Kitchen garbage recycling method

Abstract

The invention relates to a kitchen garbage recycling method which comprises the following steps: pretreating kitchen garbage to obtain a kitchen garbage oil phase, a kitchen garbage liquid phase and a kitchen garbage solid phase; placing the eggs on the surface of wheat bran for hatching to obtain larvae; inoculating the larvae on the surface of the kitchen waste solid phase for breeding, and adding solid residues to obtain a solid mixture; and separating the solid mixture to obtain adults and fecula. The kitchen garbage is fed by insects and is converted into various high-value products: the insect protein can replace conventional feeds such as fish meal and soybean meal, so that the pressure of feed resources is relieved; the insect fat can be used for producing biodiesel or cosmetic raw materials; the insect sand is a high-quality organic fertilizer and can effectively improve the soil fertility. And finally, efficient conversion and sustainable cyclic utilization of the kitchen garbage are realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of solid waste resource processing, and particularly relates to a method for resource processing of kitchen waste. BACKGROUND

[0002] Kitchen waste is mainly derived from daily life of residents, food processing, catering services and collective catering activities, and includes vegetable leaves, leftover food, fruit peels and bones. Kitchen waste has typical characteristics of high water content, high organic matter content, high oil content and high salt content. The organic matter content of kitchen waste can reach 80% to 93% (dry basis). Kitchen waste is rich in easily degradable components such as protein, fat and cellulose. The oil content of kitchen waste is about 2% to 3%. The oil in kitchen waste can be used to extract biodiesel. The salt content of kitchen waste is usually close to 1%. In the resource utilization of kitchen waste, attention should be paid to the potential negative impact of salt in kitchen waste on soil environment and crop growth.

[0003] At present, the traditional disposal methods of kitchen waste mainly include landfill, incineration and aerobic composting. When kitchen waste is landfilled, a large amount of leachate and methane is generated during the landfill process of kitchen waste, and there is a risk of groundwater pollution and aggravation of greenhouse effect during the landfill process of kitchen waste. When kitchen waste is incinerated, kitchen waste needs to be assisted by fuel due to its high water content. The incineration cost of kitchen waste is high, and harmful substances such as dioxin may be generated during the incineration process of kitchen waste. When kitchen waste is subjected to aerobic composting, although fertilizer can be produced from kitchen waste, the aerobic composting of kitchen waste is greatly affected by environmental conditions, the operation and control of the aerobic composting of kitchen waste are complex, and there is a problem of odor pollution in the aerobic composting of kitchen waste.

[0004] In recent years, the technologies of anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste and insect breeding resourceization of kitchen waste have gradually developed. When kitchen waste is subjected to anaerobic fermentation, the anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste can produce biogas and organic fertilizer on a large scale, and the anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste has strict requirements for pretreatment and process control. When kitchen waste is subjected to insect breeding, insects such as black soldier flies can convert kitchen waste into insect protein, fat and high-quality worm sand fertilizer. Insect breeding has high resource value. However, insect breeding still faces some bottlenecks such as extensive breeding process, non-high-value utilization of waste oil and waste liquid of kitchen waste, and mismatch between feeding strategy and insect growth curve, which restricts the large-scale popularization and application of insect breeding.

[0005] Therefore, it has become an important research direction for resource processing of kitchen waste to develop efficient and high-value kitchen waste insect breeding processing technology. SUMMARY

[0006] The application provides a method for resource utilization of kitchen waste, to solve the technical problem of how to improve the resource utilization rate of kitchen waste, enrich the types of resource utilization products, and explore precise feeding based on the growth curve of insects to maximize the conversion efficiency of insect protein. The application provides a method for resource utilization of kitchen waste, which comprises the following steps: The kitchen waste is pretreated to obtain a kitchen waste oil phase, a kitchen waste liquid phase and a kitchen waste solid phase; The insect eggs are placed on the surface of the wheat bran for hatching to obtain larvae; The larvae are inoculated on the surface of the kitchen waste solid phase for breeding and adding solid residues to obtain a solid mixture; The solid mixture is separated to obtain adult insects and insect feces.

[0007] Optionally, the pretreatment comprises at least one of hydrolytic decomposition pulping, separation and impurity removal pulping and hot hydrolysis pulping.

[0008] Optionally, the moisture content of the kitchen waste solid phase is 72% to 77%.

