Buffering device of mine crushed ore conveying belt conveyor

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of transportation and conveying, in particular to a buffering device of a mine crushed ore conveying belt conveyor, which comprises a belt conveyor main body, a supporting main body, a bracket, a buffering unit, a lateral overload gas conveying support and a material guiding part, the belt conveyor main body comprises a rack, and a plurality of carrier rollers are fixedly connected to the upper side of the rack; a conveying belt is installed on the inner side of the machine frame, an upper belt body of the conveying belt is arranged on the upper sides of the carrier rollers, and a supporting body is arranged on the lower side of the upper belt body of the conveying belt. Through the arrangement of the bracket, the buffer unit, the lateral overload gas transmission support, the material guide part and other structures, the buffer device of the mine crushed ore conveying belt conveyor can adaptively share the pressure borne by the buffer strip according to the load change under the working conditions of high impact and large flow, the service life of the buffer strip is remarkably prolonged, the replacement frequency of the buffer strip is further reduced, and the service life of the buffer strip is prolonged. The shutdown overhaul time and the labor material expenditure are reduced, and the maintenance and operation cost is practically controlled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of transportation and conveying technology, specifically to a buffer device for a mining crushing conveyor belt. Background Technology

[0002] Mining crushing conveyor belts are a type of mining conveying equipment. Their buffer devices, often called "buffer beds," are installed on the underside of the receiving section of the belt, in contact with the non-working surface (bottom surface) of the upper belt. Their function is to convert the impact kinetic energy into elastic-plastic potential energy (elastic potential energy - plastic dissipated energy) through the elastic deformation of their own buffer strips when the coarsely crushed ore impacts the belt at high speed, thereby rapidly dissipating the impact energy. This reduces the instantaneous compressive stress on the belt, lowers the risk of longitudinal tearing, and disperses the impact load of the material on the frame, ensuring the safety and lifespan of the continuous transport system.

[0003] Existing buffer bed structures are generally quite simple, mostly using a combination of "ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene sliding plates and high-elastic rubber strips". When subjected to material impact, all impact energy can only be absorbed once by the compression and rebound of the buffer strips, lacking adaptive stiffness adjustment capabilities. When large pieces of ore or a sudden increase in instantaneous flow, the buffer strips are easily compressed to their limit stroke, and the remaining impact energy will directly act on the belt and frame. If such situations occur frequently, the polyethylene layer on the surface of the buffer strips will quickly show chipping wear due to severe friction and impact, and the middle rubber layer will also undergo permanent collapse deformation due to excessive compression, resulting in a significant decrease in its buffering performance. At this time, the replacement cycle of the buffer strips will be greatly shortened to three to six months, which not only significantly increases the replacement frequency of the buffer strips, but also leads to an increase in the number of belt conveyor shutdowns for maintenance, thereby significantly increasing operating and maintenance costs. Therefore, based on the above problems, a buffer device for a mining crushing conveyor belt conveyor is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a buffer device for a mining crushing conveyor belt, in order to solve the problem that existing mining crushing conveyor belt buffer devices generally rely solely on buffer bars for buffering, which are prone to overload, resulting in high buffering pressure, shortened replacement cycles, and consequently high maintenance costs.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A buffer device for a mining crushing conveyor belt includes a conveyor body, a support body, a support base, a buffer unit, a lateral overload air supply support, and a material guide. The conveyor body includes a frame, with several idlers fixedly connected to the upper side of the frame. A conveyor belt is installed inside the frame, with the upper part of the conveyor belt positioned above each idler. A support body is positioned below the upper part of the conveyor belt. The support body includes a base plate positioned on the upper side of the frame. Support legs are fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the lower end face of the base plate. A three-way support plate is fixedly connected to the upper side of the base plate. Abutments fixed to the upper side of the base plate are fixedly connected to the left and right lower inclined surfaces of the three-way support plate. Support bases are installed at the three end faces of the upper side of the three-way support plate. Each support base includes a seat plate fixed to the upper side of the three-way support plate. A through groove is formed on the lower side of the seat plate, and several through holes are formed inside the seat plate and are disposed on the upper side of the through groove. The upper part of the buffer unit is installed on the upper side of each through hole.

[0006] Preferably, the buffer unit includes a mating bottom shell, a connecting pipe, a mating cover shell, an auxiliary buffer assembly, a support part, a wear-resistant sliding plate, and a buffer strip. The mating bottom shell is disposed on the upper side of the seat plate. The mating bottom shell includes a lower shell plate fixed to the upper side of the seat plate. A lower air passage is provided on the upper side of the lower shell plate. An interface is provided on the lower side of the lower air passage, which is formed through the lower shell plate. A connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the lower side of the interface, and the lower end of the connecting pipe passes through a through hole and is inserted into a through groove. Lower guide grooves with upward openings are provided on both the front and rear sides of the lower air passage, which are formed inside the lower shell plate. A mating cover shell is detachably connected to the upper side of the mating bottom shell by bolts. A sealing gasket is installed between the mating bottom shell and the mating cover shell. The mating cover shell covers... The system includes an upper shell plate disposed on the upper side of the lower shell plate. The opposing surfaces of the lower shell plate and the upper shell plate are in contact with the upper and lower end surfaces of the sealing gasket. An upper air passage is provided on the lower side of the upper shell plate, which is aligned with the lower air passage. Upper guide grooves with downward openings are provided on both the front and rear sides of the upper air passage, and the upper guide grooves are aligned with the lower guide grooves. A pair of through guide holes are provided on the upper side of each upper guide groove. A vent is provided on the upper side of each upper guide groove, which is also provided with a through vent. A positioning groove is provided on the upper side of the upper shell plate. The lower part of a buffer strip is installed on the inner side of the positioning groove. A wear-resistant sliding plate is attached to the upper end surface of the buffer strip. Auxiliary buffer components are provided on both the front and rear sides of the lower part of the wear-resistant sliding plate.

