Portable theodolite field calibrating device and calibrating method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a portable theodolite field calibration device and a calibration method thereof, relates to the technical field of theodolite metering detection, solves the problems of low detection precision, complicated operation and difficult maintenance of the existing theodolite detection device, and comprises a heavy tripod, a middle shaft, a light pipe combination box, a detection device leveling mechanism and a computer, the portable theodolite on-site calibrating device is designed by taking an electronic internal focusing collimator as a core design and combining an integrated tablet computer and measuring software, has the characteristics of high detection precision and easiness in operation and maintenance, is small in size and convenient to carry and assemble, can be used for realizing on-site rapid calibration of a theodolite in various environments, and has a wide application prospect. According to the portable theodolite on-site calibrating device, the main collimator can be quickly subjected to auto-collimation calibration through the auto-collimation calibration mirror, the detection precision is improved, and the portable theodolite on-site calibrating device is simple to operate, easy to assemble and debug and simple to maintain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of theodolite metrology and testing, and in particular to a portable theodolite field calibration device and its calibration method. Background Technology

[0002] The invention of the theodolite was initially closely related to navigation. In the 15th and 16th centuries, developed countries such as England and France needed to create various maps and nautical charts due to navigation and warfare. The earliest mapmaking used triangulation, which involved determining the position of a third point at a distance based on observations from two known points. However, due to the lack of suitable instruments, angle measurement methods were limited and accuracy was low, resulting in inaccurate topographic maps. The invention of the theodolite improved the accuracy of angle observation, simplified the measurement and calculation process, and provided more precise data for mapmaking. Later, the theodolite was widely used in surveying for various engineering projects.

[0003] Theodolites integrate optics, precision mechanics, and electronic technology. Their performance and accuracy directly affect the overall accuracy of orientation and alignment, thus requiring regular verification and re-inspection. Currently, commonly used theodolite testing devices mainly include collimating collimators and micrometer collimators. These devices are mostly bulky and have limited functions. For example, the length of collimating collimators is greater than 2 meters, which can only be used for collimating targets at infinity or 30 meters. They are separated and fixed on the workbench of various metrology stations for theodolite verification, making rapid on-site verification impossible. Furthermore, traceability and transmission are extremely inconvenient, and the accuracy after calibration cannot be strictly guaranteed. In addition, the processing of metrological verification data requires a large amount of repetitive and tedious manual calculations, which poses a significant risk to the performance verification of theodolites and the final orientation accuracy.

[0004] Existing theodolite testing devices suffer from problems such as low testing accuracy, cumbersome operation, and difficult maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the problems of low detection accuracy, cumbersome operation and difficult maintenance of existing theodolite testing devices, the purpose of this invention is to provide a portable theodolite field calibration device and its calibration method. The device is designed with an electronic internal focusing collimator as the core, combined with an integrated tablet computer and measurement software, and features high detection accuracy, easy operation and easy maintenance.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A portable theodolite field calibration device includes: a heavy-duty tripod 1, a center column 2, a light tube assembly box 3, a testing device leveling mechanism 5, and a computer. The lower end of the center column 2 is connected to the top of the heavy-duty tripod 1, and the upper end of the center column 2 is connected to the bottom of the light tube assembly box 3 through the testing device leveling mechanism 5.

[0008] The optical tube assembly box 3 includes: an assembly box body, a lower collimator adjustment seat 301, a lower collimator 302, a main collimator 304, a main collimator adjustment seat 305, an upper collimator 306, and an upper collimator adjustment seat 307. The lower collimator adjustment seat 301, the main collimator adjustment seat 305, and the upper collimator adjustment seat 307 are all installed on the assembly box body. The lower collimator 302 is installed on the lower collimator adjustment seat 301, the main collimator 304 is installed on the main collimator adjustment seat 305, and the upper collimator 306 is installed on the upper collimator adjustment seat 307. The main collimator 304 is connected to the computer for data transmission.

[0009] The main collimator 304 is horizontally positioned, the lower collimator 302 is positioned below the main collimator 304 and inclined toward the main collimator 304, and the upper collimator 306 is positioned above the main collimator 304 and inclined toward the main collimator 304.

[0010] The aforementioned portable theodolite field calibration device further includes an operation panel 4 in the optical tube assembly box 3. The operation panel 4 is mounted on the assembly box body and is located below the lower collimator 302. The operation panel 4 is equipped with a main power switch 401, a main power indicator light 402, a charging interface socket 403, an upper collimator light source turn-on indicator light 404, an upper collimator adjustment knob 405, a main collimator light source turn-on indicator light 406, a main collimator adjustment knob 407, a lower collimator light source turn-on indicator light 408, and a lower collimator adjustment knob 409.

[0011] The aforementioned portable theodolite field calibration device includes a leveling mechanism 5 comprising: a central axis connecting part, a base plate 501 of a light tube assembly box, and leveling knobs 503. The central axis connecting part is installed on the upper end of the central axis 2. The bottom surface of the base plate 501 of the light tube assembly box is rotatably connected to the central axis connecting part. The light tube assembly box 3 is installed on the top surface of the base plate 501 of the light tube assembly box. Multiple leveling knobs 503 are installed on the bottom side of the central axis connecting part, and the ends of the multiple leveling knobs 503 abut against the bottom surface of the base plate 501 of the light tube assembly box.

[0012] The portable theodolite field calibration device described above, wherein the leveling mechanism 5 of the calibration device further includes: a locking button 502, the locking button 502 is installed on the central axis connection part, and the end of the locking button 502 abuts against the upper outer wall of the central axis 2.

[0013] The portable theodolite field calibration device described above, wherein the leveling mechanism 5 of the testing device further includes: a lateral bubble leveling screw 504 and a forward bubble leveling screw 505. Both the lateral bubble leveling screw 504 and the forward bubble leveling screw 505 are installed on the top surface of the bottom plate 501 of the optical tube assembly box. The forward bubble leveling screw 505 is located on the front side of the optical tube assembly box 3, and the lateral bubble leveling screw 504 is located on the left side of the optical tube assembly box 3.

[0014] The aforementioned portable theodolite field calibration device further includes, in the optical tube assembly box 3: an upper collimator horizontal adjustment knob 310, an upper collimator pitch adjustment knob 309, a main collimator horizontal adjustment knob 311, a main collimator pitch adjustment knob 312, a lower collimator pitch adjustment knob 313, and a lower collimator horizontal adjustment knob 314. The upper collimator horizontal adjustment knob 310 and the upper collimator pitch adjustment knob 309 are both mounted on the upper collimator adjustment base 307, the main collimator horizontal adjustment knob 311 and the main collimator pitch adjustment knob 312 are both mounted on the main collimator adjustment base 305, and the lower collimator pitch adjustment knob 313 and the lower collimator horizontal adjustment knob 314 are both mounted on the lower collimator adjustment base 301.

