Self-repairing ceramic fiber composite material, preparation method and application

Abstract

The application provides a self-repairing ceramic fiber composite material, a preparation method and application, and belongs to the technical field of ceramic fibers. The self-repairing ceramic fiber composite material is prepared by the carbamoylation reaction between isocyanate groups generated by the pyrolysis of phenylcarbamate and hydroxyl groups on the surface of ceramic fibers to generate polymers with urea groups of dynamic covalent bonds. Meanwhile, the urea groups also interact with imidazole-based ionic liquids through hydrogen bonds to form a dynamic hydrogen bond network. The network and the network structure of the phenyl isocyanate polymer are dynamically interpenetrated to form a double dynamic network, so that the composite material has a self-repairing function. The self-repairing ceramic fiber composite material has self-repairing performance, high tensile strength and ionic conductivity, and is suitable for preparing new energy batteries, capacitors or flexible sensors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of ceramic fiber technology, and relates to a self-healing ceramic fiber composite material, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Ionogels are solid mixtures formed from polymers and ionic liquids or electrolyzable salt electrolytes. They possess ionic conductivity and a spatial network structure, making them suitable for applications in flexible electronics, biomedicine, and protective equipment. However, the relatively weak mechanical strength and low ionic conductivity of ionogels limit their use.

[0003] Ceramic fiber is a fibrous, lightweight refractory material with advantages such as light weight, high temperature resistance, good thermal stability, low thermal conductivity, and good refractoriness. It has been widely used in metallurgy, machinery, chemical, petroleum, and electronics industries. The composite of ion gel and ceramic fiber combines the high temperature resistance and high strength of ceramic fiber with the flexibility of ion gel, significantly improving the mechanical properties of ion gel.

[0004] However, after a period of use, the composite material of ion gel and ceramic fiber may develop scratches or cracks on its surface or inside, affecting its use and limiting its service life. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a self-healing ceramic fiber composite material, its preparation method, and its application, in order to solve the problem that scratches or cracks in existing composite materials affect their service life.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] In a first aspect, this application provides a self-healing ceramic fiber composite material, the raw materials for which the composite material is prepared include: ceramic fiber, phenylcarbamate, imidazole ionic liquid, light stabilizer, montmorillonite and aprotic solvent.

[0008] Secondly, this application provides a method for preparing a self-healing ceramic fiber composite material, the method comprising:

[0009] Ceramic fibers are added to an aprotic solvent and subjected to ultrasonic and high-speed stirring to form a ceramic fiber mixed solution.

[0010] After phenylcarbamate is pyrolyzed to phenyl isocyanate in nitrogen or argon, the phenyl isocyanate is added to the ceramic fiber mixed solution and reacted at 80-120℃ for 2-5 hours to obtain the reaction product.

[0011] After the light stabilizer and montmorillonite are uniformly dispersed in the imidazole ionic liquid, they are added to the cooled reaction product and stirred for 2-6 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere at room temperature to 60°C to obtain a mixture.

[0012] The mixture is rotary evaporated and vacuum dried to obtain a self-healing ceramic fiber composite material.

[0013] Thirdly, this application provides an application of a self-healing ceramic fiber composite material, namely, for the preparation of new energy batteries or flexible sensors.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] (1) The isocyanate group in the phenyl isocyanate produced after the pyrolysis of phenylcarbamate undergoes a carbamylation reaction with the hydroxyl groups on the surface of ceramic fibers to generate a polymer with a dynamically covalently bonded urea group. At the same time, the benzene ring in the phenyl isocyanate can enhance the molecular chain rigidity of the phenyl isocyanate polymer, thereby improving the interfacial compatibility between ceramic fibers and other substances.

[0016] (2) The urea group and the imidazole group ionic liquid in the phenyl isocyanate polymer interact with each other through hydrogen bonding to form a dynamic hydrogen bond network; this network dynamically interweaves with the network structure of the phenyl isocyanate polymer to form a dual dynamic network, which makes the composite material have self-healing function.

[0017] (3) The imidazole ring in the imidazole-based ionic liquid can also form ionic coordination bonds with metal ions, further enhancing the self-healing ability of the composite material. The ionic gel formed by the imidazole-based ionic liquid can fill the pores between ceramic fibers, forming a repair bridge, and further promoting the recombination of the ceramic fiber interface.