[0007] Preferably, the auxiliary buffer assembly includes a pair of support rods slidably connected to the guide holes. The upper ends of the support rods are fixedly connected to abutments, and the upper surfaces of the abutments are fixedly connected to the lower surfaces of the wear-resistant sliding plate. The lower ends of the support rods are fixedly connected to pressure guide blocks located inside the upper guide groove. The opposing inclined surfaces of the pressure guide blocks on the left and right sides are slidably connected to conduction blocks, and the conduction blocks are slidably connected to the inner walls of the upper and lower guide grooves. The opposing surfaces of the conduction blocks on the left and right sides are provided with spring grooves, and a buffer spring is installed between the spring grooves on the left and right sides. A pair of abutment parts are installed between the mating bottom shell and the mating cover shell, and the abutment parts are all located below the vent.

[0008] Preferably, the supporting part includes a vent connector inserted into the inner side of the upper and lower air passages. The end of the vent connector away from the interface is fixedly connected to a sleeve located inside the upper and lower guide grooves. An air cavity communicating with the vent connector is opened on the inner side of the sleeve. Ring grilles communicating with the air cavity are opened on both the left and right sides of the sleeve. Folded ring pouches communicating with the ring grilles are fixedly connected to both the left and right sides of the sleeve. A through-hole is opened on the inner side of the sleeve. A lateral overload air supply support is installed on the upper side of the base plate. The lateral overload air supply support includes a pair of support columns fixed to the upper side of the base plate, and the support columns are all located on the left and right sides of the three-way support plate. Each of the support columns is fixedly connected to a perforated base plate. A damping limiting rod is slidably connected to several edge holes of the perforated base plate. A pressure plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of the damping limiting rod. A support spring is sleeved on the outer side of each damping limiting rod. An air bladder that is fully expanded and inflated is fixedly connected between the pressure plate and the perforated base plate. A vent pipe that is connected to the lower side of the left and right air bladders is fixedly connected. The vent pipe passes through the central hole and through groove of the left and right perforated base plates and is fixedly connected to the lower end of each connecting pipe. A connecting frame is fixedly connected to the upper side of each pressure plate. A guide part located on the upper side of the conveyor belt is installed between the left and right connecting frames.

[0009] Preferably, the upper surface of the wear-resistant sliding plate is in contact with the lower surface of the upper belt of the transmission belt, the supporting parts are all arranged between the left and right side transmission blocks, the folded ring bag is spaced with the transmission block, the buffer springs pass through the through-hole and the folded ring bag, the vents are all arranged between the left and right side transmission blocks, the inner side of the vents is fixedly connected with a dustproof net, and the inner side of the sealing gasket is provided with a through-hole corresponding to the lower air passage, lower guide groove, upper air passage and upper guide groove.

[0010] Preferably, the support springs are all disposed between the pressure plate and the perforated bottom plate. The sum of the initial preload of a group of support springs is greater than the sum of the self-weight of the damping limit rod, pressure plate, connecting frame, guide shell, guide plate, rubber pad and the rated conveying weight of the guide part. The lower side of each pressure plate is fixedly connected with a spacer sleeve sleeved on the outside of the perforated bottom plate. The spacer sleeves are all sleeved on the outside of the airbag.

[0011] Preferably, a pair of extension seats are fixedly connected to both the left and right sides of the three-way support plate, and magnetic blocks are fixedly connected to the upper grooves of the extension seats. The material guiding part includes a guide shell fixed between the facing surfaces of the left and right side brackets. Guide plates with different heights are fixedly connected to both sides of the inner wall of the guide shell. The upper left and right sides of the guide plates are provided with mounting and positioning holes, which are opened on the left and right sides of the guide shell. Rubber pads are provided on the upper side of the guide plates. Side baffles are provided on both the left and right sides of the guide shell. A through-type rail groove is opened on the upper inner side of the side baffle. Rail blocks are slidably connected to the inner side of the rail groove. The rail blocks are fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the guide shell. A pair of center connecting folding rods are fixedly connected to the back side of the left and right side baffles. A counterweight metal block is fixedly connected to the lower end of the center connecting folding rod. The counterweight metal block is magnetically attracted to the magnetic blocks.

