Modularized dynamic friction test device and test method

Abstract

According to the modularized dynamic friction test device and method, key test pieces such as a friction ring support, a shifting wheel and a friction ring in the device are all designed to be independent detachable modules with standard interfaces, rapid replacement is achieved through connection modes such as bayonets, the use number of actual product parts is greatly reduced, and the test efficiency is improved. And the processing cost and period are reduced. Besides, the friction ring is of a stepped shaft type positioning and pressing structure, unified reference positioning is achieved through a stepped hole and a standard connecting piece, re-centering is not needed after replacement, and repeatability and reliability of test data are guaranteed. The device is simplified in overall structure, convenient to operate and suitable for tribological performance testing in the fields of solid material surface engineering, coating technologies and the like.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of tribological test equipment and material performance testing, and particularly relates to a modular dynamic friction test device and a test method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the fields of solid material surface engineering, coating technology and performance evaluation of mechanical part contact interfaces, it is crucial to quantitatively test the tribological characteristics of the material surface or its modified layer (such as coating, plating, heat treatment layer, etc.). By simulating specific working conditions (such as load, speed, environmental medium, etc.), key friction performance parameters of the material can be obtained, such as friction coefficient, wear resistance and anti-sticking performance, thereby providing test basis for material selection, surface treatment process optimization and product reliability design.

[0003] Currently, for the friction performance verification of new materials or new coating technologies, a method of directly applying them to actual product structural parts and testing in the product whole machine operation is generally used. This method first needs to complete the manufacturing of test parts, including the machining of individual parts, the welding assembly between multiple parts, and the secondary machining treatment of part of the structure of the welded parts. Taking a friction sample column on a product as an example, it needs to move along a serpentine irregular path in the product, which puts high requirements on the machining equipment and precision. In addition, since the friction sample column needs to be supported by at least two points, multiple parts need to be welded into a movement path assembly with a support structure in the actual product, and the friction sample column needs to rely on multiple transmission wheels to move in the serpentine path, and the power needs to be transmitted between the transmission wheels through gears, resulting in a complex transmission system structure, high cost, long processing cycle and difficult process.

[0004] Since the test piece structure is the same as the actual product structure, the test piece needs to be installed in the actual product during verification. The actual product is usually composed of multiple components to form a complex system, and the whole machine assembly and debugging consume a lot of manpower and material resources, with high time cost and great operation difficulty, further increasing the overall complexity and economic burden of the test.

[0005] In addition, when the whole machine verification is carried out in the actual product, the entire system of the product needs to be started to cooperate with the operation of the test piece. The non-verification components as accompanying test pieces are forced to participate in the test, resulting in unnecessary life consumption of these components during the test, and even early scrap. This not only increases the additional cost of the test, but also significantly increases the cost and reduces the efficiency of the entire verification process. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application aims to solve the problems of high cost, long cycle, complex process and serious loss of accompanying test pieces in the existing dynamic friction test technology, and provides a modular dynamic friction test device and test method. The device of the present application adopts a modular and quickly replaceable structure design, and the key test pieces such as friction ring support, friction disc assembly, driving wheel, friction ring and the like are designed as independent detachable modules with standard interfaces (such as bayonet structure). This design can realize quick replacement of different new materials or coating samples, significantly reduce the dependence on actual product structure parts, avoid high cost and long cycle caused by repeated machining of complex product parts, thereby improving the test efficiency and enhancing the universality and economy of the device.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a modular dynamic friction test device, comprising: a mounting base assembly, a friction ring, a friction disc assembly, a transmission shaft, a driving wheel, a height adjustment assembly and a motor;

[0008] The mounting base assembly comprises a bottom plate and a friction ring support and a motor support fixed at both ends thereof, respectively;

[0009] At least one friction ring is provided, which is detachably mounted on the friction ring support;

[0010] One end of the transmission shaft is rotatably supported on the friction ring support, and the other end is rotatably supported on the friction disc assembly; the transmission shaft is drivingly connected with the output shaft of the motor;

[0011] The friction disc assembly is detachably mounted on the friction ring support and located on one side of the friction ring in the axial direction, and the friction disc assembly is coaxially connected with the transmission shaft;

[0012] The friction sample column is arranged along the axial direction of the friction disc assembly, one end of which is rotatably mounted in the friction disc assembly, and the other end is a free end;