[0015] The aforementioned portable theodolite field calibration device includes a light tube assembly box 3, which further comprises an upper parallel light tube power plug 308 and a lower parallel light tube power plug 315. The upper parallel light tube power plug 308 is plugged into the rear end of the upper parallel light tube 306, and the lower parallel light tube power plug 315 is plugged into the rear end of the lower parallel light tube 302. Both the upper parallel light tube 306 and the lower parallel light tube 302 are electrically connected to the operation panel 4.

[0016] The aforementioned portable theodolite field calibration device includes a main collimator 304 comprising: a focusing lever locking knob 303, a main collimator tube 317, a limiting block locking screw 318, and a limiting block 319. The main collimator tube tube 317 is equipped with the focusing lever locking knob 303, the limiting block locking screw 318, and the limiting block 319.

[0017] A calibration method for a portable theodolite field calibration device, wherein the method applied to the aforementioned portable theodolite field calibration device includes the following steps:

[0018] A1: Turn on the power to the main collimator, connect the main collimator 304 to the computer using a USB data cable, and run the telescope observation software;

[0019] A2: Place the autocollimating lens 316 on the front end of the main collimator lens tube 317, aligning the notch with one side of the focusing lever locking knob 303. Move the focusing lever locking knob 303 to the frontmost position (infinity) and rotate the focusing lever locking knob 303 to lock it in place to prevent it from falling off.

[0020] A3: At this point, the crosshair should be visible in the software interface. If the crosshair is clear and the signal strength indicator bar on the software interface is green, it indicates that the infinity position is accurate and no calibration is required, and the verification is complete. If the image clarity is poor or the indicator bar is yellow or red, calibration is required.

[0021] A4: Loosen the limit block locking screw 318, loosen the focus lever locking knob 303, and while moving the focus lever locking knob 303 back and forth, observe the software interface until the crosshair image is clear and the image return signal strength indicator bar on the software interface is green.

[0022] A5: Locking focus lever and locking knob 303;

[0023] A6: While using a pointed tool to move the limit block 319 toward the front end of the main parallel light tube, tighten the limit block locking screw 318.

[0024] A7: Loosen the focusing lever locking knob 303, and repeatedly move the focusing lever locking knob 303 back and forth to the infinity position. Then observe whether the software interface meets the conditions of a clear crosshair image and the image return signal intensity indicator bar on the software interface is green. If it meets the conditions, the calibration is complete. Otherwise, repeat steps A3 to A7 until the calibration is complete.

[0025] The present invention, by employing the above-mentioned technology, has the following positive effects compared with the prior art:

[0026] (1) In this invention, the portable theodolite field calibration device is small in size, easy to carry and assemble, and can be used to quickly calibrate theodolites on site in various environments;

[0027] (2) In this invention, the portable theodolite field calibration device can quickly perform self-collimation calibration on the main collimator through the self-collimation calibration mirror, thereby improving the detection accuracy;

[0028] (3) In this invention, the portable theodolite field calibration device is simple to operate, easy to assemble and debug, and has the characteristics of simple maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a portable theodolite field calibration device according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the optical tube assembly box of a portable theodolite field calibration device according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a front view of the optical tube assembly box of a portable theodolite field calibration device according to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the operation panel of a portable theodolite field calibration device according to the present invention.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the leveling mechanism of the testing device of a portable theodolite field calibration device according to the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the self-collimation calibration of the main collimator of a portable theodolite field calibration device according to the present invention.

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the detection status of a portable theodolite field calibration device according to the present invention.

[0036] In the attached diagram: 1. Heavy-duty tripod; 2. Center column; 3. Collimator assembly box; 4. Control panel; 5. Leveling mechanism for the detection device; 6. Theodolite; 301. Lower collimator adjustment seat; 302. Lower collimator; 303. Focusing lever locking knob; 304. Main collimator; 305. Main collimator adjustment seat; 306. Upper collimator; 307. Upper collimator adjustment seat; 308. Upper collimator power plug; 309. Upper collimator pitch adjustment knob; 310. Upper collimator horizontal adjustment knob; 311. Main collimator horizontal adjustment knob; 312. Main collimator pitch adjustment knob; 313. Lower collimator pitch adjustment knob; 314. Lower collimator horizontal adjustment knob 315. Lower collimator power plug; 316. Autocollimator lens; 317. Main collimator barrel; 318. Limit block locking screw; 319. Limit block; 401. Main power switch; 402. Main power indicator light; 403. Charging interface socket; 404. Upper collimator light source on indicator light; 405. Upper collimator adjustment knob; 406. Main collimator light source on indicator light; 407. Main collimator adjustment knob; 408. Lower collimator light source on indicator light; 409. Lower collimator adjustment knob; 501. Collimator assembly box base plate; 502. Locking knob; 503. Leveling knob; 504. Lateral bubble level adjustment screw; 505. Forward bubble level adjustment screw. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but this is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0038] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a portable theodolite field calibration device is shown, which includes: a heavy-duty tripod 1, a center column 2, a light tube assembly box 3, and a testing device leveling mechanism 5. The lower end of the center column 2 is connected to the top of the heavy-duty tripod 1, and the upper end of the center column 2 is connected to the bottom of the light tube assembly box 3 through the testing device leveling mechanism 5.

[0039] The optical tube assembly box 3 includes: an assembly box body, a lower collimator adjustment seat 301, a lower collimator 302, a main collimator 304, a main collimator adjustment seat 305, an upper collimator 306, and an upper collimator adjustment seat 307. The lower collimator adjustment seat 301, the main collimator adjustment seat 305, and the upper collimator adjustment seat 307 are all installed on the assembly box body. The lower collimator 302 is installed on the lower collimator adjustment seat 301, the main collimator 304 is installed on the main collimator adjustment seat 305, and the upper collimator 306 is installed on the upper collimator adjustment seat 307.

[0040] The main collimator 304 is horizontally positioned, the lower collimator 302 is positioned below the main collimator 304 and inclined toward the main collimator 304, and the upper collimator 306 is positioned above the main collimator 304 and inclined toward the main collimator 304.

[0041] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the light tube combination box 3 further includes: an operation panel 4, which is installed on the box body and located below the lower parallel light tube 302. The operation panel 4 is provided with a main power switch 401, a main power indicator light 402, a charging interface socket 403, an upper parallel light tube light source turn-on indicator light 404, an upper parallel light tube adjustment knob 405, a main parallel light tube light source turn-on indicator light 406, a main parallel light tube adjustment knob 407, a lower parallel light tube light source turn-on indicator light 408, and a lower parallel light tube adjustment knob 409.

