching length".

[0024] In this invention, the fixing mechanism includes a mounting plate 201 installed on the conveying mechanism 2. Two support plates 3 are symmetrically installed on the mounting plate 201, corresponding to the two sides of the conveying mechanism 2. A first electric push rod 301 is fixedly installed on one side of each of the two support plates 3. A first fixing plate 302 is fixedly installed at one end of each of the first electric push rods 301. A plurality of second electric push rods 303 are distributed on the mounting plate 201. A second fixing plate 304 is fixedly installed at one end of each of the second electric push rods 303.

[0025] Specifically, the first electric push rod 301 drives the first fixing plate 302 to fix one side of the steel beam to be welded along its length direction. The first fixing plate 302 has two opposite plates located on both sides of the steel beam to be welded along its length direction. The second electric push rod 303 drives the second fixing plate 304 to fix both sides of the steel beam to be welded along its width direction. The second fixing plate 304 has two opposite plates located on both sides of the steel beam to be welded along its width direction, so that the welding joints of the two steel beams to be welded fit tightly together.

[0026] In this invention, the support plate 3 is a T-shaped structure formed by the integral of horizontal and vertical side plates. The first electric push rod 301 is located on the horizontal side plate, and the second electric push rod 303 is located on the vertical side plate.

[0027] There are two horizontal side plates, which are arranged opposite each other and face the two sides of the conveying mechanism 2. There are also two vertical side plates, which are arranged opposite each other, so that the second electric push rod 303 is arranged along the conveying direction of the conveying mechanism 2. Four second electric push rods 303 are used, which can effectively drive the second fixing plate 304 to fix the steel beam to be welded more firmly. This number is not limited and can be set according to actual needs.

[0028] In this invention, the preheating mechanism includes a pretreatment box 4 mounted on a welding platform 1. An ultrasonic thickness gauge 6 for thickness detection of the steel beam to be welded is installed on the upper part of the pretreatment box 4 corresponding to the conveying mechanism 2. A second hydraulic cylinder 7 is fixed inside the pretreatment box 4 on the side away from the ultrasonic thickness gauge 6. A second lifting plate 701 is installed at the output end of the second hydraulic cylinder 7. A preheating cover 702 is installed at the bottom of the second lifting plate 701. An installation roller 704 is installed inside the preheating cover 702 through two top plates 703. A heating coil 705 is wound on the installation roller 704. A heat control component for adjusting the heating area is provided inside the installation roller 704.

[0029] The ultrasonic thickness gauge 6 emits a high-frequency ultrasonic pulse towards the steel beam to be welded, measuring the time it takes for the beam to travel back and forth between the upper and lower surfaces of the material once. The thickness is calculated directly using the speed of sound. The ultrasonic thickness gauge 6 is equipped with a first laser displacement sensor that is connected to the integrated control device 9. When the first laser displacement sensor senses that the steel beam to be welded is directly below it, it sends a signal to the integrated control device 9. The integrated control device 9 then sends a stop command to the conveying mechanism 2, thereby achieving the positioning effect. A second laser displacement sensor is correspondingly installed at the bottom of the preheating cover 702. When the second laser displacement sensor is directly below the preheating cover 702, the positioning method is as described above. The ultrasonic thickness gauge 6 is model BTY-7, the integrated control device 9 is model MCC95-08I01B, and the laser displacement sensor is model LK-G5000.

[0030] In this invention, the heat control assembly includes a pressure cylinder 706 installed between two top plates 703 and corresponding to the upper part of the mounting roller 704. The pressure cylinder 706 has three sliding holes. A third electric push rod 707 slides in the first sliding hole. A first piston plate 708 connected to the third electric push rod 707 slides in the pressure cylinder 706. The third electric push rod 707 is connected to the top wall of the preheating cover 702. Piston rods 709 are slidably installed in both the second and third sliding holes. A second piston plate 710 that slides against the cylinder wall of the pressure cylinder 706 is fixed at one end of each of the two piston rods 709. A vertical plate 711 is installed at one end of each of the two piston rods 709 that is opposite to each other. A shielding plate 712 for controlling the heating range of the heating coil 705 is fixed at the bottom of each of the two vertical plates 711. The two shielding plates 712 are slidably connected to both sides of the preheating cover 702 in the length direction.