[0013] The driving wheel is coaxially mounted on the transmission shaft through a detachable circumferential fixing structure, and a plurality of radial impellers are arranged on the outer walls of both ends of the driving wheel, respectively; the impellers facing away from the friction disc assembly are in contact with the free end of the friction sample column for supporting and driving the friction sample column; the outer contour of the impeller is configured to convert the rotary motion of the transmission shaft into periodic motion of the friction sample column when the outer contour of the impeller is in contact with the outer wall of the friction sample column, so that the friction sample column is in contact with the friction disc assembly, the transmission shaft and the driving wheel for friction test;

[0014] The height adjustment assembly is arranged between the motor support and the bottom plate and / or between the friction ring support and the bottom plate, and is used for fine adjustment of the height of the axis of the output shaft of the motor and the transmission shaft, so that the axes of the two are aligned.

[0015] Furthermore, the friction disc assembly includes a friction disc, a pressure block, and clamping bolts. The friction disc has an opening slot formed radially therein for assembling a friction sample post into the interior of the friction disc from the radial side; the friction sample post is arranged axially along the friction disc after assembly.

[0016] The pressure block has a mating part that matches the shape of the opening groove, and the mating part can be inserted into the opening groove;

[0017] The clamping bolt passes through the pressure block and is screwed into the friction disc to secure the pressure block to the friction disc;

[0018] The pressure block and the friction disc, when assembled, together form a closed annular slide rail, which is used to constrain the axial displacement and circumferential movement of the friction sample column.

[0019] Furthermore, the friction sample column has a groove on its side wall near its end, the inner wall of the friction disk has a first protrusion that extends upward and mates with the groove, and the lower end of the pressure block has a second protrusion that extends downward and mates with the groove.

[0020] The first and second protrusions engage with the groove to limit the friction sample column in the axial and radial directions, and to allow the friction sample column to rotate under the action of the actuating wheel.

[0021] Furthermore, the opening groove of the friction disc is a V-shaped opening groove.

[0022] Furthermore, there are two friction rings, which are detachably mounted on two coaxially arranged vertical plates of the friction ring bracket via connectors.

[0023] Furthermore, it also includes a support rod, one end of which is detachably mounted on the first outer vertical plate of the friction ring bracket, and the other end of which is connected to the first inner vertical plate where the first friction ring is provided, and cooperates with the small bearing in the first inner vertical plate;

[0024] The friction disc assembly is mounted on the second outer vertical plate of the friction ring bracket; the second friction ring is mounted on the second inner vertical plate located between the first inner vertical plate and the second outer vertical plate; it also includes a large bearing bush, which is coaxially sleeved inside the friction disc assembly; the drive shaft passes through the second friction ring, and its two ends are supported on the small bearing bush and the large bearing bush, respectively.

[0025] Furthermore, the friction ring, friction disc assembly, actuating wheel, and support rod are all standard modular components that can be replaced independently.

[0026] Furthermore, it also includes a positioning pin assembly, which includes a bracket positioning pin disposed between the motor bracket and the base plate and / or between the friction ring bracket and the base plate, for achieving precise and repeatable positioning of each component after the axis of the motor output shaft is aligned with the axis of the transmission shaft.

[0027] Furthermore, the height adjustment assembly includes multiple motor support bolts located below the motor bracket, each motor support bolt being screwed into a threaded hole in the base plate and locked in place by a motor support bolt lock nut;

[0028] The height adjustment assembly also includes an adjustment shim disposed between the friction ring bracket and the base plate.

[0029] The present invention also provides a test method using the above-described modular dynamic friction test apparatus; the test method includes the following steps:

[0030] Step 1: According to the test requirements, select a friction ring, actuating wheel and / or friction disc assembly with a specific material or surface coating as the test piece assembly, and install it on the friction ring bracket;

[0031] Step 2: Install one end of the friction sample column onto the friction disk assembly, and support the other end on the impeller of the actuating wheel;

[0032] Step 3: Adjust the height adjustment component to precisely align the motor output shaft with the transmission shaft of the friction ring, and then start the motor for no-load running-in;

[0033] Step 4: After running-in under no-load conditions, conduct a friction test under preset operating conditions;

[0034] Step 5: After the test is completed, disassemble the test piece assembly and friction sample column, observe and record the surface damage of the test piece assembly;

[0035] Step 6: Replace the test piece components with different materials and / or coatings, and repeat steps 1-5 to conduct comparative tests.