[0042] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the leveling mechanism 5 of the detection device includes: a central shaft connecting part, a bottom plate 501 of the light tube assembly box, and leveling knobs 503. The central shaft connecting part is installed on the upper end of the central shaft 2. The bottom surface of the bottom plate 501 of the light tube assembly box is rotatably connected to the central shaft connecting part. The light tube assembly box 3 is installed on the top surface of the bottom plate 501 of the light tube assembly box. A plurality of leveling knobs 503 are installed on the bottom side of the central shaft connecting part, and the ends of the plurality of leveling knobs 503 abut against the bottom surface of the bottom plate 501 of the light tube assembly box.

[0043] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the leveling mechanism 5 of the detection device further includes a locking button 502, which is mounted on the central shaft connection and the end of the locking button 502 abuts against the upper outer wall of the central shaft 2.

[0044] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the leveling mechanism 5 of the detection device further includes: a lateral bubble leveling screw 504 and a forward bubble leveling screw 505. Both the lateral bubble leveling screw 504 and the forward bubble leveling screw 505 are installed on the top surface of the bottom plate 501 of the light tube assembly box. The forward bubble leveling screw 505 is located on the front side of the light tube assembly box 3, and the lateral bubble leveling screw 504 is located on the left side of the light tube assembly box 3.

[0045] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the optical tube assembly box 3 further includes: an upper collimator horizontal adjustment knob 310, an upper collimator pitch adjustment knob 309, a main collimator horizontal adjustment knob 311, a main collimator pitch adjustment knob 312, a lower collimator pitch adjustment knob 313, and a lower collimator horizontal adjustment knob 314. The upper collimator horizontal adjustment knob 310 and the upper collimator pitch adjustment knob 309 are both mounted on the upper collimator adjustment seat 307, the main collimator horizontal adjustment knob 311 and the main collimator pitch adjustment knob 312 are both mounted on the main collimator adjustment seat 305, and the lower collimator pitch adjustment knob 313 and the lower collimator horizontal adjustment knob 314 are both mounted on the lower collimator adjustment seat 301.

[0046] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the light tube assembly box 3 further includes: an upper parallel light tube power plug 308 and a lower parallel light tube power plug 315. The upper parallel light tube power plug 308 is inserted into the rear end of the upper parallel light tube 306, and the lower parallel light tube power plug 315 is inserted into the rear end of the lower parallel light tube 302. Both the upper parallel light tube 306 and the lower parallel light tube 302 are electrically connected to the operation panel 4.

[0047] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the main collimator 304 includes: a main collimator focusing lever 303, a main collimator lens barrel 317, a limiting block locking screw 318, and a limiting block 319, with the main collimator lens barrel 317 equipped with the main collimator focusing lever 303, the limiting block locking screw 318, and the limiting block 319.

[0048] A calibration method for a portable theodolite field calibration device, wherein the method, applied to the portable theodolite field calibration device, includes the following steps:

[0049] A1: Turn on the power to the main collimator, connect the main collimator 304 to the computer using a USB data cable, and run the telescope observation software;

[0050] A2: Place the autocollimating lens 316 on the front end of the main collimator lens tube 317, aligning the notch with one side of the focusing lever locking knob 303. Move the focusing lever locking knob 303 to the frontmost position (infinity) and rotate the focusing lever locking knob 303 to lock it in place to prevent it from falling off.

[0051] A3: At this point, the crosshair should be visible in the software interface. If the crosshair is clear and the signal strength indicator bar on the software interface is green, it indicates that the infinity position is accurate and no calibration is required, and the verification is complete. If the image clarity is poor or the indicator bar is yellow or red, calibration is required.

[0052] A4: Loosen the limit block locking screw 318, loosen the focus lever locking knob 303, and while moving the focus lever locking knob 303 back and forth, observe the software interface until the crosshair image is clear and the image return signal strength indicator bar on the software interface is green.

[0053] A5: Locking focus lever and locking knob 303;

[0054] A6: While using a pointed tool to move the limit block 319 toward the front end of the main parallel light tube, tighten the limit block locking screw 318.

[0055] A7: Loosen the focusing lever locking knob 303, and repeatedly move the focusing lever locking knob 303 back and forth to the infinity position. Then observe whether the software interface meets the conditions of a clear crosshair image and the image return signal intensity indicator bar on the software interface is green. If it meets the conditions, the calibration is complete. Otherwise, repeat steps A3 to A7 until the calibration is complete.

[0056] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the implementation methods and protection scope of the present invention.

[0057] In addition to the above, the present invention also has the following embodiments:

[0058] This invention provides a portable theodolite field calibration device, comprising an electronic internal focusing collimator, an upper collimator 306, a lower collimator 302, a collimator assembly box 3, a lifting central axis 2, a height-adjustable heavy-duty tripod 1, and a portable computer. It features: a modular design for simple and reliable structure; retractable accessories for easy installation and maintenance; accuracy of all tests meets metrological verification requirements; a fully electronic design eliminates the need for manual aiming of the collimator, with the computer screen directly displaying the electronic video eyepiece image; automatic calculation of measurement results and generation of test reports; the device can be configured for DC or AC power supply to meet different user needs; and various optional accessories are available to expand the testing scope.

[0059] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the theodolite field calibration device is used to test the theodolite 6. The main testing items of the theodolite field calibration device are: 1) leveling accuracy test; 2) collimation error 2C test; 3) telescope focusing error test; 4) perpendicularity test of horizontal axis and vertical axis test; 5) leveling error test; 6) horizontal angle measurement accuracy test; 7) subdivision error test.

[0060] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the theodolite field calibration device has the following features: a split design, simple and reliable structure, retractable accessories for easy installation and maintenance; all testing accuracies meet the requirements of metrological verification procedures; a fully electronic design, eliminating the need for manual observation and aiming of the collimator, with the computer screen directly displaying the electronic video eyepiece image; automatic calculation of measurement results and generation of test reports; the testing device can be configured as a DC-powered or AC-powered version to meet the needs of different users; and a variety of optional accessories to expand the testing items.

[0061] In a further embodiment of the present invention, a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the detection device is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the device mainly consists of an electronically focused collimator (main collimator 304), upper and lower collimators 302, a collimator assembly box 3, a height-adjustable heavy-duty tripod 1, and a portable computer.