[0009] Optionally, the insect eggs comprise at least one of fly maggot eggs and black soldier fly eggs.

[0010] Optionally, when the moisture content of the wheat bran is 60% to 65%, the temperature for hatching is 30°C to 35°C, and the humidity for hatching is 60% to 70%.

[0011] Optionally, the temperature for breeding is 20°C to 30°C, and the humidity for breeding is 50% to 70%.

[0012] Optionally, if the larvae are fly larvae, the ratio of the total mass of fly maggot eggs to the total mass of solid residues is 1: (1.2 to 1.5).

[0013] Optionally, if the larvae are black soldier fly larvae, the ratio of the total mass of black soldier fly eggs to the total mass of solid residues is 1: (4.8 to 6.6).

[0014] Optionally, the thickness of the solid mixture is ≤5 cm, and the temperature of the solid mixture is 37°C to 43°C.

[0015] Optionally, if the larvae are fly larvae, the separation step comprises primary separation and secondary separation. The primary separation uses a shading net to screen the solid mixture, and the secondary separation places the fly adult insects in rice bran for drying, and then uses a 10-mesh to 12-mesh screen to screen the fly adult insects.

[0016] Optionally, if the larvae are black soldier fly larvae, the separation step involves sieving the solid mixture using a shade net.

[0017] The technical solutions provided in this application have the following advantages compared with the prior art: This application provides a method for the resource utilization of kitchen waste. First, the kitchen waste is pretreated to obtain an oil phase, a liquid phase, and a solid phase. The pretreatment process separates the kitchen waste into these three phases for subsequent resource utilization. Then, insect eggs are placed on the surface of wheat bran for hatching, resulting in larvae. The hatching process yields active biological vectors of larvae that can be used to process the solid phase of the kitchen waste. Subsequently, the larvae are inoculated onto the surface of the solid phase for rearing, and solid residue is added to the solid phase to obtain a solid mixture. During the rearing process, the larvae feed on and digest the solid residue, converting it into larval insect biomass and partially degraded organic matter. Finally, the solid mixture is separated to obtain adult insects and insect excrement. The separation process separates the rearing end products of the solid mixture into high-value adult insects (protein resources) and insect excrement (organic fertilizer raw materials), achieving resource recovery from kitchen waste. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for the resource utilization of kitchen waste provided in this application embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] The range descriptions used herein, such as numerical ranges and proportional ranges, include all possible sub-ranges and single numerical values ​​within that range. For example, the range descriptions of "1 to 6" or "1~6" cover all sub-ranges between 1 and 6 (such as 1 to 3, 2 to 5, etc.) and single numbers (such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6). Unless otherwise specified, the terms "including" and "contains" used herein mean "including but not limited to"; relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different entities or operations and do not imply an actual order or relationship. "And / or" indicates that multiple situations can exist individually or simultaneously. Expressions such as "at least one," "multiple," and "at least one" refer to any combination of the corresponding objects, including combinations of single or multiple objects. The proportional relationships mentioned herein, such as mass ratios and molar ratios, should be understood as the correspondence between the first and second terms of a proportional formula, according to the order of description. The raw materials, reagents, instruments, and equipment used herein can all be obtained through commercial purchase or prepared using existing methods.

[0023] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for the resource utilization of kitchen waste provided in this application embodiment.

[0024] Please see Figure 1 This application provides a method for the resource utilization of kitchen waste, including: S1. Pre-treat kitchen waste to obtain kitchen waste oil phase, kitchen waste liquid phase and kitchen waste solid phase; S2. Place the insect eggs on the surface of wheat bran to hatch them, and obtain larvae; S3. The larvae are inoculated onto the solid surface of the kitchen waste for cultivation and solid residue is added to obtain a solid mixture; S4. Separate the solid mixture to obtain adult insects and insect excrement.

[0025] In the above technical solution, kitchen waste is separated into oil phase, liquid phase and solid phase through pretreatment. Then, insect eggs are hatched to obtain larvae. The larvae are used as a biotransformation medium. The larvae are fed and raised by leaching, so that the larvae feed on and digest the solid phase of kitchen waste. Finally, the solid phase of kitchen waste is transformed into high-value adult insects (insect protein) and insect excrement (organic fertilizer), realizing the efficient biotransformation and resource recycling of kitchen waste.