[0018] (4) Ionic coordination bonds can also combine with urea groups and hydroxyl groups on the surface of ceramic fibers to form a multi-network structure with ceramic fibers as rigid skeleton, urea groups, hydrogen bonds and ionic coordination bonds as dynamic cross-linking, and imidazole ionic liquid as flexible gel. This network architecture can also enhance the toughness and strength of ceramic fibers.

[0019] (5) The imidazole ring in the imidazole ionic liquid can also combine with the benzene ring in the phenyl isocyanate polymer through π-π interaction, further enhancing the interfacial bonding force and reducing interfacial defects.

[0020] (6) Ionic gels formed by imidazole ionic liquids can fill the pores between ceramic fibers, forming repair bridges and forming continuous ion transport channels to meet the needs of flexible sensors.

[0021] (7) The piezoelectric synergistic effect of ceramic fiber and imidazole ion gel can enhance the piezoelectric response of composite material. Detailed Implementation

[0022] In a first aspect, this application provides a self-healing ceramic fiber composite material, the raw materials for which the composite material is prepared include: ceramic fiber, phenylcarbamate, imidazole ionic liquid, light stabilizer, montmorillonite and aprotic solvent.

[0023] In this application, after phenylcarbamate is pyrolyzed to phenyl isocyanate, the isocyanate groups can react with the hydroxyl groups on the surface of ceramic fibers to generate a polymer with dynamically reversible urea groups. Simultaneously, the urea groups and the imidazole ionic liquid interact through hydrogen bonding to form a dynamic hydrogen bond network. This network dynamically interweaves with the polymer's network structure, forming a dual dynamic network, which endows the composite material with self-healing capabilities. Furthermore, the imidazole rings in the imidazole ionic liquid also have ionic coordination bonds with metal ions, further enhancing the self-healing ability of the composite material.

[0024] Furthermore, ionic coordination bonds can combine with urea groups and hydroxyl groups on the surface of ceramic fibers to form a multi-layered network structure with ceramic fibers as the rigid framework, urea groups, hydrogen bonds, and ionic coordination bonds as dynamic crosslinks, and imidazole-based ionic liquids as flexible gels. This network architecture can also enhance the toughness and strength of ceramic fibers. Simultaneously, the imidazole rings in the imidazole-based ionic liquids can also combine with the benzene rings in the phenyl isocyanate polymers through π-π interactions, further enhancing interfacial bonding and reducing interfacial defects.

[0025] In this application, the ceramic fiber is selected from alumina fiber, silicate fiber, silicon carbide fiber, zirconium oxide fiber, and silicon nitride fiber. The phenylcarbamate includes methyl phenylcarbamate or ethyl phenylcarbamate. The imidazole-based ionic liquid includes one or more of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide, and 1-vinyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide.

[0026] The light stabilizers include one or more of titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, carbon black, and UV-327; the aprotic solvents include one or more of DMSO (Dimethyl sulfoxide), DMF (N,N-Dimethylformamide), and NMP (N-Methylpyrrolidone).

[0027] In this application, the raw materials for preparing the composite material, by mass fraction, include: 5-15% ceramic fiber, 20-30% phenylcarbamate, 5-10% imidazole-based ionic liquid, 0.2-0.5% light stabilizer, 0.5-1.5% montmorillonite, and the remainder being aprotic solvent. More preferably, the raw materials for preparing the composite material, by mass fraction, include: 10% ceramic fiber, 25% phenylcarbamate, 8% imidazole-based ionic liquid, 0.3% light stabilizer, 1.2% montmorillonite, and 55.5% aprotic solvent.

[0028] Secondly, this application provides a method for preparing a self-healing ceramic fiber composite material, the method comprising:

[0029] S01: Ceramic fibers are added to an aprotic solvent and ultrasonically and stirred at high speed to form a ceramic fiber mixed solution.

[0030] Ceramic fibers are added to an aprotic solvent. Under ultrasonic power of 200-500W and stirring speed of 1000-2000rpm, the cavitation effect of ultrasound breaks up the agglomeration of ceramic fibers in the aprotic solvent. Simultaneously, mechanical stirring avoids local concentration differences. Thus, under these dual effects, the ceramic fibers are uniformly dispersed in the aprotic solvent, forming a ceramic fiber mixed solution. In this application, the ultrasonic operation is performed with a 1-second pause after every 2 seconds of ultrasonication. Furthermore, the solvation effect of the aprotic solvent also disperses the ceramic fibers, preventing agglomeration.

