A follow-on drop electrical connector

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of follow-up drop-off electric connectors, follow-up shell lower end opening is connected with plug, follow-up shell is equipped with the push plate of guiding and lifting, push plate is connected with top rod sleeve, top rod sleeve is coaxially sleeved with top rod, top rod upper part side wall is provided with steel ball through-hole, top rod middle part is provided with top rod step, top rod sleeve lower inner wall is provided with lock sleeve groove;Lock sleeve is sleeved below top rod sleeve, lock sleeve lower inner wall is provided with lock sleeve groove, steel ball is inserted into lock sleeve groove to realize rigid locking;Push plate lower end is connected with four-link hinge connecting seat plate with rectangular four corners, connecting seat plate is connected with plug;Follow-up shell is equipped with cam that can be pressed to push plate.The present application has high insertion accuracy, can effectively meet the plug drop-off under the follow-up state of plug-in socket, and guarantee effective separation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a connector, specifically a follow-up detachable electrical connector. Background Technology

[0002] In numerous fields such as industrial equipment, aerospace, and automated production lines, electrical connectors, as core components for signal and power transmission, directly determine the operational stability of the entire system through their connection reliability. With the increasing complexity of application scenarios, equipment operation is often accompanied by vibration, impact, and relative displacement between components. This places higher demands on electrical connectors—they not only need stable mating and locking performance but also smooth disengagement under specific operating conditions, while ensuring that the components are undamaged and can be reused stably after separation. To address these needs, the industry has developed various electrical connectors with floating or disengagement functions. For example, some floating electrical connectors achieve a certain range of displacement compensation through the deformation of elastic terminals to solve the problem of poor mating caused by misalignment. However, these connectors mainly focus on alignment correction during the mating stage and lack specific designs for active disengagement under dynamic conditions, thus failing to meet the separation requirements under dynamic operating conditions. There are also detachable connectors such as locking block type and direct pull type. Direct pull type connectors rely on simple insertion and extraction forces to achieve separation. Their locking structure is mostly a non-rigid design, which is prone to accidental disengagement in vibration environment, resulting in signal interruption or power transmission failure. Although locking block type connectors have strong self-locking ability, their structure is not flexible enough to adapt to multi-directional follow-up displacement, and they are prone to jamming due to uneven force during separation.

[0003] In addition, current electrical connectors with follow-up detachment function generally suffer from the following core defects: First, insufficient mating accuracy. Most products lack effective guiding and positioning structures, making them prone to mating surface misalignment and coaxiality deviation during follow-up, leading to poor contact or structural wear. Second, poor follow-up adaptability. It is difficult to achieve smooth adaptation to horizontal omnidirectional displacement. Some products using inclined rail separation structures are prone to structural damage due to rail friction or misalignment. Third, an imbalance in the stability of locking and separation. Rigid locking structures are often accompanied by separation difficulties, while elastic locking structures are difficult to withstand vibration and impact, easily leading to accidental disengagement. Fourth, poor reset performance after separation. For example, the free end of pull-wire connectors is prone to being thrown out and colliding after separation, which not only affects secondary use but may also damage surrounding equipment. Under complex working conditions, the above defects are superimposed, seriously affecting the reliability and safety of electrical connectors, making it difficult to meet the comprehensive requirements of high-end equipment for follow-up detachment electrical connectors of "high-precision mating, smooth follow-up, reliable locking, and safe separation". Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a compact electrical connector that can simultaneously achieve mating and locking, automatic disengagement, and automatic reset.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is: a follower-type detachable electrical connector, characterized in that: it includes a follower-type housing connected to the tail of a plug or socket; the lower center of the follower-type housing has a lower opening corresponding to the horizontal omnidirectional displacement space of the plug or socket; left and right guide posts are vertically arranged inside the follower-type housing on both sides of the lower opening; two guide springs are respectively sleeved on the left and right guide posts; the upper ends of the two guide springs elastically support the two ends of a push plate; the center of the push plate is connected to a top rod sleeve facing upward; a locking sleeve corresponding to the bottom of the top rod sleeve is provided inside the follower-type housing; a locking sleeve groove is provided on the lower inner wall of the locking sleeve; a steel ball through hole for accommodating a steel ball is provided on the upper side wall of the top rod sleeve; a top rod is coaxially sleeved inside the top rod sleeve; a top rod groove is provided on the upper side wall of the top rod; a bottom rod step is provided on the middle side wall of the top rod; and a top rod is provided below the top rod step. An upper retaining ring is provided on the inner wall of the sleeve, and a lower retaining ring is provided on the lower side wall of the push rod. The upper and lower retaining rings abut against the push rod spring. A guide spring is coaxially provided inside the push rod. The upper end of the guide spring abuts against the upper bottom of the push rod, and the lower end of the guide spring abuts against the upper end of the guide rod. The lower end of the guide rod guides and prevents it from detaching from the push rod. The lower end of the push plate is hinged to four connecting rods at the four corners of a rectangle symmetrical about its center. The lower ends of the four connecting rods are hinged to the connecting seat plate. The connecting seat plate is facing downwards and connects to the plug or socket. The tail structure of the plug or socket is placed on the upper part of the connecting seat plate and is in a state of being pushed down by the guide rod. A cam is provided inside the follower housing. The lower end of the cam abuts against the push plate, and the upper end of the cam is hinged to the follower housing through a hinge shaft. The hinge shaft is connected to the end of the follower housing and a cam drive hole is provided. The middle part of the cam is pulled to the push plate through a pull spring.