[0026] In some embodiments, the pretreatment includes at least one of hydrolysis pulping, sorting and impurity removal pressing pulping, and hot water hydrolysis pressing pulping.

[0027] When pre-treating kitchen waste, it is crushed and pulped. The crushing and pulping process transforms large pieces of kitchen waste into smaller particles of kitchen waste slurry. This process provides a stable and pure solid matrix of kitchen waste that is easy for larvae to feed on in subsequent insect farming.

[0028] In some embodiments, the moisture content of the solid phase of the kitchen waste is 72% to 77%.

[0029] Maintaining the moisture content of the solid phase of kitchen waste between 72% and 77% provides an optimal growth environment for larvae. This ensures both adequate aeration to prevent anaerobic putrefaction and suitable humidity to promote larval feeding and digestion, thereby achieving efficient biotransformation of the kitchen waste solid phase. For example, the moisture content of the kitchen waste solid phase can be set to 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, and 77%.

[0030] In some embodiments, the insect eggs include at least one of fly maggot eggs and black soldier fly eggs.

[0031] The selection of fly maggot eggs or black soldier fly eggs aims to utilize the biological characteristics of the larvae hatched from fly maggot eggs or black soldier fly eggs to efficiently feed on and transform the solid phase of kitchen waste, so as to achieve rapid reduction and resource utilization of the solid phase of kitchen waste.

[0032] In some embodiments, when the moisture content of the wheat bran is 60% to 65%, the incubation temperature is 30°C to 35°C, and the incubation humidity is 60% to 70%.

[0033] By controlling the moisture content of wheat bran between 60% and 65%, and maintaining suitable humidity in the wheat bran substrate, the growth of harmful microorganisms on the surface of the wheat bran is inhibited, and the permeability of the eggshells is maintained, thereby ensuring a high hatching rate and the health of newly hatched larvae. For example, the moisture content of the wheat bran can be set to 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, or 65%. The incubation temperature is controlled between 30℃ and 35℃ to provide the optimal metabolic temperature for the eggs, significantly accelerating embryonic development and minimizing the hatching cycle. For example, the incubation temperature can be set to 30℃, 31℃, 32℃, 33℃, 34℃, or 35℃. The incubation humidity is controlled between 60% and 70% to maintain moderate moisture in the eggshells, preventing dehydration and embryonic death, ensuring normal gas exchange, and inhibiting excessive growth of harmful microorganisms. For example, the incubation humidity can be set to 60%, 62%, 64%, 66%, 68%, or 70%.

[0034] In some embodiments, the culture temperature is 20°C to 30°C, and the culture humidity is 50% to 70%.

[0035] Maintaining the rearing temperature between 20℃ and 30℃ ensures optimal metabolic activity for the larvae, guaranteeing efficient feeding and growth rates, thereby optimizing the conversion efficiency of kitchen waste solid phase. For example, the rearing temperature can be set to 20℃, 22℃, 24℃, 26℃, 28℃, or 30℃. Maintaining the rearing humidity between 50% and 70% prevents the kitchen waste solid phase rearing substrate from becoming too dry or too wet, avoiding larval dehydration and death, inhibiting the growth of harmful microorganisms, and ensuring a stable larval rearing environment. For example, the rearing humidity can be set to 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, or 70%.

[0036] In some embodiments, if the larvae are fly maggot larvae, the ratio of the total mass of the fly maggot eggs to the total mass of the solid residue is 1:(1.2~1.5).

[0037] The rearing cycle of fly larvae was set to 4 days. During this 4-day rearing cycle, solid residue was added twice daily to the solid phase of kitchen waste at 8-hour + 16-hour intervals. The daily solid residue addition ratio was 5:8:10:1, and the ratio of total fly larvae mass to total solid residue mass was 1:(1.2~1.5). This approach ensured sufficient nutrient supply for the fly larvae while avoiding resource waste, optimizing the growth rate and biomass conversion efficiency of the fly larvae, and ultimately maximizing the solid phase treatment of kitchen waste and the yield of adult fly larvae. The unit of total fly larvae mass is g, and the unit of total solid residue mass is kg. For example, the ratio of total fly larvae mass to total solid residue mass can be 1:1.2, 1:1.3, 1:1.4, or 1:1.5.

[0038] In some embodiments, if the larvae are the black soldier fly larvae, the ratio of the total mass of the black soldier fly eggs to the total mass of the solid residue is 1:(4.8~6.6).