[0031] SO2: After phenylcarbamate is pyrolyzed into phenyl isocyanate in nitrogen or argon, the phenyl isocyanate is added to the ceramic fiber mixed solution and reacted at 80-120℃ for 2-5 hours to obtain the reaction product.

[0032] Phenylcarbamates, when heated to 250-300℃ under normal pressure in nitrogen or argon atmosphere, thermally decompose into phenyl isocyanate and alcohol. The alcohol is then adsorbed through a molecular sieve or silica gel to obtain phenyl isocyanate. Phenyl isocyanate is added to a ceramic fiber mixture and reacted at 80-120℃ for 2-5 hours to obtain the reaction product. During this reaction, the isocyanate groups in the phenyl isocyanate undergo carbamylation with the hydroxyl groups on the ceramic fiber surface, generating a polymer with dynamically covalently bonded urea groups. Thus, the ceramic fiber surface carries a network structure of phenyl isocyanate polymer via the urea groups. Simultaneously, the benzene rings in the phenyl isocyanate enhance the molecular chain rigidity of the phenyl isocyanate polymer, thereby improving the interfacial compatibility between the ceramic fiber and other substances.

[0033] S03: After the light stabilizer and montmorillonite are uniformly dispersed in the imidazole ionic liquid, they are added to the cooled reaction product. The mixture is stirred and reacted for 2-6 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere at room temperature to 60°C to obtain a mixture.

[0034] A light stabilizer and montmorillonite were added to an imidazolium-based ionic liquid and uniformly dispersed under mechanical stirring to form a dispersion. The addition of the light stabilizer prevents the hydrogen bonds in the urea groups from breaking under ultraviolet light and also prevents the decomposition of the imidazolium-based ionic liquid. Montmorillonite, through its layered structure, restricts the migration of the imidazolium-based ionic liquid, thereby enhancing its mechanical properties.

[0035] The dispersion was added to the cooled reaction product, and the mixture was stirred for 2-6 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere at room temperature to 60°C to obtain a mixture. During this reaction, the urea groups in the phenyl isocyanate polymer and the imidazole ionic liquid interact through hydrogen bonding to form a dynamic hydrogen bond network. This network dynamically interweaves with the network structure of the phenyl isocyanate polymer, forming a dual dynamic network, which gives the composite material self-healing capabilities. In addition, the imidazole rings in the imidazole ionic liquid can also form ionic coordination bonds with metal ions, further enhancing the self-healing ability of the composite material.

[0036] Furthermore, ionic coordination bonds can also combine with urea groups and hydroxyl groups on the surface of ceramic fibers to form a multi-layered network structure with ceramic fibers as a rigid skeleton, urea groups, hydrogen bonds and ionic coordination bonds as dynamic crosslinking, and imidazole ionic liquid as a flexible gel. This network architecture can also enhance the toughness of ceramic fibers.

[0037] Meanwhile, the imidazole ring in the imidazole ionic liquid can also combine with the benzene ring in the phenyl isocyanate polymer through π-π interactions, further enhancing the interfacial bonding force and reducing interfacial defects.

[0038] Furthermore, the ion gel formed by the imidazole-based ion liquid can fill the pores between ceramic fibers, forming repair bridges and promoting the recombination of the ceramic fiber interface; it can also form continuous ion transport channels, meeting the requirements of flexible sensors. Simultaneously, the piezoelectric synergistic effect between the ceramic fibers and the imidazole-based ion gel can enhance the piezoelectric response of the composite material.

[0039] S04: After removing the non-protic solvent by rotary evaporation, the mixture is placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried under vacuum at 80-100℃ to obtain a self-healing ceramic fiber composite material.

[0040] Thirdly, this application provides an application of a self-healing ceramic fiber composite material, namely, for the preparation of new energy batteries, capacitors, or flexible sensors.

[0041] When self-healing ceramic fiber composite materials are used to prepare new energy batteries, the ceramic fibers, as a porous support skeleton, can inhibit the thermal shrinkage and melting of the ion gel formed by imidazole ionic liquid at high temperatures. At the same time, the ion gel can fill the pores between the ceramic fibers to form a continuous ion conduction channel, which can isolate the positive and negative electrodes and prevent short circuits, thereby improving battery safety.