[0012] Preferably, the side baffles are all disposed on both sides of the upper belt of the conveyor belt, and the facing surfaces of the left and right side baffles are all in contact with the edges of both sides of the upper belt of the conveyor belt. The guide shell is disposed on the upper side of the conveyor belt, and the guide plates are all set at an inclined angle. Both ends of the rubber pad are disposed inside the mounting and positioning port, the thickness of the rubber pad is greater than the height of the mounting and positioning port, and both the front and rear ends of the rubber pad protrude from the front and rear sides of the guide shell.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. In this invention, the structure including a support, buffer unit, lateral overload air supply support, and material guide allows the support to bear the load of each buffer unit, providing stable support. The buffer unit, through the cooperation of wear-resistant sliding plate, buffer strip, and auxiliary buffer components, effectively absorbs and disperses the impact force generated when the crushed ore falls, buffering the conveyor belt. When the weight of the crushed ore conveyed in the material guide exceeds the rated value, the lateral overload air supply support can respond in time, delivering gas to each support part through compressed air bags, causing the support parts to unfold and enhance the supporting force on the conveyor block, further improving the overall rigidity of the buffer unit and preventing... The excessive compression of the buffer strip reduces the buffer pressure on it, extending its service life. This allows the buffer device of the mining crushing conveyor belt to adaptively distribute the pressure on the buffer strip according to load changes under high impact and high flow conditions, significantly extending the service life of the buffer strip, thereby reducing its replacement frequency, reducing downtime for maintenance and labor and material expenditures, and effectively controlling maintenance and operating costs. This solves the problem that existing mining crushing conveyor belt buffer devices generally rely solely on buffer strips for buffering, which are prone to high buffer pressure due to overload, resulting in a shortened replacement cycle and high maintenance costs. 2. In this invention, the material guide, lateral overload air support, and conveyor belt are designed to suspend the guide shell of the material guide on the upper side of the conveyor belt. When the crushed ore falls, it first enters the guide shell and then is guided by the internal rubber pad and the paired inclined guide plates, thus guiding and absorbing the energy of the crushed ore. This allows the crushed ore exiting the guide shell to fall onto the upper surface of the conveyor belt at a lower speed and with less impact force. The side baffles on both sides of the guide shell can apply lateral restraint to the exited crushed ore, preventing it from bouncing or rolling out of the conveyor belt. This avoids the high-speed material flow directly hitting the surface of the conveyor belt, significantly reducing the risk of local impact damage and longitudinal tearing, and effectively suppressing dust and material splashing. This ensures that the crushed ore falls accurately in the center area of ​​the conveyor belt, keeping the conveyor line clean and safe. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A top-view structural diagram; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main body of the belt conveyor of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the main body of the belt conveyor; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the supporting structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a structural diagram showing the location of each buffer unit in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the buffer unit of the present invention; Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure viewed from below at an angle; Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 8 A partial cross-sectional view of the structural diagram; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention in conjunction with the bottom shell; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the oblique upward view of the structure of the present invention in conjunction with the cover shell; Figure 13 For the present invention Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the structure viewed from above at an angle; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary buffer component of the present invention; Figure 15 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the supporting part of the present invention; Figure 16 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the casing of the present invention; Figure 17 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the lateral overload air supply support of the present invention. Figure 18 For the present invention Figure 17 A schematic diagram of the structure at point A; Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the material guiding part of the present invention; Figure 20 For the present invention Figure 19 A schematic diagram of the structure viewed from below at an angle; Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing gasket of the present invention.

[0015] In the diagram: 1. Belt conveyor body; 11. Frame; 12. Idler roller; 13. Conveyor belt; 2. Support body; 21. Base plate; 22. Support leg; 23. Three-way support plate; 24. Abutment; 25. Extension seat; 26. Magnetic block; 3. Support; 31. Seat plate; 32. Through groove; 33. Through hole; 4. Buffer unit; 41. Matching bottom shell; 411. Lower shell plate; 412. Lower air duct; 413. Interface; 414. Lower guide groove; 42. Connecting pipe; 43. Matching cover shell; 431. Upper shell plate; 432. Upper air duct; 433. Upper guide groove; 434. Guide hole; 435. Vent; 436. Dustproof net; 437. Positioning groove; 44. Auxiliary buffer assembly; 441. Support rod; 442. Abutment block; 443. Guide... 444. Pressure block; 445. Conducting block; 446. Spring groove; 447. Buffer spring; 45. Support part; 451. Vent joint; 452. Housing; 453. Through hole; 454. Air chamber; 455. Ring grid opening; 456. Folding ring bag; 46. Wear-resistant sliding plate; 47. Buffer strip; 48. Sealing gasket; 5. Lateral overload air supply support; 51. Support column; 52. Perforated base plate; 53. Damping limit rod; 54. Pressure plate; 55. Support spring; 56. Spacer; 57. Connecting frame; 58. Air bag; 59. Vent pipe; 6. Material guide part; 61. Guide shell; 62. Material guide plate; 63. Installation positioning port; 64. Rubber pad; 65. Side baffle; 66. Rail groove; 67. Rail block; 68. Middle connecting folding rod; 69. Counterweight metal block. Detailed Implementation