[0036] The advantages of this invention are:

[0037] 1. This invention adopts a modular and quickly replaceable structural design. Key test components such as the friction ring bracket, support rod, friction disc assembly, actuating wheel, and friction ring are all designed as independent, detachable, standardized modules, connected via standard interfaces such as bayonets. This design enables rapid replacement of test components for different new materials or coatings, while significantly reducing the number of actual product parts used. This effectively reduces the high costs and long lead times caused by repeatedly processing actual product parts, significantly improving testing efficiency and equipment versatility.

[0038] 2. The testing device provided by this invention has a compact overall structure and small size, and the operation steps are greatly simplified. It can quickly adapt to test pieces of different specifications without relying on a complete physical product structure and a complex environmental simulation system, thereby reducing the difficulty of constructing test conditions and shortening the system preparation cycle; and avoiding the loss of test parts. Specific implementation results show that: the preparation time for test pieces is shortened from three months to one month; the number of parts involved in the test is reduced from hundreds to thirty-four, significantly reducing the workload of part preparation and management; in the test assembly stage, the precision assembly of hundreds of parts that originally required skilled technicians can now be completed by general operators with simple assembly of thirty-four parts, greatly reducing assembly time and technical threshold, and improving test efficiency and operability.

[0039] 3. In this invention, the friction ring adopts a stepped shaft positioning and clamping structure. This structure achieves radial positioning and axial limiting through the stepped holes on the upright plate of the friction ring bracket, and then applies clamping force from the other side through standard connectors, thereby ensuring that all replaceable friction rings have a uniform positioning reference. This design allows the relative positional accuracy of the friction pair to be maintained without re-alignment after replacing the friction ring, significantly simplifying the operation process and effectively improving the repeatability and reliability of test data.

[0040] 4. By adjusting the synergistic effect of the shims and the motor height adjustment assembly, and combined with the final fixation of the positioning pins, this invention achieves precise and repeatable alignment between the drive shaft and the friction disc assembly axis, effectively ensuring the accuracy of test data and the reliability of the device's operation.

[0041] 5. By adopting a replaceable split-type friction disk assembly, this invention can effectively adapt to the test requirements of friction sample columns with complex surface features such as grooves. The installation and replacement operations are simple, which significantly expands the test application range of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0042] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0043] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the modular dynamic friction testing device of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the friction pair assembly and the friction sample clamping mechanism in this invention;

[0045] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A sectional view;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a front sectional view of the modular dynamic friction testing device of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5 This is a partially enlarged sectional view of the cooperation between the support rod, small bearing, drive shaft, actuating wheel, and large bearing in this invention;

[0048] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the friction disk assembly in this invention;

[0049] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Cross-sectional view along the axis of the friction sample column;

[0050] In the diagram: 1-Base plate nut, 2-Base plate flat washer, 3-Base plate spring washer, 4-Lifting ring, 5-Support rod, 6-Small bearing, 7-Connecting bolt, 8-Connecting flat washer, 9-Connecting spring washer, 10-Connecting nut, 11-Friction ring bracket, 1101-Top plate, 1102-First outer vertical plate, 1103-First inner vertical plate, 1104-Second inner vertical plate, 1105-Second outer vertical plate, 12-Friction disc assembly, 13-Friction disc pressure strip, 14-Bolt, 15-Motor bracket, 16-Motor, 17-Motor support 18-Motor support bolt, 19-Motor support washer, 20-Bracket bolt, 21-Bracket flat washer, 22-Bracket spring washer, 23-Bracket positioning pin, 24-Drive shaft, 25-Large bearing, 26-Actuating wheel, 27-Friction ring clamping plate, 28-Friction ring, 29-Adjusting shim, 30-Base plate, 31-Base plate bolt, 32-Friction disc, 3201-First protrusion, 33-Pressure block, 3301-Second protrusion, 34-Clamping bolt, 35-Friction template, 3501-Slot. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. These embodiments are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0052] Reference Figure 1 -and Figure 2 This embodiment provides a modular dynamic friction testing device, including a mounting base assembly, a friction pair assembly, a friction sample clamping mechanism, and an electric drive assembly. Its core lies in constructing a modular, dedicated testing platform independent of the actual product, used for efficient and accurate quantitative evaluation of the tribological properties of materials or their surface modification layers under simulated working conditions, such as the coefficient of friction, wear resistance, and anti-adhesion properties. Wherein:

[0053] Mounting Base Components: The mounting base components include a long rectangular base plate 30 and a friction ring bracket 11. The base plate 30 serves as the mounting foundation for the entire device. At one end of the base plate 30 along its length, the friction ring bracket 11 is fixedly mounted using a first connecting member consisting of bracket bolts 20, bracket flat washers 21, and bracket spring washers 22. A pin hole is drilled at the mounting position of the friction ring bracket for positioning it using two or more bracket positioning pins 23. At the other end of the base plate 30 along its length, a motor bracket 15 is also fixedly mounted using a first connecting member consisting of bracket bolts 20, bracket flat washers 21, and bracket spring washers 22. A pin hole is also drilled at the mounting position of the friction ring bracket for positioning it using two or more bracket positioning pins 23. To facilitate the handling of this modular dynamic friction testing device, four lifting rings 4 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the top of the base plate 30. The lifting rings 4 are screwed into the threaded holes of the base plate 30 via threaded connections. To ensure the modular dynamic friction test device is securely installed on the test bench, multiple sets of clamping and fixing components are provided at both ends of the base plate 30. Each set of clamping and fixing components includes a base plate nut 1, a base plate flat washer 2, a base plate spring washer 3, and a base plate bolt 31.

[0054] The friction ring bracket 11 is the core load-bearing component of the friction pair assembly, including a top plate 1101 and multiple vertically arranged upright plates, the tops of which are engaged with the top plate. In this embodiment, the friction ring bracket includes, from left to right, a first outer upright plate 1102, a first inner upright plate 1103, a second inner upright plate 1104, and a second outer upright plate 1105.

[0055] Friction Pair Assembly: To test surface friction at different locations, this embodiment uses two friction rings 28 (or multiple inner plates and friction rings mating with them, depending on test requirements). Mounting holes are coaxially formed on the first inner plate 1103 and the second inner plate 1104 of the friction ring bracket 11. A second connecting member, consisting of connecting bolts 7, connecting flat washers 8, connecting spring washers 9, connecting nuts 10, and a friction ring clamping plate 27, detachably clamps and fixes one friction ring 28 in the mounting hole of the plate. Specifically, the friction ring 28 is a two-stage rotating body structure with a shoulder, and each plate of the friction ring bracket 11 has corresponding stepped holes. During installation, the end face of the friction ring 28 contacts the stepped surface inside the stepped hole of the inner vertical plate. The stepped surface (or shoulder) of the friction ring is tightly pressed against the end face of the inner vertical plate. The friction ring 28 is axially pressed from its end face by connecting bolts 7, connecting flat washers 8, connecting spring washers 9, connecting nuts 10, and the friction ring clamping plate 27, achieving axial positioning of the friction ring. Furthermore, the outer circular surface of the friction ring 28 and the stepped hole on the inner vertical plate use a clearance or transition fit to ensure that the central axis of the friction ring coincides with the central axis of the mounting hole, thus achieving radial positioning and ensuring the parallelism and center distance between the friction ring and the drive shaft 24. This ensures that the spatial position of its working surface is unique and repeatable after each friction ring replacement, eliminating the need for re-alignment and guaranteeing the consistency of test data. The friction ring 28 can be replaced according to the material and surface condition (such as coating) required for the test, reflecting one of the modular design concepts of this invention.