[0039] The rearing cycle of black soldier fly larvae was set to 7 days, with days 1-3 designated as the first stage and days 4-7 as the second stage. In the first and second stages, the daily ratio of solid residue added to the solid phase of kitchen waste was 1.5:2:2:1.7:1, respectively, with the ratio of total black soldier fly egg mass to total solid residue mass being 1:(4.8-6.6). This was intended to match the enormous biomass conversion potential of the explosive growth of black soldier fly larvae, maximizing the stimulation of feeding and metabolic efficiency by over-supplying the solid residue substrate. Ultimately, this achieved efficient reduction of kitchen waste solid phase and large-scale production of high-value-added black soldier fly adult protein and excrement fertilizer. The unit for the total mass of black soldier fly eggs is g, and the unit for the total mass of solid residue is kg. For example, the ratio of the total mass of black soldier fly eggs to the total mass of solid residue can be 1:4.8, 1:5.0, 1:5.2, 1:5.4, 1:5.6, 1:5.8, 1:6.0, 1:6.2, 1:6.4, or 1:6.6.

[0040] In some embodiments, the thickness of the solid mixture is ≤5cm, and the temperature of the solid mixture is 37℃~43℃.

[0041] The thickness of the solid mixture should be controlled to ≤5cm to ensure sufficient oxygen diffusion within the mixture and prevent larvae from dying due to oxygen deficiency or excessive local temperature rise. For example, the thickness of the solid mixture can be set to 1cm, 2cm, 3cm, 4cm, or 5cm. The temperature of the solid mixture should be controlled between 37℃ and 43℃ to maintain the activity of intestinal microorganisms and the larvae's own metabolic efficiency, thereby accelerating the decomposition and transformation rate of the solid residue by the larvae. For example, the temperature of the solid mixture can be set to 37℃, 38℃, 39℃, 40℃, 41℃, 42℃, or 43℃.

[0042] In some implementations, if the larvae are fly maggot larvae, the separation step includes a primary separation and a secondary separation; In the first separation, the solid mixture is sieved using a shade net; in the second separation, the adult fly larvae are placed in rice bran for drying, and then sieved using a 10-12 mesh sieve.

[0043] In one separation process, a shade net is placed over the container collecting adult fly larvae. The solid mixture is then spread evenly on the shade net, and a light source is turned on to illuminate the solid mixture. Taking advantage of the fly larvae's aversion to light, the solid mixture is repeatedly turned over until most of the fly larvae burrow under the shade net. At this point, the remaining solid mixture above the shade net is the fly excrement, while the fly larvae are collected in the container below the shade net, thus achieving the separation of fly larvae from fly excrement.

[0044] In the secondary separation, the collected adult fly larvae are placed in rice bran for drying, and then sieved through a 10-12 mesh screen. The sieved adult fly larvae are then placed in sealed bags and frozen for storage. For example, the mesh size of the screen used for the secondary separation can be 10, 11, or 12 mesh.

[0045] In some embodiments, if the larvae are black soldier fly larvae, the separation step involves sieving the solid mixture using a shade net.

[0046] A shade net is placed over the container collecting adult black soldier flies. The solid mixture is then spread evenly on the net, and a light source is turned on to illuminate it. Taking advantage of the black soldier fly larvae's aversion to light, the mixture is repeatedly turned over until most of the larvae burrow under the net. The remaining solid mixture above the net is the fly excrement, while the larvae are collected in the container below the net, thus separating the larvae from the excrement. The collected adult black soldier flies are then dried using a microwave or frozen for storage.

[0047] The present application is further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. Experimental methods in the following embodiments that do not specify specific conditions are generally determined according to national standards / industry standards / the disclosure herein; if there are no corresponding national standards / industry standards / the disclosure herein, they are performed according to generally accepted international standards, conventional conditions, or conditions recommended by the manufacturer.

[0048] Example 1 Kitchen waste is sorted, impurities removed, crushed and pulped to obtain kitchen waste slurry. Then, a three-phase separator is used to degrease the kitchen waste slurry to obtain kitchen waste oil phase, kitchen waste liquid phase and kitchen waste solid phase; among which, the kitchen waste solid phase has a water content of 75%.

[0049] Fly maggot eggs were placed on the surface of wheat bran with a moisture content of 60% for incubation at a temperature of 30°C and a humidity of 60%, resulting in fly maggot larvae.