[0062] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the collimator assembly box 3 is used to stably install three collimators for equipment testing, and adopts a fixed structure design; the upper collimator 306 is installed at a downward tilt of 20°, and is combined with the lower collimator 302 to detect the verticality error of the theodolite's horizontal and vertical axes; the lower collimator 302 is installed at an upward tilt of 20°, and is combined with the upper collimator 306 to detect the verticality error of the theodolite's horizontal and vertical axes; the electronic internal focusing collimator (main collimator 304) is horizontally placed, providing multiple distance targets and can be used as an electronic autocollimator for high-precision angle measurement. The main collimator 304 is used to measure the horizontal angle measurement accuracy, collimation error, telescope focusing error, and coaxiality deviation between the collimation optical axis of the autocollimator and the telescope's line of sight of the theodolite; a portable computer is connected to the main collimator 304 and runs measurement software to realize autocollimation angle measurement, electronic telescope functions, etc., with real-time video display of autocollimation feedback and electronic reticle display. The detection data is automatically processed and a measurement report is output. The heavy-duty tripod 1 features a lightweight yet heavy-load design, with two-stage telescopic legs that allow for adjustment within a certain range, thus providing a certain lifting function. The lifting center axis 2 employs a lockable precision gear and rack lifting mechanism to achieve precise and fine-tuning of the equipment height. The theodolite 6 is independently mounted, with its telescope optical axis center aligned with the optical axis center of the main collimator 304 of the detection device. The 12-faceted metal prism is used to test the accuracy of horizontal angle measurement. During use, the equipment lifting platform is lowered and adjusted to be aligned with the optical axis of the main collimator 304.

[0063] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the design of the present invention is based on the National Metrological Verification Regulations of the People's Republic of China, "JJG414-2011 Optical Theodolite" and "JJG949-2011 Theodolite Verification Device". The main technical indicators and parameters of this device are based on "JJG949-2011 Theodolite Verification Device", and are proposed in combination with the characteristics and requirements of the present invention:

[0064] Serial Number Key technical indicators and parameters Remark 1 Collimator reticle graduation error: The graduation error of the collimator reticle of the theodolite calibration device should not exceed 3″ / division. JJG949-2011 Theodolite Calibration Device: Clause 4.1 2 Straightness of the line of sight of the collimator: The straightness of the line of sight of the collimator of the theodolite calibration device should not exceed 3″. JJG949-2011 Theodolite Calibration Device: Clause 4.3. 3 Horizontal target positioning repeatability: The horizontal target positioning repeatability of the theodolite calibration device should not exceed 0.3″. JJG949-2011 Theodolite Calibration Devices: Clause 4.4. 4 Vertical target positioning repeatability: The vertical target positioning repeatability of the theodolite calibration device should not exceed 1″. JJG949-2011 Theodolite Calibration Devices: Clause 4.5. 5 The upper collimator 306 is tilted downwards by 20°; the lower collimator 302 is tilted upwards by 20°; the symmetry is ≤30″. Features and requirements of this invention 6 Main collimator 304: Infinity telescope field of view 0.5°; autocollimation measurement range 2000ʺ×1400ʺ; autocollimation measurement resolution 0.03ʺ; autocollimation measurement accuracy (within ±100ʺ) 0.3ʺ; autocollimation measurement accuracy (full range) 0.5ʺ. Features and requirements of this invention

[0065] In a further embodiment of the present invention, a portable theodolite field calibration device includes an electronic internal focusing collimator, an upper collimator 306, a lower collimator 302, a collimator assembly box 3, a lifting central axis 2, a height-adjustable heavy-duty tripod 1, and a portable computer; wherein:

[0066] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the optical tube assembly box 3 is used to stably install three parallel optical tubes for equipment testing, and adopts a fixed structure design;

[0067] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the upper parallel light tube 306 is installed at a downward tilt of 20° and is combined with the lower parallel light tube 302 to detect the verticality error of the theodolite's horizontal and vertical axes;

[0068] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the lower parallel light tube 302 is installed at an upward tilt of 20° and is combined with the upper parallel light tube 306 to detect the perpendicularity error of the horizontal and vertical axes of the theodolite.

[0069] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the electronic internal focusing collimator is horizontally positioned, providing multiple distance targets and serving as an electronic autocollimator for high-precision angle measurement. The main collimator 304 is used to measure the horizontal angle measurement accuracy of the theodolite, the collimation error, the telescope focusing error, and the coaxiality deviation between the collimating optical axis of the autocollimating theodolite and the line of sight of the telescope.

[0070] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the portable computer is connected to the main collimator 304 and runs measurement software to realize self-collimation angle measurement, electronic telescope functions, etc., real-time video display of self-collimation image return, and electronic reticle display. The detection data is automatically processed and a measurement report is output.

[0071] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the lifting central shaft 2 adopts a lockable precision gear and rack lifting mechanism to achieve precise and fine-tuning of the equipment height;

[0072] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the liftable heavy-duty tripod 1 adopts a lightweight heavy-duty design, and the two-stage telescopic legs can be adjusted within a certain range to have a certain lifting function.

[0073] The electronic internal focusing collimator consists of an objective lens assembly, a light source reticle assembly, a photoelectric sensor assembly, and a beam splitter assembly.

[0074] Among them, the electronic internal focusing collimator is designed based on the principles of optical collimation and optical autocollimation, and the reticle and the photosensitive surface of the photoelectric sensor form a conjugate optical structure through a beam splitter prism.

[0075] The upper and lower parallel light tubes consist of an objective lens, a lens barrel, a light source, and a reticle assembly.

[0076] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the portable theodolite field calibration device of the present invention has the following features: a split design, simple and reliable structure, retractable accessories, and easy installation and maintenance; all detection accuracies meet the requirements of metrological verification procedures; a fully electronic design, eliminating the need for manual observation and aiming of the collimator, and directly displaying the electronic video eyepiece image on the computer screen; automatic calculation of measurement results and generation of test reports; the testing device can be configured as a DC power supply version or an AC power supply version to meet the needs of different users; and a variety of additional optional accessories to expand the testing items.

[0077] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the main collimator 304, as the core measuring component of the detection device, largely determines the overall accuracy and reliability of the detection device based on its performance and accuracy. Therefore, in the design, our mature internal focusing electronic autocollimator product platform will be further developed and upgraded according to the requirements of the detection device, thereby ensuring the successful development of the entire device.

[0078] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the basic principle and composition of the electronically focused collimator are summarized. The electronically focused collimator mainly consists of an objective lens assembly, a light source reticle assembly, a photoelectric sensor assembly, and a beam splitter assembly. The functions of each component are described below:

[0079] Objective lens assembly The objective lens assembly consists of a primary objective lens and a float objective lens, with an effective aperture of 25mm. When the float objective lens moves linearly along the optical axis via the focusing mechanism, it can achieve autocollimation (imaging at infinity), electronic telescope (positive non-infinity), and target simulation (negative non-infinity) functions, respectively. Light source reticle assembly The reticle uses a dark-field bright crosshair with a clef width of 0.025mm. The light source is a high-power LED with a center wavelength of 550nm, providing a very comfortable viewing experience. Beam splitter assembly It completes the functions of guiding the light emitted from the light source and guiding the imaging beam, as well as 1:1 separation. Photoelectric sensor components This component captures images from autocollimation or external optical systems, preprocesses them, and then transmits the data to a host computer via USB for use by measurement software. The sensor employs a large-area, high-resolution image sensor, and the software displays real-time video through an electronic eyepiece, which can completely replace traditional optical eyepieces.