[0016] Please see Figure 1-21 The present invention provides a technical solution: A buffer device for a mining crushing conveyor belt includes a conveyor body 1, a support body 2, a support 3, a buffer unit 4, a lateral overload air support 5, and a material guide 6. The conveyor body 1 includes a frame 11, with several idlers 12 fixedly connected to the upper side of the frame 11. A conveyor belt 13 is installed on the inner side of the frame 11, with the upper part of the conveyor belt 13 positioned above each idler 12. The support body 2 is positioned below the upper part of the conveyor belt 13. The support body 2 includes a base plate 21 positioned on the upper side of the frame 11, with the lower end face of the base plate 21 facing left. Both sides of the right side are fixedly connected to support legs 22. The upper side of the base plate 21 is fixedly connected to a three-way support plate 23. The left and right lower slopes of the three-way support plate 23 are fixedly connected to abutments 24 fixed to the upper side of the base plate 21. The upper three-way end faces of the three-way support plate 23 are all equipped with supports 3. The supports 3 include a seat plate 31 fixed to the upper side of the three-way support plate 23. The lower side of the seat plate 31 is provided with a through groove 32. The upper side of the through groove 32 is provided with a number of through holes 33 opened inside the seat plate 31 and arranged in a through manner. The upper part of the buffer unit 4 is installed on the upper side of the through holes 33.The buffer unit 4 includes a mating bottom shell 41, a connecting pipe 42, a mating cover shell 43, an auxiliary buffer assembly 44, a support part 45, a wear-resistant sliding plate 46, and a buffer strip 47. The mating bottom shell 41 is located on the upper side of the seat plate 31. The mating bottom shell 41 includes a lower shell plate 411 fixed to the upper side of the seat plate 31. A lower air passage 412 is provided on the upper side of the lower shell plate 411. An interface 413 is provided on the lower side of the lower air passage 412, which is opened through the inner side of the lower shell plate 411. A connecting pipe 42 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the interface 413. The lower end of the tube 42 passes through the through hole 33 and is inserted into the through groove 32. Both the front and rear sides of the lower air passage 412 are provided with upper guide grooves 414 that are opened upwards within the lower shell plate 411. A mating cover 43 is detachably connected to the upper side of the mating bottom shell 41 by bolts. This arrangement allows the mating bottom shell 41 and the mating cover 43 to be separated as needed, facilitating internal maintenance. A sealing gasket 48 is installed between the mating bottom shell 41 and the mating cover 43. The mating cover 43 includes an upper... The shell plate 431, the lower shell plate 411 and the upper shell plate 431 face each other and are in contact with the upper and lower end faces of the sealing gasket 48. The lower side of the upper shell plate 431 is provided with an upper air passage 432 that is aligned with the lower air passage 412. The front and rear sides of the upper air passage 432 are provided with upper guide grooves 433 that are opened downward in the upper shell plate 431, and the upper guide grooves 433 are aligned with the lower guide grooves 414. The upper side of each upper guide groove 433 is provided with a pair of guide holes 434 that are opened through the upper shell plate 431. The upper side of each upper guide groove 433 is provided with A vent 435 is provided inside the upper shell plate 431 and extends through it. A positioning groove 437 is provided on the upper side of the upper shell plate 431. The lower part of the buffer strip 47 is installed on the inner side of the positioning groove 437. A wear-resistant sliding plate 46 is attached to the upper end face of the buffer strip 47. This arrangement allows the positioning groove 437 to position the buffer strip 47. When the buffer strip 47 reaches its service life due to aging and no longer has a buffering function, the buffer strip 47 can be replaced. Auxiliary buffer components 44 are provided on both the front and rear sides of the lower part of the wear-resistant sliding plate 46.The auxiliary buffer assembly 44 includes a pair of support rods 441 slidably connected to the guide hole 434. Each support rod 441 has a stop block 442 fixedly connected to its upper end. The upper surface of each stop block 442 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the wear-resistant sliding plate 46. Each support rod 441 has a pressure guide block 443 fixedly connected to its lower end, located inside the upper guide groove 433. Each of the opposing inclined surfaces of the left and right pressure guide blocks 443 is slidably connected to a conduction block 444, which is slidably connected to the inner walls of the upper guide groove 433 and the lower guide groove 414. Each of the opposing surfaces of the left and right conduction blocks 444 has a spring groove 445, and a buffer spring 446 is installed between the left and right spring grooves 445. This arrangement allows the auxiliary buffer assembly 44 to support the wear-resistant sliding plate 46 and can cooperate with the buffer strip 4. 7. The material receiving of the conveyor belt 13 is buffered to share the buffer pressure on the buffer strip 47, thereby improving the service life of the buffer strip 47. A pair of support parts 45 are installed between the bottom shell 41 and the cover shell 43, and the support parts 45 are all located below the vent 435. The support part 45 includes a vent connector 451 inserted into the inner side of the upper air passage 432 and the lower air passage 412. The end of the vent connector 451 away from the interface 413 is fixedly connected to a sleeve 452 located inside the upper guide groove 433 and the lower guide groove 414. The inner side of the sleeve 452 has an air cavity 454 that communicates with the vent connector 451. Both the left and right sides of the sleeve 452 have annular grid openings 455 that communicate with the air cavity 454. Both the left and right sides of the sleeve 452 are fixedly connected to A folded ring bladder 456 is connected to the ring gate 455. A through-hole 453 is opened on the inner side of the casing 452. A lateral overload air supply support 5 is installed on the upper side of the base plate 21. The lateral overload air supply support 5 includes a pair of support columns 51 that fix the upper side of the base plate 21. The support columns 51 are all located on the left and right sides of the three-way support plate 23. A perforated base plate 52 is fixedly connected to the upper side of each support column 51. A damping limit rod 53 is slidably connected in several edge holes of the perforated base plate 52. A pressure plate 54 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the damping limit rod 53. A support spring 55 is sleeved on the outer side of each damping limit rod 53. An air bladder 58 that is unfolded and inflated is fixedly connected between the pressure plate 54 and the perforated base plate 52. The lower side of the left and right air bladders 58 is fixedly connected to... A vent pipe 59 is provided in a connected manner, and the vent pipe 59 passes through the central hole and through groove 32 of the perforated bottom plate 52 on the left and right sides and is fixedly connected to the lower end of each pipe 42. A bracket 57 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the pressure plate 54. A guide part 6 is installed between the left and right brackets 57 on the upper side of the conveyor belt 13. With this arrangement, when the weight of crushed ore conveyed in the guide part 6 exceeds the rated value, the lateral overload air supply support 5 can respond in time and deliver gas to each support part 45 through the compressed air bag 58, so that the support part 45 unfolds and enhances the support force on the conduction block 444 of the auxiliary buffer component 44, thereby improving the overall rigidity of the buffer unit 4, preventing the buffer strip 47 from being over-compressed, reducing the buffer pressure on the buffer strip 47, and extending its service life.The upper surface of the wear-resistant sliding plate 46 is in contact with the lower surface of the upper belt of the transmission belt 13. This arrangement allows the wear-resistant sliding plate 46 to support the upper belt of the transmission belt 13. The abutment parts 45 are all located between the left and right side transmission blocks 444. There is a gap between the folding ring 456 and the transmission block 444. This arrangement allows the folding ring 456 to unfold. The buffer springs 446 all pass through the through-hole 453 and the folding ring 456. This arrangement allows the buffer springs 446 to be positioned. The vents 435 are all located between the left and right side transmission blocks 444. This arrangement ensures that the displacement of the conductive block 444 is unaffected by air pressure, allowing the gas carried by the conductive block 444 during displacement to circulate through the vent 435. Dustproof nets 436 are fixedly connected to the inner side of each vent 435. This prevents dust and impurities from entering the lower guide groove 414 and upper guide groove 433 through the vent 435. The inner side of the sealing gasket 48 has through-holes corresponding to the lower air passage 412, lower guide groove 414, upper air passage 432, and upper guide groove 433. The sealing gasket 48 allows for proper connection with the mating cover 43. The bottom shell 41 is sealed with a sealing treatment; the support springs 55 are all set between the pressure plate 54 and the perforated bottom plate 52. The sum of the initial preload of a group of support springs 55 is greater than the sum of the self-weight of the damping limit rod 53, pressure plate 54, connecting frame 57, guide shell 61, guide plate 62, and rubber pad 64 and the rated conveying weight of the guide section 6. Through this setting, during normal conveying, the damping limit rod 53, pressure plate 54, connecting frame 57, and guide shell 61, guide plate 62, and rubber pad 64 of the guide section 6 will not compress the individual support springs 55, and the individual support springs 55 The length will remain unchanged, so the airbag 58 will be in the deployed state. Only when the weight of the incoming material exceeds the rated conveying value will the support spring 55 be compressed. Only then will the airbag 58 change from the deployed and inflated state to the contracted state when the support spring 55 is compressed and can no longer provide effective support. The lower side of the pressure plate 54 is fixedly connected with a spacer 56 sleeved on the outside of the perforated bottom plate 52. The spacer 56 is sleeved on the outside of the airbag 58. This arrangement allows the spacer 56 to protect the airbag 58 from damage by falling gravel or other sharp objects in the mining environment.