[0050] Fly larvae were inoculated onto the solid surface of kitchen waste for rearing at a temperature of 20°C and a humidity of 60%. After 22 hours, the solid waste was completely decomposed and produced insect excrement. The solid waste was then spread evenly on top, with a total weight of 15.65 kg. Subsequently, solid waste was added twice daily at 8-hour and 16-hour intervals. The total weight of solid waste added on the second day was 42.01 kg, on the third day it was 52.52 kg, and on the fourth day it was 4.84 kg, resulting in a solid mixture.

[0051] The solid mixture was separated once using a shade net, and then the adult fly larvae were placed in rice bran for drying. After being separated a second time through a 10-mesh sieve, the adult larvae and fly excrement were obtained.

[0052] Example 2 Kitchen waste is sorted, impurities removed, crushed and pulped to obtain kitchen waste slurry. Then, a three-phase separator is used to degrease the kitchen waste slurry to obtain kitchen waste oil phase, kitchen waste liquid phase and kitchen waste solid phase; among which, the kitchen waste solid phase has a water content of 76%.

[0053] Black soldier fly eggs were placed on the surface of wheat bran with a moisture content of 60% for incubation at a temperature of 30°C and a humidity of 70%, resulting in black soldier fly larvae.

[0054] The black soldier fly larvae were kept in a constant temperature and humidity environment of 30°C and 70% for two more days. After two days, 4 kg of solid residue was added for further intensive rearing.

[0055] The intensively cultured black soldier fly larvae were inoculated onto the solid surface of kitchen waste for cultivation. The cultivation temperature was 28℃ and the humidity was 50%. The total amount of solid residue added in the first stage was 180kg, the total amount added on the fourth day was 240kg, the total amount added on the fifth day was 240kg, the total amount added on the sixth day was 200kg, and the amount added on the seventh day was 120kg, resulting in a solid mixture.

[0056] The solid mixture was separated using a shade net to obtain adult insects and insect excrement.

[0057] Example 3 Kitchen waste is sorted, impurities removed, crushed and pulped to obtain kitchen waste slurry. Then, a three-phase separator is used to degrease the kitchen waste slurry to obtain kitchen waste oil phase, kitchen waste liquid phase and kitchen waste solid phase; among which, the kitchen waste solid phase has a water content of 77%.

[0058] Fly maggot eggs were placed on the surface of wheat bran with a moisture content of 65% for incubation at a temperature of 35°C and a humidity of 65%, resulting in fly maggot larvae.

[0059] Fly larvae were inoculated onto the solid surface of kitchen waste and cultured at a temperature of 30℃ and a humidity of 70%. After 22 hours, the solid waste was completely decomposed and produced insect excrement. The solid waste was then spread evenly on top, with a total weight of 24.15 kg. Subsequently, solid waste was added twice daily at 8-hour and 16-hour intervals. The total weight of solid waste added on the second day was 52.08 kg, on the third day it was 65.09 kg, and on the fourth day it was 7.44 kg, resulting in a solid mixture.

[0060] The solid mixture was separated once using a shade net, and then the adult fly larvae were placed in rice bran for drying. They were then separated a second time through a 12-mesh sieve to obtain adult larvae and fly excrement.

[0061] Example 4 Kitchen waste is sorted, impurities removed, crushed and pulped to obtain kitchen waste slurry. Then, a three-phase separator is used to degrease the kitchen waste slurry to obtain kitchen waste oil phase, kitchen waste liquid phase and kitchen waste solid phase; among which, the kitchen waste solid phase has a water content of 72%.

[0062] Black soldier fly eggs were placed on the surface of wheat bran with a moisture content of 60% for incubation at a temperature of 30°C and a humidity of 70%, resulting in black soldier fly larvae.

[0063] The black soldier fly larvae were kept in a constant temperature and humidity environment of 30°C and 70% for two more days. After two days, 4 kg of solid residue was added for further intensive rearing.

[0064] The intensively cultured black soldier fly larvae were inoculated onto the solid surface of kitchen waste for cultivation. The cultivation temperature was 28℃ and the humidity was 50%. The total amount of solid residue added in the first stage was 123 kg, the total amount of solid residue added on the fourth day was 163 kg, the total amount of solid residue added on the fifth day was 163 kg, the total amount of solid residue added on the sixth day was 139 kg, and the total amount of solid residue added on the seventh day was 82 kg, resulting in a solid mixture.