[0080] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the electronically focused collimator is designed based on the principles of optical collimation and optical autocollimation. The reticle and the photosensitive surface of the photoelectric sensor form a conjugate optical structure via a beam splitter prism. When the floating mirror group is adjusted to infinity (autocollimation state), the light source projects the reticle pattern to infinity through the optical system. After reflection from the plane to be measured at the front end of the collimator, the image is clearly imaged onto the photosensitive surface of the photoelectric sensor. When the emission angle of the plane to be measured deflects, the received crosshair image will generate a corresponding displacement ΔS. By accurately measuring this displacement, the deflection angle α of the reflecting surface can be calculated according to the formula attached to the figure above, thus completing the autocollimation angle measurement function. With the help of the development of modern electronic technology, combined with high-resolution, high-precision photoelectric image sensors and high-precision subdivision technology, the accuracy of autocollimation angle measurement can be improved by several times or even an order of magnitude compared to traditional optical autocollimators. This is currently the mainstream technology for autocollimation measurement applications.

[0081] In a further embodiment of the present invention, when the floating mirror group deviates from the infinity position, the reticle pattern is projected to a finite position (real image or virtual image). At this time, the collimator can be used as an internal focusing electronic telescope (positive non-infinity), used for finite target simulation (negative non-infinity), or confocal with a spherical optical system (such as a spherical mirror, lens, etc.) to form an equivalent self-collimation function, thereby completing some specific optical measurement functions.

[0082] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the electronic internal focusing collimator adopts a mature electronic internal focusing autocollimator platform design. This platform has been tested and used by multiple user units and verified in the market. The optical components are all mass-produced, and their consistency, stability and reliability can be guaranteed.

[0083] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the optical design of the focusing objective lens adopts a large stroke design for the floatation objective lens, with an optical design stroke of more than 40mm. The advantages of this are obvious: the focusing coverage is wider, and for electronic telescope observation applications and target simulation applications, the observed object distance range is larger and more target simulation positions are available; since the autocollimation (infinity) position accuracy is also relatively higher, the frequency requirement for later maintenance and calibration is reduced accordingly, and the accuracy of autocollimation angle measurement is also improved.

[0084] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the focusing structure adopts a linear rotation adjustment mechanism, and the simulated distances to the target are marked with position markers (such as 1m, 2m, 3m... infinity). The lens group does not rotate during focusing, and the long stroke structure also helps to ensure that the coaxiality deviation of the optical axis center is within the design requirements during focusing. The focusing mechanism is located at the front end of the lens tube, which allows the operator to operate the focusing and locking mechanism with one hand while observing the theodolite eyepiece.

[0085] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the beam splitter assembly, the light source reticle assembly, and the photoelectric sensor assembly all adopt existing structural components.

[0086] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the reticle adopts a dark-field bright cross-shaped reticle with a reticle width of 0.025mm. The dark-field reticle provides high contrast when aimed with a theodolite, is less affected by stray light, and makes aiming more convenient and faster.

[0087] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the circuit design includes two main modules: a photoelectric sensor module and a light source control module.

[0088] 1) Photoelectric sensor module: Designed according to industrial-grade application environment standards, all ICs and other components are industrial-grade (domestic chips are used where possible), and the PCB uses a multi-layer board, which has good stability, durability and industrial anti-interference performance. The photoelectric sensor circuit module adopts low-power all-digital design technology, with a typical power consumption of <1W, and is directly powered by a USB interface, featuring plug-and-play functionality.

[0089] 2) Light Source Control Module: The light source drive control adopts high-frequency PWM constant current drive control technology based on DC-DC conversion. The design achieves a DC-DC conversion efficiency of over 90%, with minimal self-heating. The module is separately arranged from the LED chip, further reducing the heat generation of the light source component. The PWM control frequency can reach 200kHz-600kHz, providing comfortable aiming and flicker-free viewing for the human eye. It also allows for stepless dimming from full off to full power. A 3W high-power green LED is selected, with a designed full-power output lifespan of over 20,000 hours, minimizing the need for maintenance and spare parts.

[0090] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the measurement software combines existing internal focusing autocollimation measurement software and internal focusing telescope software, and adds corresponding measurement modules, data analysis and processing modules, and report output modules according to the detection items of the detection device. Existing measurement software has a simple and user-friendly interface and is easy to operate.

[0091] In a further embodiment of the present invention, modern electronic autocollimator products generally adopt subdivision technology to further improve the measurement accuracy of the product. After subdivision by digital subdivision technology, the resolution can be improved by 64 times or more.

[0092] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the autocollimation measurement accuracy is analyzed as follows: the software resolution after 64 subdivisions is 0.03 μm. The detection accuracy of a typical product is 5 to 10 times the resolution. Therefore, the autocollimation angle measurement accuracy of the main collimator 304 can conservatively reach 0.3 μm.

[0093] In a further embodiment of the present invention, when measuring with a telescope, since the crosshairs of the autocollimating theodolite are directly observed, the resolution and accuracy of the autocollimating theodolite are both 2 times that of the autocollimating theodolite. Therefore, the angular measurement accuracy in telescope mode can reach 0.5 μm.

[0094] In a further embodiment of the present invention, since the photosensitive surface of the photoelectric sensor is directly placed in the optical conjugate plane, and both the sensor pixels and the reticle are manufactured using semiconductor processes to ensure their marking accuracy, the aforementioned accuracy analysis can be guaranteed. In common video-enhancing and non-fully electronic design schemes based on traditional optical collimators, the photoelectric sensor uses an additional imaging lens to perform secondary imaging of the visual reticle. Although this can eliminate human eye aiming errors to some extent, the added beam splitting and secondary imaging components inevitably introduce additional optical aberrations and distortions. These increased system errors cause a loss of measurement accuracy, which cannot compare with the solution of the present invention.

[0095] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the design advantages of the electronically focused collimator are:

[0096] 1) It adopts a linear adjustment scheme with a large-stroke floating lens, which has the characteristics of wide focusing range and high positioning accuracy. At the same time, the optical components do not rotate during the focusing process, and the optical axis has excellent coaxiality.

[0097] 2) The optoelectronic sensor assembly, which adopts independent industrial design, has its photosensitive surface directly mounted on the reticle conjugate surface. Compared with the commonly used traditional optical eyepiece assembly with the extended receiving camera solution, the overall structure is more compact.

[0098] 3) It adopts high-power green LED and stepless adjustable constant current LED driving technology, which has the advantages of low power consumption and low heat generation; at the same time, it can meet the application requirements of theodolite aiming and observation in small aperture optical design. The overall size of the product is small and the weight is light, which meets the requirements of portable design.

[0099] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the optics, mechanics, circuitry, and software are all independently designed and manufactured. Key components adopt mature mass-production design schemes, resulting in products with high precision, excellent stability, reliability, and durability, providing users with long-term and effective after-sales and maintenance support.