[0017] like Figures 1-2 , Figures 4-5 , Figure 17 , Figures 19-20As shown, a pair of extension seats 25 are fixedly connected to both the left and right sides of the three-way support plate 23. Magnetic blocks 26 are fixedly connected to the upper grooves of the extension seats 25. The guide part 6 includes a guide shell 61 fixed between the facing surfaces of the left and right side brackets 57. Guide plates 62 at different heights are fixedly connected to both sides of the inner wall of the guide shell 61. Mounting and positioning ports 63 are provided on the upper left and right sides of the guide plates 62, and are located on both sides of the guide shell 61. Rubber pads 64 are provided on the upper side of the guide plates 62. Side baffles 65 are provided on both the left and right sides of the guide shell 61. A through-type rail groove 66 is provided on the upper inner side of the side baffles 65. The inner side of the groove 66 is slidably connected to rail blocks 67, which are fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the guide shell 61. A pair of central connecting rods 68 are fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the left and right side baffles 65. A counterweight metal block 69 is fixedly connected to the lower end of each central connecting rod 68. The counterweight metal block 69 is magnetically attracted to the magnetic block 26. This arrangement allows the counterweight metal block 69, magnetic block 26, and central connecting rod 68 to position the side baffles 65, preventing them from moving with the vertical displacement of the guide shell 61. The facing surfaces of the left and right side baffles 65 are in contact with the upper edges of the transmission belt 13. The guide shell 61 is mounted on the transmission belt 13. On the upper side, the guide plates 62 are all set at an inclined angle, and the side baffles 65 are all set on both sides of the upper belt of the conveyor belt 13. Through this arrangement, the lateral overload air supply support 5 can suspend the guide shell 61 of the guide section 6 on the upper side of the conveyor belt 13 through the connecting frame 57. When the crushed ore falls, it first enters the guide shell 61, and then is guided by the inclined rubber pad 64 and the paired inclined guide plates 62, which reduces the impact force of the crushed ore. This allows the crushed ore discharged from the guide shell 61 to fall onto the upper belt surface of the conveyor belt 13 at a lower speed and with less impact force. The side baffles 65 on both sides of the guide shell 61 can apply lateral restraint to the discharged crushed ore to prevent it from rebounding on the conveyor belt 13. Alternatively, it can roll out onto the outside of the conveyor belt 13, thereby preventing the high-speed material flow from directly impacting the surface of the conveyor belt 13, significantly reducing the risk of local impact damage and longitudinal tearing, and effectively suppressing dust and material splashing. Both ends of the rubber pad 64 are set inside the mounting positioning port 63. This setting allows the rubber pad 64 to be removed and replaced from the mounting positioning port 63 after aging or damage. The thickness of the rubber pad 64 is greater than the height of the mounting positioning port 63. Both the front and rear ends of the rubber pad 64 protrude from the front and rear sides of the guide shell 61. This setting allows the two ends of the rubber pad 64 to be tightly positioned inside the mounting positioning port 63 in a compressed state.