[0056] On the axis of friction ring 28, the transmission components are arranged as follows: On the first outer vertical plate of friction ring bracket 11 away from the motor, one end of support rod 5 is detachably connected by a threaded structure. The other end of support rod 5 has a shoulder and is nested in the stepped center hole of the first friction ring. A small bearing 6 is coaxially mounted in the inner hole of the other end of support rod 5. The second friction ring is installed in the mounting hole of the second inner vertical plate 1104. On the second outer vertical plate of friction ring bracket 11 near the motor, a friction disc assembly 12 is installed. A large bearing 25 is coaxially mounted in the friction disc assembly 12. A transmission shaft 24 passes through the second friction ring installed on the second inner vertical plate 1104. Its left end is supported in the inner hole of the small bearing 6, and its right end is supported in the inner hole of the large bearing 25. The inner holes of the small bearing 6 and the large bearing 25 are installed with the outer wall of the transmission shaft 24 using a clearance or transition fit method. The actuating wheel 26 is mounted on the drive shaft 24 through its central through-hole with a clearance fit or transition fit, and is connected to the outer wall of the drive shaft 24 by a detachable circumferential fixing structure (such as a flat key or spline), enabling synchronous rotation of the two. The axis of the actuating wheel 26 coincides with the axis of the drive shaft 24, and its left axial end face abuts against the right end face of the support rod 5, while its right end face abuts against the left end face of the friction disc assembly, thereby achieving axial positioning of the actuating wheel. At the same time, the inner stepped surface of the actuating wheel 26 cooperates with the outer stepped structure of the drive shaft, further positioning under axial clamping action, ensuring that the actuating wheel is stable in position and does not experience axial movement during transmission. In this embodiment, multiple radially protruding impellers are respectively provided on the outer wall of the left end of the actuating wheel 26 and the outer wall near its right end; and the impeller at the left end is close to the first inner vertical plate 1103 of the friction ring bracket 11, and the impeller at the right end is close to the second outer vertical plate 1105. Both impellers are used to actuate the friction sample column 35 (the friction sample column 35 is the test piece for the dynamic friction test in this embodiment). The outer contour of the actuating wheel 26 is configured according to different test requirements, and is used to: when the outer contour of the actuating wheel contacts the friction sample column, it can convert the rotational motion of the transmission shaft into the periodic motion of the friction sample column, so that the friction sample column contacts the friction disk assembly, the friction ring, the actuating wheel, and the support rod for friction test. It should be noted that the friction sample column, which is the test piece in this embodiment, is generally long rod-shaped, and its outer contour is an irregular structure. Due to the view relationship, its complete structural shape cannot be expressed, only its shape is shown in the figure. Figure 6 The figure shows the mating relationship between one end of the friction sample column 35 and the friction disk assembly.

[0057] Friction Sample Clamping Mechanism: The friction disc assembly 12 is another key modular component specifically designed for mounting the friction sample. Specifically, the friction disc assembly 12 consists of a friction disc 32, a clamping block 33, and a clamping bolt 34. The friction disc 32 is mounted in the mounting hole of the second outer vertical plate on the friction ring bracket 11 via a clearance fit or transition fit. An opening slot is arranged on the side wall of the friction disc, extending radially inward from the side wall surface, to allow the friction sample to be placed radially inside the friction disc, facilitating assembly. After assembly, the friction sample is arranged axially along the friction disc and positioned above the friction disc axis, non-concentrically with the friction disc. The clamping block 33 is designed to fit into the opening slot, thus forming a closed, rotating annular slide rail with the friction disc 32, firmly and precisely constraining the friction sample and ensuring consistent test position. The clamping bolt 34 passes through the clamping block 33 and screws into the friction disc, clamping and fixing the clamping block 33 to the friction disc.

[0058] Specifically, a groove 3501 is provided on the side wall near one end of the friction sample column 35. The inner wall of the friction disc is provided with a first protrusion 3201 extending upward and engaging with the groove 3501. The lower end of the pressure block 33 is provided with a second protrusion 3301 extending downward and engaging with the groove 3501. The first protrusion 3201 and the second protrusion 3301 together fit into the groove 3501 to limit the friction sample column in the axial and radial directions, and to allow the friction sample column to rotate under the actuation of the impeller profile at the right end of the actuating wheel. The other end of the friction sample column 35 passes through the second inner vertical plate 1104 and the first inner vertical plate 1103 on the friction ring bracket 11 in sequence, and contacts the impeller profile at the left end of the actuating wheel, and can rotate under the support and actuation of the impeller profile at the left end of the actuating wheel.

[0059] In a preferred embodiment, the opening groove on the side wall of the friction disc 12 is designed as a V-shaped opening groove. This V-shaped opening groove design helps to generate a more uniform distribution of clamping force between the contact surfaces of the pressure block 33 and the friction disc 32 when the clamping bolt 34 applies a tightening force, thereby ensuring that the annular slide rail structure formed by the friction disc assembly 12 has higher precision and stability at the connection point. In addition, this structure allows for effective control of the assembly gap between the pressure block 33 and the friction disc 32, and even achieves a zero-clearance fit, further improving the overall rigidity and smoothness of the friction pair during operation.