[0031] The third electric push rod 707 can measure the thickness value using the ultrasonic thickness gauge 6 and transmit the data value to the integrated controller device. Based on the thickness value, the integrated controller device sends a signal to the third electric push rod 707, thereby adjusting the area of ​​the heating coil 705 in the preheating zone of the steel beam to be welded. For example, when expanding the heating range of the heating coil 705, the third electric push rod 707 drives the first piston plate 708 to apply pressure to the pressure cylinder 706. The pressure causes the two second piston plates 710 to move away from each other. The two second piston plates 710 drive the vertical plate 711 to move away from each other through the piston rod 709, and also drive the shielding plate 712 to move away from each other, thereby expanding the heating range between the heating coil 705 and the steel beam to be welded. When the heating range of the heating coil 705 is reduced, the above operation is repeated in reverse. It is noted that the openings of the three sliding holes are respectively equipped with sealing rings to ensure the sealing of the pressure cylinder 706.

[0032] In this invention, the grinding mechanism includes a first hydraulic cylinder 5 located between the ultrasonic thickness gauge 6 and the heat control component and connected to the preheating cover 702. The output end of the first hydraulic cylinder 5 is a first lifting plate 501. A grinding wheel 503 for polishing the weld seam of the steel beam to be welded is provided on the first lifting plate 501 corresponding to the upper part of the conveying mechanism 2. A grinding seat 502 is movably installed at the bottom of the first lifting plate 501. A grinding motor 504 connected to the grinding wheel 503 is installed on the grinding seat 502. Limiting grooves 10 for sliding of the first lifting plate 501 and the second lifting plate 701 are provided on the inner walls of both sides along the width direction of the preheating cover 702.

[0033] When the grinding wheel 503 comes into contact with the weld of the steel beam to be welded, the grinding motor 504 starts and drives the grinding wheel 503 to polish the weld of the steel beam to be welded; the setting of the limiting groove 10 enables the first lifting plate 501 and the second lifting plate 701 to move up or down to achieve the limiting effect, so that they maintain vertical movement.

[0034] In this invention, the bottom of the first lifting plate 501 is provided with a sliding groove 508 for the grinding seat 502 to slide, and a fourth electric push rod 509 connected to the grinding seat 502 is fixed on the side wall of the sliding groove 508.

[0035] Among them, the fourth electric push rod 509 drives the grinding seat 502 to move along the track of the slide groove 508, which ensures the horizontal movement of the grinding seat 502.

[0036] In this invention, a fan 505 is fixedly mounted on the upper part of the grinding seat 502 corresponding to the grinding motor 504. The air outlet of the fan 505 is connected to a blower nozzle 507 through an air duct 506. The blowing range of the blower nozzle 507 includes at least part of the grinding range of the grinding wheel 503.

[0037] The blower 505 is started, and airflow is delivered to the blower nozzle 507 through the air duct 506, and the polishing debris is blown away to avoid affecting the subsequent welding.

[0038] In this invention, the welding mechanism includes an adjustment part 801 installed on the gantry frame 8, corresponding to the upper part of the conveying mechanism 2, a third hydraulic cylinder 802 movably installed on the adjustment part 801, a welding torch 803 fixedly installed at the output end of the third hydraulic cylinder 802, and an integrated control device 9 installed on the welding platform 1.

[0039] The adjustment unit 801 can move and adjust the third hydraulic cylinder 802 so that it is above the steel beam to be welded. The third hydraulic cylinder 802 drives the welding gun 803 to move downward to weld the weld seam of the steel beam to be welded. This adjustment unit 801 can be adjusted by means of lead screw drive, which is a conventional logic technology in this field, so it will not be described in detail.

[0040] A method for positioning and welding a building steel beam structure, using the aforementioned positioning and welding system for building steel beam structures, includes the following steps: S1: The steel beam to be welded is conveyed to the lower part of the preheating mechanism via the conveying mechanism 2; S2: The grinding mechanism polishes the weld of the steel beam to be welded, while the ultrasonic thickness gauge 6 emits a high-frequency ultrasonic pulse to it and calculates its thickness using the speed of sound. S3: The preheating mechanism creates a uniform preheating zone around the weld of the steel beam to be welded based on the thickness value obtained by the ultrasonic thickness gauge 6. S4: The welding torch 803 of the welding mechanism welds the preheated weld seam. The temperature stress field formed by preheating compensates for the cooling shrinkage stress after welding.