[0065] The solid mixture was separated using a shade net to obtain adult insects and insect excrement.

[0066] Example 5 Kitchen waste is sorted, impurities removed, crushed and pulped to obtain kitchen waste slurry. Then, a three-phase separator is used to degrease the kitchen waste slurry to obtain kitchen waste oil phase, kitchen waste liquid phase and kitchen waste solid phase; among which, the kitchen waste solid phase has a water content of 75%.

[0067] Black soldier fly eggs were placed on the surface of wheat bran with a moisture content of 60% for incubation at a temperature of 30°C and a humidity of 70%, resulting in black soldier fly larvae.

[0068] The black soldier fly larvae were kept in a constant temperature and humidity environment of 30°C and 70% for two more days. After two days, 4 kg of solid residue was added for further intensive rearing.

[0069] The intensively cultured black soldier fly larvae were inoculated onto the solid surface of kitchen waste for rearing at a temperature of 25℃ and a humidity of 60%. The total amount of solid residue added in the first stage was 102 kg, the total amount added on the fourth day was 136 kg, the total amount added on the fifth day was 136 kg, the total amount added on the sixth day was 116 kg, and the total amount added on the seventh day was 82 kg, resulting in a solid mixture.

[0070] The solid mixture was separated using a shade net to obtain adult insects and insect excrement.

[0071] Comparative Example 1 Kitchen waste is sorted, impurities removed, crushed and pulped to obtain kitchen waste slurry. Then, a three-phase separator is used to degrease the kitchen waste slurry to obtain kitchen waste oil phase, kitchen waste liquid phase and kitchen waste solid phase; among which, the kitchen waste solid phase has a water content of 75%.

[0072] Fly maggot eggs were placed on the surface of wheat bran with a moisture content of 60% for incubation at a temperature of 30°C and a humidity of 60%, resulting in fly maggot larvae.

[0073] Fly larvae were inoculated onto the solid surface of kitchen waste and cultured at a temperature of 20°C and a humidity of 60%. After 22 hours, the solid waste was completely decomposed and produced insect excrement. The solid waste was then spread evenly on top, with a total weight of 16.42 kg. Subsequently, solid waste was added twice daily at 12-hour intervals. The total weight of solid waste added on the second day was 38.62 kg, on the third day it was 48.35 kg, and on the fourth day it was 4.36 kg, resulting in a solid mixture.

[0074] The solid mixture was separated once using a shade net, and then the adult fly larvae were placed in rice bran for drying. After being separated a second time through a 10-mesh sieve, the adult larvae and fly excrement were obtained.

[0075] Comparative Example 2 Kitchen waste is sorted, impurities removed, crushed and pulped to obtain kitchen waste slurry. Then, a three-phase separator is used to degrease the kitchen waste slurry to obtain kitchen waste oil phase, kitchen waste liquid phase and kitchen waste solid phase; among which, the kitchen waste solid phase has a water content of 75%.

[0076] Black soldier fly eggs were placed on the surface of wheat bran with a moisture content of 60% for incubation at a temperature of 30°C and a humidity of 70%, resulting in black soldier fly larvae.

[0077] The black soldier fly larvae were kept in a constant temperature and humidity environment of 30°C and 70% for two more days. After two days, 4 kg of solid residue was added for further intensive rearing.

[0078] The intensively cultured black soldier fly larvae were inoculated onto the solid surface of kitchen waste for cultivation. The cultivation temperature was 25℃ and the humidity was 60%. The total amount of solid residue added in the first stage was 300g, the total amount of solid residue added on the fourth day was 140kg, the total amount of solid residue added on the fifth day was 140kg, the total amount of solid residue added on the sixth day was 100kg, and the total amount of solid residue added on the seventh day was 50kg, resulting in a solid mixture.

[0079] The solid mixture was separated using a shade net to obtain adult insects and insect excrement.