[0060] Specifically, on the end face of the friction disc 12 facing away from the friction sample column, two parallel mounting grooves are provided for mounting the friction disc pressure strip 13. The length of the friction disc pressure strip 13 is greater than the outer diameter of the friction disc, and both ends of the friction disc pressure strip have mounting through holes. The friction disc assembly 12 is pressed and fixed in the mounting holes of the second outer vertical plate 1105 by the combined action of the bolts 14 and the friction disc pressure strip 13. After installation, the friction sample column 35 faces the side where the actuating wheel 26 is located and can contact the impeller of the actuating wheel.

[0061] Motor drive assembly: Motor 16 is bolted to motor bracket 15. The central axis of motor bracket 15 coincides with the central axis of friction ring bracket 11. The output shaft of motor 16 (e.g., splined shaft) is connected to the right end of drive shaft 24, transmitting power to actuating wheel 26, thereby actuating the friction sample column to rotate.

[0062] To achieve precise alignment between the drive shaft and the friction pair axis, this invention employs a two-stage adjustment mechanism: First, it adjusts the height on the motor side: a height adjustment assembly is located below the motor bracket 15, comprising multiple motor support bolts 18 screwed into threaded holes on the base plate 30. Each motor support bolt is fitted with a motor support washer 19 and secured by a motor support bolt lock nut 17. By adjusting the height of each motor support bolt 18, the horizontal height of the motor 16 output shaft can be finely adjusted. Second, it adjusts and positions the height on the friction ring side: at least one adjusting shim 29 is arranged between the friction ring bracket 11 and the mounting surface of the base plate 30. By grinding the thickness of the adjusting shim 29, the installation height of the friction ring 28 drive shaft can be precisely adjusted. After initial adjustment to align the central axis of the friction ring bracket 11 with the central axis of the motor bracket 15, drilled pin holes are installed at the mating positions of the motor bracket 15 and the base plate 30, and multiple bracket positioning pins 23 are installed for final precise positioning. Finally, the motor bracket 15 is locked and fixed to the base plate 30 using a fastening assembly consisting of bracket bolts 20, bracket flat washers 21, and bracket spring washers 22. The bracket positioning pins 23 ensure the repeatability of the axial position of the modular dynamic friction test device after each disassembly and replacement of each module, thereby ensuring the consistency of the test data.

[0063] The steps for conducting dynamic friction tests using the modular dynamic friction testing apparatus provided in this embodiment are as follows:

[0064] Step 1: Install the test piece assembly.

[0065] Depending on the test objective (e.g., testing a new coating), the support rod 5, friction disc assembly 12, actuating wheel 26, and friction ring 28 with the corresponding material or coating are selected as test component assemblies.

[0066] First, remove the motor 16, drive shaft 24, friction disc assembly 12 and its related fastening components, actuating wheel 26, and support rod 5 in sequence (including the small bearing 6 installed inside the support rod, which does not need to be removed separately). During the removal of the friction disc assembly 12 and its related fastening components, the two friction disc pressure bars 13 and bolts 14 must first be removed. The friction disc assembly 12 is then removed from the friction ring bracket 11. Subsequently, the clamping bolts 34 on the friction disc assembly 12 are loosened, and the pressure block 33 is removed.

[0067] Then, remove the second connecting piece consisting of connecting bolt 7, connecting flat washer 8, connecting spring washer 9, connecting nut 10, and friction disc clamping plate 27. Replace the selected friction ring 28 in the mounting holes of the first and second inner plates of the friction ring bracket 11, and tighten it again using the second connecting piece consisting of connecting bolt 7, connecting flat washer 8, connecting spring washer 9, connecting nut 10, and friction disc clamping plate 27. Finally, reinstall the support rod 5, actuating wheel 26, and drive shaft 24 in sequence.

[0068] Step 2: Mount the friction sample column.