[0018] Workflow: The buffer operation of the buffer device of the mining crushing conveyor belt is as follows. Note 1: In this invention, all support springs 55 are pre-compressed during the production and installation stage, thus possessing an upward "initial preload force." The total initial preload force of all support springs 55 is intentionally set to be greater than the sum of the self-weights of the damping limit rod 53, pressure plate 54, connecting frame 57, guide shell 61, guide plate 62, and rubber pad 64, as well as the weight of the material carried by the guide section 6 under normal rated flow. Because this upward preload force is always greater than the sum of the above weights, during normal material conveying, these weights will not cause the support springs 55 to contract, and the length of the support springs 55 remains constant. The airbag 58 between the pressure plate 54 and the porous bottom plate 52 is always fully expanded and inflated. Only when the material drop causes an instantaneous impact or the material flow rate suddenly increases, causing the weight of the material in the guide section 6 to exceed the above-mentioned rated value, will the additional downward impact force overcome the initial preload of the support spring 55, causing the upper part of the guide section 6 to move downward and compress the support spring 55. As the support spring 55 contracts, the distance between the pressure plate 54 and the porous bottom plate 52 decreases, the airbag 58 is compressed, and the gas inside it is quickly discharged and triggers the subsequent buffering action, thereby realizing the adaptive function of "constant expansion of the airbag (58) during normal conveying and instantaneous rapid exhaust during overload". Note 2 To ensure that the sum of the initial preload of all support springs 55 is greater than the sum of their individual weights, the following steps can be taken: First, determine the weight of each damping limit rod 53, pressure plate 54, connecting frame 57, guide shell 61, guide plate 62, and rubber pad 64 by weighing or calculation. Then, calculate the weight of the material contained in the guide section 6 during normal material guiding operation based on the rated flow rate. Add these two parts together to obtain the total weight, thereby determining the required upward thrust. Next, based on this thrust value, select the appropriate number, wire diameter, and elasticity of support springs 55. Note three: In the figures of this invention, the belt conveyor body 1 is part of an existing belt conveyor system. During operation, the conveyor belt... The belt 13 will move accordingly, and the guide section 6 is precisely installed at the crushing point to effectively guide and carry the material falling from the crushing equipment, ensuring that the material enters the conveyor belt 13 smoothly, thereby achieving efficient and continuous material conveying; Note 4: In this invention, the wear-resistant sliding plate 46 is a thickened polyethylene polymer wear-resistant plate. When it comes into contact with the conveyor belt 13 as a "sliding plate", it can be wear-resistant for a long time and is not easy to damage the conveyor belt 13. The expected continuous operating life is 3-6 years; Note 5: The "material" in the following text refers to the crushed ore; Guide operation: When the belt conveyor body 1 is running, its conveyor belt 13 makes continuous cyclic displacement along the frame 11 and the idler roller 12;After falling from the upstream chute, the crushed ore first enters the guide shell 61 and falls onto the rubber pads 64 laid on the upper surface of the inclined guide plates 62 inside the guide shell 61. The elastic cushioning of the rubber pads 64 prevents the ore from directly colliding with the metal guide plates 62 and generating excessive noise. Then, guided by two inverted "V"-shaped guide plates 62 arranged at different heights, the crushed ore slides down the inclined surface, gradually decreasing in speed and stabilizing. The ore continues to slide down until it passes through the bottom opening of the guide shell 61, falling at a lower speed and with less impact force onto the upper surface of the conveyor belt 13, where it is transported away by the displaced conveyor belt 13. During this process, the side baffles 65 fixed on both sides of the guide shell 61 provide lateral restraint to the material, preventing the crushed ore from bouncing or rolling out of the belt. Through the aforementioned staged buffering and guiding, the crushed ore can be prevented from directly impacting the surface of the conveyor belt 13 at high speed, reducing the risk of local impact damage and longitudinal tearing to the conveyor belt 13. It can also effectively suppress material splashing, ensuring that the crushed ore falls accurately in the center area of ​​the conveyor belt 13, maintaining the cleanliness and safety of the conveying line. When the old rubber pad 64 needs to be replaced due to wear, simply remove both ends of the old rubber pad 64 from the installation positioning port 63 and replace it with a new rubber pad 64 in the original position. Multiple buffering operations: When the crushed ore falls onto the upper surface of the conveyor belt 13, the weight of the ore and its falling kinetic energy are transmitted downwards through the conveyor belt 13, forming a concentrated impact force. This force first causes the conveyor belt 13 to undergo local elastic deformation, and then compresses each buffer unit 4 in the impact zone, causing the buffer unit 4 to perform buffering action. First, the wear-resistant sliding plate 46 is pushed vertically downwards under the impact, causing the buffer strip 47 below it to undergo compression deformation. The buffer strip 47, relying on the damping characteristics of the high-elasticity rubber, converts part of the impact kinetic energy into elastic-plastic potential energy (elastic potential energy - plastic dissipated energy) and dissipates it rapidly, realizing the first stage of energy absorption. Meanwhile, the downward movement of the wear-resistant sliding plate 46 pushes each of the support rods 441 of the auxiliary buffer assembly 44 downward in sync. The support rods 441 drive the pressure guide block 443 to apply a lateral thrust to the transmission block 444, causing adjacent transmission blocks 444 to slide towards each other, thereby compressing the buffer spring 446. In this process, the buffer strip 47 acts as a viscous damper, suppressing the high-frequency oscillation of the buffer spring 446 and preventing elastic rebound from weakening the buffering effect. The reverse elastic force of the buffer spring 446 forms a second level of resistance to the downward movement of the wear-resistant sliding plate 46, further sharing the impact load, reducing the peak pressure borne by the buffer strip 47, and extending its service life.When the material guide section 6 experiences overload due to flow fluctuations during operation, and the weight of the material inside the guide shell 61 exceeds the rated value, the additional downward gravity will overcome the initial preload of each support spring 55, causing the guide shell 61 to move downward as a whole. The connecting frame 57, pressure plate 54, and damping limit rod 53 move downward simultaneously, the support springs 55 are compressed, the distance between the pressure plate 54 and the perforated bottom plate 52 decreases, and the airbag 58 contracts accordingly, forcing the gas inside it to be transported to each buffer unit 4 through the vent pipe 59. The airflow passes through the pipe 42 and the interface 413. The complete airway network formed by the lower airway 412 and the upper airway 432 flows into each support portion 45; the gas enters the air chamber 454 of the housing 452 through the vent connector 451, and is then evenly distributed to each folded ring bladder 456 through the ring grid opening 455, causing the folded ring bladder 456 to extend outward and apply an elastic thrust to the opposing surfaces of each pair of conduction blocks 444. This thrust, combined with the elastic force of the buffer spring 446, significantly increases the lateral displacement resistance of the conduction block 444 under impact, causing the support rod 441 of the auxiliary buffer assembly 44 to move downward. The reduced displacement limits the sinking depth of the wear-resistant sliding plate 46 under high impact, preventing excessive compression of the buffer strip 47. Consequently, the pressure on the buffer strip 47 under severe impact conditions is shared by the support part 45 and the auxiliary buffer assembly 44, reducing the buffering pressure on the buffer strip 47, decreasing its wear, extending its service life, and decreasing the replacement frequency. This continuous buffering process effectively reduces the instantaneous compressive stress on the transmission belt 13, lowering the risk of longitudinal tearing. It enables the buffer device of the mining crushing conveyor belt to adaptively distribute the pressure on the buffer strip 47 according to load changes under high impact and high flow conditions, significantly extending the service life of the buffer strip 47, thereby reducing its replacement frequency, reducing downtime for maintenance and labor and material expenditures, effectively controlling maintenance and operating costs. This solves the problem that existing mining crushing conveyor belt buffer devices generally rely solely on the buffer strip 47 for buffering, which is prone to high buffering pressure due to overload, leading to shortened replacement cycles and high maintenance costs.