[0006] Guide sleeves are provided on both sides of the push plate, and the guide sleeves abut against the upper end of the guide spring.

[0007] The upper surface of the tail structure of the plug or socket is flat.

[0008] The upper end face of the tail structure of the plug or socket is provided with a socket groove corresponding to the guide rod.

[0009] The insertion slot is a spherical arc groove, and the lower end of the guide rod is a ball head structure.

[0010] The cam drive hole is a polygonal hole for connecting an external wrench.

[0011] The cam is a two-cam rod structure that passes through the hinge shaft, with the two cam rod structures located on both sides of the lock sleeve.

[0012] The locking principle of this invention is as follows: A wrench rotates the cam drive hole, causing two cam rods on the hinge shaft to be symmetrically distributed on both sides of the locking sleeve, pressing the push plate downwards with even force. The guide sleeves on both sides of the push plate slide smoothly down along the left and right guide posts, compressing the guide springs and evenly transmitting the driving force to the lower structure. As the push plate descends, it simultaneously moves the top rod sleeve downwards. The steel ball inside the top rod sleeve moves with the top rod sleeve to the locking sleeve groove position at the lower part of the locking sleeve. The steel ball is inserted into the locking sleeve groove from the steel ball through hole of the top rod sleeve. At the same time, the top rod step is limited by the upper retaining ring of the top rod sleeve. Under the action of the top rod spring, the top rod is pushed downwards by the lower retaining ring, and simultaneously, the guide rod spring pushes the guide rod downwards, thereby corresponding to the insertion slot of the plug or socket tail end face and pressing down to complete the downward insertion operation of the plug or socket. The cam and the push plate are connected by a pull spring, which both assists in cam reset and provides continuous pre-tightening force for the insertion state, preventing loosening of the lock.

[0013] The principle of follow-up separation in this invention is as follows: When the socket of the plug-in plug located below the follower housing or the plug of the plug-in socket moves omnidirectionally in the horizontal direction, the plug or socket follows, thereby driving the four-bar parallelogram mechanism to swing through the connecting seat plate. The connecting seat plate rises, and the tail structure of the plug or socket rises, pressing the guide rod to move upward, thereby driving the top rod to move upward. When the top rod groove of the top rod corresponds to the position of the steel ball, the steel ball enters the top rod groove, and the steel ball disengages from the locking sleeve groove, releasing the locking sleeve from locking the top rod sleeve. The top rod sleeve can move upward with the top rod. The top rod sleeve moves to the uppermost end of the locking sleeve. During this process, the action of the top rod spring and the guide rod spring overcomes the tension spring, causing the two cam rods to rotate around the hinge axis and release the downward pressure on the push plate. Thus, the follow-up state of the plug-in socket or plug can be completed, and the connector can be disengaged.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. The lower end of the guide rod adopts a ball head structure, which is precisely matched with the spherical arc groove at the tail of the plug and socket. Under the elastic pressing action of the guide spring, the coaxiality of the plug, socket and mating end is always maintained, avoiding offset and jamming during insertion.