[0069] The friction sample column 35 (for studying its material and / or coating) is vertically lowered along the axial direction of the friction disk 32 from the first opening slot on the side wall of the friction disk 32 until the slot on the outer circle of the bottom of the friction sample column 35 engages with the first protrusion on the inner wall of the friction disk. Then, the pressure block 33 is reinstalled, and the second protrusion at the lower end of the pressure block engages with the slot on the outer circle of the top of the friction sample column 35. Next, the pressure block 33 is evenly tightened using the clamping bolts 34 to secure it to the friction disk 32, so that one end of the friction sample column is firmly clamped in the inner cavity of the friction disk, and the other end passes through the center mounting holes of the second inner vertical plate 1103 and the first inner vertical plate 1104 in sequence. At this time, the pressure block closes the first opening slot on the friction disk 32, and the pressure block 33 and the friction disk form a closed annular slide rail. Finally, the friction disk assembly 12 with the friction sample column assembled is reinstalled back into the friction ring bracket 11, and is fixed again using the friction disk pressure strip 13 and bolts 14.

[0070] Step 3: Perform alignment and run-in.

[0071] Reset the motor 16 and reliably connect the motor's output shaft (splined end) to the transmission shaft 24. The relative position between the motor bracket and the base plate can be roughly determined by the bracket positioning pin 3. Furthermore, there are gaps between the multiple motor support bolts 18 installed below the motor bracket and their corresponding bolt holes, allowing for a slight adjustment in the distance between the motor bracket and the base plate. Therefore, the height of the motor output shaft can be fine-tuned. The specific operation method is as follows: Measure the distance between the motor bracket and the base plate by observation or using a dial indicator or similar tool; rotate the support bolts 18, causing them to rise or fall slightly in the vertical direction; adjust all motor support bolts 18 sequentially until they reach the same height, thereby achieving accurate adjustment of the motor 16 output shaft height. During the adjustment process, the adjusting shim 29 should be placed between the motor 16 and the motor support bolts 18 to prevent the motor support bolts from scratching the outer surface of the motor 16.

[0072] After the motor position is accurately adjusted, tighten the motor support bolt lock nut 17 to lock the height of the support bolt 18. Ensure that the motor output shaft is horizontal and precisely aligned with the drive shaft 24 to achieve optimal coaxiality. Start the motor 16 and run it under no-load for the preset time and speed to allow all moving parts to reach a stable state.

[0073] Step 4: Conduct a formal dynamic friction test and observe and record the results.

[0074] After the running-in process is complete, the friction test can be formally conducted. First, the rotational speed of the motor 16 is determined based on the actual running speed of the friction sample column in the product, ensuring that the speed of the friction sample column in the test device of this invention is the same as its speed in the actual product, thus ensuring that the friction test results meet practical application requirements. During the test, the friction sample column rotates in the friction disk assembly 12 and rubs against the inner wall of the friction disk assembly 12. After the test, the machine is stopped and the test component assembly (drive shaft 24, friction disk assembly 12, actuating wheel 26, support rod 5, and friction ring 28) and the friction sample column are disassembled. The damage to the contact surfaces of the friction ring 28, actuating wheel 26, support rod 5, and friction disk assembly 12 is carefully observed and recorded, including but not limited to wear area, wear depth, coating peeling, and hardness changes.

[0075] Step 5: Conduct a series of comparative experiments.

[0076] For comparative analysis, the support rod 5, friction disc assembly 12, actuating wheel 26, and friction ring 28 can be replaced with different materials or surface coatings, and steps 1 to 4 can be repeated to conduct efficient comparative tests. By comparing the friction damage data under different test piece combinations, the tribological properties of test pieces with different materials or coatings can be scientifically evaluated. This allows for the selection of the optimal friction pair material or surface coating treatment scheme based on cost and application requirements, providing a direct basis for engineering material selection and process optimization.