[0019] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that due to the limitations of textual expression, while there are objectively infinite specific structures, those skilled in the art can make several improvements, modifications, or changes without departing from the principles of the present invention, and can also combine the above technical features in an appropriate manner. These improvements, modifications, changes, or combinations, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution to other situations without modification, should all be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A buffer device of a mine ore fragment conveying belt conveyor, comprising a belt conveyor body (1), a support body (2), a bracket (3), a buffer unit (4), a lateral overload gas support (5) and a material guiding part (6), characterized in that: The belt conveyor body (1) comprises a rack (11), the upper side of the rack (11) is fixedly connected with a plurality of idlers (12), the inner side of the rack (11) is provided with a conveying belt (13), the upper belt of the conveying belt (13) is arranged on the upper side of each idler (12), the upper belt of the conveying belt (13) is provided with a supporting body (2) on the lower side, the supporting body (2) comprises a base plate (21) arranged on the upper side of the rack (11), the lower end face of the base plate (21) is fixedly connected with a support leg (22) on the left and right sides, the upper side of the base plate (21) is fixedly connected with a three-way support plate (23), the left and right lower inclined surfaces of the three-way support plate (23) are fixedly connected with a supporting seat (24) fixed on the upper side of the base plate (21), the upper side of the three-way support plate (23) is provided with a supporting seat (3) at the three-way end face, the supporting seat (3) comprises a seat plate (31) fixed on the upper side of the three-way support plate (23), the lower side of the seat plate (31) is provided with a through slot (32), a plurality of through holes (33) are arranged on the inner side of the seat plate (31) and are arranged in a penetrating manner, the upper side of the through hole (33) is provided with an upper part of a buffer unit (4), the buffer unit (4) comprises a matching bottom shell (41), a connecting pipe (42), a matching cover shell (43), an auxiliary buffer assembly (44), a supporting part (45), a wear-resistant sliding plate (46) and a buffer strip (47), the matching bottom shell (41) is arranged on the upper side of the seat plate (31), the matching bottom shell (41) comprises a lower shell plate (411) fixed on the upper side of the seat plate (31), the upper side of the lower shell plate (411) is provided with a lower air duct (412), the lower side of the lower air duct (412) is provided with an interface (413) arranged in a penetrating manner on the inner side of the lower shell plate (411), the upper side of the matching bottom shell (41) is detachably connected with the matching cover shell (43) through bolts, the matching cover shell (43) comprises an upper shell plate (431) arranged on the upper side of the lower shell plate (411), the opposite surfaces of the lower shell plate (411) and the upper shell plate (431) are fitted with the upper and lower end surfaces of a sealing gasket (48), the lower side of the upper shell plate (431) is provided with an upper air duct (432) aligned with the lower air duct (412), the front and rear sides of the upper air duct (432) are provided with an upper guide slot (433) arranged in a lower opening on the inner side of the upper shell plate (431), and the upper guide slot (433) is aligned with the lower guide slot (414), the upper side of the upper guide slot (433) is provided with a ventilation port (435) arranged in a penetrating manner on the inner side of the upper shell plate (431), a pair of supporting parts (45) are arranged between the matching bottom shell (41) and the matching cover shell (43), and the supporting parts (45) are arranged on the lower side of the ventilation port (435), the supporting part (45) comprises a ventilation connector (451) inserted into the inner sides of the upper air duct (432) and the lower air duct (412),The ventilation joint (451) is fixedly connected with the sleeve shell (452) on the inner side of the upper guide groove (433) and the lower guide groove (414) away from one end of the interface (413), the inner side of the sleeve shell (452) is provided with the air cavity (454) which is communicated with the ventilation joint (451), the left and right sides of the sleeve shell (452) are provided with the ring grid opening (455) which is communicated with the air cavity (454), the left and right sides of the sleeve shell (452) are fixedly connected with the folding ring bag (456) which is communicated with the ring grid opening (455), the inner side of the sleeve shell (452) is provided with the through hole (453) which is provided in a penetrating mode, and the upper side of the base plate (21) is provided with the lateral overload gas conveying support (5).