[0042] When self-healing ceramic fiber composites are used to prepare capacitors, silicon carbide fibers are selected as the ceramic fibers. Silicon carbide fibers with high specific surface area and conductivity can form a double-layer capacitor structure after being loaded with ion gel through urea groups, hydrogen bonds, coordination ion bonds, etc., and can then be used to prepare capacitors.

[0043] When self-healing ceramic fiber composite materials are used to prepare flexible sensors, the ceramic fibers, as a skeleton structure, can enhance the mechanical strength of the ion gel and prevent it from breaking under repeated bending. At the same time, the ionic conductivity of the ion gel can be directly used as a sensing medium to achieve rapid conversion of pressure / strain to electrical signals, making it suitable for smart bracelets, wearable medical devices, and flexible robotic skin.

[0044] The technical solution of the present invention will be further explained and described below through specific embodiments.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] This application provides a self-healing ceramic fiber composite material. The raw materials for preparing the composite material include, by mass fraction: 10% alumina fiber, 25% methyl phenylcarbamate, 8% 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 0.3% UV-327, 1.2% montmorillonite, and 55.5% DMSO.

[0047] This application also provides a method for preparing a self-healing ceramic fiber composite material, the method comprising:

[0048] S101: Alumina fibers are added to DMSO and uniformly dispersed under the conditions of ultrasonic power of 300W, pause every 2s of ultrasonication for 1s, and stirring speed of 1500rpm to form a ceramic fiber mixed solution.

[0049] S102: Methyl phenylcarbamate, heated to 280°C under nitrogen atmosphere and normal pressure, thermally decomposes into phenyl isocyanate and methanol. After methanol adsorption through a molecular sieve, phenyl isocyanate is obtained. The phenyl isocyanate is then added to a ceramic fiber mixed solution and reacted at 100°C for 3 hours to obtain the reaction product.

[0050] S103: UV-327 and montmorillonite were added to 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride and uniformly dispersed under mechanical stirring to form a dispersion. The dispersion was added to the cooled reaction product, and the mixture was stirred at 40°C for 5 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a mixture.

[0051] S104: After removing DMSO by rotary evaporation, the mixture is placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried under vacuum at 90°C to obtain a self-healing ceramic fiber composite material.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] This application provides a self-healing ceramic fiber composite material. The raw materials for preparing the composite material include, by mass fraction: 5% silicate fiber, 22% ethyl phenylcarbamate, 10% 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, 0.5% titanium dioxide, 0.5% montmorillonite, and 62% DMF.

[0054] This application also provides a method for preparing a self-healing ceramic fiber composite material, the method comprising:

[0055] S201: Add silicate fibers to DMF and disperse them uniformly under the conditions of ultrasonic power of 200W, pause for 1 second every 2 seconds of ultrasonication, and stirring speed of 2000rpm to form a ceramic fiber mixed solution.

[0056] S202: Ethyl phenylcarbamate, heated to 300℃ under normal pressure in nitrogen, thermally decomposes into phenyl isocyanate and ethanol. After adsorption of ethanol through a molecular sieve, phenyl isocyanate is obtained. The phenyl isocyanate is then added to a ceramic fiber mixed solution and reacted at 80℃ for 5 hours to obtain the reaction product.

[0057] S203: Titanium dioxide and montmorillonite were added to 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate and uniformly dispersed under mechanical stirring to form a dispersion. The dispersion was added to the cooled reaction product, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere for 4 hours to obtain a mixture.

[0058] S204: After removing DMF by rotary evaporation, the mixture is placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried under vacuum at 90°C to obtain a self-healing ceramic fiber composite material.

[0059] Example 3

[0060] This application provides a self-healing ceramic fiber composite material. The raw materials for preparing the composite material include, by mass fraction: 15% silicon carbide fiber, 30% methyl phenylcarbamate, 9% 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide, 0.2% zinc oxide, 1.5% montmorillonite, and 4.3% NMP4.

[0061] This application also provides a method for preparing a self-healing ceramic fiber composite material, the method comprising:

[0062] S301: Add silicon carbide fibers to NMP and disperse them uniformly under the conditions of ultrasonic power of 500W, pause for 1 second every 2 seconds of ultrasonication, and stirring speed of 1000rpm to form a ceramic fiber mixed solution.