[0100] In a further embodiment of the present invention, a laser image finder (optional) is provided for the user. The image finder is designed to be fitted onto the front end of the main collimator 304 and provides two functions: pointing the optical axis of the main collimator 304 to facilitate the adjustment of the equipment lifting platform to align the center height of the theodolite telescope optical axis with the optical axis of the main collimator 304; and assisting in image finding by self-collimation of the main collimator 304 when a metal polyhedron is erected.

[0101] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the autocollimator (optional) is installed in the same way as the laser image finder, and has a built-in high-precision plane mirror that has been finely adjusted at the factory. It is used to periodically calibrate the autocollimation position of the main collimator 304. The autocollimation position can be determined by the autocollimation image quality indicator bar of the measurement software.

[0102] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the theodolite eyepiece illumination accessory (optional) is fitted onto the theodolite telescope eyepiece to provide illumination for the theodolite reticle. It can receive the theodolite reticle image through the main collimator electron telescope and complete the corresponding measurement functions.

[0103] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the upper and lower parallel light tubes provide an infinitely distant aiming target for the theodolite, mainly used to detect the perpendicularity deviation of the theodolite's horizontal and vertical axes. The light tubes mainly consist of an objective lens, a lens barrel, a light source, and a reticle assembly.

[0104] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the objective lens is a self-designed achromatic doublet with an effective aperture of 32mm and a focal length of 300mm. This objective lens is a mass-produced optical component. The light source and reticle assembly are the same as the main collimator 304, featuring a high-power green LED-illuminated dark-field bright crosshair reticle with a reticle width of 0.025mm.

[0105] In a further embodiment of the present invention, considering that the frequency of use is not high, the light source adopts a fixed non-adjustable brightness power supply module design to simplify the power supply complexity and operation convenience of the equipment system.

[0106] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the upper and lower collimators can be expanded into electronic collimators for use with a computer, depending on user needs. When the software turns on the light source, it functions as a regular collimator; when the software turns off the light source, it functions as a collimating telescope to receive reticle images from a collimating theodolite and perform corresponding measurement applications. The expanded electronic collimator will be powered by USB to further simplify the system's electrical connections.

[0107] In a further embodiment of the present invention, since the circuit and software modules involved in digital imaging and transmission are all independently designed, the data transmission efficiency and the underlying driver software design have been optimized according to application requirements. Stable and mature high-precision algorithm modules are used, significantly reducing the requirements for computer CPU, memory, and related hardware configurations. Therefore, the industrial panel PC can use a low-power, conventional configuration to cover the application requirements of the detection device.

[0108] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the portable computer option adopts a well-known brand in the market, prioritizing low-power fanless system configurations and models with DC power input, and equipped with a power adapter to simultaneously meet AC power supply requirements. A typical configuration includes: CPU: low-power i5 core, memory: 4GB, hard drive: 120GB SSD or higher, and interfaces: USB 2.0 x 4 or higher.

[0109] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the power supply of the device can be ultimately configured as an AC power supply version or a DC power supply version according to user needs.

[0110] In a further embodiment of the invention, the AC-powered version completes the power distribution and adjustment functions for all power supply components within the power supply compartment of the base. The tablet computer is powered by a built-in industrial AC-DC power module. The constant current dimming drive module for the main collimator 304 and the constant current fixed drive modules for the other three collimators are also built-in. The panel includes light source control connectors for the four collimators and a dimming knob for the main collimator 304. A PDU distribution module is used inside the electrical control box to ensure the stability and reliability of the power supply to each part.

[0111] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the DC power supply version is intended to use a 12V DC input to power the industrial tablet PC and the four parallel light source controllers in the power supply compartment.

[0112] In a further embodiment of the present invention, an electronically internally focusing collimator (main collimator 304) is used.

[0113] name Specifications and parameters objective lens focal length 300mm Effective optical aperture 25mm Light source type High-power semiconductor light source, center wavelength 550nm reticle Bright crosshair in dark-view field, line width 0.025mm photoelectric sensor High-resolution image sensor eyepiece Real-time video images with superimposed electronic reticle lines Video frame rate 15fps interface USB high-speed data bus interface Infinity telescope field of view 0.5° Self-collimation measurement range 2000ʺ×1400ʺ Autocollimation measurement resolution 0.03ʺ Self-collimation measurement accuracy (within ±100ʺ) 0.3ʺ Autocollimation measurement accuracy (full range) 0.5ʺ Focusing range ∞~-1000mm Target simulation location 1 meter, 2 meters, infinity

[0114] In a further embodiment of the present invention, upper and lower parallel light tubes

[0115] name Specifications and parameters objective lens focal length 300mm Effective optical aperture 32mm Light source type High-power semiconductor light source, center wavelength 550nm reticle Bright crosshair in dark-view field, line width 0.025mm

[0116] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the security design includes:

[0117] 1) Protective measures for mechanical structures

[0118] The overall support structure of the equipment is integrated, and the parallel light tubes are all designed with a clamping fastening structure to prevent accidental movement during use.

[0119] 2) Power supply protection measures

[0120] The AC power supply version uses an industry-standard PDU power distribution module, while the DC power supply is a product with overcurrent, overload, and overheat protection.

[0121] 3) Protection of the environment and personal safety

[0122] The maintenance components are easily accessible, preventing injury to personnel during maintenance. Modular installation facilitates convenient and safe handling and packing.

[0123] In a further embodiment of the present invention, reliability design is emphasized: the system design utilizes a proprietary mature product application platform combined with OEM methods. Except for the self-designed optical, mechanical, electrical, and software components, all other parts employ high-quality standardized products from well-known domestic and international companies, thus significantly improving system reliability. The self-designed circuits are all mature designs, and the components are all industrial-grade products, ensuring high reliability. Various operating functions, operating modes, and faults are monitored in real time and indicated on the display for operator convenience. To further enhance system reliability, a modular design approach is adopted in the software design, striving to reduce unnecessary software interventions.

[0124] In a further embodiment of the present invention, maintainability design is implemented as follows: Based on relevant national standards and specifications, and combined with the specific requirements of the new testing equipment, system maintenance design specifications are determined, defining maintainability requirements such as testing speed, interchangeability, and modularity. Sufficient space is provided for maintenance operations during the structural design process, including space for tools, ensuring rapid and convenient maintenance. Improving the standardization of system modules can greatly simplify maintenance, facilitate disassembly and repair, and reduce the burden of maintenance. Comprehensive error prevention measures and identification markings are provided. The structural design ensures that installation, replacement, and connector installation will not result in errors or incorrect installation. Necessary text, labels, and symbols are also provided. Necessary protective measures are taken to prevent injury to maintenance personnel during maintenance. Fault location is accurate and quick, shortening maintenance time.