[0041] Working principle: First, the steel beam to be welded is placed on the mounting plate between two second fixed plates. The integrated controller operates, causing the first and second electric push rods to drive the first and second fixed plates respectively to clamp and fix the steel beam around its perimeter. The steel beam is then conveyed to the mounting plate via a conveying mechanism. When the steel beam enters the preheating hood and is positioned below the grinding wheel, the first hydraulic cylinder drives the first lifting plate and grinding seat downwards, bringing the grinding wheel into contact with the weld seam of the steel beam. The grinding motor starts, driving the grinding wheel to polish the weld seam of the steel beam. During this process, the fourth electric push rod can drive the grinding seat... As the chute moves, the grinding wheel moves to fully polish the weld seam of the steel beam to be welded. Simultaneously, the fan starts, delivering airflow through the air duct to the blower nozzle and blowing away polishing debris to avoid affecting subsequent welding. When the steel beam passes the ultrasonic thickness gauge, the gauge emits a high-frequency ultrasonic pulse towards the beam, measuring the time it takes for the pulse to travel back and forth between the upper and lower surfaces of the material. The thickness is calculated directly using the velocity of sound. The conveying mechanism then transports the steel beam to be welded below the mounting rollers. The second hydraulic cylinder pushes the second lifting plate and preheating hood downwards, bringing the heating coil closer to the steel beam for heating. The thickness is then calculated based on the readings from the ultrasonic thickness gauge. The thickness value is determined by the retraction or extension of the third electric push rod, which moves the first piston plate upward or downward, thus increasing the pressure on the pressure cylinder. This causes the two second piston plates to move away from or towards each other, and through the two piston rods and two vertical plates, the two shielding plates move away from or towards each other. Adjustments are made based on the obtained thickness value to isolate the area between the heating coil and the steel beam to be welded, thereby precisely controlling the preheating range of the steel beam and ensuring uniform preheating. After preheating, the conveying mechanism transports the steel beam to be welded to the bottom of the gantry. The adjustment unit can move and adjust the third hydraulic cylinder to position it above the steel beam to be welded. The cylinder drives the welding torch downwards to weld the steel beam to be welded. After welding, it enters the cooling process. At this time, the weld metal cools and solidifies, accompanied by violent shrinkage. At the same time, the preheating zone around the weld also begins to cool and shrink synchronously under control. Since the central area has been pre-stretched before welding, part of its cooling shrinkage is compensated by the "pre-used stretching length". More importantly, when the preheating zones on both sides cool and shrink, they generate a pulling force on the welded area that is opposite to its own shrinkage direction. This shrinkage pulling effect and the cooling shrinkage effect of the weld form an opposition in the component, and finally, most of the deformation of the two cancels each other out.

[0042] Finally, it should be noted that the basic concepts have been described above. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, the detailed disclosure above is merely illustrative and does not constitute a limitation of this specification. Although not explicitly stated herein, those skilled in the art may make various modifications, improvements, and corrections to this specification. Such modifications, improvements, and corrections are suggested in this specification, and therefore remain within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of this specification. Furthermore, this specification uses specific terms to describe embodiments of this specification. For example, "an embodiment," "one embodiment," and / or "some embodiments" refer to a feature, structure, or characteristic associated with at least one embodiment of this specification. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that "an embodiment," "one embodiment," or "an alternative embodiment" mentioned twice or more in different locations in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, certain features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments of this specification can be appropriately combined. Moreover, unless expressly stated in the claims, the order of processing elements and sequences, the use of numbers and letters, or other names described in this specification are not intended to limit the order of the processes and methods of this specification.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for the positioning and welding of a steel beam structure in a building, comprising a welding platform and a transport mechanism mounted on the welding platform for transporting a steel beam, characterized in that, The conveying mechanism is provided with a fixing mechanism for clamping and positioning the steel beam to be welded, a preheating mechanism for heating the steel beam to be welded along the conveying direction of the conveying mechanism, a polishing mechanism for polishing the weld of the steel beam to be welded in the preheating mechanism, and a welding mechanism for welding the weld of the steel beam to be welded on the conveying mechanism. The preheating mechanism preheats the weld of the steel beam to be welded to form a temperature stress field to compensate for the cold shrinkage of the weld of the steel beam to be welded after welding by the welding mechanism.

2. A system for tack welding a building steel beam structure as defined in claim 1, wherein The fixing mechanism comprises a mounting plate mounted on the conveying mechanism, two branch plates symmetrically mounted on the mounting plate corresponding to both sides of the conveying mechanism, a first electric push rod fixedly mounted on the opposite side of each of the two branch plates, and a first fixing plate fixedly mounted on one end of the first electric push rod. A plurality of second electric push rods are distributed on the mounting plate, and a second fixing plate is fixedly arranged on one end of the second electric push rod.