[0063] S302: Methyl phenylcarbamate, heated to 250°C under normal pressure in argon atmosphere, thermally decomposes into phenyl isocyanate and methanol. The methanol is then adsorbed onto silica gel to obtain phenyl isocyanate. The phenyl isocyanate is added to a ceramic fiber mixture and reacted at 120°C for 2 hours to obtain the reaction product.

[0064] S303: Zinc oxide and montmorillonite are added to 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide and dispersed uniformly under mechanical stirring to form a dispersion. The dispersion is added to the cooled reaction product, and the mixture is stirred at 60°C for 2 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a mixture.

[0065] S304: After removing NMP by rotary evaporation, the mixture is placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried under vacuum at 100°C to obtain a self-healing ceramic fiber composite material.

[0066] Example 4

[0067] This application provides a self-healing ceramic fiber composite material. The raw materials for preparing the composite material include, by mass fraction: 8% silicon nitride fiber, 20% ethyl phenylcarbamate, 5% 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide, 0.4% carbon black, 1.1% montmorillonite, and 65.5% DMF.

[0068] This application also provides a method for preparing a self-healing ceramic fiber composite material, the method comprising:

[0069] S401: Add silicon nitride fibers to DMF and disperse them uniformly under the conditions of ultrasonic power of 400W, pause for 1 second every 2 seconds of ultrasonication, and stirring speed of 1200rpm to form a ceramic fiber mixed solution.

[0070] S402: Ethyl phenylcarbamate, heated to 260°C under normal pressure in argon atmosphere, thermally decomposes into phenyl isocyanate and ethanol. The ethanol is then adsorbed onto silica gel to obtain phenyl isocyanate. The phenyl isocyanate is added to a ceramic fiber mixture and reacted at 90°C for 4 hours to obtain the reaction product.

[0071] S403: Carbon black and montmorillonite are added to 1-vinyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide and uniformly dispersed under mechanical stirring to form a dispersion. The dispersion is added to the cooled reaction product, and the mixture is stirred at 50°C for 3 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a mixture.

[0072] S404: After removing DMF by rotary evaporation, the mixture is placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried under vacuum at 80°C to obtain a self-healing ceramic fiber composite material.

[0073] Comparative Example 1

[0074] This application provides a ceramic fiber composite material in comparison. The raw materials for preparing this composite material are the same as those in Example 1, except that methyl phenylcarbamate is not used.

[0075] Comparative Example 2

[0076] This application provides a ceramic fiber composite material in comparative example. The raw materials for preparing this composite material are the same as those in Example 1, except that 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride is not used.

[0077] This application tested the thermal conductivity, tensile strength, fracture toughness, self-healing performance, and ionic conductivity of alumina fiber, silicate fiber, silicon carbide fiber, silicon nitride fiber, the self-healing ceramic fiber composites prepared in Examples 1-4, and the ceramic fiber composites prepared in Comparative Examples 1 and 2, respectively, and the results are shown in Table 1. The thermal conductivity was tested at 25°C using the laser flash method (GB / T 10294-2008); the tensile strength was tested using the monofilament tensile method (GB / T 3362-2017); the fracture toughness of the composites was tested using the surface crack bending beam (SCF) method (GB / T 44537-2024); and the ionic conductivity was tested using the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The self-healing performance testing process was as follows: after making 5mm scratches on the surface of the self-healing ceramic fiber composites prepared in Examples 1-4 and the ceramic fiber composites prepared in Comparative Examples 1 and 2, they were placed at 120°C for 90 minutes. The tensile strength at fracture before and after self-healing was tested separately, and the self-healing rate was calculated. The self-healing rate (%) = tensile strength of composite material before treatment / tensile strength of composite material after treatment × 100%.

[0078] Table 1: Performance Test Data

[0079]

[0080] As can be seen from Table 1:

[0081] Compared to pure ceramic fibers, the self-healing ceramic fiber composite materials prepared in Examples 1-4 of this application have reduced thermal conductivity and tensile strength. This is because an ion gel is chemically bonded to the surface of the ceramic fibers, which leads to a decrease in the thermal conductivity and tensile strength of the composite material.