2. A buffer device for a mine ore conveyor belt as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The lower side of the interface (413) is fixedly connected with a connecting pipe (42) in communication, and the lower end of the connecting pipe (42) is inserted into the through slot (32) through the through hole (33). The front and rear sides of the lower airway (412) are both provided with a lower guide slot (414) in the lower shell plate (411) and in an upper opening. The sealing gasket (48) is installed between the matching bottom shell (41) and the matching cover shell (43). The upper side of the upper guide slot (433) is provided with a pair of guide holes (434) in the upper shell plate (431) and in a through mode. The upper side of the upper shell plate (431) is provided with a positioning sunken groove (437). The inner side of the positioning sunken groove (437) is installed with the lower part of the buffer strip (47). The upper end surface of the buffer strip (47) is pasted with the wear-resistant sliding plate (46). The lower part of the wear-resistant sliding plate (46) is provided with an auxiliary buffer assembly (44) on the front and rear sides.

3. A mine ore conveyor belt buffer device as claimed in claim 2 wherein: The auxiliary buffer assembly (44) includes a pair of supporting rods (441) slidably connected with the guide holes (434). The upper ends of the supporting rods (441) are fixedly connected with abutting blocks (442). The upper end surfaces of the abutting blocks (442) are fixedly connected with the lower end surfaces of the wear-resistant sliding plates (46). The lower ends of the supporting rods (441) are fixedly connected with guide pressure blocks (443) on the inner sides of the upper guide slots (433). The opposite inclined surfaces of the left and right guide pressure blocks (443) are slidably connected with transmission blocks (444), and the transmission blocks (444) are slidably connected with the inner walls of the upper guide slots (433) and the lower guide slots (414). The opposite surfaces of the left and right transmission blocks (444) are both provided with spring grooves (445). The buffer springs (446) are installed between the left and right spring grooves (445).

4. A mine rock fragment conveyor belt machine buffer device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lateral overload gas supporting (5) includes a pair of supporting columns (51) on the upper sides of the fixed base plates (21), and the supporting columns (51) are arranged on the left and right sides of the three-way supporting plate (23). The upper sides of the supporting columns (51) are fixedly connected with porous bottom plates (52). The edge hole positions of the porous bottom plates (52) are slidably connected with damping limiting rods (53). The upper ends of the damping limiting rods (53) are fixedly connected with pressing plates (54). The outer sides of the damping limiting rods (53) are both sleeved with supporting springs (55). The pressing plates (54) and the porous bottom plates (52) are fixedly connected with air bags (58) arranged in an unfolded and full mode. The lower sides of the left and right air bags (58) are fixedly connected with air pipes (59) in communication. The air pipes (59) pass through the middle holes of the left and right porous bottom plates (52) and the through slots (32) and are fixedly connected with and in communication with the lower ends of the connecting pipes (42). The upper sides of the pressing plates (54) are fixedly connected with connecting racks (57). The left and right connecting racks (57) are installed with material guiding parts (6) on the upper sides of the transmission belts (13).

5. A mine rock fragment conveyor belt machine buffer device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper end face of the wear-resistant sliding plate (46) is in close contact with the lower end face of the upper belt of the conveying belt (13), the supporting part (45) is arranged between the left and right side conducting blocks (444), the folding ring bag (456) is arranged at a distance from the conducting block (444), the buffer spring (446) passes through the aperture (453) and the folding ring bag (456), the air vent (435) is arranged between the left and right side conducting blocks (444), the inner side of the air vent (435) is fixedly connected with the dust screen (436), and the inner side of the sealing gasket (48) is provided with through holes corresponding to the lower air duct (412), the lower guide groove (414), the upper air duct (432) and the upper guide groove (433).

6. A mine rock fragment conveyor belt machine buffer device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The supporting spring (55) is arranged between the pressing plate (54) and the perforated bottom plate (52), the initial pre-tightening force of a group of supporting springs (55) is greater than the sum of the self-weight of the damping limiting rod (53), the pressing plate (54), the connecting frame (57), the guide shell (61), the guide plate (62) and the rubber pad (64) and the rated conveying weight of the material guiding part (6), the lower side of the pressing plate (54) is fixedly connected with the spacer sleeve (56) sleeved outside the perforated bottom plate (52), and the spacer sleeve (56) is sleeved outside the air bag (58).

7. A mine rock fragment conveyor belt machine buffer device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The left and right sides of the three-way supporting plate (23) are fixedly connected with a pair of extension seats (25), the upper recess of the extension seat (25) is fixedly connected with a magnetic block (26), the material guiding part (6) comprises a guide shell (61) fixed between the facing surfaces of the left and right side connecting frames (57), the inner walls of the left and right sides of the guide shell (61) are fixedly connected with guide plates (62) arranged at different heights, the left and right sides of the upper part of the guide plate (62) are provided with mounting positioning openings (63), the mounting positioning openings (63) are arranged on the left and right sides of the guide shell (61), the upper side of the guide plate (62) is provided with a rubber pad (64), the left and right sides of the guide shell (61) are provided with side baffles (65), the inner side of the upper part of the side baffle (65) is provided with a through rail groove (66), the inner side of the rail groove (66) is slidably connected with a rail block (67), the rail block (67) is fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the guide shell (61), the back sides of the left and right side baffles (65) are fixedly connected with a pair of middle connecting folding rods (68), the lower end of the middle connecting folding rod (68) is fixedly connected with a counterweight metal block (69), and the counterweight metal block (69) is magnetically attracted to the magnetic block (26).

8. A mine rock fragment conveyor belt machine buffer device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The side baffle (65) is arranged on both sides of the upper belt of the conveying belt (13), the opposite surfaces of the left and right side baffles (65) are in close contact with the upper belt edges of the conveying belt (13), the guide shell (61) is arranged on the upper side of the conveying belt (13), the guide plates (62) are arranged at an inclined angle, the two ends of the rubber pad (64) are arranged on the inner side of the mounting positioning opening (63), the thickness size of the rubber pad (64) is greater than the height size of the mounting positioning opening (63), and the front and rear ends of the rubber pad (64) protrude from the front and rear sides of the guide shell (61).

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