[0077] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, and such modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modular dynamic friction testing device, characterized in that, include: Mounting components include the base assembly, friction ring, friction disc assembly, drive shaft, actuating wheel, height adjustment assembly, and motor; The mounting base assembly includes a base plate and friction ring brackets and a motor brackets respectively fixed at its two ends; It includes at least one friction ring, which is detachably mounted on the friction ring bracket; One end of the drive shaft is rotatably supported on the friction ring bracket, and the other end is rotatably supported on the friction disc assembly; the drive shaft is driven to connect with the output shaft of the motor. The friction disc assembly is detachably mounted on the friction ring bracket, located on one axial side of the friction ring, and the friction disc assembly is coaxially connected to the drive shaft; The friction sample column is arranged along the axial direction of the friction disk assembly, with one end rotatably mounted inside the friction disk assembly and the other end being a free end; The actuating wheel is coaxially mounted on the drive shaft via a detachable circumferential fixing structure. Multiple radially extending impellers are respectively provided on the outer walls of both ends of the actuating wheel. The impellers facing away from the friction disc assembly contact the free end of the friction sample column, serving to support and actuate the friction sample column. The outer contour of the impeller is configured such that when the outer contour of the impeller contacts the outer wall of the friction sample column, it can convert the rotational motion of the drive shaft into the periodic motion of the friction sample column, causing the friction sample column to contact the friction disc assembly, the drive shaft, and the actuating wheel for friction testing. The height adjustment component is disposed between the motor bracket and the base plate and / or between the friction ring bracket and the base plate, and is used to finely adjust the axial height of the motor output shaft and the transmission shaft so that their axes are aligned.

2. The modular dynamic friction testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The friction disc assembly includes a friction disc, a pressure block, and a clamping bolt; The friction disk has an opening slot that is opened radially thereon, which is used to assemble the friction sample column into the interior of the friction disk from the radial side; the friction sample column is arranged along the axial direction of the friction disk after assembly. The pressure block has a mating part that matches the shape of the opening groove, and the mating part can be inserted into the opening groove; The clamping bolt passes through the pressure block and is screwed into the friction disc to fasten the pressure block to the friction disc; The pressure block and the friction disc, when assembled, together form a closed annular slide rail, which is used to constrain the axial displacement and circumferential movement of the friction sample column.

3. The modular dynamic friction testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The friction sample column has a groove on its side wall near its end, the inner wall of the friction disk has a first protrusion that extends upward and mates with the groove, and the lower end of the pressure block has a second protrusion that extends downward and mates with the groove. The first protrusion and the second protrusion together engage with the groove to limit the friction sample column in the axial and radial directions, and to allow the friction sample column to rotate under the action of the actuating wheel.

4. The modular dynamic friction testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The opening groove of the friction disc is a V-shaped opening groove.

5. The modular dynamic friction testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The friction rings are of two types and are detachably mounted on two coaxially arranged upright plates of the friction ring bracket via connectors.

6. The modular dynamic friction testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a support rod, one end of which is detachably mounted on the first outer vertical plate of the friction ring bracket, and the other end of which is connected to the first inner vertical plate with the first friction ring and cooperates with the small bearing in the first inner vertical plate; The friction disc assembly is mounted on the second outer vertical plate of the friction ring bracket; The second friction ring is installed on the second inner vertical plate located between the first inner vertical plate and the second outer vertical plate; It also includes a large bearing bush, which is coaxially sleeved inside the friction disc assembly; The drive shaft passes through the second friction ring, and its two ends are supported on the small bearing and the large bearing, respectively.

7. The modular dynamic friction testing device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The friction ring, the friction disc assembly, the actuating wheel, and the support rod are all standard modular components that can be replaced independently.

8. The modular dynamic friction testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a positioning pin assembly, which includes a bracket positioning pin disposed between the motor bracket and the base plate and / or between the friction ring bracket and the base plate, for achieving precise and repeatable positioning of each component after the axis of the motor output shaft is aligned with the axis of the transmission shaft.

9. The modular dynamic friction testing device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The height adjustment assembly includes multiple motor support bolts disposed below the motor bracket. Each motor support bolt is screwed into a threaded hole in the base plate and locked in place by a motor support bolt lock nut. The height adjustment assembly also includes an adjustment shim disposed between the friction ring bracket and the base plate.

10. A test method using the modular dynamic friction test apparatus according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: According to the test requirements, select a friction ring, actuating wheel and / or friction disc assembly with a specific material or surface coating as the test piece assembly, and install it on the friction ring bracket; Step 2: Install one end of the friction sample column onto the friction disk assembly, and support the other end on the impeller of the actuating wheel; Step 3: By adjusting the height adjustment component, precisely align the motor output shaft with the transmission shaft of the friction ring, and then start the motor for no-load running-in; Step 4: After running-in under no-load conditions, conduct a friction test under preset operating conditions; Step 5: After the test is completed, disassemble the test piece assembly and the friction sample column, observe and record the surface damage of the test piece assembly; Step 6: Replace the test piece components with different materials and / or coatings, and repeat steps 1-5 to conduct comparative tests.

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