[0125] In a further embodiment of the invention, testability design typically combines self-testing, offline automated testing, and manual testing to provide testing capabilities that meet system reliability and lifecycle cost requirements. The main tasks include: integrating testability design as a component of product design; incorporating suitable testability design schemes into the product design; implementing design principles in the design; qualitatively analyzing and evaluating the selected testability design scheme to ensure the design achieves the required level of testability; and modifying the design until the inherent testability level meets or exceeds the minimum requirements.

[0126] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the safeguard design includes the following main contents: whether the safeguard work items meet the technical agreement requirements; whether the proposed design scheme can meet the safeguard requirements; whether the safeguard design criteria meet the system design criteria requirements and whether they take into account the product characteristics; and the completion status of the safeguard work plan.

[0127] In a further embodiment of the present invention, electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) design is employed. EMC refers to the ability of an electronic system and its components to function effectively and harmoniously in various electromagnetic environments. The purpose of EMC design is to suppress external interference, enabling circuits and devices to operate normally in a specified electromagnetic environment, while simultaneously reducing its own electromagnetic interference to other devices. In the design, digital circuits and analog circuits, as well as small-signal circuits and high-power circuits, are powered in parallel. Long parallel traces are avoided as much as possible during wiring design; the distance between lines is maximized, and signal lines, ground lines, and power lines are kept as separate as possible. Digital ground and analog ground are not internally connected; shielding ground and power ground are set separately; and decoupling filter capacitors are grounded nearby.

[0128] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the collimation error is detected as follows: The collimation error is detected by observing the main collimator 304 through the upright and inverted mirrors of the theodolite, obtaining the horizontal angle values ​​H_upright and H_inverted of the upright and inverted mirrors, respectively.

[0129]

[0130] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the perpendicularity of the horizontal and vertical axes is detected by aiming a theodolite at the upper and lower collimators respectively, and obtaining the index differences Cupper and Clower between the upper and lower points. Then:

[0131]

[0132] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the telescope focusing error is detected as follows: by aiming the theodolite at the near and far points of the main collimator 304, and waiting until the index difference between the near and far points, Cnear and Cfar, is found, then:

[0133]

[0134] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the horizontal angle measurement accuracy is tested as follows: A 12-faceted metal prism is placed above the theodolite, and the theodolite is leveled. The prism mounting device is then leveled, and the equipment lifting platform is adjusted so that the optical center of the prism is at the same height as the optical axis of the main collimator 304. The main collimator 304 is adjusted to the autocollimation measurement position. The software observes the autocollimation return video image and angle values. The horizontal rotation of the theodolite is finely adjusted so that the autocollimation return reading is near zero. After setting both the horizontal angle of the theodolite and the autocollimation angle of the main collimator 304 to zero, measurements are started. Measurements are performed at 30° intervals, and the horizontal angle value of the theodolite is recorded (fine adjustments can be made to ensure the angle value is an integer value of 30°, in which case manual recording is unnecessary). The autocollimation measurement value is recorded by the software. This completes one round of testing. The recorded theodolite angle values ​​are manually entered into the software (if the adjustment is an integer reading, no input is required). The measurement software calculates the angle measurement limit error result based on the recorded autocollimation reading and the angle deviation of each working face of the hexahedron calibration.

[0135] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the subdivision error detection is performed: referring to the measurement steps in the horizontal angle measurement accuracy detection test, the software displays the nominal angle value at this time, then fine-tunes the horizontal angle value of the theodolite to make it the same as the nominal angle value, and records the fine-tuning difference at this time, thus completing one round of detection.

[0136] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the portable theodolite field calibration device is small in size, easy to carry and assemble, and can be used to perform rapid on-site calibration of theodolite 6 in various environments;

[0137] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the portable theodolite field calibration device can quickly perform self-collimation calibration on the main collimator 304 through the self-collimation calibration mirror 316, thereby improving the detection accuracy.

[0138] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the portable theodolite field calibration device is simple to operate, easy to assemble and debug, and has the characteristics of simple maintenance.

[0139] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the connection structure of the heavy-duty tripod 1, the central axis 2, and the optical tube assembly box 3 is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the horizontal height of the optical tube assembly box 3 can be adjusted by adjusting the opening angle of the heavy-duty tripod 1 and the locking height of the central axis 2 on the heavy-duty tripod 1, so as to facilitate the testing of the theodolite 6.

[0140] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the structure of the leveling mechanism 5 of the detection device is as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the optical tube assembly box 3 is installed on the base plate 501 of the optical tube assembly box. By adjusting the multiple leveling knobs 503, it can be ensured that the base plate 501 of the optical tube assembly box is in the horizontal plane. When the optical tube assembly box 3 is rotated to different directions with the base plate 501 of the optical tube assembly box, the axis of the main parallel optical tube 304 is still in the horizontal plane and does not tilt.

[0141] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the structure of the leveling mechanism 5 of the detection device is as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, by tightening the locking knob 502, the base of the leveling mechanism 5 of the detection device installed on the upper end of the central shaft 2 can be locked and fixed, while the bottom plate 501 of the light tube combination box can rotate freely relative to the base of the leveling mechanism 5 of the detection device.

[0142] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the upper collimator 306, the main collimator 304 and the lower collimator 302 are all electrically connected to the light tube assembly box 3, and the brightness and on / off state of the upper collimator 306, the main collimator 304 and the lower collimator 302 are adjusted by the operation panel 4 located on the light tube assembly box 3.

[0143] In a further embodiment of the present invention, an upper collimator horizontal adjustment knob 310 and an upper collimator pitch adjustment knob 309 are installed on the upper collimator adjustment base 307. The horizontal angle of the upper collimator 306 is finely adjusted by rotating the upper collimator horizontal adjustment knob 310, and the pitch angle of the upper collimator 306 is finely adjusted by rotating the upper collimator pitch adjustment knob 309.

[0144] In a further embodiment of the present invention, a main collimator horizontal adjustment knob 311 and a main collimator pitch adjustment knob 312 are installed on the main collimator adjustment base 305. The horizontal angle of the main collimator 304 is finely adjusted by rotating the main collimator horizontal adjustment knob 311, and the pitch angle of the main collimator 304 is finely adjusted by rotating the main collimator pitch adjustment knob 312.

[0145] In a further embodiment of the present invention, a lower collimator pitch adjustment knob 313 and a lower collimator horizontal adjustment knob 314 are installed on the lower collimator adjustment base 301. The horizontal angle of the lower collimator 302 is finely adjusted by rotating the lower collimator horizontal adjustment knob 314, and the pitch angle of the lower collimator 302 is finely adjusted by rotating the lower collimator pitch adjustment knob 313.

[0146] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the light tube assembly box 3 has a built-in battery and is connected to the operation panel 4, and the built-in battery supplies power to the upper parallel light tube 306, the main parallel light tube 304 and the lower parallel light tube 302.