[0015] 2. The lower opening at the bottom of the follower housing provides space for horizontal omnidirectional displacement. Combined with the swing freedom of the four-bar linkage, it enables the horizontal movement of the socket or plug, ensuring smooth insertion and disengagement under complex working conditions.

[0016] 3. The push plate slides with the guide sleeve and guide column to limit lateral sway, making the push plate rise and fall smoothly and further ensuring the insertion accuracy.

[0017] 4. The two cam rods are symmetrically distributed, the four-link rectangular rods are hinged at the four corners, and the two guide columns are set in parallel, so that the overall structure is evenly stressed and avoids twisting or tilting during the movement.

[0018] 5. The guide spring, push rod spring, and pull spring form a multi-stage elastic buffer, which not only absorbs the impact force during insertion and separation, but also provides smooth power for the reset of each component, reducing structural wear.

[0019] This invention utilizes a rigid engagement structure between a steel ball and the locking sleeve groove and the push rod groove, combined with the pre-tightening limit of the push rod spring, to achieve rigid locking after insertion. This solves the defects of traditional direct-pull connectors, such as non-rigid locking and easy accidental disengagement under vibration. Simultaneously, the multi-stage elastic buffer design reduces the impact of vibration on the locking structure, ensuring connection stability under complex working conditions. The parallelogram mechanism composed of four links ensures that the plug and socket mating surfaces are always parallel to the push plate surface, preventing twisting and jamming during separation and avoiding structural damage caused by track friction or offset in inclined rail separation. After separation, the push plate, under the action of multiple springs, drives the plug to quickly return to its initial position, and the plug tail structure is limited by the connecting base plate and the follower shell. This solves the problem of the free end of the traditional pull-wire connector swinging out and colliding after separation, affecting secondary use or damaging the equipment, thus improving operational and equipment safety. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the push plate and four-bar linkage structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the plug-in state structure of the present invention.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Follower housing; 2. Lower opening; 3. Guide post; 4. Guide sleeve; 5. Guide spring; 6. Push plate; 7. Lock sleeve; 8. Lock sleeve groove; 9. Push rod sleeve; 10. Steel ball through hole; 11. Steel ball; 12. Push rod; 13. Push rod groove; 14. Push rod step; 15. Upper retaining ring; 16. Lower retaining ring; 17. Push rod spring; 18. Guide spring; 19. Guide rod; 20. Connecting rod; 21. Connecting seat plate; 22. Plug; 23. Tail end; 24. Socket; 25. Cam rod; 26. Cam drive hole; 27. Pull spring. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, provides further details.

[0023] Figure 1-3 As shown: A follower-type detachable electrical connector includes a follower housing 1, a guide post 3, a guide sleeve 4, a guide spring 5, a push plate 6, a locking sleeve 7, a push rod sleeve 9, a steel ball 11, a push rod 12, an upper retaining ring 15, a lower retaining ring 16, a push rod spring 17, a guide spring 18, a guide rod 19, a connecting rod 20, a connecting base plate 21, a plug 22, a tail 23, a socket 24, a cam rod 25, a cam drive hole 26, and a pull spring 27.

[0024] The lower center of the follower housing 1 has a lower opening 2 for the horizontal omnidirectional displacement space of the corresponding plug 22. The follower housing 1 on both sides of the lower opening is vertically arranged with left and right guide posts 3. Two guide springs 5 ​​are respectively sleeved on the left and right guide posts 3. The upper ends of the two guide springs 5 ​​are connected to guide sleeves 4 that pass through the guide posts 3. A push plate 6 is connected to the guide sleeves 4 at both ends.