3. A system for the positioning and welding of a structural steel beam in a building according to claim 2, wherein, The branch plate is a T-shaped plate formed by a horizontal side plate and a vertical side plate, the first electric push rod is located on the horizontal side plate, and the second electric push rod is located on the vertical side plate.

4. A system for tack welding a building steel beam structure as defined in claim 1, wherein, The preheating mechanism comprises a pretreatment box erected on the welding platform, an ultrasonic thickness gauge for detecting the thickness of the steel beam to be welded is mounted on the upper part of the conveying mechanism corresponding to the pretreatment box, a second hydraulic cylinder is fixedly arranged in the pretreatment box away from the ultrasonic thickness gauge, a second lifting plate is mounted on the output end of the second hydraulic cylinder, a preheating cover is mounted on the bottom of the second lifting plate, an installation roller is mounted in the preheating cover through two top plates, a heating coil is wound on the installation roller, and a heat control assembly for adjusting the heating area is arranged in the installation roller.

5. A system for the positioning and welding of a building steel beam structure according to claim 4, characterized in that The heat control assembly comprises a pressure cylinder mounted between the two top plates and corresponding to the upper part of the installation roller, three sliding holes are formed in the pressure cylinder, a third electric push rod is slidably arranged in the first sliding hole, a first piston plate connected with the third electric push rod is slidably arranged in the pressure cylinder, the third electric push rod is connected with the top wall of the preheating cover, a piston rod is slidably arranged in the second sliding hole and the third sliding hole, a second piston plate slidably arranged with the cylinder wall of the pressure cylinder is fixedly arranged on the opposite end of each of the two piston rods, a vertical plate is mounted on the end of each of the two piston rods away from each other, a shielding plate for shielding and controlling the heating range of the heating coil is fixedly arranged on the bottom end of each of the two vertical plates, and the two shielding plates are slidably connected with the two sides of the preheating cover in the length direction, respectively.

6. A system for the positioning and welding of a building steel beam structure according to claim 5, characterized in that The polishing mechanism comprises a first hydraulic cylinder connected with the preheating cover between the ultrasonic thickness gauge and the heat control assembly, a first lifting plate on the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder, a polishing wheel for polishing the weld of the steel beam to be welded arranged on the upper part of the conveying mechanism corresponding to the first lifting plate, a polishing seat movably mounted on the bottom of the first lifting plate, a polishing motor connected with the polishing wheel mounted on the polishing seat, and a limiting groove for the first lifting plate and the second lifting plate slidably arranged on the inner wall of the preheating cover in the width direction.

7. A system for the positioning and welding of a building steel beam structure according to claim 6, characterized in that The bottom of the first lifting plate is provided with a sliding groove for the sliding of the polishing seat, and a fourth electric push rod connected with the polishing seat is fixed on the side wall of the sliding groove.

8. A system for tack welding a building steel beam structure as defined in claim 6, wherein, The polishing seat is correspondingly provided with a fan on the upper part of the polishing motor, and the air outlet of the fan is communicated with a blowing flat nozzle through an air pipe, and the blowing range of the blowing flat nozzle at least includes part of the polishing range of the polishing wheel.

9. The system for tack welding of a structural steel beam of claim 1, wherein, The welding mechanism includes a gantry installed on the gantry, and an adjusting part corresponding to the upper part of the conveying mechanism is installed on the gantry, a third hydraulic cylinder is movably arranged on the adjusting part, and a welding gun is fixedly arranged on the output end of the third hydraulic cylinder.

10. A method of tack welding a steel beam structure, using a system for tack welding a steel beam structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1: conveying the steel beam to be welded to the lower part of the preheating mechanism through the conveying mechanism; S2: the polishing mechanism polishes the weld of the steel beam to be welded, while the ultrasonic thickness gauge emits a beam of high-frequency ultrasonic pulses, and the thickness is calculated by using the speed of sound; S3: the preheating mechanism preheats a uniform preheating zone around the weld of the steel beam to be welded according to the thickness value obtained by the ultrasonic thickness gauge; S4: the welding gun of the welding mechanism welds the preheated weld, and the temperature stress field formed by preheating compensates for the shrinkage stress after welding.

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