[0147] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the implementation methods and protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should recognize that any equivalent substitutions and obvious changes made based on the description and illustrations of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A portable theodolite field calibration device, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a heavy tripod (1), a middle shaft (2), a light pipe combination box (3), a detection device leveling mechanism (5) and a computer, the lower end of the middle shaft (2) is connected with the top of the heavy tripod (1), and the upper end of the middle shaft (2) is connected with the bottom of the light pipe combination box (3) through the detection device leveling mechanism (5). The light pipe combination box (3) comprises a combination box body, a lower parallel light pipe adjusting seat (301), a lower parallel light pipe (302), a main parallel light pipe (304), a main parallel light pipe adjusting seat (305), an upper parallel light pipe (306) and an upper parallel light pipe adjusting seat (307), the lower parallel light pipe adjusting seat (301), the main parallel light pipe adjusting seat (305) and the upper parallel light pipe adjusting seat (307) are all installed on the combination box body, the lower parallel light pipe (302) is installed on the lower parallel light pipe adjusting seat (301), the main parallel light pipe (304) is installed on the main parallel light pipe adjusting seat (305), the upper parallel light pipe (306) is installed on the upper parallel light pipe adjusting seat (307), and the main parallel light pipe (304) is connected with the computer in data transmission. The main parallel light pipe (304) is horizontally arranged, the lower parallel light pipe (302) is arranged below the main parallel light pipe (304) and is inclined towards the main parallel light pipe (304), and the upper parallel light pipe (306) is arranged above the main parallel light pipe (304) and is inclined towards the main parallel light pipe (304). The light pipe combination box (3) further comprises an operation panel (4) installed on the combination box body, the operation panel (4) is arranged on the lower side of the lower parallel light pipe (302), and the operation panel (4) is provided with a main power switch (401), a main power indicator (402), a charging interface socket (403), an upper parallel light pipe light source opening indicator (404), an upper parallel light pipe adjusting knob (405), a main parallel light pipe light source opening indicator (406), a main parallel light pipe adjusting knob (407), a lower parallel light pipe light source opening indicator (408) and a lower parallel light pipe adjusting knob (409).

2. The portable theodolite field calibration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection device leveling mechanism (5) comprises a middle shaft connecting portion, a light pipe combination box bottom plate (501) and leveling knobs (503), the middle shaft connecting portion is installed at the upper end of the middle shaft (2), the bottom surface of the light pipe combination box bottom plate (501) is rotationally connected with the middle shaft connecting portion, the light pipe combination box (3) is installed on the top surface of the light pipe combination box bottom plate (501), and the bottom side of the middle shaft connecting portion is provided with a plurality of leveling knobs (503), and the end portions of the plurality of leveling knobs (503) all abut against the bottom surface of the light pipe combination box bottom plate (501).

3. The portable theodolite field calibration device according to claim 1, wherein, The detection device leveling mechanism (5) further comprises a locking button (502), and the locking button (502) is installed on the middle shaft connecting portion and abuts against the outer wall of the upper end of the middle shaft (2).

4. The portable theodolite field calibration device according to claim 3, characterized in that, ​ 5. The portable theodolite field calibration device according to claim 3, wherein, The detection device leveling mechanism (5) further comprises: a lateral bubble adjusting screw (504) and a forward bubble adjusting screw (505), both of which are installed on the top surface of the light pipe combination box bottom plate (501), and the forward bubble adjusting screw (505) is arranged on the front side of the light pipe combination box (3), and the lateral bubble adjusting screw (504) is arranged on the left side of the light pipe combination box (3).

6. The portable theodolite field calibration device according to claim 1, wherein, The light pipe combination box (3) further comprises: an upper parallel light pipe horizontal adjusting knob (310), an upper parallel light pipe pitch adjusting knob (309), a main parallel light pipe horizontal adjusting knob (311), a main parallel light pipe pitch adjusting knob (312), a lower parallel light pipe pitch adjusting knob (313) and a lower parallel light pipe horizontal adjusting knob (314), wherein the upper parallel light pipe horizontal adjusting knob (310) and the upper parallel light pipe pitch adjusting knob (309) are both installed on the upper parallel light pipe adjusting seat (307), the main parallel light pipe horizontal adjusting knob (311) and the main parallel light pipe pitch adjusting knob (312) are both installed on the main parallel light pipe adjusting seat (305), and the lower parallel light pipe pitch adjusting knob (313) and the lower parallel light pipe horizontal adjusting knob (314) are both installed on the lower parallel light pipe adjusting seat (301).

7. The portable theodolite field calibration device according to claim 1, wherein, The light pipe combination box (3) further comprises: an upper parallel light pipe power plug (308) and a lower parallel light pipe power plug (315), wherein the upper parallel light pipe power plug (308) is plugged into the rear end of the upper parallel light pipe (306), the lower parallel light pipe power plug (315) is plugged into the rear end of the lower parallel light pipe (302), and the upper parallel light pipe (306) and the lower parallel light pipe (302) are both electrically connected with the operation panel (4).

8. The portable theodolite field calibration device of claim 1, wherein, The main parallel light pipe (304) comprises: a focusing lever locking knob (303), a main parallel light pipe lens barrel (317), a limiting block locking screw (318) and a limiting block (319), wherein the focusing lever locking knob (303), the limiting block locking screw (318) and the limiting block (319) are all installed on the main parallel light pipe lens barrel (317).

9. A portable theodolite field calibration method, characterized in that, The portable theodolite field calibration device of any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises the following steps: A1: turn on the main parallel light pipe power, connect the main parallel light pipe (304) with the computer using a USB data line, and run the telescope observation software; A2: place the autocollimation calibration mirror (316) on the front end of the main parallel light pipe lens barrel (317), align the gap with one side of the focusing lever locking knob (303), rotate the focusing lever locking knob (303) to the front end (infinity), and lock it to prevent it from falling off; A3: At this time, the return image cross should be observed in the software interface, if the cross image is clear and the return image signal strength indicator bar of the software interface is green, it indicates that the infinity position is accurate and no calibration is needed, and the verification is completed; if the above return image clarity is poor or the indicator bar is yellow or red, calibration is needed. A4: Loosen the locking screw of the limiting block (318), loosen the locking knob of the focusing lever (303), move the locking knob of the focusing lever (303) forward and backward while observing the software interface until the cross image is clear and the software interface return image signal strength indicator bar is green; A5: Lock the locking knob of the focusing lever (303); A6: Use a sharp tool to move the limiting block (319) to the front end of the main parallel light pipe while tightening the limiting block locking screw (318); A7: Loosen the locking knob of the focusing lever (303), repeatedly move the loosened locking knob of the focusing lever (303) forward and backward to the front end of the infinite position, and then observe the software interface to see if it meets the conditions of clear cross image and green software interface return image signal strength indicator bar. If it meets the conditions, the calibration is completed, otherwise, repeat steps A3 to A7 until the calibration is completed.

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