[0082] Compared to pure ceramic fibers, the self-healing ceramic fiber composite materials prepared in Examples 1-4 of this application exhibit significantly improved fracture toughness and ionic conductivity, and the composite materials also possess remarkable self-healing capabilities. This is because the isocyanate produced after the thermal decomposition of phenylcarbamate reacts with the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the ceramic fibers, generating urea groups and imidazole ionic liquids that interact through hydrogen bonds to form a dynamic hydrogen bond network. This network dynamically interweaves with the network structure of the phenyl isocyanate polymer, forming a dual dynamic network, which enables the composite material to possess self-healing functionality. Furthermore, the ionic coordination bonds formed between the imidazole rings in the imidazole ionic liquid and metal ions can also combine with urea groups and hydroxyl groups on the surface of the ceramic fibers to form a multi-layered network structure with ceramic fibers as a rigid skeleton, urea groups, hydrogen bonds, and ionic coordination bonds as dynamic crosslinks, and imidazole ionic liquids as a flexible gel. This network architecture can also enhance the toughness of the ceramic fibers.

[0083] Comparing Example 1 with Comparative Examples 1 and 2, it can be seen that the thermal conductivity and tensile strength of the composite material are not significantly different, but the fracture toughness and self-healing rate are significantly reduced. Moreover, the ionic conductivity in Comparative Example 2 is similar to that of pure alumina fiber. This indicates that the addition of imidazole-based ionic liquid can give the composite material ionic conductivity. The addition of methyl phenylcarbamate or imidazole-based ionic liquid alone can only give the composite material self-healing properties, but the self-healing rate is low. Only when methyl phenylcarbamate and imidazole-based ionic liquid are added simultaneously can the composite material have a significant self-healing rate.

[0084] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a self-healing ceramic fiber composite material, characterized in that, include: Ceramic fibers are added to an aprotic solvent and subjected to ultrasonic and high-speed stirring to form a ceramic fiber mixed solution. After phenylcarbamate is pyrolyzed to phenyl isocyanate in nitrogen or argon, the phenyl isocyanate is added to the ceramic fiber mixed solution and reacted at 80-120℃ for 2-5 hours to obtain a reaction product with a dynamically covalent urea group. After the light stabilizer and montmorillonite are uniformly dispersed in the imidazole ionic liquid, they are added to the cooled reaction product and stirred for 2-6 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere at room temperature to 60°C to obtain a mixture with a dual dynamic network. After rotary evaporation and vacuum drying, the mixture yields a self-healing ceramic fiber composite material. The self-healing ceramic fiber composite material has a self-healing function.

2. The method for preparing the self-healing ceramic fiber composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ultrasonic power is 200-500W, with a 1-second pause after every 2 seconds of ultrasonication; the high-speed stirring speed is 1000-2000rpm.

3. The method for preparing the self-healing ceramic fiber composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pyrolysis temperature is 250-300℃, under normal pressure.

4. The method for preparing the self-healing ceramic fiber composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vacuum drying temperature is 80-100℃.

5. The method for preparing the self-healing ceramic fiber composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The raw materials for preparing the composite material include, by mass fraction: 5-15% ceramic fiber, 20-30% phenylcarbamate, 5-10% imidazole ionic liquid, 0.2-0.5% light stabilizer, 0.5-1.5% montmorillonite, and the remainder being aprotic solvent.

6. The method for preparing the self-healing ceramic fiber composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The raw materials for preparing the composite material include, by mass fraction: 10% ceramic fiber, 25% phenylcarbamate, 8% imidazole ionic liquid, 0.3% light stabilizer, 1.2% montmorillonite, and 55.5% aprotic solvent.

7. The method for preparing the self-healing ceramic fiber composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The phenylcarbamate includes methyl phenylcarbamate or ethyl phenylcarbamate; the imidazole ionic liquid includes one or more of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide and 1-vinyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide.

8. The method for preparing the self-healing ceramic fiber composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light stabilizer includes one or more of titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, carbon black, and UV-327; the aprotic solvent includes one or more of DMSO, DMF, and NMP.

9. The self-healing ceramic fiber composite material prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1-8.

10. The self-healing ceramic fiber composite material prepared by the method of any one of claims 1-8 is used to prepare new energy batteries, capacitors or flexible sensors.

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