[0025] The push plate 6 is connected to the push rod sleeve 9 with its center facing upward. A locking sleeve 7 is provided inside the follower housing 1, correspondingly facing downward, to fit the push rod sleeve 9. A locking sleeve groove 8 is provided on the lower inner wall of the locking sleeve 7. A steel ball through hole 10 for accommodating a steel ball 11 is provided on the upper side wall of the push rod sleeve 9. A push rod 20 is coaxially fitted inside the push rod sleeve 9. A push rod groove 13 is provided on the upper side wall of the push rod 20. A downward-facing push rod step 14 is provided on the middle side wall of the push rod 20. An upper retaining ring 15 is provided on the inner wall of the push rod sleeve 9 below the push rod step 14. A lower retaining ring 16 is provided on the lower side wall of the push rod 20. The upper and lower retaining rings 15 and 16... A push plate 6 abuts against a top rod spring 17. A guide spring 18 is coaxially installed inside the push rod 20. The upper end of the guide spring 18 abuts against the upper bottom of the push rod 20, and the lower end of the guide spring 18 abuts against the upper end of the guide rod 19. The lower end of the guide rod 19 guides and prevents detachment by passing through the lower end of the push rod 20. The lower end of the push plate 6 is hinged to the four corners of a rectangle symmetrical about its center. The lower end of the four-link rod 20 is hinged to the connecting seat plate 21. The connecting seat plate 21 faces downwards and connects to the plug 22. The tail 23 of the plug 22 is placed on the upper part of the connecting seat plate 21 and is in a state of being pushed down by the guide rod. See Figure 2 The follower housing 1 is hinged to a hinge shaft, and the hinge shaft extends out of the end of the follower housing and is provided with a cam drive hole 26. The hinge shaft is connected to two cam rods 25 of the push plate 6 inside the follower housing 1. The two cam rod structures are located on both sides of the lock sleeve.

[0026] In this embodiment, a socket groove corresponding to the guide rod is provided on the upper end face of the plug tail structure. The socket groove is a spherical arc groove, and the lower end of the guide rod is a ball head structure.

[0027] In this embodiment, the cam drive hole is a polygonal hole for connecting an external wrench.

Claims

1. A follow-up detachment electrical connector, characterized in that: The device includes a follower housing connected to the tail of a plug or socket. The lower center of the follower housing has a downward opening providing omnidirectional horizontal displacement space for the plug or socket. Left and right guide posts are vertically arranged inside the follower housing on both sides of the downward opening. Two guide springs are respectively fitted onto the left and right guide posts. The upper ends of the two guide springs elastically support both ends of a push plate. The center of the push plate is connected to a push rod sleeve facing upwards. A locking sleeve corresponding to the downward-facing push rod sleeve is provided inside the follower housing. A locking sleeve groove is provided on the lower inner wall of the locking sleeve. A steel ball through hole for accommodating a steel ball is provided on the upper side wall of the push rod sleeve. A push rod is coaxially fitted inside the push rod sleeve. A push rod groove is provided on the upper side wall of the push rod. A downward-facing push rod step is provided on the middle side wall of the push rod. An upper retaining ring is provided on the inner wall of the push rod sleeve below the push rod step. A retaining ring is provided on the side wall of the part, and a top rod spring is abutted between the upper and lower retaining rings. A guide spring is coaxially provided inside the top rod. The upper end of the guide spring abuts against the upper bottom of the top rod, and the lower end of the guide spring abuts against the upper end of the guide rod. The lower end of the guide rod guides and prevents it from detaching from the top rod. The lower end of the push plate is hinged to four connecting rods at the four corners of the rectangle symmetrical with its center. The lower end of the four connecting rods is hinged to the connecting seat plate. The connecting seat plate is facing down and connected to the plug or socket. The tail structure of the plug or socket is placed on the upper part of the connecting seat plate and is in a state of being pushed down by the guide rod. A cam is provided inside the follower housing. The lower end of the cam abuts against the push plate, and the upper end of the cam is hinged to the follower housing through a hinge shaft. The hinge shaft is connected to the end of the follower housing and a cam drive hole is provided. The middle part of the cam is pulled to the push plate through a pull spring.

2. The follow-up detachment electrical connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: Guide sleeves are provided on both sides of the push plate, and the guide sleeves abut against the upper end of the guide spring.

3. The follow-up detachment electrical connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the tail structure of the plug or socket is flat.

4. A follow-up detachment electrical connector according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The upper end face of the tail structure of the plug or socket is provided with a socket groove corresponding to the guide rod.

5. A follow-up detachment electrical connector according to claim 4, characterized in that: The insertion slot is a spherical arc groove, and the lower end of the guide rod is a ball head structure.

6. A follow-up disconnection electrical connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cam drive hole is a polygonal hole for connecting an external wrench.

7. A follow-up detachment electrical connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cam is a two-cam rod structure that passes through the hinge shaft, with the two cam rod structures located on both sides of the lock sleeve.

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