[0080] Results data: The experimental data of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0081] Experimental methods for obtaining effect data: Calculation of solid content in insect bodies, solid residue, and insect excrement: Solid content was determined using an electric heating blast drying oven. Calculation of volatile solids content in insect bodies, solid residue, and insect excrement: Volatile solids content was determined using a muffle furnace. Calculation of insect body and excrement conversion rate: Insect body (excrement) conversion rate = Total weight of insect bodies (excrement) (kg) / Solid residue consumption (kg). Calculation of organic matter content in insect bodies and insect excrement: Volatile solids content was used to represent organic matter content, and volatile solids content was determined using a muffle furnace. Calculation of crude protein content in insect bodies and insect excrement: Crude protein was determined according to the "National Food Safety Standard for Determination" (GB5009.5-2016). Calculation of crude fat content in insect bodies and insect excrement: Crude fat was determined according to the "National Food Safety Standard for Determination" (GB5009.6-2016). Calculation of crude fiber content in insect excrement: Crude fiber was determined according to the "Determination of Crude Fiber Content in Feed" (GB / T 6434-2016). Table 1

[0082] Table 2

[0083] The above effect data table provides a clear comparison of the differences between various embodiments and comparative examples. The following conclusions can be drawn: As can be seen from Examples 1-5, the preparation method of this application shows excellent performance in terms of crude protein content of insect body, insect body conversion rate and insect excrement conversion rate, effectively promoting the full decomposition, utilization and conversion of organic matter in solid slag, and greatly improving the efficiency and value of solid slag resource utilization.

[0084] As shown in Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the preparation method not employing the embodiments of this application resulted in a significant reduction in insect body conversion rate and insect excrement conversion rate, as well as a relatively low crude protein content in the insect body. Furthermore, the solid residue exhibited periods of excess or deficiency during digestion, leading to low utilization and conversion efficiency of organic matter in the solid residue and resulting in resource waste. Simultaneously, excessive solid residue application in the early stages of rearing can easily lead to a decrease in larval survival rate, while insufficient solid residue application can delay larval growth.

[0085] One or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages: Food waste resource utilization and product diversification: Fully utilize the oil, liquid and solid phases of food waste to achieve diversified product development and zero-waste utilization.

[0086] Preparation of high-value products: Transforming waste kitchen waste into high-value insect protein products, achieving efficient conversion of organic matter into biological protein and high-value application of kitchen waste.

[0087] Systematization of insect farming parameters: By conducting in-depth research on the growth patterns of insects and standardizing the feeding ratio during the farming process, material waste can be avoided while effectively improving the conversion efficiency of kitchen waste into insect protein and organic matter, thus providing a scientific basis for the precise management of large-scale insect farming.

[0088] High economic benefits: Compared with traditional treatment methods that are limited to simple recycling or landfill, this method transforms kitchen waste into insect protein and organic fertilizer, which not only opens up new avenues for the resource utilization of waste, but also promotes the development of the circular economy.

[0089] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed in this application.

Claims

1. A method for resource utilization of kitchen waste, characterized in that, The method comprises: The kitchen garbage is pretreated to obtain kitchen garbage oil phase, kitchen garbage liquid phase and kitchen garbage solid phase; The eggs are placed on the surface of the wheat bran for hatching to obtain larvae; The larvae are inoculated on the surface of the kitchen garbage solid phase for breeding and adding solid residues to obtain a solid mixture; The solid mixture is separated to obtain adult insects and insect feces.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The pretreatment includes at least one of hydraulic decomposition pulping, separation and impurity removal pulping, and hot hydrolysis pulping.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The moisture content of the kitchen garbage solid phase is 72% to 77%.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The eggs include at least one of fly maggot eggs and black soldier fly eggs.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, When the moisture content of the wheat bran is 60% to 65%, the temperature of the hatching is 30°C to 35°C, and the humidity of the hatching is 60% to 70%.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, The temperature of the breeding is 20°C to 30°C, and the humidity of the breeding is 50% to 70%.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein, If the larvae are fly larvae, the ratio of the total mass of fly eggs to the total mass of solid residues is 1:(1.2 to 1.5); and / or, If the larvae are black soldier fly larvae, the ratio of the total mass of black soldier fly eggs to the total mass of solid residues is 1:(4.8 to 6.6).

8. The method of claim 1, wherein, The thickness of the solid mixture is ≤5cm, and the temperature of the solid mixture is 37°C to 43°C.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein, If the larvae are fly larvae, the separation step includes primary separation and secondary separation; The primary separation uses a sunshade net to screen the solid mixture; the secondary separation places the fly adult insects in rice bran for drying, and then uses a 10 to 12 mesh screen to screen the fly adult insects.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein, If the larvae are black soldier fly larvae, the separation step uses a sunshade net to screen the solid mixture.

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